CN108788196A - Synchronous servo electric spindle of precision numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a synchronous servo electric spindle of a precise numerical control machine tool, which comprises a spindle, a sleeve casting, a stator and a permanent magnet rare earth rotor, wherein an installation cavity is arranged in the sleeve casting; the upper surface of the sleeve casting is provided with a plurality of first cooling grooves along the main shaft arrangement direction, the lower surface of the sleeve casting is provided with a plurality of second cooling grooves along the main shaft arrangement direction, and the left side surface and the right side surface of the sleeve casting are respectively provided with a side cooling groove for communicating the first cooling grooves with the second cooling grooves; the synchronous servo electric spindle has the advantages of uniform temperature drop, high processing precision, long service life, small and practical size, low speed, large torque and more labor-saving clamping.

Description

A Synchronous Servo Electric Spindle for Precision CNC Machine Tool

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, in particular to a synchronous servo electric spindle of a precision numerical control machine tool.

Background technique

At present, in the machinery industry, in order to meet people's continuous improvement in the performance of mechanical products, the processing accuracy requirements for spare parts are also getting higher and higher. In order to be able to process more finely and more accurately in size, most of the workpieces are produced by CNC machine tools, which are also called CNC machine tools.

In CNC machine tools, servo motors or asynchronous motors are commonly used to drive the mechanical spindle through belt transmission. Due to the belt transmission, the speed is low, the vibration is large, and the belt is easy to slip and the noise is relatively large. The other is the electric spindle. The electric spindle is a technology that integrates the motor and the spindle. The rotor of the motor is the rotating part of the spindle.

At present, the asynchronous motorized spindle is commonly used. Although this type of motorized spindle overcomes the shortcomings of low speed, large vibration and high noise, it uses an asynchronous motor with a large volume, and the power consumption of the stator and rotor of the motor is large. , the efficiency is low, and in the case of the same power level, the loss of rotation is serious under the impact load, or even stalled, resulting in the inability to exert the performance of the machine tool. However, the existing electric spindle is through the sleeve casting outside the electric spindle Set up a cooling water column, and inject coolant into the cooling water column to realize the cooling of the electric spindle; since the cooling water column can only be set on both sides of the electric spindle, and cannot fully contact with the surrounding of the spindle, the problem is that the cooling is uneven and incomplete , and then the processing accuracy cannot be guaranteed, and the service life is short.

Improvements are therefore required.

Contents of the invention

In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a synchronous servo electric spindle with uniform temperature drop, high machining accuracy and long service life, so as to solve the above problems.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A synchronous servo electric spindle of a precision numerical control machine tool, including the spindle, and also includes a sleeve casting, a stator and a permanent magnet rare earth rotor. There is an installation chamber inside the sleeve casting, and the stator is installed in the installation chamber. The spindle sleeve and the stator are inside. The permanent magnet rare earth rotor is fixed on the shaft body of the main shaft, and drives the main shaft to rotate under the action of magnetic force; the upper surface of the sleeve casting is provided with several first cooling grooves along the main shaft installation direction, and the lower surface of the sleeve casting is along the main shaft installation direction Several second cooling grooves are provided, and side cooling grooves for connecting the first cooling groove and the second cooling groove are respectively provided on the left side and the right side of the sleeve casting.

In a further technical solution, the upper surface and the lower surface of the sleeve casting are respectively provided with a first cover plate and a second cover plate, the first cover plate is provided with a cooling liquid inlet, and the second cover plate is provided with a cooling liquid Export.

In a further technical solution, the end of the main shaft is provided with a workpiece clamping device drivingly connected thereto.

In a further technical solution, the workpiece clamping device includes three claws, and the included angles between two adjacent claws are the same.

In a further technical solution, the bottom of the first cooling groove is arc-shaped, and the arc is the same as the arc of the surface of the main shaft.

After adopting the above structure, the advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are: 1. The rotor of the present invention is made of permanent magnet rare earth material, and the output mode of the synchronous motor is used, so that the overall volume of the synchronous servo electric spindle is small, The stator and rotor of the motor have low power consumption and heat generation, and high efficiency; 2. The electric spindle of the present invention cancels the sleeve shell, and directly installs the spindle in the sleeve casting, reducing a layer of heat-conducting medium, and the heat dissipation effect is better; 3. The outer wall of the sleeve casting is provided with the first cooling groove, the second cooling groove and the side cooling groove for passing through the cooling liquid, which completely cover the outside of the main shaft, so that the cooling is uniform and the heat dissipation is not complete, so as to reduce the thermal error of the electric main shaft; 4. The clamping structure of three claws is adopted, which reduces the burden of the original two claws, and the clamping is more labor-saving; 5. The synchronous spindle is adopted, which has the advantages of low speed and high torque, and is also conducive to turning processing.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is an overall structural diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a partial structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The following are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and therefore do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 4, a synchronous servo electric spindle 1 of a precision numerical control machine tool includes a spindle 1, a sleeve casting 2, a stator 3 and a permanent magnet rare earth rotor 4, and the sleeve casting 2 is provided with a mounting cavity chamber, the stator 3 is installed in the installation chamber, the main shaft 1 is set in the stator 3, the permanent magnet rare earth rotor 4 is fixed on the shaft body of the main shaft 1, and drives the main shaft 1 to rotate under the action of magnetic force; the stator and the rotor of the present invention adopt The permanent magnet is made of rare earth materials, and the output mode of the synchronous motor is used, so that the overall volume of the synchronous servo electric spindle 1 is small, the power consumption and heat generation of the stator and rotor of the motor are small, and the efficiency is high.

The upper surface of the sleeve casting 2 is provided with several first cooling grooves 21 along the installation direction of the main shaft 1, and the lower surface of the sleeve casting 2 is provided with several second cooling grooves 22 along the installation direction of the main shaft 1. The left side of the sleeve casting 2 The side cooling grooves 23 for connecting the first cooling groove 21 and the second cooling groove 22 are respectively provided on the side and the right side; the upper surface and the lower surface of the sleeve casting 2 are respectively provided with a first cover plate 24 and a second Two cover plates 25, the first cover plate 24 is provided with a cooling liquid inlet, and the second cover plate 25 is provided with a cooling liquid outlet; the outer wall of the sleeve casting 2 is provided with a first cooling groove 21 for passing into the cooling liquid 1. The second cooling groove 22 and the side cooling groove 23 completely cover the outside of the main shaft 1, so that the cooling is uniform and the heat dissipation is not complete, so as to reduce the thermal error of the electric main shaft 1.

When in use, a water-cooling unit for circulating and supplying cooling water is provided outside the synchronous servo electric spindle 1, and is connected to the cooling liquid inlet and cooling liquid outlet through pipes, and the cooling liquid is continuously delivered to the inner wall of the casing casting In this process, the cooling water circulates among the first cooling tank 21 , the second cooling tank 22 and the side cooling tank 23 to cool down the main shaft 1 .

In this solution, the end of the main shaft 1 is provided with a workpiece clamping device 11 drivingly connected thereto. The workpiece clamping device 11 includes three claws 12, and the angle between two adjacent claws 12 is Same; the general tool clamping head place all is to adopt two pulling claws 12, when two pulling claws 12 clamp workpiece, the load of each pulling claw 12 is big, so the service life of pulling claw 12 is short; The present invention adopts three The claw 12 structure, by adding a claw 12, forms a stable triangular grasping structure, shares the force borne by the other two claws 12, reduces the load, and thus improves the service life of the claw 12.

In this solution, the groove bottom of the first cooling groove 21 is arc-shaped, and the curvature is the same as the surface curvature of the main shaft 1, so that the first cooling groove 21 and the second cooling groove 22 are in better contact with the main shaft 1, further improving cooling effect.

The above content is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. limits.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of synchronous servo electro spindle of precise numerical control machine, including main shaft, it is characterised in that：Further include sleeve casting, fixed Son and permanent magnetism rare-earth rotor, sleeve casting is interior to be equipped with an installation chamber, and stator is installed on installation chamber, spindle set and stator Interior, permanent magnetism rare-earth rotor is fixed at the axle body of main shaft, and drives main axis under magneticaction；Sleeve casting Upper surface is equipped with several first cooling baths along main shaft setting direction, and the lower surface of sleeve casting is equipped with several along main shaft setting direction The structure of second cooling bath, the first cooling bath and the second cooling bath is identical, and the left side and right side of sleeve casting are respectively equipped with Side cooling bath for the first cooling bath and the second cooling bath to be connected to.

2. a kind of synchronous servo electro spindle of precise numerical control machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The sleeve The upper and lower surface of casting is respectively equipped with the first cover board and the second cover board, and the first cover board is equipped with coolant inlet, the Two cover boards are equipped with cooling liquid outlet.

3. a kind of synchronous servo electro spindle of precise numerical control machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The main shaft End be equipped with the work holder that is drivingly connected therewith.

4. a kind of synchronous servo electro spindle of precise numerical control machine according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The workpiece Clamping device includes three pusher dogs, and the angle between two adjacent pusher dogs is identical.

5. a kind of synchronous servo electro spindle of precise numerical control machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described first The slot bottom arc of cooling bath, radian are identical as the main shaft surface radian.