CN108784646B - Auxiliary focusing cylinder and focusing distance auxiliary selection system and method - Google Patents
Auxiliary focusing cylinder and focusing distance auxiliary selection system and method Download PDFInfo
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- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
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Abstract
The invention relates to an auxiliary focusing cylinder, a focusing distance auxiliary selecting system and a focusing distance auxiliary selecting method, wherein the auxiliary focusing cylinder comprises a cylinder body with two open ends and a through inside, the inner cavity of the cylinder body between the openings at the two ends of the cylinder body is in a horn shape with the tail end contracted and the head end enlarged, and an auxiliary focusing spiral ring is connected to the cavity wall of the inner cavity. The auxiliary focusing cylinder can be used independently, so that the system does not support intelligent mobile phones such as android and the like with the specified focal length manually focused by third-party software, equivalent functions (the auxiliary focusing spiral ring continuously extends in the length direction of the cylinder body, and the equivalent functions of manual focusing can be realized by selecting different convex blocks on the auxiliary focusing spiral ring), and the image quality of a plurality of digital imaging technologies using the intelligent mobile phones is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ophthalmic medical instruments, in particular to an auxiliary focusing cylinder and an auxiliary focusing distance selecting system and method.
Background
The portion of the eye that is visible through the pupil, the inner lining of the eyeball, includes the retina, optic disc, and macula. This term also includes Bruch's membrane and choroid due to the transparency of the retina. The fundus is the only part of the human body that can directly see the microcirculation of the blood circulation. Diseases of the fundus including those of the retina, optic disc and choroid are commonly referred to as fundus disease. Many ocular fundus diseases are closely related to changes in the vitreous, and therefore, vitreous lesions are also included.
Previously, doctors observe the condition of ocular fundus lesions of patients through a traditional direct ophthalmoscope, comprising an illumination system and an observation system, the basic principle of the system is that light rays are projected into eyes of the examinee through pupils of the examinee by utilizing an ophthalmoscope, and then the light rays reflected by the ocular fundus of the examinee are imaged in the eyes of the examinee. The traditional direct ophthalmoscope has no shooting and recording function, and different doctors have great subjectivity on eyeground diseases of patients, and can not form visual medical record management. If the fundus image is required to be taken by a fixed instrument, the fundus image is inconvenient for a special patient.
With the enhancement of the performance of the camera module of the smart phone, the digital imaging device based on the smart phone gradually obtains the acceptance of professional users. The most representative fields of application include ambulatory medical techniques, such as for capturing high magnification images under a microscope and fundus images in combination with indirect inspection mirrors. For digital indirect ophthalmoscopes based on smart phones, not only has the academic community gained acceptance over the past few years, but also commercial products have emerged. The applicant has also previously proposed a patent application for a fundus shooting stand for a mobile phone.
In a fixed or more stable shooting scene, the shooting assembly generally determines an optimal imaging plane by adjusting the relative distance between a lens and a photosensitive element, and when a real image formed by the lens is in the optimal imaging plane, the quality of an image obtained by the camera is highest; when the front and rear are offset, the image may be blurred. Considering that the focal length and the optimal imaging plane are in one-to-one correspondence in the same optical system, the focal length can also be used to refer to the optimal imaging plane position.
However, for the most common android or other types of mobile phones, the stable effect cannot be ensured by the scheme, and the technical reason is that the manual adjustment of the focal length of the mobile phone cannot be realized through most mobile phone operating systems, so that an accurate manual focusing function cannot be directly realized through software. Most smart phone camera modules support only auto-focus functions and not manual focus.
For many needs to be focused accurately and is easy to be interfered by low automatic focusing speed, light reflection, hand shake and the like of a mobile phone, the accurate and clear shooting requirement is difficult to achieve. Therefore, how to quickly match with a mobile phone to perform clear fundus shooting becomes a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: an auxiliary focusing cylinder, and a focusing distance auxiliary selection system and method which are matched with the auxiliary focusing cylinder and can indirectly realize manual adjustment of a focal length of a mobile phone are provided.
The technical scheme (one) provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: an auxiliary focusing cylinder comprises a cylinder body with two open ends and a through inside, wherein the front end opening of the cylinder body is used for being connected with an imaging lens, and the tail end opening of the cylinder body is used for allowing light to pass through;
the inner cavity of the cylinder body between the openings at the two ends of the cylinder body is in a horn shape with the tail end contracted and the head end enlarged, and the wall of the inner cavity is connected with an auxiliary focusing spiral ring;
The auxiliary focusing spiral ring is formed by splicing a plurality of sections of protruding blocks in a spiral step shape, and the end parts of the protruding blocks extend inwards along the radial direction of the cylinder body horizontally.
Further, each section of the convex blocks is provided with auxiliary focusing textures at the top surface of the convex blocks facing the tail end direction of the cylinder.
Further, the novel barrel comprises a fixing frame, the shape of the outer wall of the fixing frame is matched with the shape of the cavity wall, the plurality of blocks of the spiral stepped spliced convex blocks are connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame, and the fixing frame is used for being embedded in the inner cavity of the barrel.
Further, the fixing frame is composed of a C-shaped bottom edge, a C-shaped top edge and a supporting plate connected between the C-shaped bottom edge and the C-shaped top edge, wherein the C-shaped bottom edge, the C-shaped top edge and the supporting plate are made of elastic materials;
the front end of the cavity wall is also provided with an annular flange for forming blocking limit for the C-shaped bottom edge.
Furthermore, internal threads are tapped in the front end opening and the tail end opening of the cylinder.
The technical scheme (II) provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a focusing distance auxiliary selection system is used for outputting central coordinates and size information of a certain target focusing area on an auxiliary focusing spiral ring in the technical scheme (I) to a focusing control module of a mobile phone according to control information input by a user.
Further, the device comprises an auxiliary focusing spiral ring identification and determination module, which is suitable for positioning the color feature of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring according to the current preview image acquired by the CMOS sensor of the mobile phone, and measuring the central position coordinate (x 0,y0), the inner diameter r i pixel and the outer diameter r o pixel by taking the pixel as a unit, wherein the average value r of the inner diameter and the outer diameter is r= (r i+ro)/2, and the starting angle theta and the ending angle-theta of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring;
a virtual focus user input module adapted to receive a value of a virtual focus p input by a user;
A focusing area calculating module, adapted to calculate the area center angle phi and the center coordinate (x p,yp) of the target focusing area according to the following formulas,
Φ＝p(360°-2θ)+θ
xp＝x0+r·sinΦ
yp＝y0-r·cosΦ；
And the focusing information output module is suitable for outputting the information of the central coordinate (x p,yp) of the target focusing area to the focusing control module of the mobile phone.
Further, the virtual focus user input module comprises a slider type numerical value input port for always displaying on a touch screen of the mobile phone.
The technical scheme (III) provided by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a focus distance auxiliary selection method comprises the following steps:
Positioning the color characteristic of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring according to the current preview image acquired by the CMOS sensor of the mobile phone, and measuring the central position coordinate (x 0,y0), the inner diameter r i pixel and the outer diameter r o pixel by taking the pixel as a unit, wherein the average value r of the inner diameter and the outer diameter is r= (r i+ro)/2, and the starting angle theta and the ending angle-theta of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring;
Receiving a value of a virtual focal length p input by a user;
The region center angle phi and the center coordinates (x p,yp) of the target focusing region are calculated respectively according to the following formulas,
Φ＝p(360°-2θ)+θ
xp＝x0+r·sinΦ
yp＝y0-r·cosΦ；
And outputting the information of the central coordinate (x p,yp) of the target focusing area to a focusing control module of the mobile phone.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The auxiliary focusing cylinder can be used independently, so that the system does not support intelligent mobile phones such as android and the like with the specified focal length manually focused by third-party software, equivalent functions (the auxiliary focusing spiral ring continuously extends in the length direction of the cylinder body, and the equivalent functions of manual focusing can be realized by selecting different convex blocks on the auxiliary focusing spiral ring), and the image quality of a plurality of digital imaging technologies using the intelligent mobile phones is obviously improved.
In addition, the auxiliary focusing cylinder can be used in combination with the system and the method in the technical scheme (II) or (III), and a user does not need to click an auxiliary focusing ring in a preview picture, and only needs to input a virtual focal length in a sliding block mode. This allows the aforementioned manual focus to still be used properly when the picture is digitally enlarged causing the focus ring to go beyond the preview field of view.
Drawings
The auxiliary focusing barrel and the auxiliary focusing distance selecting system and method of the present invention are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an auxiliary focusing barrel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an auxiliary focusing barrel according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structural cross-sectional view of the cartridge;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view (longitudinal direction) of the structure of the fixing frame and the auxiliary focusing spiral ring;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view (transverse) of the structure of the fixing frame and the auxiliary focusing screw ring;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the auxiliary focus screw loop in the field of view of the camera;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the auxiliary focusing barrel of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention after identifying a current preview image;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of focus determination by a focus control module;
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram showing a case where the focus point is out of view after the current picture is enlarged.
Detailed Description
Example 1
According to fig. 1, the auxiliary focusing barrel of the present invention comprises a barrel 1 with two open ends and penetrating inside, wherein the front opening of the barrel 1 is used for connecting an imaging lens 99, and the rear opening of the barrel 1 is used for passing light.
As shown in fig. 3, the inner cavity of the cylinder 1 between the openings at the two ends is in a horn shape with the tail end contracted and the head end enlarged. As shown in fig. 2, an auxiliary focusing spiral ring 2 is connected to the wall of the inner cavity.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the auxiliary focusing spiral ring 2 is formed by splicing a plurality of sections of protruding blocks 2-1 in a spiral step shape, and the end parts of the protruding blocks 2-1 extend inwards along the radial direction of the cylinder body 1 horizontally. As shown in fig. 6, each of the projections 2-1 is provided with an auxiliary focusing texture 2-2 at its top surface toward the trailing end direction of the barrel 1. The auxiliary focusing texture 2-2 can ensure the sharpness of an image formed by a focusing ring, and is convenient for accurately judging the focusing distance and identifying the edge of the image during automatic focusing. Among them, it may be preferable that: the auxiliary focusing spiral ring 2 is a single-turn type, that is, the starting end and the ending end of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring have no overlapping section in the projection direction, and a gap can be manually arranged between the starting end and the ending end.
In addition, in order to reduce the production difficulty, it can be preferable that: as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the device further comprises a fixing frame 3, the shape of the outer wall of the fixing frame 3 is matched with the shape of the cavity wall, a plurality of spiral step-shaped spliced convex blocks 2-1 are connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame 3, and the fixing frame 3 is used for being inserted into the cavity of the cylinder body 1.
After the independent production of the fixing frame 3, the produced fixing frame 3 accessory is further convenient to assemble in from the front end opening of the cylinder body 1, and the implementation of manually arranging a notch in cooperation with the above can be regarded as preferable: the fixing frame 3 is composed of a C-shaped bottom edge 3-1, a C-shaped top edge 3-2 and a supporting plate 3-3 connected between the C-shaped bottom edge 3-1 and the C-shaped top edge 3-2, wherein the C-shaped bottom edge 3-1, the C-shaped top edge 3-2 and the supporting plate 3-3 are made of elastic materials. When in assembly, the fixing frame 3 is firstly applied with a closing force to reduce the diameter of the fixing frame, and then the fixing frame is plugged into the front end opening of the cylinder body 1. In order to prevent the fixing frame 3 from slipping out of the front end opening of the cylinder body 1, an annular flange for forming a blocking limit for the C-shaped bottom edge 3-1 can be arranged at the front end of the cavity wall.
In order to reduce random reflection of light on the inner wall of the barrel and to facilitate connection of the imaging lens 99 and the photographing device, internal threads may be tapped into both the front opening and the rear opening of the barrel 1.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the auxiliary focusing barrel in this embodiment is connected to a photographing device (such as a mobile phone, but may also be other miniaturized devices with photographing function, such as GOPRO moving cameras, etc.) through an auxiliary connection device, and a camera module CAM of the photographing device is located in or opposite to the rear end opening of the barrel 1. As shown in fig. 6, the complete auxiliary focus spiral ring 2 and the object image located within the auxiliary focus spiral ring 2 can be seen on the live view screen of the photographing device. By initially selecting the focus point X as a suitable bump on the secondary focus screw ring 2 (e.g., a bump at the upper left corner in fig. 6) to fix the lens position from moving, a quick focus is enabled since the bump 2-1 is at a constant distance from the CAM and has a clearly identifiable secondary focus texture 2-2 thereon. The user then moves the distance between the auxiliary focusing cylinder and the object a back and forth by holding the hand and tries to make the object imaged a 'on the other side of the imaging lens 99 and the bump 2-1 lie in the same plane X that can be clearly imaged (the lens has been adjusted to the optimal position with respect to the plane), at which time the image a' of the object a can be clearly imaged by the photosensitive element, and at this time presses the photographing button to obtain a clearly focused picture file.
Because the lens is moved to a proper position and fixed through the 'pre-focusing' of the convex block 2-1, once the moment capable of clearly imaging is found in the process of finely adjusting the distance between the front end of the auxiliary focusing cylinder and an object, a shooting button can be timely pressed down to avoid slow focusing action and shaking to lose the good effect, and the film forming rate is increased.
Example two
The present embodiment is further perfected for improving the convenience and practicality of use of the auxiliary focusing cylinder based on the first embodiment, when the user wants to directly input the virtual focal length or when it is difficult to directly select the focusing point X on a suitable bump on the auxiliary focusing spiral ring 2.
The present embodiment relates to a focus distance auxiliary selection system and a focus distance auxiliary selection method.
A focusing distance auxiliary selecting system comprises an auxiliary focusing cylinder in the first embodiment and a focusing point selecting unit.
The focusing point selection unit is used for outputting a target focusing area center coordinate which corresponds to the control parameter and is positioned on the auxiliary focusing spiral ring to a focusing control module of the mobile phone according to the control parameter input by a user.
The focusing point selecting unit specifically includes:
The auxiliary focusing spiral ring identification determining module is suitable for positioning the auxiliary focusing spiral ring according to a current preview image acquired by a mobile phone CMOS sensor, as shown in fig. 8, by utilizing preset color characteristics (such as black and the like with a color with determined contrast with a shooting target object) of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring, and measuring center position coordinates (x 0,y0), inner diameter r i pixels and outer diameter r o pixels by taking pixels as units, wherein the average value r of the inner diameter and the outer diameter is r= (r i+ro)/2, and the starting angle theta and the ending angle-theta of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring.
A virtual focus user input module adapted to receive a value of a virtual focus p entered by a user.
A focusing area calculating module, adapted to calculate the area center angle phi and the center coordinate (x p,yp) of the target focusing area according to the following formulas,
Φ＝p(360°-2θ)+θ
xp＝x0+r·sinΦ
yp＝y0-r·cosΦ。
And the focusing information output module is suitable for outputting the information of the central coordinate (x p,yp) of the target focusing area to the focusing control module of the mobile phone. As shown in fig. 9, the focus control module performs focus control on the camera according to the obtained information.
It may be preferable that: the virtual focus user input module has a slider type numerical input port (not shown in the figure) always displayed on the touch screen of the mobile phone.
It is worth mentioning that: some users tend to be accustomed to selecting the focus in a direct click screen manner, but because the size of the mobile phone screen is limited, as shown in fig. 10, the auxiliary focus spiral ring tends not to be displayed entirely when the screen is enlarged, and thus the user cannot click the part of the auxiliary focus spiral ring beyond the screen. At this time, the virtual focal length to be input can be slidingly selected through a sliding block type numerical input port always displayed on the touch screen of the mobile phone, and the focal length can be intuitively (manually) adjusted through sliding the sliding block.
The focusing distance auxiliary selection method included in the system comprises the following steps of:
According to the current preview image acquired by the CMOS sensor of the mobile phone, the current preview image is positioned by utilizing the preset color characteristic of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring, and the central position coordinate (x 0,y0), the inner diameter r i pixel and the outer diameter r o pixel are measured by taking pixels as units, wherein the average value r of the inner diameter and the outer diameter is r= (r i+ro)/2, and the starting angle theta and the ending angle-theta of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring.
A value of the virtual focal length p entered by the user is received.
The region center angle phi and the center coordinates (x p,yp) of the target focusing region are calculated respectively according to the following formulas,
Φ＝p(360°-2θ)+θ
xp＝x0+r·sinΦ
yp＝y0-r·cosΦ；
And outputting the information of the central coordinate (x p,yp) of the target focusing area to a focusing control module of the mobile phone.
The technical solutions of the above embodiments of the present invention can be cross-combined with each other to form a new technical solution, and in addition, all technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An auxiliary focusing cylinder which is characterized in that: the imaging lens comprises a barrel with two open ends and a through inside, wherein the front opening of the barrel is used for being connected with the imaging lens, and the tail opening of the barrel is used for allowing light to pass through;
the inner cavity of the cylinder body between the openings at the two ends of the cylinder body is in a horn shape with the tail end contracted and the head end enlarged, and the wall of the inner cavity is connected with an auxiliary focusing spiral ring;
the auxiliary focusing spiral ring is formed by splicing a plurality of sections of protruding blocks in a spiral step shape, one end part of each protruding block horizontally and inwards extends along the radial direction of the cylinder body,
Each section of the convex blocks is provided with auxiliary focusing textures at the top surface of the convex blocks facing the tail end direction of the cylinder body,
The novel barrel comprises a barrel body, and is characterized by further comprising a fixing frame, wherein the shape of the outer wall of the fixing frame is matched with the shape of the cavity wall, a plurality of spiral step-shaped spliced convex blocks are connected to the inner wall of the fixing frame, and the fixing frame is used for being embedded in the inner cavity of the barrel body.
2. The auxiliary focusing barrel of claim 1, wherein: the fixing frame is composed of a C-shaped bottom edge, a C-shaped top edge and a supporting plate connected between the C-shaped bottom edge and the C-shaped top edge, and the C-shaped bottom edge, the C-shaped top edge and the supporting plate are made of elastic materials;
the front end of the cavity wall is also provided with an annular flange for forming blocking limit for the C-shaped bottom edge.
3. The auxiliary focusing barrel of claim 1, wherein: internal threads are tapped in the front end opening and the tail end opening of the cylinder.
4. A focus distance auxiliary selection system, characterized in that: comprises an auxiliary focusing cylinder and a focusing point selection unit,
The auxiliary focusing cylinder comprises
The front end opening of the cylinder is used for being connected with an imaging lens, and the tail end opening of the cylinder is used for allowing light to pass through;
the inner cavity of the cylinder body between the openings at the two ends of the cylinder body is in a horn shape with the tail end contracted and the head end enlarged, and the wall of the inner cavity is connected with an auxiliary focusing spiral ring;
the auxiliary focusing spiral ring is formed by splicing a plurality of sections of protruding blocks in a spiral step shape, and one end part of each protruding block horizontally and inwards extends along the radial direction of the cylinder body;
the focusing point selection unit
The focusing control module is used for outputting the center coordinates of the target focusing area which corresponds to the control parameters and is positioned on the auxiliary focusing spiral ring to the focusing control module of the mobile phone according to the control parameters input by the user,
The focusing point selection unit comprises
The auxiliary focusing spiral ring identification and determination module is suitable for positioning the auxiliary focusing spiral ring according to a current preview image acquired by a mobile phone CMOS sensor by utilizing preset color characteristics of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring, and measuring central position coordinates (x 0, y 0), inner diameter ri pixels and outer diameter ro pixels by taking pixels as units, wherein the average value r of the inner diameter r and the outer diameter r is r= (ri+ro)/2, and the starting angle theta and the ending angle-theta of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring;
a virtual focus user input module adapted to receive a value of a virtual focus p input by a user;
A focusing region calculating module adapted to calculate a region center angle phi and a center coordinate (xp, yp) of the target focusing region respectively according to the following formulas,
Φ＝p(360°-2θ)+θ
xp＝x0+r·sinΦ
yp＝y0-r·cosΦ；
And the focusing information output module is suitable for outputting the information of the central coordinates (xp, yp) of the target focusing area to the focusing control module of the mobile phone.
5. The focus distance auxiliary selection system according to claim 4, wherein: the virtual focal length user input module is provided with a sliding block type numerical value input port which is always displayed on a touch screen of the mobile phone.
6. A focus distance auxiliary selection method based on the auxiliary focusing barrel of claim 1, comprising the following characteristic steps:
Positioning the current preview image acquired by a mobile phone CMOS sensor by utilizing the preset color characteristic of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring, and measuring the central position coordinate (x 0,y0), the inner diameter r i pixel and the outer diameter r o pixel by taking pixels as units, wherein the average value r of the inner diameter and the outer diameter is r= (r i+ro)/2, and the starting angle theta and the ending angle-theta of the auxiliary focusing spiral ring;
the auxiliary focusing spiral ring is formed by splicing a plurality of sections of protruding blocks in a spiral step shape, one end part of each protruding block horizontally and inwards extends along the radial direction of the cylinder body,
Receiving a value of a virtual focal length p input by a user;
the region center angle phi and the center coordinate (x p,yp) of the target focusing region are calculated according to the following formula, wherein phi=p (360 ° -2 θ) +θ
xp＝x0+r·sinΦ
yp＝y0-r·cosΦ；
And outputting the information of the central coordinate (x p,yp) of the target focusing area to a focusing control module of the mobile phone.
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