CN108793653B - A system and method for comprehensive utilization of all components of sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and method for comprehensively utilizing sludge, the system comprising: a sludge bin (1), a hydrocyclone (2), a biological reactor (3), a filter press (4), a hot water Decomposition reactor (5), carbonization device (6), concentration tank (7), adsorbent product bin (8), fertilizer product bin (9), bacterial seed tank (10), bacterial fertilizer product bin (11), metal A mud treatment bin (12) and a conditioning tank (13). The advantages of the invention are: the hydrocyclone has no moving parts, the structure is simple, and the production capacity per unit volume is large; the organic matter with different particle sizes is processed by different processes: the complex bacteria group decomposes the organic matter in the particles with larger particle size, and the thermal hydrolysis decomposition is small. The organic matter in the particles with light particle size improves the decomposition efficiency of organic matter and reduces energy consumption; it not only recovers heavy metals, but also makes full use of organic and inorganic substances such as N, P, and K.

Description

A system and method for comprehensive utilization of all components of sludge

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection, and in particular, the invention relates to a system and method for comprehensively utilizing all components of sludge.

Background technique

The sludge has high water content, perishable and complex composition. It not only contains N, P, K and other nutrients, but also contains a large number of pathogenic bacteria, bacteria, parasite eggs and heavy metals and other toxic and harmful substances and carcinogens, and is accompanied by a strong odor. . Chinese patent CN106949475A (a kind of sludge incineration system and its incineration method) adopts the conventional method of incineration to process the sludge, but the conventional method cannot utilize the organic substances in the sludge, and the precious metals and toxic substances in the sludge cannot be effectively treated, polluting surroundings. Chinese patent CN106747779A (a kind of sludge composting improvement method), adding fermentation bacteria etc. to sludge to carry out composting fermentation, can comprehensively utilize the organic matter in sludge, but cannot effectively deal with heavy metals with higher content in industrial sludge, will pollute the environment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for comprehensive utilization of all components of sludge, which solves the problems that toxic substances such as heavy metals cannot be completely removed, organic substances cannot be comprehensively utilized, and energy consumption is high after conventional sludge treatment.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

A sludge full-component comprehensive utilization system, the system includes: a sludge bin 1, a hydrocyclone 2, a biological reactor 3, a filter press 4, a thermal hydrolysis reactor 5, a carbonization device 6, a concentration tank 7. Adsorbent product warehouse 8, fertilizer product warehouse 9, bacterial seed tank 10, bacterial fertilizer product warehouse 11, metal mud treatment warehouse 12 and conditioning tank 13;

The hydrocyclone 2 includes a first-stage hydrocyclone 2-1 and a second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2;

The filter press 4 includes a first filter press 4-1 and a second filter press 4-2;

The discharge port of the sludge bin 1 is connected with the feed port of the first stage of the hydrocyclone 2-1, and the underflow outlet of the first stage of the hydrocyclone 2-1 is connected with the feed port of the first filter press 4-1 ; The overflow outlet of the first filter press 4-1 is connected with the feed port of the concentration tank 7, and the filter cake outlet of the first filter press 4-1 is connected with the feed port of the carbonization device 6, and the outlet of the carbonization device 6 is connected. The feeding port is connected with the feeding port of the adsorbent product bin 8;

The overflow outlet of the first-stage hydrocyclone 2-1 is connected with the feed port of the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2, and the overflow outlet of the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 is connected to the outlet of the pyrolysis reactor 5. The feed port is connected, the bottom flow outlet of the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 is connected with the feed port of the biological reaction tank 3, and the discharge port of the biological reaction tank 3 and the discharge port of the pyrolysis reactor 5 are both connected with the second The feed port of the filter press 4-2 is connected; the filtrate outlet of the second filter press 4-2 is connected to the feed port of the concentration pool 7, and the discharge port of the concentration pool 7 is connected to the feed port of the conditioning pool 13, The liquid outlet of the conditioning tank 13 is connected with the hydrocyclone 2, so that the liquid is returned to the hydrocyclone 2 for recycling, and the solid outlet of the conditioning tank 13 is connected with the feed port of the metal mud treatment bin 12;

The filter cake outlet of the second filter press 4-2 is connected to the fertilizer product bin 9, the bacterial feed inlet of the fertilizer product bin 9 is connected to the discharge outlet of the bacterial species tank 10, and the discharge outlet of the fertilizer product bin 9 is connected to the outlet of the bacterial species tank 10. The feed port of the bacterial fertilizer product bin 11 is connected.

Preferably, the first-stage hydrocyclone and the second-stage hydrocyclone are used in series; the diameter of the first-stage hydrocyclone is 200-300mm, and the placement cone angle is 20-30°; the diameter of the second-stage hydrocyclone is 50-150mm, which is placed Cone angle 10-15°.

The present invention also provides a method for comprehensive utilization of all sludge components based on the above system, the method comprising the following steps:

1) The sludge is pumped from the sludge silo 1 to the first stage of the hydrocyclone 2-1. After being separated by the first stage of the hydrocyclone 2-1, the underflow of heavy particulate matter is pumped into the first filter press 4-1. The filtrate of a filter press 4-1 is passed into the concentration tank 7, the filter cake enters the carbonization device 6, and after the carbonization treatment, it enters the adsorbent product bin 8 as an adsorbent;

2) The overflow of the first-stage hydrocyclone 2-1 flows to the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 for reprocessing, and the light particulate matter separated by the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 overflows into the thermal hydrolysis reactor 5 , adding additives to carry out thermal hydrolysis, the material obtained from thermal hydrolysis enters the second filter press 4-2 for filtration, the filtrate enters the concentration tank 7, and after concentration enters the conditioning tank 13 for biochemical conditioning, the liquid is returned to the cyclone 2 for recycling, The solid matter enters the metal mud treatment bin 12 to recycle the metal mud; the filter cake filtered by the second filter press 4-2 enters the fertilizer product bin 9, adds the bacteria in the bacterial strain tank 10, and the obtained bacterial fertilizer enters the bacterial fertilizer product bin 11 ;

3) The underflow of medium particulate matter separated by the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 enters the biological reaction tank 3 and adds compound bacteria to carry out reaction treatment, and the reaction product enters the second filter press 4-2 for filtration; the filtrate enters the concentration tank 7, After concentration, it enters the conditioning tank 13 for biochemical conditioning, the liquid is returned to the cyclone 2 for recycling, and the solid material enters the metal mud treatment bin 12 to recycle the metal mud; the filter cake filtered by the second filter press 4-2 enters the fertilizer product bin 9 , add the bacteria in the bacterial culture tank 10, and the obtained bacterial fertilizer enters the bacterial fertilizer product warehouse 11.

Preferably, in the step 1), the carbonization temperature in the carbonization device 6 is 180°C-300°C, and the carbonization time is 2h-4h.

Preferably, in the step 2), the thermal hydrolysis temperature of the thermal hydrolysis reactor 5 is 150°C-250°C, and the time is 2h-4h.

Preferably, in the step 2), the additive is ammonium salt, and further preferably, the ammonium salt is ammonium chloride.

Preferably, in the described step 3), the compound flora that is added is Thiobacillus acidophilus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus acidophilus ferrooxidans, and the ratio of Thiobacillus acidophilus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus acidophilus ferrooxidans is 4: 1-2:1.

Preferably, in steps 2) and 3), according to the difference in the types of heavy metals in different sludges, by adjusting the temperature, pH, electrochemical environment, or adding microorganisms to accelerate their reduction and other methods, the heavy metals are formed into metal compounds (complexes) or Elemental metal to form metal mud for recycling.

The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection-resource comprehensive treatment, and relates to a method and equipment for comprehensively treating a sludge with all components. First, the sludge is passed into a hydrocyclone to separate heavy particles, medium particles and light particles; The heavy particles mainly composed of inorganic substances such as silica are subjected to carbonization and roasting at a temperature of 180℃-300℃, the medium particles mainly composed of medium-sized organic substances are subjected to mixed bacteria acid treatment, and the light particles mainly composed of small-sized organic substances Add additives such as ammonium salt, and perform thermal hydrolysis treatment at 200°C. The filtrate produced by filtration in the process is passed into the concentration tank for biochemical conditioning to form heavy metal compounds (complexes) and metal elements, mixed with metal mud for recycling, and the supernatant liquid is returned to the cyclone to enter the next cycle. The heavy particles are treated as adsorbents, and the fertilizers formed by the treatment of medium and light particles are added with bacteria to make bacterial fertilizers. According to the difference in density and particle size of the substances contained in the sludge, the invention uses a hydrocyclone to divide the sludge into inorganic substances and organic substances with different particle sizes, and further processes them into adsorbents, fertilizers, bacterial fertilizers and metal mud. Recycle all elements of pollution. The advantages are: using different processes to treat organic substances with different particle sizes greatly improves the efficiency of decomposing organic substances, not only recovering heavy metals, but also making full use of organic and inorganic substances such as N, P, and K.

The hydrocyclone used in the present invention has no moving parts, simple structure, low cost, and large production capacity per unit volume; different processes are used to process organic matter of different particle sizes: the compound bacteria decompose the organic matter in the particles with larger particle size, and thermal hydrolysis Decompose organic matter in small particle size light particles, improve the decomposition efficiency of organic matter and reduce energy consumption. The separated product can be decomposed and recovered by the method of compound flora treatment and heat treatment; according to the physical properties of the sludge itself, hydraulic The cyclone separates the sludge, which can not only recover harmful substances such as precious metals in the sludge, but also make full use of organic and inorganic substances such as N, P, and K.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the technical roadmap of the comprehensive utilization method of sludge full components of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the sludge full-component comprehensive utilization system of the present invention;

Reference number:

1. Sludge bin; 2. Hydrocyclone; 2-1, One-stage hydrocyclone; 2-2, Two-stage hydrocyclone; 3. Bioreactor; 4. Filter press; 4-1, The first filter press; 4-2, the second filter press; 5, the thermal hydrolysis reactor; 6, the carbonization device; 7, the concentration tank; 8, the adsorbent product warehouse; 9, the fertilizer product warehouse; 10, the bacteria Seed tank; 11. Bacterial fertilizer product warehouse; 12. Metal mud treatment warehouse; 13. Conditioning tank.

Detailed ways

Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless expressly stated otherwise, may be replaced by other equivalent or alternative features serving a similar purpose. Unless stated otherwise, each feature is only one example of a series of equivalent or similar features. The description is only for helping understanding of the present invention and should not be regarded as a specific limitation of the present invention.

The present invention will be described in further detail below with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 2, a system for comprehensive utilization of all sludge components, the system includes: a sludge bin 1, a hydrocyclone 2, a bioreactor 3, a filter press 4, a thermal hydrolysis reactor 5, Carbonization device 6, concentration tank 7, adsorbent product warehouse 8, fertilizer product warehouse 9, bacterial seed tank 10, bacterial fertilizer product warehouse 11, metal mud treatment warehouse 12 and conditioning tank 13;

The hydrocyclone 2 includes a first-stage hydrocyclone 2-1 and a second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2;

The filter press 4 includes a first filter press 4-1 and a second filter press 4-2;

The discharge port of the sludge bin 1 is connected with the feed port of the first stage of the hydrocyclone 2-1, and the underflow outlet of the first stage of the hydrocyclone 2-1 is connected with the feed port of the first filter press 4-1 ; The overflow outlet of the first filter press 4-1 is connected with the feed port of the concentration tank 7, and the filter cake outlet of the first filter press 4-1 is connected with the feed port of the carbonization device 6, and the outlet of the carbonization device 6 is connected. The feeding port is connected with the feeding port of the adsorbent product bin 8;

The overflow outlet of the first-stage hydrocyclone 2-1 is connected with the feed port of the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2, and the overflow outlet of the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 is connected to the outlet of the pyrolysis reactor 5. The feed port is connected, the bottom flow outlet of the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 is connected with the feed port of the biological reaction tank 3, and the discharge port of the biological reaction tank 3 and the discharge port of the pyrolysis reactor 5 are both connected with the second The feed port of the filter press 4-2 is connected; the filtrate outlet of the second filter press 4-2 is connected to the feed port of the concentration pool 7, and the discharge port of the concentration pool 7 is connected to the feed port of the conditioning pool 13, The liquid outlet of the conditioning tank 13 is connected with the hydrocyclone 2, so that the liquid is returned to the hydrocyclone 2 for recycling, and the solid outlet of the conditioning tank 13 is connected with the feed port of the metal mud treatment bin 12;

The filter cake outlet of the second filter press 4-2 is connected to the fertilizer product bin 9, the bacterial feed inlet of the fertilizer product bin 9 is connected to the discharge outlet of the bacterial species tank 10, and the discharge outlet of the fertilizer product bin 9 is connected to the outlet of the bacterial species tank 10. The feed port of the bacterial fertilizer product bin 11 is connected.

The first-stage hydrocyclone and the second-stage hydrocyclone are used in series; the diameter of the first-stage hydrocyclone is 200-300mm, and the cone angle is 20-30°; the diameter of the second-stage hydrocyclone is 50-150mm, and the cone angle is 10° -15°.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 1, a method for comprehensive utilization of all components of sludge based on the system described in Example 1, the method includes the following steps:

1) The sludge is pumped from the sludge silo 1 to the first stage of the hydrocyclone 2-1. After being separated by the first stage of the hydrocyclone 2-1, the underflow of heavy particulate matter is pumped into the first filter press 4-1. The filtrate of a filter press 4-1 is passed into the concentration tank 7, the filter cake enters the carbonization device 6, and after the carbonization treatment, it enters the adsorbent product bin 8 as an adsorbent;

2) The overflow of the first-stage hydrocyclone 2-1 flows to the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 for reprocessing, and the light particulate matter separated by the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 overflows into the thermal hydrolysis reactor 5 , adding additives to carry out thermal hydrolysis, the material obtained from thermal hydrolysis enters the second filter press 4-2 for filtration, the filtrate enters the concentration tank 7, and after concentration enters the conditioning tank 13 for biochemical conditioning, the liquid is returned to the cyclone 2 for recycling, The solid matter enters the metal mud treatment bin 12 to recycle the metal mud; the filter cake filtered by the second filter press 4-2 enters the fertilizer product bin 9, adds the bacteria in the bacterial strain tank 10, and the obtained bacterial fertilizer enters the bacterial fertilizer product bin 11 ;

3) The underflow of medium particulate matter separated by the second-stage hydrocyclone 2-2 enters the biological reaction tank 3 and adds compound bacteria to carry out reaction treatment, and the reaction product enters the second filter press 4-2 for filtration; the filtrate enters the concentration tank 7, After concentration, it enters the conditioning tank 13 for biochemical conditioning, the liquid is returned to the cyclone 2 for recycling, and the solid material enters the metal mud treatment bin 12 to recycle the metal mud; the filter cake filtered by the second filter press 4-2 enters the fertilizer product bin 9 , add the bacteria in the bacterial culture tank 10, and the obtained bacterial fertilizer enters the bacterial fertilizer product warehouse 11.

In the step 1), the carbonization temperature in the carbonization device 6 is 180°C-300°C, and the carbonization time is 2h-4h.

In the step 2), the thermal hydrolysis temperature of the thermal hydrolysis reactor 5 is 150°C-250°C, and the time is 2h-4h.

In the step 2), the additive is an ammonium salt.

In the step 3), the added complex flora is Thiobacillus acidophilus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus acidophilus ferrooxidans, and the inoculation rate of the complex flora is 10%-20%.

In steps 2) and 3), according to the difference of different types of heavy metals in different sludges, by adjusting temperature, pH, electrochemical environment, or adding microorganisms to accelerate their reduction, etc., the heavy metals are formed into metal compounds (complexes) or metal elements, Metal sludge is formed for recycling.

Example 3

Taken from municipal sludge in a certain area of Beijing, chemical multi-element analysis is as follows: Taken from municipal sludge in a certain area of Beijing, chemical multi-element analysis is as follows:

The selected municipal sludge has high water content, pH is 6.59, water content is 90%, and it is rich in heavy metals such as N, P, K and Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn.

Based on the system of Example 1 and the method of Example 2, a certain mass of sludge was weighed and slurried, pumped into a hydrocyclone, and classified to obtain 35% heavy particulate matter, 35% medium particulate matter, and 30% light particulate matter. substance. After the heavy particulate matter was filtered, it was carbonized at 180 °C for 4 hours. After carbonization, the solid was processed into an adsorbent, and the filtrate was passed into the concentration tank; Thiobacillus acidophilus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus acidophilus ferrooxidans were added to the medium particles in a ratio of 3:1. After filtering, the filtrate is passed into the concentration tank, and the filter residue is added to the bacteria for subsequent processing into bacterial fertilizer; ammonium chloride is added as an additive to the light particulate matter, thermally hydrolyzed at 150 °C, the filtrate is passed into the concentration tank, and the filter residue Bacteria are added to make bacterial fertilizer; the filtrate is concentrated in the concentration tank and then subjected to biochemical conditioning, and by adjusting the pH, the microorganisms are directly reduced to obtain metal compounds (complexes) such as Zn, Cu, Mg, and metal elements and other precipitations.

In the experiment, the COD in the filtrate was low, and the organic matter was fully decomposed. The organic matter content in the final bacterial fertilizer was 30%, the moisture was 20%, the Cr content was 131 mg/Kg, and the Cd content was 8.6 mg/kg, which was in line with the production of compound bacteria. Fertilizer production standards; it is measured that the Zn content in the water removed from heavy metals is 3.2 mg/l, the Cu content is 2.1 mg/l, the Pb content is 0.9 mg/l, and the Cr content is 1.1 mg/l, and the heavy metal content in the water is lower than the national standard, and the resulting heavy metals can be recycled.

Example 4

Taken from the metallurgical steel mixed sludge in a certain area, the chemical multi-element analysis is as follows:

The selected industrial sludge is metallurgical iron and steel sludge, with pH=6.32, moisture content of 78%, and high content of heavy metals such as Cu, Zn, and Pb. Different from other sludges, iron and steel metallurgical mixed sludge has high Fe content.

Based on the system of Example 1 and the method of Example 2, a certain amount of sludge was weighed, and after adding a certain proportion of water for slurry treatment, it was pumped into a hydrocyclone, and graded to obtain 25% heavy particulate matter, 35% % Medium Particulate Matter, 40% Light Particulate Matter. After the heavy particulate matter was filtered, it was carbonized at 200 °C for 3.5 hours. After carbonization, the solid was processed into an adsorbent, and the filtrate was passed into the concentration tank; The granular product is treated with compound bacteria. After filtration, the filtrate is passed into the concentration tank, and the filter residue is added to the bacterial agent for subsequent processing into bacterial fertilizer; ammonium chloride is added as an additive to the light particulate matter product, thermally hydrolyzed at 200 °C, and the filtrate is filtered after passing through. Into the concentration tank, the filter residue is added with bacterial agent to make bacterial fertilizer; after the filtrate is concentrated in the concentration tank, biochemical conditioning is carried out, and metal compounds (complexes) and metal elements such as Zn, Cu, PB, etc. are obtained by adjusting pH and biochemical conditioning. Wait for precipitation.

In the experiment, the organic matter content of the obtained bacterial fertilizer was 27%, the moisture content was 21%, the cfu was 0.52 billion/g, and P80 mg/kg, which was in line with the national standard for compound bacterial fertilizer; the adsorbent was tested for adsorption performance and compounded the industry standard; the recovery rate of iron in the metal mud was 75%, Zn content is 2.9mg/l, Cu content is 1.9mg/l, Pb content is 0.75mg/l, As content is 0.4%, wastewater can be fully utilized or discharged, and metals are recycled.

Example 5

Taken from electroplating sludge in a certain area, the chemical multi-element analysis is as follows:

The selected industrial sludge is electroplating sludge, pH=7.99, moisture content 80%, low Cd and Pb content, Zn, Cu, Cr content far exceeding the national standard value, N, P, K, S and other nutrient elements content are relatively low. Low.

Based on the system of Example 1 and the method of Example 2, a certain amount of sludge was weighed, and after adding a certain proportion of water for slurry treatment, it was pumped into a hydrocyclone, and classified to obtain 15% heavy particulate matter, 45% % Medium Particulate Matter, 40% Light Particulate Matter. After the heavy particulate matter was filtered, it was carbonized at 250 °C for 3 hours. After carbonization, the solid was processed into an adsorbent, and the filtrate was passed into the concentration tank; Thiobacillus acidophilus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus acidophilus ferrooxidans were added to the medium particles in a ratio of 4:1. The product is treated with complex flora, and the filtrate is passed into the concentration tank after filtration, and the filter residue is added to the bacterial agent for subsequent processing into bacterial fertilizer; ammonium chloride is added as an additive to the light particulate matter product, thermally hydrolyzed at 250 °C, and filtered and passed into the filtrate. In the concentration tank, the filter residue is added with bacterial agent to make bacterial fertilizer; after the filtrate is concentrated in the concentration tank, biochemical conditioning is carried out. Through pH adjustment and biochemical conditioning, metal compounds (complexes) such as Zn, Cu, Cr, Sn, and other metal elements are obtained. precipitation.

The content of organic matter in the electroplating sludge is relatively low. After the treatment of compound bacteria, the COD in the filtrate is small. The organic matter content of the obtained bacterial fertilizer is 25.2%, the moisture content is 20.5%, the cfu is 0.48 billion/g, and the Cr content is 120 mg/kg; the obtained metal The recovery rate of Al in the sludge is 75%, which can be processed and reused after separation; the Cu content with higher content in the sludge is 2.6% after treatment, and the content of CR is 1.3%, which is in line with the national standard.

Example 6

Taken from chemical sludge in a certain area, the water content of sludge after chemical wastewater treatment is also high, ranging from 70% to 98% or even higher. Before dehydration, it is usually fluid or gelatinous, with fine particles and specific gravity close to 1. The sludge composition is complex, and chemical sludge contains a large number of toxic substances such as pathogenic microorganisms, bacteria, synthetic organic matter and heavy metal ions. Usually its solid components are mainly organic debris, microbial cells, inorganic particles and colloids.

Based on the system of Example 1 and the method of Example 2, a certain amount of sludge was weighed, and after adding a certain proportion of water for slurry treatment, it was pumped into a hydrocyclone, and graded to obtain 25% heavy particulate matter, 50 % Medium Particulate Matter, 25% Light Particulate Matter. After the heavy particulate matter was filtered, it was carbonized at 300 °C for 2 hours. After carbonization, the solid was processed into an adsorbent, and the filtrate was passed into the concentration tank; Thiobacillus acidophilus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus acidophilus ferrooxidans were added to the medium particles in a ratio of 2:1. The product is treated with compound bacteria, the filtrate is passed into the concentration tank after filtration, and the filter residue is added to the bacterial agent for subsequent processing into bacterial fertilizer; ammonium chloride is added as an additive to the light particulate matter product, thermally hydrolyzed at 200 °C, and filtered and passed into the filtrate. In the concentration tank, the filter residue is added with bacterial agent to make bacterial fertilizer; after the filtrate is concentrated in the concentration tank, biochemical conditioning is carried out.

In the experiment, the content of organic compounds in the sludge was reduced after the compound bacterial flora treated the particles, and was decomposed into small organic molecules that could be used. The heavy metal ions in the mud are enriched and recovered.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that any modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solutions of the present invention will not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should be included in the present invention. within the scope of the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A sludge full-component comprehensive utilization system is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a sludge bin (1), a hydrocyclone (2), a bioreactor (3), a filter press (4), a pyrohydrolysis reactor (5), a carbonization device (6), a concentration tank (7), an adsorbent product bin (8), a fertilizer product bin (9), a strain tank (10), a bacterial manure product bin (11), a metal sludge treatment bin (12) and a conditioning tank (13);

the hydrocyclones (2) comprise a first-stage hydrocyclone (2-1) and a second-stage hydrocyclone (2-2);

the filter press (4) comprises a first filter press (4-1) and a second filter press (4-2);

the discharge hole of the sludge bin (1) is connected with the feed inlet of the first section of hydrocyclone (2-1), and the underflow outlet of the first section of hydrocyclone (2-1) is connected with the feed inlet of the first filter press (4-1); an overflow outlet of the first filter press (4-1) is connected with a feed inlet of the concentration tank (7), a filter cake outlet of the first filter press (4-1) is connected with a feed inlet of the carbonization device (6), and a discharge outlet of the carbonization device (6) is connected with a feed inlet of the adsorbent product bin (8);

an overflow outlet of the first-stage hydrocyclone (2-1) is connected with a feeding hole of the second-stage hydrocyclone (2-2), an overflow outlet of the second-stage hydrocyclone (2-2) is connected with a feeding hole of a pyrohydrolysis reactor (5), an underflow outlet of the second-stage hydrocyclone (2-2) is connected with a feeding hole of a bioreactor (3), and a discharging hole of the bioreactor (3) and a discharging hole of the pyrohydrolysis reactor (5) are both connected with a feeding hole of a second filter press (4-2); a filtrate outlet of the second filter press (4-2) is connected with a feed inlet of a concentration tank (7), a discharge outlet of the concentration tank (7) is connected with a feed inlet of a conditioning tank (13), a liquid outlet of the conditioning tank (13) is connected with the hydrocyclone (2) so that liquid returns to the hydrocyclone (2) for cyclic utilization, and a solid outlet of the conditioning tank (13) is connected with a feed inlet of a metal mud treatment bin (12);

the filter cake outlet of the second filter press (4-2) is connected with a fertilizer product bin (9), the strain feed inlet of the fertilizer product bin (9) is connected with the discharge outlet of a strain tank (10), and the discharge outlet of the fertilizer product bin (9) is connected with the feed inlet of a strain fertilizer product bin (11).

2. The system for comprehensively utilizing the full components of the sludge according to claim 1, wherein a first-stage hydrocyclone and a second-stage hydrocyclone are used in series; the diameter of the first-section hydrocyclone is 200 mm and 300mm, and the placing taper angle is 20-30 degrees; the diameter of the two-stage hydrocyclone is 50-150mm, and the placing cone angle is 10-15 degrees.

3. The method for comprehensively utilizing the full components of the sludge based on the system of claim 1 comprises the following steps:

1) pumping sludge from a sludge bin (1) to a first-section hydrocyclone (2-1), separating by the first-section hydrocyclone (2-1), pumping heavy particulate matters into a first filter press (4-1) from bottom flow, introducing filtrate of the first filter press (4-1) into a concentration tank (7), introducing filter cakes into a carbonization device (6), and introducing the filter cakes into an adsorbent product bin (8) as an adsorbent after carbonization treatment;

2) the overflow of the first-stage hydrocyclone (2-1) automatically flows to a second-stage hydrocyclone (2-2) for reprocessing, light particle substances separated by the second-stage hydrocyclone (2-2) overflow into a pyrohydrolysis reactor (5), additives are added for pyrohydrolysis, substances obtained by pyrohydrolysis enter a second filter press (4-2) for filtration, filtrate enters a concentration tank (7), enters a conditioning tank (13) for biochemical conditioning after concentration, liquid returns to the hydrocyclone (2) for recycling, and solid substances enter a metal mud treatment bin (12) for recycling metal mud; the filter cake filtered by the second filter press (4-2) enters a fertilizer product bin (9), bacteria in a strain tank (10) are added, and the obtained bacterial manure enters a bacterial manure product bin (11);

3) the underflow of medium particle substances separated by the two-stage hydrocyclone (2-2) enters a bioreactor (3) and is added with a composite flora for reaction treatment, and a reaction product enters a second filter press (4-2) for filtration; the filtrate enters a concentration tank (7), after concentration, the filtrate enters a conditioning tank (13) for biochemical conditioning, the liquid returns to the hydrocyclone (2) for cyclic utilization, and the solid matter enters a metal mud treatment bin (12) for recycling metal mud; the filter cake filtered by the second filter press (4-2) enters a fertilizer product bin (9), bacteria in a strain tank (10) are added, and the obtained bacterial manure enters a bacterial manure product bin (11).

4. The comprehensive utilization method of the whole components of the sludge according to claim 3, characterized in that in the step 1), the carbonization temperature in the carbonization device (6) is 180-300 ℃, and the carbonization time is 2-4 h.

5. The method for comprehensively utilizing the full components of the sludge according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), the thermal hydrolysis temperature of the thermal hydrolysis reactor (5) is 150-250 ℃ and the time is 2-4 h.

6. The method for comprehensively utilizing the full components of the sludge according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), the additive is ammonium salt.

7. The method for comprehensively utilizing the full components of the sludge according to claim 6, wherein the ammonium salt is ammonium chloride.

8. The method for comprehensively utilizing all components of sludge according to claim 3, wherein in the step 3), the added compound flora is Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, and the ratio of the Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans to the Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is 4:1-2: 1.

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