CN108766160B - Small digital optical interferometer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a small digital optical interferometer, which includes an optical platform, a semiconductor laser, a beam expansion lens, a collimating lens, an interference element and a CCD camera. A laser bracket is installed on one side of the optical platform, and the semiconductor laser is installed on the laser bracket. , a beam expander lens bracket is installed in the middle of the optical platform near the side of the laser bracket, the beam expander lens is installed on the beam expander lens bracket, a collimator lens bracket is installed in the middle of the optical platform, and the collimator lens is installed on the collimator lens bracket , a CCD camera bracket is installed on the other side of the optical platform opposite to the laser bracket, and a CCD camera is installed on the CCD camera bracket. The invention can demonstrate a variety of different interference phenomena to meet the requirements of demonstrations on various occasions and students' independent experiments, and the experimental phenomena are more obvious, convenient for students to observe, and the equipment is compact, and the overall size is small and easy to move.

Description

A small digital optical interferometer

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of teaching instruments, specifically a small digital optical interferometer.

Background technique

In recent years, with the continuous development of my country's social economy, people have paid more attention to education and teaching. In order to cultivate students' hands-on ability and facilitate students to better understand the content they have learned, teachers generally teach by doing experiments with students, intervening Instrumentation is a general term for a very broad type of experimental technology. The idea is to use the superposition of waves to obtain phase information of waves, thereby obtaining the physical quantities of interest in the experiment.

However, existing optical interference demonstrators have the following shortcomings:

1. Existing optical interference demonstrators can usually only demonstrate the interference phenomenon of double slits with a fixed spacing, and the phenomena are often not accurate and perfect enough. The instrument is large in size and is only suitable for demonstrations in fixed demonstration locations, such as demonstration laboratories.

2. The laser beam of the existing optical interference demonstrator does not undergo beam expansion or collimation. Therefore, for a grating with a large double-slit gap, the interference field of view is small and unclear due to the limitation of the whiteboard, making it inconvenient for multiple people to watch.

Contents of the invention

In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a small digital optical interferometer, which solves the problems that the existing technical phenomenon is not accurate enough, is inconvenient to move, and is inconvenient for multiple people to watch.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a small digital optical interferometer, including an optical platform, a semiconductor laser, a beam expander lens, a collimating lens, an interference element and a CCD camera. A laser bracket is installed on one side of the optical platform. , the semiconductor laser is installed on the laser bracket, the beam expansion lens bracket is installed in the middle of the optical platform near the side of the laser bracket, the beam expansion lens is installed on the beam expansion lens bracket, and the collimation lens bracket is installed in the middle of the optical platform. The lens is installed on the collimating lens bracket. A CCD camera bracket is installed on the other side of the optical platform opposite to the laser bracket. A CCD camera is installed on the CCD camera bracket. It is installed on the optical platform between the CCD camera bracket and the collimating lens bracket. There is a linear sliding table, and an interference element bracket is installed on the upper end of the linear sliding table. The interference element is installed on the interference element bracket. A processor is installed on one side of the upper end of the optical platform. The processor is connected to a computer installed outside the optical platform.

Preferably, the linear sliding table includes a sliding seat, a ball screw, a sliding rod, a coupling, a stepper motor, a screw nut and a sliding seat. A ball screw is installed in the middle of the sliding seat, and both sides of the ball screw are symmetrical. Two sliding rods are installed. One end of the ball screw is connected to the stepper motor shaft through a coupling. A screw nut is installed on the ball screw. A sliding seat is installed on the screw nut. The two ends of the sliding seat are connected to two sliding rods. The sliding rod is slidingly connected, and the interference element bracket is installed on the sliding seat.

Preferably, the optical axes of the semiconductor laser, the beam expander lens and the collimator lens are highly collinear.

Preferably, the sliding direction of the linear slide table is perpendicular to the direction of the laser beam emitted by the semiconductor laser.

Preferably, the computer is connected to the stepper motor.

Preferably, the optical platform is surrounded by enclosures.

The invention provides a small digital optical interferometer, which has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The present invention sets up a linear slide and a CCD camera. When used, the incident light beam emitted by the semiconductor laser is transmitted to the beam expander lens for beam expansion, and then the light beam is converged into parallel light through the collimator lens, and the parallel light illuminates the interference element. When interference occurs, the information is collected through the CCD camera and the signal is transmitted to the computer terminal, and then processed by the processor to convert the light and dark stripes on the computer into a light intensity distribution curve, which is convenient for students to observe. At the same time, the stepper motor is controlled by the computer. The rotating shaft drives the ball screw to rotate through the coupling. The screw nut on the ball screw converts the rotational motion of the ball screw into linear motion and drives the interference element to move through the interference element bracket to convert the interference phenomenon. The demonstrator can demonstrate Yang Double-slit interference experiment, Fresnel double-prism interference experiment, Fresnel double-sided mirror interference experiment, double-hole interference experiment and a series of interference phenomena. This invention can demonstrate a variety of different interference phenomena to meet the needs of demonstrations in various occasions and student autonomy. Experimental requirements.

(2) The present invention makes the optical path intuitive and simple and makes the experimental phenomena more obvious by setting up the beam expander lens and the collimating lens, which is convenient for students to observe. The equipment is compact, the whole body is small and easy to move, and the CCD camera is connected to the computer and through the computer. Matlab software processes the phenomena to make them clear and convenient for students to observe.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a front view of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention.

In the picture: 1. Optical platform; 2. Semiconductor laser; 3. Laser bracket; 4. Beam expansion lens; 5. Beam expansion lens bracket; 6. Collimation lens; 7. Collimation lens bracket; 8. Interference element; 9 , interference element bracket; 10. linear sliding table; 11. sliding seat; 12. ball screw; 13. sliding rod; 14. coupling; 15. stepper motor; 16. screw nut; 17. sliding seat; 18. CCD camera; 19. CCD camera bracket; 20. Processor; 21. Computer; 22. Enclosure.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution: a small digital optical interferometer, including an optical platform 1, a semiconductor laser 2, a beam expander lens 4, a collimating lens 6, an interference element 8 and a CCD camera 18 , a laser bracket 3 is installed on one side of the optical platform 1, the semiconductor laser 2 is installed on the laser bracket 3, a beam expansion lens bracket 5 is installed in the middle of the optical platform 1 near the side of the laser bracket 3, and the beam expansion lens 4 is installed on the expander On the beam lens bracket 5, a collimating lens bracket 7 is installed in the middle of the optical platform 1. The collimating lens 6 is installed on the collimating lens bracket 7. A CCD camera bracket is installed on the other side of the optical platform 1 opposite to the laser bracket 3. 19. The CCD camera 18 is installed on the CCD camera bracket 19. The linear slide table 10 is installed on the optical platform 1 between the CCD camera bracket 19 and the collimating lens bracket 7. The interference element bracket 9 is installed on the upper end of the linear slide table 10. The interference element 8 is installed on the interference element bracket 9. A processor 20 is provided at the upper end of the optical platform 1. The processor 20 is connected to a computer 21 installed outside the optical platform 1. The linear slide 10 includes a slide base 11 and a ball screw. 12. Slide rod 13, coupling 14, stepper motor 15, screw nut 16 and sliding seat 17. A ball screw 12 is installed in the middle of the sliding seat 11, and two ball screws 12 are installed symmetrically on both sides. One end of the sliding rod 13 and the ball screw 12 is connected to the rotating shaft of the stepper motor 15 through a coupling 14. The ball screw 12 is equipped with a screw nut 16, and the screw nut 16 is installed with a sliding seat 17. The sliding seat 17 Both ends are slidingly connected with the two sliding rods 13. The interference element bracket 9 is installed on the sliding seat 17. The optical axes of the semiconductor laser 2, the beam expander lens 4 and the collimating lens 6 are all collinear. The sliding direction of the linear slide 10 is in line with The directions of the laser beams emitted by the semiconductor laser 2 are perpendicular to each other, the computer 21 is connected to the stepper motor 15, and the optical platform 1 is surrounded by enclosures 22.

When in use, the incident light beam emitted by the semiconductor laser 2 is transmitted to the beam expander lens 4 for beam expansion, and then the light beam is converged into parallel light through the collimator lens 6. The parallel light irradiates the interference element 8 and an interference phenomenon occurs, and information is collected through the CCD camera 18 The signal is transmitted to the computer 21, and then processed by the processor 20 to convert the light and dark stripes on the computer 21 into a light intensity distribution curve to facilitate students' observation. At the same time, the stepper motor 15 is controlled through the computer 21, and the rotating shaft of the stepper motor 15 passes through the coupling. The device 14 drives the ball screw 12 to rotate. The screw nut 16 on the ball screw 12 converts the rotational motion of the ball screw 12 into linear motion and drives the interference element 8 to move through the interference element bracket 9 to convert the interference phenomenon. This demonstration instrument It can demonstrate a series of interference phenomena such as Young's double slit interference experiment, Fresnel double prism interference experiment, Fresnel double mirror interference experiment, and double hole interference experiment.

In summary, the present invention solves the problems that the existing technical phenomenon is not accurate enough, inconvenient to move, and inconvenient for multiple people to watch by arranging the beam expander lens 4, the collimating lens 6, the linear slide 10 and the CCD camera 18.

It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that these entities or operations are mutually exclusive. any such actual relationship or sequence exists between them. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprises," or any other variation thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements, but also those not expressly listed other elements, or elements inherent to the process, method, article or equipment.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention. and modifications, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. A small digital optical interferometer, including an optical platform (1), a semiconductor laser (2), a beam expander lens (4), a collimating lens (6), an interference element (8) and a CCD camera (18), which The characteristics are: a laser bracket (3) is installed on one side of the optical platform (1), the semiconductor laser (2) is installed on the laser bracket (3), and the optical platform (1) is installed in the middle near the side of the laser bracket (3). There is a beam expansion lens bracket (5), the beam expansion lens (4) is installed on the beam expansion lens bracket (5), a collimation lens bracket (7) is installed in the middle of the optical platform (1), and the collimation lens (6) is installed On the collimating lens bracket (7), a CCD camera bracket (19) is installed on the other side of the optical platform (1) opposite to the laser bracket (3), and a CCD camera (18) is installed on the CCD camera bracket (19). , a linear slide table (10) is installed on the optical platform (1) between the CCD camera bracket (19) and the collimating lens bracket (7), and an interference element bracket (9) is installed on the upper end of the linear slide table (10). The interference element (8) is installed on the interference element bracket (9), and a processor (20) is provided on the upper side of the optical platform (1). The processor (20) and the computer (21) installed outside the optical platform (1) Connection, linear slide table (10) includes slide seat (11), ball screw (12), slide rod (13), coupling (14), stepper motor (15), screw nut (16) and sliding Seat (17), a ball screw (12) is installed in the middle of the sliding seat (11), two sliding rods (13) are installed symmetrically on both sides of the ball screw (12), one end of the ball screw (12) The coupling (14) is connected to the rotating shaft of the stepper motor (15). The ball screw (12) is installed with a screw nut (16). The screw nut (16) is installed with a sliding seat (17). The sliding seat Both ends of (17) are slidingly connected to the two sliding rods (13), the interference element bracket (9) is installed on the sliding seat (17), and the computer (21) is connected to the stepper motor (15); When in use, the incident light beam emitted by the semiconductor laser (2) is transmitted to the beam expander lens (4) for beam expansion, and then the light beam is converged into parallel light through the collimator lens (6), and the parallel light irradiates the interference element (8) to cause interference. phenomenon, collect information through the CCD camera (18) and transmit the signal to the computer (21), and then process it through the processor (20) to convert the light and dark stripes on the computer (21) into a light intensity distribution curve, which is convenient for students to observe, and at the same time, through The computer (21) controls the stepper motor (15). The rotating shaft of the stepper motor (15) drives the ball screw (12) to rotate through the coupling (14). The screw nut (16) on the ball screw (12) will The rotational motion of the ball screw (12) is converted into linear motion and drives the interference element (8) to move through the interference element bracket (9) to convert the interference phenomenon. 2. A small digital optical interferometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the optical axes of the semiconductor laser (2), the beam expansion lens (4) and the collimating lens (6) are highly collinear. 3. A small digital optical interferometer according to claim 1, characterized in that: the sliding direction of the linear slide (10) is perpendicular to the direction of the laser beam emitted by the semiconductor laser (2). 4. A small digital optical interferometer according to claim 1, characterized in that enclosures (22) are installed around the optical platform (1).