CN108772570A - The method of cutter, row's knife assembly, processing excircles and endoporus - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutter, which includes a cutter bar, a cutter bar head, and a blade set, the blade set includes a first blade and a second blade, the cutter bar head has a mounting surface, and the first blade and the second blade are installed on the mounting surface. surface, and the first blade and the second blade are distributed on both sides of the axis of the cutter bar, the first outer edge of the first blade protrudes from the first edge line of the mounting surface, and the second outer edge of the second blade protrudes from the mounting surface The second edge line, the first edge line and the second edge line are distributed on both sides of the knife bar axis, the first outer blade is inclined towards the direction close to the knife bar, the second outer knife edge is inclined towards the direction away from the knife bar, the first The insert is used to process the rear outer circle and the rear inner hole, and the second insert is used to process the front outer circle and the front inner hole. The tool in this embodiment has only one tool holder, so the tool only occupies one tool position. The invention also discloses a cutter assembly and a method for processing outer circle and inner hole.

Description

Tool, gang tool assembly, method for machining outer circle and inner hole

technical field

The invention relates to the field of cutters of numerically controlled lathes, and more specifically, relates to a cutter, a cutter assembly, and a method for processing outer circles and inner holes.

Background technique

Some workpieces have a front outer circle, a rear outer circle, a front inner hole, and a rear inner hole. Accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3 are two state diagrams when the cutting tool provided by the present invention processes workpiece. In accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3, first blade is positioned at the top of second blade. The front outer circle 100 is located on the side of the outer shoulder away from the clamp, such as the position of the second blade at position 1 in FIG. 2 . The rear outer circle 400 is located on the side of the outer shoulder close to the clamp 6 , for example, the position of the first blade at position 4 in FIG. 3 . The front inner hole 200 is located on the side of the inner shoulder away from the clamp 6 , such as the position of the second blade at position 3 in FIGS. 2 and 3 . The rear inner hole 300 is located on the side of the inner shoulder close to the clamp 6 , such as the position of the first blade at position 2 in FIGS. 2 and 3 .

For traditional CNC lathe tools, usually one tool has one blade. Then, for a workpiece with a front inner hole, a rear inner hole, a front outer circle, and a rear outer circle, the CNC lathe for processing the workpiece needs to have four kinds of tools. In addition, in order to ensure the machining accuracy of the workpiece, the rough and fine lathes are usually processed separately, so the CNC lathe for processing the workpiece needs to have eight kinds of cutting tools. The tool row assembly usually includes a tool seat and a tool, and the tool seat is provided with a tool position for installing the tool. Due to the limited tool positions on the tool holder, it is not possible to install all the knives on the tool holder in advance. Then, during processing, the same blade should be used for both roughing and finishing, which will lead to blade wear, need to replace the blade, and then need to be repositioned for debugging and testing. This not only affects the processing efficiency, but also affects the processing accuracy.

Therefore, how to prevent the wear of the blades, thereby avoiding the replacement of the blades, so as to improve the processing efficiency and processing accuracy, is a key problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a tool that only occupies one tool position, and the blade set on the tool can complete the processing of the rear outer circle, the rear inner hole, the front outer circle and the front inner hole, so it can be used for The tool for rough turning and the tool for finishing turning are installed on the tool holder at the same time, and the rough turning and fine turning tools are used separately, so as to prevent the wear of the blade, thereby avoiding the replacement of the blade, and improving the processing efficiency and processing accuracy.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A kind of cutting tool, comprises knife bar, knife bar head, also comprises blade set, and described blade set comprises first blade and second blade, and described knife bar head has mounting surface, and described first blade and described second blade are all installed on the installation surface, and the first blade and the second blade are distributed on both sides of the axis of the cutter bar, and the first outer edge of the first blade protrudes from the first outer edge of the installation surface. An edge line, the second outer edge of the second blade protrudes from the second edge line of the mounting surface, the first edge line and the second edge line are distributed on both sides of the axis of the cutter bar, The first outer blade is inclined towards the direction close to the knife rod, the second outer blade is inclined towards the direction away from the knife rod, the first blade is used for processing the rear outer circle and the rear inner hole, the The second insert is used to process the front outer circle and the front inner hole.

Preferably, the cutter bar head is semi-cylindrical.

Preferably, both the first blade and the second blade are bolted to the tool holder head.

Preferably, there is a first limiting groove on the installation surface, the first blade is located in the first limiting groove, and a device for fixing the first blade is arranged in the first limiting groove. the first bolt hole.

Preferably, there is a second limiting groove on the installation surface, the second blade is located in the second limiting groove, and a device for fixing the second blade is arranged in the second limiting groove. the second bolt hole.

Preferably, the first blade and the second blade are arranged close to the end surface of the head of the cutter head.

The invention also discloses a tool row assembly, which includes a tool seat and a tool installed on the tool seat, the tool includes a rough turning tool and a finishing turning tool, and the rough turning tool and the finishing turning tool are both Any of the above knives.

The present invention also discloses a method for processing an outer circle and an inner hole. The outer circle includes a front outer circle and a rear outer circle, and the inner hole includes a front inner hole and a rear inner hole. The method is based on the above-mentioned tool and includes:

Move the cutter bar head to the front outer circle, and use the second outer edge of the second blade to process the front outer circle;

Moving the tool holder head to the front inner hole, using the second outer edge of the second blade to process the front inner hole;

Moving the cutter bar head to the back inner hole, using the first outer edge of the first blade to process the back inner hole;

Move the cutter bar head to the rear outer circle, and use the first outer cutting edge of the first blade to process the rear outer circle.

It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the cutter in the present invention has a first blade and a second blade. Both the first blade and the second blade are installed on the mounting surface, and both are distributed on both sides of the axis of the cutter bar. The first outer cutting edge of the first blade is used for processing the rear outer circle and the rear inner hole, and the second outer cutting edge of the second blade is used for processing the front outer circle and the front inner hole. The cutter in this embodiment has only one cutter bar, so the cutter only occupies one cutter position, and the blade set in the cutter can complete the processing of the rear outer circle, the rear inner hole, the front outer circle and the front inner hole. Since the tool only occupies one tool position, the tool for rough turning and the tool for finishing turning can be installed on the tool holder at the same time, and the tool for rough turning and finishing turning can be used separately. Compared with the prior art where a tool is used for both rough turning and finish turning, the present invention can prevent the wear of the blade, thereby avoiding the replacement of the blade and improving the processing efficiency and precision.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the cutter that a specific embodiment of the present invention provides;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the processing shape body of the tool provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a machining state of a tool provided by another specific embodiment of the present invention.

Among them, 1 is the first blade, 2 is the second blade, 3 is the tool holder head, 4 is the tool holder, 5 is the workpiece, 6 is the fixture, 100 is the front outer circle, 200 is the front inner hole, 300 is the rear inner hole , 400 is the rear outer circle.

Detailed ways

The invention discloses a tool, which only occupies one tool position, and the blade group on the tool can complete the processing of the rear outer circle, the rear inner hole, the front outer circle and the front inner hole, so it can be used for rough turning The cutting tool and the cutting tool for finishing turning are installed on the tool holder at the same time, and the rough turning and fine turning tools are used separately, so as to prevent the wear of the blade, thereby avoiding the replacement of the blade, and improving the processing efficiency and processing accuracy.

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to attached drawings 1-3. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cutter includes a cutter holder 4 , a cutter holder head 3 and a blade set. The blade set includes a first blade 1 and a second blade 2 . The tool holder head 3 has a mounting surface. Both the first blade 1 and the second blade 2 are installed on the installation surface. The first cutting edge of the first blade 1 protrudes from the first edge line of the mounting surface, and the second cutting edge of the second blade 2 protrudes from the second edge line of the mounting surface. The first edge line and the second edge line are symmetrical about the axis of the shank. The first outer blade is inclined toward the direction close to the blade shank 4 , or in other words, the angle between the first outer blade and the direction from the blade shank 4 to the blade shank head 3 is an obtuse angle. The second outer blade is inclined toward the direction away from the blade shank 4 , or in other words, the angle between the second outer blade and the direction from the blade shank 4 to the blade shank head 3 is an acute angle. The first blade 1 is used for processing the rear outer circle 400 and the rear inner hole 300 , and the second blade 2 is used for processing the front outer circle 100 and the front inner hole 200 . The workpiece 5 is clamped on the motor spindle through the clamp 6, and the workpiece 5 rotates with the rotation of the motor spindle. The workpiece 5 rotates relative to the first blade 1 and the second blade 2 , and the first blade 1 and the second blade 2 cut the surface to be processed of the workpiece 5 .

The cutter in this embodiment has only one cutter bar, so the cutter only occupies one cutter position, and the blade set in the cutter can complete the processing of the rear outer circle, the rear inner hole, the front outer circle and the front inner hole. Since the tool only occupies one tool position, the tool for rough turning and the tool for finishing turning can be installed on the tool holder at the same time, and the tool for rough turning and finishing turning can be used separately. Compared with the prior art where a tool is used for both rough turning and finish turning, the present invention can prevent the wear of the blade, thereby avoiding the replacement of the blade and improving the processing efficiency and precision.

Preferably, the tool holder head 3 is semi-cylindrical. Cut a cylinder along the axis to obtain a semi-cylindrical tool holder head 3 . The mounting surface is the cut surface of the half cylinder. The tool holder head 3 of such a shape avoids interference with other workpieces 5 .

Specifically, both the first blade 1 and the second blade 2 are bolted to the cutter head 3 . This facilitates the replacement of the first blade 1 and the second blade 2 . In order to achieve firm positioning of the first blade 1 and the second blade 2, a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove may also be provided on the mounting surface. The shape of the first limiting groove is the same as that of the first blade 1 . The first blade 1 is located in the first limiting groove, and the first limiting groove forms a limiting effect on the first blade 1 to prevent the first blade 1 from swinging freely during chip cutting. The shape of the second limiting groove is the same as that of the second blade 2, and the second blade 2 is located in the second limiting groove, and the second limiting groove forms a limiting effect on the second blade 2, preventing the second blade from 2 Swing freely during chip cutting.

In addition, the first blade 1 and the second blade 2 are arranged as close as possible to the head end surface of the tool holder head 3 . The end surface of the head is the end surface of the tool bar head 3 away from the tool bar 4 . In this way, it is possible to avoid interference between the first blade 1 and the second blade 2 and the fixture 6 when the tool is machining the rear inner hole 300 .

The invention also discloses a knife row assembly, which includes a knife seat and a knife installed on the knife seat. In particular, there are two cutting tools, namely a rough turning tool and a finishing turning tool, and both the rough turning tool and the finishing turning tool are any one of the above tools. The above-mentioned cutter has the above-mentioned advantages, and the cutter-arrangement assembly having the above-mentioned cutter also has the above-mentioned advantages, so it will not be repeated here.

In summary, the steps of using the cutting tool of the present invention to process the workpiece 5 are as follows:

Move the tool holder head 3 to the front outer circle 100, and use the second outer cutting edge of the second blade 2 to process the front outer circle 100, such as position 1 in FIG. 2 .

Move the tool holder head 3 to the front inner hole 200, and use the second outer cutting edge of the second blade 2 to process the front inner hole 200, such as position 3 in Figure 2 and position 3 in Figure 3 .

Move the tool holder head 3 to the rear inner hole 300, and use the first outer edge of the first blade 1 to process the rear inner hole 300, such as position 2 in FIG. 2 and position 2 in FIG. 3 .

Move the tool holder head 3 to the rear outer circle 400, and use the first outer edge of the first blade 1 to process the rear outer circle 400, such as position 4 in FIG. 3 .

The tool mentioned above is used for rough machining, and after the machining is completed, the tool seat rotates to make the finishing tool rotate to the processing position, and the workpiece 5 is finished. The processing process is the same as above, so it will not be repeated in this paper.

Finally, it should also be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply that these entities or operations, any such actual relationship or order exists. Furthermore, the term "comprises", "comprises" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes elements not expressly listed. other elements of or also include elements inherent in such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or apparatus comprising said element.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of cutter, including knife bar (4), knife bar head (3), which is characterized in that further include set of blades, the set of blades includes the One blade (1) and the second blade (2), the knife bar head (3) have mounting surface, first blade (1) and second blade (2) it is installed on the mounting surface, and first blade (1) and second blade (2) are distributed in the knife bar axis Both sides, the first outer blade of first blade (1) stretches out the first edge line of the mounting surface, second blade (2) The second outer blade stretch out the second edge line of the mounting surface, the first edge line and the second edge line are distributed in institute State the both sides of knife bar axis, the first outer blade is tilted to close to the direction of the knife bar (4), and the second outer blade is to remote Direction from the knife bar (4) tilts, and first blade (1) is described for outer circle (400) and rear endoporus (300) after processing Second blade (2) is for processing preceding outer circle (100) and preceding endoporus (200).

2. cutter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the knife bar head (3) is semi-cylindrical.

3. cutter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first blade (1) and second blade (2) with The knife bar head (3) is bolted.

4. cutter according to claim 3, which is characterized in that there is the first limiting groove on the mounting surface, described the One blade (1) is located in first limiting groove, is provided in first limiting groove for fixing first blade (1) the first bolt hole.

5. cutter according to claim 4, which is characterized in that there is the second limiting groove on the mounting surface, described the Two blades (2) are located in second limiting groove, are provided in second limiting groove for fixing second blade (2) the second bolt hole.

6. cutter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first blade (1) and second blade (2) are close The head end of the knife bar head (3) is arranged.

7. a kind of row's knife assembly, including tool apron and the cutter on the tool apron, which is characterized in that the cutter includes thick Lathe tool and shaving tool, the rough turn cutter and the shaving tool are knife as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 Tool.

8. a kind of method of processing excircles and endoporus, the outer circle includes preceding outer circle, rear outer circle, the endoporus include preceding endoporus and Endoporus afterwards, this method is based on cutter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that including：

The knife bar head (3) is moved at preceding outer circle (100), before the second outer blade processing of second blade (2) Outer circle (100)；

The knife bar head (3) is moved at preceding endoporus (200), before the second outer blade processing of second blade (2) Endoporus (200)；

The knife bar head (3) is moved at rear endoporus (300), after the first outer blade processing of first blade (1) Endoporus (300)；

The knife bar head (3) is moved at rear outer circle (400), after the first outer blade processing of first blade (1) Outer circle (400).