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CN108761936B - 一种垂直取向型液晶显示器 - Google Patents

一种垂直取向型液晶显示器 Download PDF

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CN108761936B
CN108761936B CN201810284064.7A CN201810284064A CN108761936B CN 108761936 B CN108761936 B CN 108761936B CN 201810284064 A CN201810284064 A CN 201810284064A CN 108761936 B CN108761936 B CN 108761936B
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CN108761936A (zh
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郝思坤
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Semiconductor Display Technology Co Ltd
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    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/136Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
    • G02F1/1362Active matrix addressed cells
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    • H10D86/00Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
    • H10D86/40Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs
    • H10D86/481Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs integrated with passive devices, e.g. auxiliary capacitors
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H10DINORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D86/00Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
    • H10D86/40Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs
    • H10D86/60Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple TFTs wherein the TFTs are in active matrices
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    • G09GARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00Control of display operating conditions
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    • G09G3/34Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
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Abstract

本发明提供一种垂直取向型液晶显示器,其包括:多条数据线、多条扫描线,所述多条数据线和所述多条扫描线交叉形成多个像素区域,每一像素区域均由相邻的两条数据线与相邻的两条扫描线围成;每一像素区域均包含一个开关薄膜晶体管和一个子像素,所述开关薄膜晶体管的栅极和漏极分别与所述扫描线和所述数据线连接,所述开关薄膜晶体管的源极与所述子像素连接;在同一行相邻的两个像素区域中,两个开关薄膜晶体管的源极之间串联一个第一电容,且每一所述开关薄膜晶体管的源极只与一个所述第一电容连接。本发明可以改善液晶显示器的视角色偏和对比度下降等缺点。

Description

一种垂直取向型液晶显示器
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域,尤其涉及一种垂直取向型液晶显示器。
背景技术
液晶显示器是目前使用最广泛的一种平板显示器,已经逐渐成为各种电子设备如移动电话、个人数字助理(PDA,Personal Digital Assistant)、数字相机、计算机屏幕或笔记本电脑屏幕所广泛应用具有高分辨率彩色屏幕的显示器。目前普遍采用的液晶显示器,通常有上下衬底和中间液晶层组成,衬底有玻璃和电极等组成。如果上下衬底都有电极,可以形成纵向电场模式的显示器,如TN(Twist Nematic,扭转向列型)模式,VA(VerticalAlignment,垂直取向型)模式,以及为了解决视角过窄开发的MVA(Multi-domain VerticalAlignment,多畴垂直取向)模式。另外一类与上述显示器不同,电极只位于衬底的一侧,形成横向电场模式的显示器,如IPS(In-plane switching,面内转换)模式、FFS(FringeField Switching,广视角技术)模式等。与阴极射线管显示器相比,薄膜晶体管显示器(Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display,TFT-LCD)的视角相对较窄,这就为其在对视角要求严格的高端显示领域的应用带来了很大局限,如航空航天、医疗等领域。随着LCD领域广视角技术的迅速发展,目前很多产品的视角已经可以达到水平视角和垂直视角分别为85°/85°,甚至更大的视角。
LCD广视角技术目前主要包括多畴垂直取向(Multi-domain VerticalAlignment)技术和面内转换(In Plane Switching,IPS)技术。垂直取向模式的优点是正面对比度高,通常可以达到4000:1及以上;IPS技术通过在TFT(薄膜晶体管)阵列基板上形成平行且重复分布的像素电极和公用电极,使液晶分子在水平电场的作用下转动,从而形成广视角,但是其对比相对较低,通常在2000:1以下。
图1所示为目前液晶显示器常用的驱动电路,该种驱动电路中,数据线沿垂直方向分布,扫描线沿水平方向分布,每个子像素对应一条数据线和一条扫描线,红色子像素、绿色子像素和蓝色子像素沿水平方向间隔分布。图1中DR1、DG1、DB1分别表示第一列红色子像素、第一列绿色子像素和第一列蓝色子像素对应的数据线,DRn、DGn、DBn分别表示第n列红色子像素、第n列绿色子像素和第n列蓝色子像素对应的数据线;G1……Gn表示扫描线。
图2所示为垂直取向型液晶显示器不同视角下的伽马曲线,最下面的一条曲线为0°视角对应的伽马曲线,最上面的一条曲线为70°视角对应的伽马曲线,这两条伽马曲线之间由下至上依次对应10°视角、20°视角、30°视角、40°视角、50°视角、60°视角对应的伽马曲线,可以看出中低灰阶的大视角伽马曲线上浮,高灰阶的伽马曲线下沉,还可以看出相同灰阶下,10°视角至70°视角对应的液晶显示器的穿透率大于0°视角对应的穿透率,导致10°视角至70°视角对应的液晶显示器的色偏大于0°视角的色偏。基于上述像素设计的液晶显示器视角特性差,影响显示品质,对应的液晶显示器出现大视角(例如70°视角)对比度下降,颜色如同被水洗掉。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种垂直取向型液晶显示器,可以改善液晶显示器的视角色偏和对比度下降等缺点。
本发明提供的一种垂直取向型液晶显示器,包括:多条数据线、多条扫描线,所述多条数据线和所述多条扫描线交叉形成多个像素区域,每一像素区域均由相邻的两条数据线与相邻的两条扫描线围成;
每一像素区域均包含一个开关薄膜晶体管和一个子像素,所述开关薄膜晶体管的栅极和漏极分别与所述扫描线和所述数据线连接,所述开关薄膜晶体管的源极与所述子像素连接;
在同一行相邻的两个像素区域中,两个开关薄膜晶体管的源极之间串联一个第一电容,且每一所述开关薄膜晶体管的源极只与一个所述第一电容连接。
优选地,同一行像素区域中的开关薄膜晶体管由该行像素区域两侧的扫描线共同驱动。
优选地,同一像素区域中相邻的两个开关薄膜晶体管的栅极分别与该行像素区域两侧的扫描线连接。
优选地,同一行像素区域中且位于奇数列像素区域的开关薄膜晶体管连接在同一条扫描线上,同一行像素区域中且位于偶数列像素区域的开关薄膜晶体管也连接在同一条扫描线上。
优选地,同一列的开关薄膜晶体管的漏极与同一条数据线连接,且同一行像素区域中的多个开关薄膜晶体管分别与不同的数据线连接。
优选地,所述子像素为一个液晶电容,所述液晶电容包括相对设置的像素电极和公共电极,所述开关薄膜晶体管的源极与所述像素电极连接。
优选地,每一行像素区域中的子像素均为红色子像素、绿色子像素以及蓝色子像素中的一种。
优选地,在所述液晶显示器工作时,所述多条数据线均用于接入波形相同的数据信号,或者所述多条数据线中有一部分数据线用于接入波形相同的数据信号,另一部分数据线则用于接入波形相反的数据信号。
实施本发明,具有如下有益效果:本发明通过在同一行且相邻的两个像素区域中的开关薄膜晶体管之间串联一个第一电容,在该相邻的两个像素区域中的前一个子像素充电完成后,再给后一个子像素充电时,可以通过第一电容将前一个子像素的驱动电压提高,使得该相邻两个像素区域中的子像素中有一个是高驱动电压进行驱动,另一个是低驱动电压进行驱动。采用高驱动电压的子像素对应的像素区域作为主像素区域,采用低驱动电压的子像素对应的像素区域作为次像素区域,多个主像素区域和多个子像素区域相互间隔排布。
主像素区域中的子像素的驱动电压大于次像素区域中的子像素的驱动电压,即主像素区域中子像素发光的亮度大于次像素区域中的子像素发光的亮度,而主像素区域和次像素区域又是间隔分布的,主像素区域的亮度和子像素区域的亮度会相互中和,可以降低垂直取向型液晶显示器的视角色偏,尤其是一些大视角色偏,例如70°视角等,以及改善液晶显示器的对比度下降的缺点。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明提供的背景技术中液晶显示器的驱动电路示意图。
图2是本发明提供的垂直取向型液晶显示器不同视角的伽马曲线图。
图3是本发明提供的垂直取向型液晶显示器的驱动电路示意图。
图4是本发明提供的各种颜色子像素的排布示意图。
图5是本发明提供的垂直取向型液晶显示器的驱动时序图。
图6a是本发明提供的低驱动电压对应的液晶偏转示意图。
图6b是本发明提供的高驱动电压对应的液晶偏转示意图。
图6c是本发明提供的高驱动电压和低驱动电压相结合对应的液晶偏转示意图。
图7a是本发明提供的低驱动电压对应的液晶显示器的视角与亮度关系曲线图。
图7b是本发明提供的高驱动电压对应的液晶显示器的视角与亮度关系曲线图。
图7c是本发明提供高驱动电压的子像素和低驱动电压相结合所对应的液晶显示器的视角与亮度关系曲线图。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种垂直取向型液晶显示器,如图3所示,该液晶显示器包括:多条数据线D1、D2、D3、D4……、多条扫描线G1、G2、……、G7……,多条数据线和多条扫描线交叉形成多个像素区域,每一像素区域均由相邻的两条数据线与相邻的两条扫描线围成。例如数据线D1、D2与扫描线G1、G2围成的一个像素区域。
每一像素区域均包含一个开关薄膜晶体管T1和一个子像素,开关薄膜晶体管T1的栅极和漏极分别与扫描线和数据线连接,开关薄膜晶体管T1的源极与子像素连接。当扫描线上的扫描信号打开开关薄膜晶体管时,数据线上的数据信号输出至子像素,驱动子像素发光。
在同一行相邻的两个像素区域中,两个开关薄膜晶体管T1的源极之间串联一个第一电容C1,且每一开关薄膜晶体管T1的源极只与一个第一电容C1连接。
例如,第一行第一列的开关薄膜晶体管T1的源极与第一行第二列的开关薄膜晶体管T1的源极之间串联连接一个第一电容C1,第一行第n列的开关薄膜晶体管T1的源极与第一行第n+1列的开关薄膜晶体管T1的源极之间串联连接一个第一电容C1,n为大于0的奇数。在第二行像素区域中,第一行第n列的开关薄膜晶体管T1的源极与第一行第n+1列的开关薄膜晶体管T1的源极之间串联连接一个第一电容C1,n可以为大于0的奇数,n也可以为大于0的偶数。
液晶显示器在工作时,在第一时刻,先通过第一行扫描线G1将第一行像素区域中连接在第一行扫描线G1上的开关薄膜晶体管T1打开,第一列数据线D1通过开关薄膜晶体管T1输出数据信号至子像素,给子像素进行充电,先给第一行第一列的子像素充电至10V,即该子像素的驱动电压是10V;下一时刻,将第一行第一列的开关薄膜晶体管T1关断,将第一行第二列的开关薄膜晶体管T1打开,给第一行第二列的子像素充电,将第一行第二列的子像素也充电至10V,那么通过第一行第一列的开关薄膜晶体管T1与第一行第二列的开关薄膜晶体管之间的第一电容C1,可以提升第一行第一列子像素的驱动电压,例如,可以将第一行第一列子像素的驱动电压提升至12V。使得第一行第一列子像素的驱动电压与第一行第二列子像素的驱动电压不相同,形成高驱动电压和低驱动电压的两个子像素。
因此,在驱动液晶显示器进行显示时,同一行且相邻的两个像素区域中的子像素的驱动电压不相同,采用高驱动电压的子像素对应的像素区域作为主像素区域,采用低驱动电压的子像素对应的像素区域作为次像素区域,多个主像素区域和多个子像素区域相互间隔排布。
进一步地,同一行像素区域中的所有开关薄膜晶体管T1由该行像素区域两侧的扫描线共同驱动。
进一步地,同一像素区域中相邻的两个开关薄膜晶体管T1的栅极分别与该行像素区域两侧的扫描线连接。
进一步地,同一行像素区域中且位于奇数列像素区域的开关薄膜晶体管T1连接在同一条扫描线上,同一行像素区域中且位于偶数列像素区域的开关薄膜晶体管T1也连接在同一条扫描线上。
进一步地,同一列的开关薄膜晶体管T1的漏极与同一条数据线连接,且同一行像素区域中的多个开关薄膜晶体管分别与不同的数据线连接。
进一步地,子像素为一个液晶电容C2,液晶电容C2包括相对设置的像素电极和公共电极,开关薄膜晶体管T1的源极与像素电极连接。液晶电容C2的公共电极与彩膜基板的公共电极线CFcom连接。
进一步地,每一行像素区域中的子像素均为红色子像素、绿色子像素以及蓝色子像素中的一种,且相邻三行像素区域中包含有红色子像素、绿色子像素以及蓝色子像素。
在一实施例中,红色子像素、绿色子像素、蓝色子像素的分布如图4所示,图4中,1表示液晶显示器,MR、SR分别表示主像素区域红色子像素、次像素区域红色子像素,MG、SG分别表示主像素区域绿色子像素、次像素区域绿色子像素,MB、SB分别表示主像素区域蓝色子像素、次像素区域蓝色子像素。
进一步地,在液晶显示器工作时,多条数据线均用于接入波形相同的数据信号,或者多条数据线中有一部分数据线用于接入波形相同的数据信号,另一部分数据线则用于接入波形相反的数据信号。如图5所示,数据线D1、D2、D3、D4上接入数据信号的波形可以完全相同,也可以分别接入波形相反的数据信号。
综上所述,本发明通过在同一行且相邻的两个像素区域中的开关薄膜晶体管之间串联一个第一电容,在该相邻的两个像素区域中的前一个子像素充电完成后,再给后一个子像素充电时,可以通过第一电容将前一个子像素的驱动电压提高,使得该相邻两个像素区域中的子像素中有一个是高驱动电压进行驱动,另一个是低驱动电压进行驱动。采用高驱动电压的子像素对应的像素区域作为主像素区域,采用低驱动电压的子像素对应的像素区域作为次像素区域,多个主像素区域和多个子像素区域相互间隔排布。
主像素区域中的子像素的驱动电压大于次像素区域中的子像素的驱动电压,即主像素区域中子像素发光的亮度大于次像素区域中的子像素发光的亮度,而主像素区域和次像素区域又是间隔分布的,主像素区域的亮度和子像素区域的亮度会相互中和,可以降低垂直取向型液晶显示器的视角色偏,尤其是一些大视角色偏,例如70°视角等,以及改善液晶显示器的对比度下降的缺点。
例如,如图6a、6b、6c所示,分别对应低驱动电压、高驱动电压以及高驱动电压和低驱动电压混合对应的液晶的偏转角度,2表示像素电极,3表示公共电极,4表示液晶,5表示用于给液晶配向的装置,20表示像素电极层。在低驱动电压下,液晶偏转角度角度(液晶与竖直方向夹角)较小,在高驱动电压下,液晶偏转角度较大。
如图7a、7b、7c所示,分别对应低驱动电压、高驱动电压以及高驱动电压和低驱动电压混合对应的液晶显示区的视角与亮度的关系。当液晶显示器采用本发明的高驱动电压和低驱动电压相混合的方式进行驱动时,液晶显示器在正负50度视角范围内的亮度波动不大,例如,液晶显示器在正负50度视角的亮度与0度视角的亮度相差不大,因此可以改善液晶显示器的视角色偏。
因此,本发明可以改善液晶显示器的视角和色偏,提升画面显示品质。
以上内容是结合具体的优选实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明,不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干简单推演或替换,都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种垂直取向型液晶显示器,其特征在于,包括:多条数据线、多条扫描线,所述多条数据线和所述多条扫描线交叉形成多个像素区域,每一像素区域均由相邻的两条数据线与相邻的两条扫描线围成;
每一像素区域均包含一个开关薄膜晶体管和一个子像素,所述开关薄膜晶体管的栅极和漏极分别与所述扫描线和所述数据线连接,所述开关薄膜晶体管的源极与所述子像素连接;
在同一行相邻的两个像素区域中,两个开关薄膜晶体管的源极之间串联一个第一电容,且每一所述开关薄膜晶体管的源极只与一个所述第一电容连接;
其中,液晶显示器在工作时,在第一时刻,先通过第一行扫描线将第一行像素区域中连接在第一行扫描线上的开关薄膜晶体管打开,第一列数据线通过开关薄膜晶体管T1输出数据信号至子像素,给第一行第一列的子像素充电至10V;下一时刻,将第一行第一列的开关薄膜晶体管关断,将第一行第二列的开关薄膜晶体管打开,将第一行第二列的子像素也充电至10V;通过第一行第一列的开关薄膜晶体管与第一行第二列的开关薄膜晶体管之间的第一电容,提升第一行第一列子像素的驱动电压,形成高驱动电压和低驱动电压的两个子像素。
2.根据权利要求1所述的垂直取向型液晶显示器,其特征在于,同一行像素区域中的开关薄膜晶体管由该行像素区域两侧的扫描线共同驱动。
3.根据权利要求2所述的垂直取向型液晶显示器,其特征在于,同一像素区域中相邻的两个开关薄膜晶体管的栅极分别与该行像素区域两侧的扫描线连接。
4.根据权利要求3所述的垂直取向型液晶显示器,其特征在于,同一行像素区域中且位于奇数列像素区域的开关薄膜晶体管连接在同一条扫描线上,同一行像素区域中且位于偶数列像素区域的开关薄膜晶体管也连接在同一条扫描线上。
5.根据权利要求1所述的垂直取向型液晶显示器,其特征在于,同一列的开关薄膜晶体管的漏极与同一条数据线连接,且同一行像素区域中的多个开关薄膜晶体管分别与不同的数据线连接。
6.根据权利要求1所述的垂直取向型液晶显示器,其特征在于,所述子像素为一个液晶电容,所述液晶电容包括相对设置的像素电极和公共电极,所述开关薄膜晶体管的源极与所述像素电极连接。
7.根据权利要求1所述的垂直取向型液晶显示器,其特征在于,每一行像素区域中的子像素均为红色子像素、绿色子像素以及蓝色子像素中的一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的垂直取向型液晶显示器,其特征在于,在所述液晶显示器工作时,所述多条数据线均用于接入波形相同的数据信号,或者所述多条数据线中有一部分数据线用于接入波形相同的数据信号,另一部分数据线则用于接入波形相反的数据信号。
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