CN108768030B - Iron core and disc motor - Google Patents
Iron core and disc motor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108768030B CN108768030B CN201811008532.4A CN201811008532A CN108768030B CN 108768030 B CN108768030 B CN 108768030B CN 201811008532 A CN201811008532 A CN 201811008532A CN 108768030 B CN108768030 B CN 108768030B
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- iron core
- steel
- magnetic
- magnetic steel
- motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2793—Rotors axially facing stators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an iron core and a motor.A plurality of groups of magnetic steel mounting positions are uniformly distributed on the iron core along the circumferential direction of the iron core; each group of magnetic steel installation positions comprises a plurality of steel slots, first iron core teeth are arranged between the adjacent steel slots of the same group of magnetic steel installation positions along the circumferential direction of the iron core, and magnetic steels with the same magnetic steel polarity are arranged in the steel slots of the same group of magnetic steel installation positions; and second iron core teeth are arranged between the adjacent magnetic steel installation positions, and the steel slots of the adjacent magnetic steel installation positions are used for installing the magnetic steel with the opposite magnetic poles. Each group of magnetic steel installation positions comprise a plurality of steel grooves, and the steel grooves in the same group are separated through first iron core teeth along the circumferential direction of the iron core, so that d-axis inductance of the motor is increased. When the motor is subjected to flux weakening control at high speed, under the same voltage, the d-axis inductance of the motor is increased, so that the required current can be obviously reduced, or the highest flux weakening rotating speed of the motor can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor parts, in particular to an iron core and a disc motor.
Background
Radial field motors and axial field motors (also called disc motors) are two major branches of the motor field. Disc motors are becoming increasingly popular for higher core utilization, greater power density, and higher torque density.
However, when the disc motor is performing field weakening control, a larger current is required and the energy consumption is larger.
Therefore, how to reduce the current required by the disc motor when performing field weakening control is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, a first object of the present invention is to provide an iron core capable of reducing a current required for a disc motor in performing field weakening control.
A second object of the present invention is to provide a disc motor.
In order to achieve the first object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
A plurality of groups of magnetic steel mounting positions are uniformly distributed on the iron core along the circumferential direction of the iron core;
each group of the magnetic steel installation positions comprises a plurality of steel slots, first iron core teeth are arranged between the adjacent steel slots of the same group of the magnetic steel installation positions along the circumferential direction of the iron core, and magnetic steel with the same magnetic polarity is arranged in the steel slots of the same group of the magnetic steel installation positions;
And a second iron core tooth is arranged between the adjacent groups of magnetic steel installation positions, and the steel slots of the adjacent groups of magnetic steel installation positions are used for installing the magnetic steel with opposite magnetic poles.
In a specific embodiment, the second core teeth have a thickness greater than the first core teeth along an axial direction of the core.
In another specific embodiment, the steel slots, the first core teeth and the second core teeth are each arranged in a predetermined layer along a radial direction of the core.
In another specific embodiment, the first core teeth and the second core teeth on the same layer each have an outward width that gradually increases along a radial direction of the core;
The first iron core teeth of the same layer are arranged between the steel grooves of the adjacent layers;
And the width of the second iron core teeth positioned on the outer layer is larger than that of the second iron core teeth positioned on the inner layer at the joint surface of the adjacent second iron core teeth.
In another specific embodiment, the predetermined layer is 2 layers.
In another specific embodiment, the steel groove is a dovetail groove.
In another specific embodiment, the iron core is made by stamping and winding a silicon steel strip or an amorphous strip.
The various embodiments according to the invention may be combined as desired and the resulting embodiments after such combination are also within the scope of the invention and are part of specific embodiments of the invention.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the iron core is provided with a plurality of groups of magnetic steel mounting positions along the circumferential direction of the iron core, adjacent groups of magnetic steel mounting positions are separated by the second iron core teeth, and the adjacent groups of magnetic steel mounting positions are provided with magnetic steel with different magnetic poles, so that the uniform distribution of the magnetic field in the iron core is realized. Each group of magnetic steel installation positions comprise a plurality of steel grooves, and the steel grooves in the same group are separated through first iron core teeth along the circumferential direction of the iron core, so that d-axis inductance of the motor is increased.
When the motor performs flux weakening control at high speed, the highest ideal rotating speed which can be achieved by the motor is when the influence of the resistance of the motor stator is ignored
Wherein p is the pole pair number of the motor, ψf is the rotor flux linkage, ld is the d-axis inductance of the motor, and u and i are the input voltage and input current of the motor respectively. It can be seen from the formula that under the same voltage, when the d-axis inductance of the motor is increased, the required current can be obviously reduced, or the highest flux weakening rotation speed of the motor can be obviously improved.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
A disk motor comprising magnetic steel and the iron core as set forth in any one of the above;
the magnetic steel is arranged in a steel groove of the iron core.
In a specific embodiment, the magnetic steel comprises:
the base is arranged in the steel groove;
The fan-shaped part is arranged on the top surface of the base, and the fan-shaped parts of the magnetic steel in the adjacent steel grooves can be attached together.
In another specific embodiment, the cross section of the base is trapezoidal and the area of the top surface of the base is smaller than the area of the bottom surface of the base.
The various embodiments according to the invention may be combined as desired and the resulting embodiments after such combination are also within the scope of the invention and are part of specific embodiments of the invention.
Because the disk motor disclosed by the invention comprises the magnetic steel in any one of the above, the core has the beneficial effects that the disk motor disclosed by the invention comprises.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an iron core provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the partial enlarged structure of FIG. 1;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a winding structure of an iron core provided by the invention;
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic steel installed in an iron core according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an installation process of the iron core installation magnetic steel provided by the invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the installation magnetic steel of the iron core provided by the invention.
Wherein in fig. 1-6:
The magnetic steel mounting position 1, a steel groove 2, a first iron core tooth 3, a second iron core tooth 4, magnetic steel 5, a base 501, a sector 502, an outer circular iron core 6 and an inner circular iron core 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and detailed description for the purpose of better understanding of the technical solution of the present invention to those skilled in the art.
Noun interpretation:
Disc motor: disk motors are also called axial field motors, in which the direction of the magnetic field inside the motor is along the axial direction. Since axial field motors are generally flat, they are also called disc motors.
Direct axis inductance: in the dq coordinate system of the motor (the d-axis and the q-axis are a coordinate system established on the rotor of the motor, the coordinate system rotates synchronously with the rotor, the direction of the magnetic field of the rotor is taken as the d-axis, the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field of the rotor is taken as the q-axis), and the inductance of the phase winding in the direction of the d-axis.
Quadrature axis inductance: in the dq coordinate system of the motor (the d-axis and the q-axis are a coordinate system established on the rotor of the motor, the coordinate system rotates synchronously with the rotor, the direction of the magnetic field of the rotor is taken as the d-axis, the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field of the rotor is taken as the q-axis), and the inductance of the phase winding in the q-axis direction.
Convex pole ratio: the ratio of the direct axis inductance to the quadrature axis inductance.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-6, the present invention provides an iron core. Can be used in a middle stator, two-sided rotor or single stator, single rotor or tandem disk motor configuration.
Wherein, a plurality of groups of magnetic steel mounting positions 1 are uniformly distributed on the iron core along the circumferential direction of the iron core.
Each set of magnetic steel installation positions 1 comprises a plurality of steel grooves 2 for installing magnetic steel 5. And along the circumference direction of iron core, be provided with first iron core tooth 3 between the steel groove 2 that is adjacent of same group magnet steel installation position 1, be used for installing the magnet steel 5 of homopolar magnetic pole in the steel groove 2 of same group magnet steel installation position 1.
A second iron core tooth 4 is arranged between the adjacent magnetic steel installation positions 1, and the steel slots 2 of the adjacent magnetic steel installation positions 1 are used for installing magnetic steels 5 with opposite magnetic poles (namely, the magnetic steels 5 with opposite magnetic poles), so that the normal use of the magnetic field on the iron core is facilitated.
In this embodiment, the iron core is provided with a plurality of groups of magnet steel mounting positions 1 along the circumferential direction thereof, adjacent groups of magnet steel mounting positions 1 are separated by the second iron core teeth 4, and the adjacent groups of magnet steel mounting positions 1 are provided with the magnet steels 5 of opposite magnetic poles, so that the uniform distribution of the magnetic field in the iron core is realized. Each set of magnetic steel installation position 1 comprises a plurality of steel slots 2, and the steel slots 2 in the same set are separated by first iron core teeth 3 along the circumferential direction of the iron core, so that d-axis inductance of the motor is increased (the inductance is proportional to the flux guide of a magnetic field loop, a magnetic flux path for generating d-axis inductance needs to pass through the magnetic steel, and the first iron core teeth 3 are positioned on the magnetic flux path, so that the flux guide of the magnetic field loop can be increased, and the d-axis inductance of the motor is increased).
When the motor performs flux weakening control at high speed, the highest ideal rotating speed which can be achieved by the motor is when the influence of the resistance of the motor stator is ignored
Wherein p is the pole pair number of the motor, ψf is the rotor flux linkage, ld is the d-axis inductance of the motor, and u and i are the input voltage and input current of the motor respectively. It can be seen from the formula that under the same voltage, when the d-axis inductance of the motor is increased, the required current can be obviously reduced, or the highest flux weakening rotation speed of the motor can be obviously improved.
Example two
In the second embodiment provided by the present invention, the iron core in the present embodiment is similar to the iron core in the first embodiment in structure, and the same points will not be described again, and only the differences will be described.
In this embodiment, the present invention specifically discloses that the thickness of the second core teeth 4 is greater than the thickness of the first core teeth 3 along the axial direction of the core.
The second core teeth 4 on the core can increase the q-axis inductance of the motor (the inductance is proportional to the flux guide of the magnetic field loop, the magnetic flux path generating the q-axis inductance needs to pass through the middle axis between the magnetic poles with different adjacent polarities, the flux guide of the magnetic field loop can be increased because the second core teeth 4 are positioned on the magnetic flux path, the q-axis inductance of the motor is increased), and the d-axis inductance < q-axis inductance, the d-axis magnetic circuit and the q-axis magnetic circuit are asymmetric because the thickness of the second core teeth 4 is larger than the thickness of the first core teeth 3, according to the formula
Τem=p·[ψfiq+(Ld-Lq)idiq]
Where p is the motor pole pair number, ψ f is the rotor flux, and i d and i q are the d-axis current and q-axis current, respectively. The reluctance torque component of the latter half of the above formula (the first half being the permanent magnet torque component) is thus increased in the torque of the motor, thereby increasing the torque density of the motor.
Further, the invention discloses that the steel slot 2, the first iron core tooth 3 and the second iron core tooth 4 are all arranged in a preset layer along the radial direction of the iron core. The preset layer can be any layer, and is specifically set according to actual needs.
Further, the invention discloses that the width of the first iron core teeth 3 on the same layer and the width of the second iron core teeth 4 on the same layer are gradually increased outwards along the radial direction of the iron core.
The first iron core teeth 3 of the same layer are arranged between the steel grooves 2 of the adjacent layers, so that the adjacent layers of magnetic steel 5 are convenient to limit along the radial direction of the iron core.
The width of the second iron core teeth 4 positioned on the outer layer is larger than that of the second iron core teeth 4 positioned on the inner layer at the joint surface of the adjacent second iron core teeth 4, so that the magnetic steel 5 on the adjacent layer is conveniently limited along the radial direction of the iron core.
In the present embodiment, the preset layer is exemplified by 2 layers, that is, the core is divided into the outer core 6 and the inner core 7.
Further, in order to limit the magnetic steel 5 along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the iron core, the invention discloses that the steel groove 2 is a dovetail groove, and when the magnetic steel 5 is installed, the magnetic steel 5 is pushed into the steel groove 2 along the inner side and the outer side of the iron core respectively.
Further, the invention discloses that the iron core is manufactured by punching and winding a silicon steel strip or an amorphous strip. In order to facilitate stamping, the invention discloses a plurality of groups of steel slots 2 in the magnetic steel mounting positions 1, which have the same size. Namely, the iron core is stamped in unequal intervals, and the same stamping die is used for stamping at different positions on the silicon steel strip or the amorphous strip, so that the steel groove 2 for placing the magnetic steel 5 is formed.
The annular winding iron core is subjected to non-uniform and non-equidistant stamping to form an embedded dovetail groove of the magnetic steel 5; the annular winding iron core is stamped through a die with uneven and unequal intervals, and a plurality of dovetail grooves are formed in the installation position of each pole of magnetic steel 5 to place the magnetic steel 5.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) The rotor core can be manufactured by only one pair of stamping dies, so that the production efficiency is very high, and the rotor core is suitable for mass production;
(2) Each group of magnetic steel installation positions 1 comprises a plurality of steel grooves 2 for installing the magnetic steels 5, namely each pole of magnetic steel 5 consists of a plurality of independent magnetic steels 5, so that the eddy current loss of the magnetic steels 5 is reduced;
(3) The d-axis inductance of the motor can be increased through the first iron core tooth 3 structure in the iron core, the weak magnetic energy of the motor at high speed is increased, and the high-speed running efficiency of the motor is improved.
(4) The salient pole rate of the motor is improved through the second iron core teeth 4 of the iron core, the reluctance torque component of the motor is improved, and the torque density of the motor is improved.
Example III
The invention provides a disk motor, which comprises magnetic steel 5 and an iron core in any embodiment. The magnetic steel 5 is arranged in the steel groove 2 of the iron core.
Since the disc motor disclosed by the invention comprises the iron core in any one of the embodiments, the iron core has the beneficial effects that the disc motor disclosed by the invention comprises.
Example IV
In the fourth embodiment provided by the present invention, the disc motor in the present embodiment and the disc motor in the third embodiment have similar structures, and the same points will not be described again, and only the differences will be described.
In this embodiment, the magnetic steel 5 specifically disclosed includes a base 501 and a sector. The base 501 is installed in the steel tank 2, the sector is arranged on the top surface of the base 501, the sector is integrally connected with the base 501, and the area of the top surface of the sector is larger than that of the base 501. The sectors of the magnetic steels 5 in the adjacent steel grooves 2 in the same group of magnetic steel installation positions 1 can be attached together. A certain gap is reserved between the fan-shaped parts of the magnetic steels 5 of the adjacent group of magnetic steel installation positions 1, the first iron core part and the second iron core part are exposed, the second iron core part is provided with a connecting hole for installing a bracket, the width of the bracket is equal to the gap value reserved between the fan-shaped parts of the magnetic steels 5 of the adjacent group of magnetic steel installation positions 1, and the magnetic steels 5 are convenient to limit along the circumferential direction of the iron core.
Further, the invention discloses that the cross section of the base 501 is trapezoid, and the area of the top surface of the base 501 is smaller than the area of the bottom surface of the base 501.
When the iron core is used, the magnetic steel 5 is installed in the steel groove 2 of the iron core, the fan-shaped parts of the magnetic steel 5 in the adjacent steel grooves 2 of the iron core can be attached together, the magnetic steel 5 is further limited, and the magnetic steel 5 is prevented from moving along the circumferential direction of the iron core. The first iron core teeth 3 are arranged between the magnetic steels 5 of the same group of steel grooves 2, so that d-axis inductance of the motor is increased. When the motor is subjected to flux weakening control at high speed, under the same voltage, the d-axis inductance of the motor is increased, so that the required current can be obviously reduced, or the highest flux weakening rotating speed of the motor can be obviously improved.
Here, the inner and outer refer to the direction along the core toward the axis of the core as the inner and the direction away from the axis of the core as the outer. For ease of description only, no other special meaning is given.
It is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such article or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in an article or device comprising the element.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein with reference to specific examples, the description of which is intended only to facilitate an understanding of the core concepts of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations of the invention can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these modifications and adaptations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. An iron core is characterized in that a plurality of groups of magnetic steel mounting positions (1) are uniformly distributed on the iron core along the circumferential direction of the iron core;
Each group of the magnetic steel installation positions (1) comprises a plurality of steel slots (2), first iron core teeth (3) are arranged between the adjacent steel slots (2) of the same group of the magnetic steel installation positions (1) along the circumferential direction of the iron core, and magnetic steels (5) for installing like magnetic poles are arranged in the steel slots (2) of the same group of the magnetic steel installation positions (1);
a second iron core tooth (4) is arranged between the adjacent groups of magnetic steel installation positions (1), and the steel grooves (2) of the adjacent groups of magnetic steel installation positions (1) are used for installing the magnetic steel (5) with opposite magnetic poles;
The thickness of the second iron core teeth (4) is greater than the thickness of the first iron core teeth (3) along the axial direction of the iron core;
Wherein, steel groove (2), first iron core tooth (3) with second iron core tooth (4) all divide into the setting of predetermineeing the layer along the radial direction of iron core.
2. The core according to claim 1, characterized in that the first core teeth (3) and the second core teeth (4) on the same layer each have a progressively larger width outwards in the radial direction of the core;
The first iron core teeth (3) of the same layer are arranged between the steel grooves (2) of the adjacent layers;
and the width of the second iron core teeth (4) positioned at the outer layer is larger than that of the second iron core teeth (4) positioned at the inner layer at the joint surface of the adjacent second iron core teeth (4).
3. The core of claim 1, wherein the predetermined layer is 2 layers.
4. A core according to claim 3, characterized in that the steel slots (2) are dovetail slots.
5. The core according to any of claims 1-4, characterized in that the core is manufactured by stamping and winding a silicon steel strip or an amorphous strip.
6. A disk motor characterized by comprising a magnetic steel (5) and an iron core according to any one of claims 1-5;
the magnetic steel (5) is arranged in the steel groove (2) of the iron core.
7. A disc electric machine according to claim 6, characterized in that the magnetic steel (5) comprises:
a base (501), the base (501) being mounted in the steel tank (2);
The fan-shaped parts (502), the fan-shaped parts (502) are arranged on the top surface of the base (501), and the fan-shaped parts (502) of the magnetic steel (5) in the adjacent steel grooves (2) can be attached together.
8. The disc motor according to claim 7, characterized in that the cross section of the base (501) is trapezoidal and the area of the top surface of the base (501) is smaller than the area of the bottom surface of the base (501).
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CN201811008532.4A CN108768030B (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2018-08-31 | Iron core and disc motor |
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CN201811008532.4A CN108768030B (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2018-08-31 | Iron core and disc motor |
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CN108768030B true CN108768030B (en) | 2024-07-12 |
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CN208445373U (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-29 | 上海适达动力科技股份有限公司 | A kind of iron core and disc type electric machine |
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JP2009072009A (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-04-02 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | Permanent magnet rotating machine |
JP2009131070A (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2009-06-11 | Denso Corp | Magnet type synchronous machine |
EP2270957A4 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2011-09-07 | Sanyo Electric Co | Permanent magnet synchronization motor |
CN103414301B (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2016-05-25 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of axial magnetic field coreless permanent magnet motor of pin-connected panel magnetic pole |
CN103607097B (en) * | 2013-09-11 | 2015-12-02 | 辽阳泰科雷诺科技有限公司 | A kind of square position type magnetism-gathering magnetic line structure for permanent magnetic vortex drive device |
CN105429409B (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2017-11-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Composite poles formula axial flux permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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Patent Citations (3)
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CN202405896U (en) * | 2012-01-12 | 2012-08-29 | 信质电机股份有限公司 | Rotor core and high-efficiency variable-frequency speed regulation permanent magnet synchronous motor with same |
CN206894380U (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2018-01-16 | 苏州英磁新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of new fixing groove disk type electric motor rotor and motor |
CN208445373U (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-29 | 上海适达动力科技股份有限公司 | A kind of iron core and disc type electric machine |
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