CN108773997B - Production process of basalt chopped fibers - Google Patents
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- CN108773997B CN108773997B CN201810522485.9A CN201810522485A CN108773997B CN 108773997 B CN108773997 B CN 108773997B CN 201810522485 A CN201810522485 A CN 201810522485A CN 108773997 B CN108773997 B CN 108773997B
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 110
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 4
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phytic acid Natural products OP(O)(=O)OC1C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C(OP(O)(O)=O)C1OP(O)(O)=O IMQLKJBTEOYOSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MRUAUOIMASANKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cocamidopropyl betaine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCC[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O MRUAUOIMASANKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940073507 cocamidopropyl betaine Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940068041 phytic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000002949 phytic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000467 phytic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 phytic acid ester Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012784 inorganic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000003251 Pruritus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000629 Rh alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006253 high performance fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum rhodium Chemical compound [Rh].[Pt] PXXKQOPKNFECSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/08—Bushings, e.g. construction, bushing reinforcement means; Spinnerettes; Nozzles; Nozzle plates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/06—Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a fiber production process, in particular to a basalt chopped fiber production process. The production process not only reduces the electric energy consumption, improves the production environment and greatly reduces the production cost, but also can ensure the product quality and greatly improve the uniformity of the product performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of inorganic material surface modification, in particular to a production process of basalt chopped fiber.
Background
The continuous basalt fiber is tens of thousands of meters of continuous fiber which is formed by taking natural basalt ore as a raw material, forming a molten state at a high temperature of about 1500 ℃, forming through a platinum-rhodium alloy bushing plate and then drawing at a high speed by a wire drawing machine. The environment-friendly inorganic fiber material is a novel environment-friendly inorganic fiber material, has excellent performances of light weight, high strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, radiation resistance, heat insulation, sound insulation and the like, is a novel high-performance fiber following carbon fibers, aramid fibers and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, and has wide application in the fields of space flight, aviation, automobiles and ships, civil engineering traffic, energy environment, chemical fire protection, national defense and military industry and the like. Especially in the field of building traffic, because the basalt fiber chopped yarns have good compatibility with cement, concrete and asphalt and can effectively improve the strength and the crack resistance of the three base materials, the basalt fiber chopped yarns are widely used as additives to be added into the base materials.
Compared with other matrix reinforced materials, such as common glass fiber, PET fiber, lignin fiber and basalt chopped fiber, although the performance of the matrix reinforced material is superior to that of other similar materials, the production cost is relatively high, the development of production enterprises and the application range of basalt fiber are limited to a greater extent, and the main reason is that the matching degree of the traditional production process and the characteristics of the basalt fiber is low.
In the traditional production process, basalt ore is subjected to high-temperature melting, wire drawing and wire winding to obtain continuous fibers with a cylinder and a cylinder length of several tens of thousands of meters, then the impregnating compound on the surface of the fibers is solidified and formed through heat treatment, redundant moisture is removed, then the fibers are unwound from a wire winding cylinder by a chopping machine and chopped to a set length, and finally, the basalt fiber chopped strand finished product is obtained through screening and packaging. Because continuous fibers with the length of tens of thousands of meters are wound on the silk collecting tube to have a certain thickness, the thickest part can reach 50-60 mm, and the basalt fibers have excellent heat insulation performance, the heat treatment time usually needs more than 12 hours to transfer the temperature to the inner layer fibers on the silk collecting tube and completely dehydrate and solidify the surface of the inner layer fibers; however, the impregnating compound on the surface of the outer layer fiber on the take-up cylinder is completely solidified within 3h as early as possible, and begins to age gradually at high temperature in the following 9h, so that the performance is reduced; the traditional production process not only causes a large amount of electric energy waste and increases the production cost, but also causes large difference in performance between the outer layer fiber and the inner layer fiber on each wire winding drum, and the fluctuation range between the outer layer fiber and the inner layer fiber (the fluctuation range is the percentage of the difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value in the test of randomly drawing 30 strands of chopped fibers) can reach 40% only in terms of tensile strength, so that great fluctuation is caused to the product performance of the same batch.
In addition, because the chopping machine has the advantages of high rotating speed, extremely small fiber diameter, extremely light weight and dry surface, a large amount of flying yarns are easily generated in the chopping process, and an operator must wear protective articles for the whole body to avoid the phenomenon that a large amount of micron-sized flying yarns are attached to clothes and the body to cause pruritus and pinprick; the short cutting workshop must also be isolated alone, installs high-power emission facility in the workshop, installs the pond outside the workshop, collects the flying silk of following the workshop exhaust and avoids the polluted environment, and these all add trouble and cost for production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides an economical, practical and stable production process, greatly reduces the electric energy consumption, improves the production environment, reduces the production cost, and can greatly improve the uniformity of the product performance while ensuring the product quality.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a production process of basalt chopped fiber,
1.1) continuous fiber step: melting fiber raw materials by a smelting furnace, flowing out of a furnace body through a bushing plate, drawing by a wire drawing machine, completely covering the impregnating compound by an oiling machine, stranding by a bundling wheel, arranging wires by a wire arranging device, and drawing and winding on a wire collecting cylinder to obtain continuous fibers;
1.2) preparing a chopped lubricant: the short-cut lubricant consists of 0.1-0.5 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.02-0.1 wt% of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and 0.02-0.1 wt% of acetylenic diol, and the balance of deionized water, and the stirring speed is 60 r/min-120 r/min;
1.3) a short cutting step: taking down the filament receiving cylinder from the filament receiving roller, unwinding the continuous fibers, spraying a short-cut lubricant by a spraying device, and short-cutting by a short-cutting machine to obtain short-cut fibers;
1.4) screening and packaging steps: transferring and flatly paving the chopped fibers on a screen, and putting the screen into an oven for heat treatment; and taking out the screen from the oven, classifying and screening the chopped fibers according to different lengths, weighing and packaging.
Further, the chopping lubricant comprises 0.3g wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.05 wt% of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 0.05 wt% of acetylenic diol and the balance of deionized water.
Further, the impregnating compound comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-25% of film forming agent, 0.1-1.5% of coupling agent, 0.01-1.5% of lubricant, 0.1-1.5% of antistatic agent, 0.1-5% of fiber monofilament dispersing agent and the balance of deionized water.
Further, the fiber monofilament dispersant comprises phytic acid ester, cocamidopropyl betaine, acetylenic diol and alkylolamide borate, and the proportion is 1:3.5:3:2.5 in sequence.
Furthermore, a humidifier is adopted as a spraying device, and the spraying speed is 20-60 ml/min.
Further, the length of the chopped fiber is 1-60 mm.
Further, the heat treatment temperature of the oven is not more than 220 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 2-4 h.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the invention, after the continuous fibers wound on the take-up drum are chopped into the lengths of several millimeters, the fibers coated on the inner layer are exposed, so that the exposed area of the continuous fibers in the air is greatly increased, the chopped fibers are in a three-dimensional mutual supporting distribution state, a large number of gaps exist among the fibers, and the exposed area of the fibers in the air is further increased. The heat treatment is carried out under the state, the heat is easily transferred to the surfaces of all chopped fibers, the curing speed of the fiber surface impregnating compound at each position is greatly increased, the heat treatment process time of the chopped fibers is shortened to be within 4 hours from more than 12 hours, the production period is greatly shortened, a large amount of electric energy loss is saved (the power of an oven is generally 50KW, the number of the ovens is generally 4-10, and each oven can save about 10 ten thousand yuan of electric charge per year), and the production cost is greatly reduced; moreover, all chopped fibers start to be heated almost at the same time, the uniform heating degree of the surface is very high, further the performance fluctuation of each batch of products is greatly small, and the fluctuation range of the single-strand fiber tensile strength (the fluctuation range is determined by randomly extracting 30 chopped fibers and testing, and the percentage of the difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value in the minimum value) is reduced to be within 5 percent from the original 40 percent.
In addition, a layer of chopped lubricant is sprayed on the surface of the fiber before the fiber enters the chopping machine, so that the bundling property of the fiber can be effectively ensured, the friction force between the fiber and the chopping machine is reduced, the single-strand fiber cannot be dispersed into dozens or even hundreds of fiber monofilaments with extremely small mass from one strand in the rapid chopping process, and the condition of flying fiber is avoided from the source. The operator does not need whole body protection, and only needs to wear ordinary work clothes for operation, and because the discharge and collection problems of a large amount of flying silks do not exist, the production is more convenient, and the cost is lower.
It should be noted that the sizing applied during the production of continuous fibers does not replace the chopped lubricant. The reason is two: (1) the chopped lubricant has better room temperature bundling and film-forming properties, can further better improve the bundling property of the fiber, ensures that single-strand fibers are not dispersed in the chopping process, and the function of the impregnating compound mainly ensures that the finished chopped fiber has better application effect; (2) in actual production, newly produced continuous fibers are not immediately subjected to subsequent processing operation, but are stored for a certain amount of time, such as one shift or even one or two days, and then are subjected to batch post-processing, during which the sizing agent on the surface of the continuous fibers on the take-up cylinder is not solidified basically, the bundling property is poor, and meanwhile, due to natural volatilization, dehydration is carried out to a large extent, and if the chopped lubricant is not coated before chopping, the conditions of scattered fibers and flying fibers are easy to occur during chopping. Because the solid content of the chopped lubricant is low, the spraying amount is small, and the influence on the performance of the coated impregnating compound is small.
In general, the short-cut fiber production process improves the matching degree between the production process and the characteristics of basalt fibers and fiber impregnating compound to the maximum extent, reduces the production cost from multiple aspects, improves the average performance and stability of products, optimizes the production process and improves the production environment.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description further illustrates the invention.
Example 1
A production process of basalt chopped fiber,
1.1) continuous fiber step: melting the fiber raw material by a furnace, wherein the temperature of the furnace is 1500 ℃. The fiber raw material in a molten state flows out of the furnace body through a bushing plate, the temperature of the bushing plate is 1390 ℃, the fiber raw material is pulled by a wire drawing machine, the linear speed of the wire drawing machine is 1000m/min, and the impregnating compound is completely covered by an oiling device, wherein the linear speed of the oiling device is 50 m/min. Then the continuous fibers are stranded by a bundling wheel and are wound on a yarn collecting cylinder by a wire arranging device to obtain the continuous fibers. The impregnating compound comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-25% of film forming agent (polyurethane emulsion), 0.1-1.5% of coupling agent (gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane), 0.01-1.5% of lubricant (propylene glycol front-stage polyether), 0.1-1.5% of antistatic agent (lithium nitrate), 0.1-5% of fiber monofilament dispersing agent and the balance of deionized water. The fiber monofilament dispersant comprises phytic acid ester, cocamidopropyl betaine, acetylenic diol and alkylolamide borate, and the proportion of the phytic acid ester, the cocamidopropyl betaine, the acetylenic diol and the alkylolamide borate is 1:3.5:3:2.5 in sequence.
1.2) preparing a chopped lubricant: 3984g of deionized water are added into the preparation tank, the stirring speed is 120r/min, and 12g of polyvinyl alcohol, 2g of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and 2g of alkynediol are added again. Wherein the chopped lubricant is loaded into a humidifier at a spray rate of 40 ml/min. Stirring for 3 min.
1.3) a short cutting step: and taking the wire collecting barrel down from the wire collecting roller, unwinding the continuous fibers, spraying the chopped lubricant by a spraying device, namely enabling the continuous fibers to enter a chopping machine after passing through the spray of the chopped lubricant, and chopping by the chopping machine to obtain chopped fibers, wherein the chopped length is generally 6mm at most, and the chopped fibers can be actually cut by 1 mm-60 mm.
1.4) screening and packaging steps: transferring and flatly paving the chopped fibers on a screen, and putting the screen into an oven for heat treatment, wherein the heating temperature is 130 ℃, and the heating time is 2 h. And taking out the screen from the oven, classifying and screening the chopped fibers according to different lengths, removing the chopped fibers with lengths which are not in line with the setting or are agglomerated, weighing and packaging.
Wherein the fiber is one or more of basalt fiber, rock wool, glass fiber, carbon fiber, ceramic fiber and metal fiber.
Example 2
A production process of basalt chopped fiber. Example 1 was followed, except that:
preparing 4kg of chopped lubricant (3997.2 g of deionized water is added into a preparation tank, the stirring speed is 120r/min, 2g of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.4g of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and 0.4g of acetylenic diol are added again, and the mixture is stirred for 3 min).
Example 3
A production process of basalt chopped fiber. Example 1 was followed, except that:
preparing 4kg of chopped lubricant (adding 3944g of deionized water into a preparation tank, stirring at the speed of 120r/min, adding 40g of polyvinyl alcohol, 8g of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and 8g of acetylenic diol again, and stirring for 3 min).
Example 4
A production process of basalt chopped fiber. Example 1 was followed, except that:
the spraying speed is 10 ml/min.
Example 5
A production process of basalt chopped fiber. Example 1 was followed, except that:
the spraying speed is 100 ml/min.
Example 6
A production process of basalt chopped fiber. Example 1 was followed, except that:
the cut length was 35 mm.
The following comparative data table was obtained in summary:
from the table test data, the following conclusions can be drawn:
the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 6 completely adopt the technical scheme of the invention, but the chopped fiber lengths are different, so the invention has obvious advantages in all aspects compared with the comparative example. The length of the common chopped fiber is 6-35 mm, so the description outside the length interval is not repeated for example.
In the embodiment 2, the concentration of the used chopped lubricant is lower than that of the technical scheme of the invention, the chopped fibers have about 60 percent of scattered filaments, and the scattered filaments can cause that the fiber monofilaments cannot be synchronously stressed, so that the tensile strength is integrally reduced.
In example 3, since the concentration of the used chopped lubricant is higher than that of the technical scheme of the present invention, too much chopped lubricant adheres to the fiber, and the performance of the existing sizing agent on the fiber is affected too much, so that the tensile strength is reduced as a whole, but since the concentration is higher, the convergence of the chopped lubricant is favorable, so that the reduction range of the tensile strength is smaller than that of example 2.
In the embodiment 4, because the spraying speed is lower than the technical scheme of the invention, the chopped lubricant cannot form a continuous coating on the fiber and is in a discontinuous state, so that about 80% of scattered filaments appear after the chopped fibers are chopped, and the flying filaments during the chopped fibers are correspondingly increased; the tensile strength is also reduced overall and is less than in example 2, since the loose filaments are more severe.
In example 5, since the spraying speed is higher than that of the technical scheme of the present invention, the excessive spraying speed may have a certain effect on the existing but still liquid sizing agent coating on the fiber, so that the tensile strength is reduced as a whole but is higher than that of example 3.
Compared with the prior art, the fiber impregnating compound has good bundling property before chopping and no loose yarn because of the adoption of the traditional production process, but has certain rigidity after being cured, and the loose yarn is generated in a proportion of 10% under the action of rapid and large shearing force in the chopping process; since the chopped fibers have been heat treated, the surface is extremely dry, resulting in 10% of the loose filaments being blown almost entirely into the air by the air stream generated by the chopping machine, thereby generating severe fly.
Because the technical scheme process is adopted in the embodiments 1-6, the chopped fibers are subjected to heat treatment after being chopped, and the heating uniformity is very high, the stretching strength fluctuation range of the chopped fibers (the fluctuation range is determined by randomly extracting 30 chopped fibers, and the percentage of the difference value between the maximum value and the minimum value is the minimum value) is within 5 percent and is far smaller than that of a comparative example. Therefore, the scheme completely overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides an economical, practical and stable production process, greatly reduces the electric energy consumption, improves the production environment, reduces the production cost, and can ensure the product quality and greatly improve the uniformity of the product performance.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A production process of basalt chopped fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1.1) continuous fiber step: melting fiber raw materials by a smelting furnace, flowing out of a furnace body through a bushing plate, drawing by a wire drawing machine, completely covering the impregnating compound by an oiling machine, stranding by a bundling wheel, arranging wires by a wire arranging device, and drawing and winding on a wire collecting cylinder to obtain continuous fibers;
1.2) preparing a chopped lubricant: the short-cut lubricant consists of 0.1-0.5 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.02-0.1 wt% of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide and 0.02-0.1 wt% of acetylenic diol, and the balance of deionized water, and the stirring speed is 60 r/min-120 r/min;
1.3) a short cutting step: taking down the filament receiving cylinder from the filament receiving roller, unwinding the continuous fibers, spraying a short-cut lubricant by a spraying device, and short-cutting by a short-cutting machine to obtain short-cut fibers;
1.4) screening and packaging steps: transferring and flatly paving the chopped fibers on a screen, and putting the screen into an oven for heat treatment; and taking out the screen from the oven, classifying and screening the chopped fibers according to different lengths, weighing and packaging.
2. The basalt chopped fiber production process according to claim 1, wherein: the chopping lubricant comprises 0.3 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.05 wt% of coconut oil fatty acid diethanolamide, 0.05 wt% of acetylenic diol and the balance of deionized water.
3. The basalt chopped fiber production process according to claim 1, wherein: the impregnating compound consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5-25% of film forming agent, 0.1-1.5% of coupling agent, 0.01-1.5% of lubricant, 0.1-1.5% of antistatic agent, 0.1-5% of fiber monofilament dispersing agent and the balance of deionized water.
4. The basalt chopped fiber production process according to claim 1, wherein: the spraying device adopts a humidifier, and the spraying speed is 20-60 ml/min.
5. The basalt chopped fiber production process according to claim 1, wherein: the chopped fiber length is 1-60 mm.
6. The production process of basalt chopped fiber according to claim 1, wherein the oven heat treatment temperature is not more than 220 ℃ and the heat treatment time is 2 to 4 hours.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111285624B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2022-08-09 | 巨石集团有限公司 | Glass fiber antistatic composition and application thereof |
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