CN108760492A - The detection method of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites room temperature tensile properties - Google Patents
The detection method of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites room temperature tensile properties Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000011226 reinforced ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000011153 ceramic matrix composite Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920006335 epoxy glue Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2873—Cutting or cleaving
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of detection methods of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites room temperature tensile properties, according to the Main way cutting sampling of ceramic matrix composite, have the effect of to the performance of the accurate evaluation material very positive, the width-thickness ratio of the sample is 1.65-1.86：1, the sample of the width-thickness ratio can effectively keep sample fiber effectively first, ensure that measured value accuracy is high.It even if sample has defect on width or thickness direction, can again be processed on the basis of meeting width-thickness ratio, improve the use value of sample.Then reinforced sheet is pasted on sample, displacement meter is installed in sample marking distance or pastes foil gauge, and will be on the collet of the specimen clamping to test machine；Load stretching, and acquisition testing data are carried out to sample, for obtaining the corresponding tensile property data of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites through data processing.Whole operation methodological science is reasonable, has the effect of to the performance of the accurate evaluation material very positive.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection of ceramic mechanics, in particular to a method for detecting the tensile property of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature.
Background
At present, various testing methods and standards for the tensile property of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature exist, data obtained according to different standards are different, and meanwhile, the deviation of the testing result is large due to the fact that the sampling directions of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic materials with different structures are different. These phenomena have disadvantages in accurately characterizing the properties of the material in detail, and thus are liable to bring quality risks to the product.
As a porous ceramic material, the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite cannot avoid obvious defects such as holes, cracks and the like in the sample processing and preparation process, if the standard size requirement is strictly met, the phenomenon that a defective test sample cannot be used as a defective part exists, the cost is increased and the test period is prolonged by preparing the sample again. Based on the method, the novel size is invented, even if the sample has defects in the width direction or the thickness direction, the sample can be processed again on the basis of meeting the width-thickness ratio, and the use value of the test piece is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for detecting the tensile property of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for testing the tensile properties of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature, comprising the steps of:
determining the cutting direction during sampling according to the weaving direction of the fiber reinforcement of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite, and cutting and processing the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite to obtain a sample, wherein the width-thickness ratio of the sample is (1.65-1.86): 1;
adhering a reinforcing sheet on a sample, installing a displacement meter or adhering a strain gauge in the sample gauge length, and clamping the sample on a chuck of a testing machine;
and loading and stretching the sample, and collecting detection data for data processing to obtain corresponding tensile property data of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite.
The fiber reinforcement in the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material has different structures such as needling, sewing, 2.5D, three-dimensional and the like, and the performance tested by different structures and different fiber weaving directions is also greatly different. For example, the tensile strength in the axial direction and the radial direction of the fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material with the needle punched structure is about 20MPa, and the normal direction is less than 10 MPa. 2.5D weaving the structure prefabricated body, wherein the radial stretching is 70MPa, and the latitudinal stretching is 30 MPa. Therefore, there is a big disadvantage in not distinguishing the main direction when processing the sample and accurately evaluating the material performance. Therefore, the cutting direction of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material during sampling is determined according to the weaving direction of the fiber reinforcement body. The cutting direction specifically includes at least one of an axial direction, a radial direction, and a normal direction.
During sample preparation, cutting is strictly carried out according to the main directions (axial direction, radial direction, normal direction and the like) of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic composite material, and the fiber direction and the layering direction conform to the test requirements.
The width-thickness ratio of the sample is (1.65-1.86): the conclusion that 1 is obtained by a large number of experiments is that the sample with the width-thickness ratio can effectively keep the effective element of the sample fiber, the obtained detection value is very close to the qualified standard sample, the measured value has high accuracy, and particularly when the sample width-thickness ratio is (1.74-1.86): 1, the measured value is relatively more accurate. When the tensile property is detected, the stress direction of the sample is along the length direction, and when the width-thickness ratio is less than (1.65: 1), the fiber effective elements in the sample can be damaged by naked eyes, and the measured value is far lower than the real value; when the width-to-thickness ratio is greater than (1.86: 1), the force applied to the sample by the clamp varies, and when the width-to-thickness ratio is greater than 2.2:1, the load is severely distorted.
Further, the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material remains or nearly remains unchanged along the thickness direction of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material during the sample preparation process.
The length of the test specimen was 150. + -.10 mm.
The sample is one of a straight strip type, a dumbbell type and a special type.
The dimensions of the test specimen meet one of the following requirements,
the size of the straight strip type sample is 150 (+ -0.5) mm multiplied by 18 (+ -0.2) mm multiplied by 10 (+ -0.2) mm, and the parallelism is less than or equal to 0.05 mm;
the size of the dumbbell-shaped sample is that the total length is 150 +/-0.5 mm, the calibration length is 80 +/-0.2 mm, the thickness is 10 +/-0.2 mm, the calibration width is 15 +/-0.2 mm, the clamping width is 18 +/-0.2 mm, the transfer radius is 35 +/-2 mm, and the parallelism is less than or equal to 0.05 mm;
the special sample size is 150mm plus or minus 0.5mm in total length, and the width/thickness is (1.72-1.86): 1.
and (3) carrying out coarse grinding on the sample by using sand paper during processing, and finely grinding the surface by using sand paper before adhering the reinforcing sheet. Through the process that the thickness grind combines together, firstly can guarantee machining efficiency and quality, secondly can bring the suitable roughness of surface of sample, realize combining with the high strength of enhancement piece, be unlikely to the inefficacy that comes unstuck among the test procedure, simultaneously, sticky enhancement piece does not bring the damage to detecting the base member, does not influence the detection data.
Wherein, the width of the reinforcing sheet is equal or nearly equal to that of the sample, the thickness is 1-2mm, and the material is one of aluminum alloy or glass cloth reinforced epoxy material.
The tensile property data includes at least one of tensile modulus of elasticity, poisson's ratio, elongation at break, plotted stress-strain curve, and tensile strength.
When at least one of tensile elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, elongation at break and stress-strain curve is measured, the loading rate is 0.1-0.9mm/min,
when the tensile strength is tested, the loading rate is 1.5-2.5 mm/min.
And when at least one of the tensile elastic modulus and the Poisson ratio is measured, a graded loading mode is adopted to collect longitudinal strain values and transverse strain values. The invention can bring maximum data with least work and improve efficiency through the original grading loading.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method for detecting the tensile property of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature determines the cutting direction during sampling according to the weaving direction of the fiber reinforcement of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite, cuts and processes the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite to prepare the sample, cuts and samples according to the main directions (axial direction, radial direction, normal direction and the like) of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite, and has very positive effect on accurately evaluating the performance of the material, wherein the width-thickness ratio of the sample is (1.65-1.86): the width-thickness ratio test sample can effectively keep the effective element of the sample fiber, ensures high accuracy of an actual measurement value, and avoids the situations that the width-thickness ratio is too small, the effective element of the fiber in the test sample is damaged, the actual measurement value is far lower than the actual value, the width-thickness ratio is too large, the force applied to the test sample by the clamp is changed, and the load distortion is caused. Even if the sample has defects in the width or thickness direction, the sample can be processed again on the basis of meeting the width-thickness ratio, and the use value of the sample is improved. Then, adhering a reinforcing sheet on the sample, installing a displacement meter or adhering a strain gauge in the sample gauge length, and clamping the sample on a chuck of a testing machine; and loading and stretching the sample, and collecting detection data for data processing to obtain corresponding tensile property data of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite. The whole operation method is scientific and reasonable, simple and feasible, quick and effective, low in cost and high in measured value accuracy, and has a very positive effect on accurately evaluating the performance of the material.
2. According to the method for detecting the tensile property of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature, disclosed by the invention, the processing efficiency and quality of the sample are ensured by adopting a process of combining coarse grinding and fine grinding, the high-strength combination with the reinforcing sheet is realized through the appropriate surface roughness of the sample, the degumming failure in the test process is prevented, meanwhile, no damage is caused to a detection matrix, the detection data is not influenced, and the accuracy of the detection data is further improved. Through an original grading loading mode, the efficiency is improved, the maximum data are brought by the least work, and the detection method is popularized.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following embodiments are provided to further explain the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment provides a method for detecting the tensile property of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature, which comprises the following steps:
and S1, determining the cutting direction during sampling according to the weaving direction of the fiber reinforcement of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite, and cutting and processing the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite to obtain a sample.
During sample preparation, cutting is strictly carried out according to the main directions (such as axial direction, radial direction, normal direction and the like) of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic composite material, and the fiber direction and the layering direction conform to the test requirements.
The continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material is kept or approximately kept unchanged along the thickness direction of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material, namely the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material is kept unchanged in the original state as much as possible along the thickness direction, and cutting or processing is not carried out as much as possible.
The sample is roughly ground with 150-mesh or larger sand paper during processing.
The sample is a straight strip type, the size of the straight strip type sample is 150(± 0.5) mm × 18(± 0.2) mm × 10(± 0.2) mm, and the parallelism is less than or equal to 0.05 mm.
And S2, adhering a reinforcing sheet on the sample, installing a displacement meter or adhering a strain gauge in the sample gauge length, and clamping the sample on a chuck of the testing machine.
And S1, conducting rough grinding by using 150-mesh or more abrasive paper during processing, before testing, polishing the surface by using 300-mesh or more abrasive paper, cleaning and drying by using acetone, and adhering a reinforcing sheet by using epoxy glue, wherein the width of the reinforcing sheet is equal to or nearly equal to that of a test sample, the thickness of the reinforcing sheet is 1-2mm, and the material can be one of aluminum alloy or glass cloth reinforced epoxy materials.
And S3, loading and stretching the sample, and collecting detection data for data processing to obtain corresponding stretching performance data of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite.
When the tensile elastic modulus, the Poisson ratio and the elongation at break are measured and a stress-strain curve is drawn, the loading rate is 0.5mm/min, and when the tensile strength is tested, the loading rate is 2 mm/min.
For the determination of the tensile modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, values of strain in the longitudinal and transverse directions were recorded, for example, at 500N, 1000N, 1500N, 2000N and 2500N, using a step-loading method.
When the phenomena of obvious internal defects at the broken part of the sample, the sample breakage at the clamping position, sample sliding, strain gauge sliding and the like occur in the detection or the test, the result is discarded.
Tensile strength pressThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
σtin order to obtain a tensile stress (MPa),
f is the breaking load or maximum load (N),
a is the original cross-sectional area (mm) of the sample2)。
The original area a of the straight sample is Wd, W is the width (mm) of the straight sample, and d is the thickness (mm) of the sample.
Elongation at break ofThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
εtin order to obtain the elongation at break of the test piece,
ΔLbis a gauge length L of a sample at the time of tensile fracture0The elongation (mm) of (a),
L0is the gauge length (mm) measured.
Tensile modulus of elasticityThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
Etis a tensile elastic modulus (MPa),
deltaf is the load increment (N) of the straight line segment on the load-deformation curve,
Δ L is a gauge length L corresponding to a load increment Δ F0Inner incremental deformation (mm).
Poisson ratio pressThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
mu is the poisson's ratio and,
ε1for axial strain corresponding to the load increment deltaf,
ε2is the transverse strain corresponding to the load increment af.
Respective tensile Property data, i.e. respective tensile Property measurementsThe test results are the average values of the effective test results of the corresponding tensile properties, and can be calculated according to the test resultsThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
standard deviation of tensile Property data inThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
variable coefficient of tensile property dataThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
Xifor the test results (test data),
and n is the effective test times.
Example two:
the embodiment provides a method for detecting the tensile property of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature, which comprises the following steps:
and S1, determining the cutting direction during sampling according to the weaving direction of the fiber reinforcement of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite, and cutting and processing the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite to obtain a sample.
During sample preparation, cutting is strictly carried out according to the main directions (such as axial direction, radial direction, normal direction and the like) of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic composite material, and the fiber direction and the layering direction conform to the test requirements.
The continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material remains or nearly remains unchanged along the thickness direction of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material, i.e., remains unchanged as much as possible in the thickness direction.
The sample is roughly ground with 150-mesh or larger sand paper during processing.
The sample is dumbbell-shaped, the size of the dumbbell-shaped sample is 150 +/-0.5 mm in total length, 80 +/-0.2 mm in calibration length, 10 +/-0.2 mm in thickness, 15 +/-0.2 mm in calibration width, 18 +/-0.2 mm in clamping width, 35 +/-2 mm in transfer radius and less than or equal to 0.05mm in parallelism.
And S2, adhering a reinforcing sheet on the sample, installing a displacement meter or adhering a strain gauge in the sample gauge length, and clamping the sample on a chuck of the testing machine.
And S1, conducting rough grinding by using 150-mesh or more abrasive paper during processing, before testing, polishing the surface by using 300-mesh or more abrasive paper, cleaning and drying by using acetone, and adhering a reinforcing sheet by using epoxy glue, wherein the width of the reinforcing sheet is equal to or nearly equal to that of a test sample, the thickness of the reinforcing sheet is 1-2mm, and the material can be one of aluminum alloy or glass cloth reinforced epoxy materials.
And S3, loading and stretching the sample, and collecting detection data for data processing to obtain corresponding stretching performance data of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite.
The tensile property data includes at least one of tensile modulus of elasticity, poisson's ratio, elongation at break, plotted stress-strain curve, and tensile strength.
Wherein,
when at least one of tensile elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, elongation at break and stress-strain curve is measured, the loading rate is 0.1-0.9mm/min,
when the tensile strength is tested, the loading rate is 1.5-2.5 mm/min.
At least one of the tensile modulus of elasticity and the Poisson's ratio is measured by recording longitudinal and transverse strain values of, for example, 500N, 1000N, 1500N, 2000N and 2500N in a graded loading manner.
When the phenomena of obvious internal defects at the broken part of the sample, the sample breakage at the clamping position, sample sliding, strain gauge sliding and the like occur in the detection or the test, the result is discarded.
Tensile strength pressThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
σtin order to obtain a tensile stress (MPa),
f is the breaking load or maximum load (N),
a is the original cross-sectional area (mm) of the sample2)。
Original area of dumbbell specimen (W ═ A)1d，W1The width (mm) of the dumbbell specimen and the thickness (mm) of the specimen.
Elongation at break ofThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
εtin order to obtain the elongation at break of the test piece,
ΔLbis a gauge length L of a sample at the time of tensile fracture0The elongation (mm) of (a),
L0is the gauge length (mm) measured.
Tensile modulus of elasticityThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
Etis a tensile elastic modulus (MPa),
deltaf is the load increment (N) of the straight line segment on the load-deformation curve,
Δ L is a gauge length L corresponding to a load increment Δ F0Inner incremental deformation (mm).
Poisson ratio pressThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
mu is the poisson's ratio and,
ε1for axial strain corresponding to the load increment deltaf,
ε2is the transverse strain corresponding to the load increment af.
Each tensile property data, i.e. each tensile property test result, is the average of the corresponding tensile property valid test results, and can be calculated asThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
standard deviation of tensile Property data inThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
variable coefficient of tensile property dataThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
Xifor the test results (test data),
and n is the effective test times.
Example three:
the embodiment provides a method for detecting the tensile property of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature, which comprises the following steps:
and S1, determining the cutting direction during sampling according to the weaving direction of the fiber reinforcement of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite, and cutting and processing the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite to obtain a sample.
During sample preparation, cutting is strictly carried out according to the main directions (such as axial direction, radial direction, normal direction and the like) of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic composite material, and the fiber direction and the layering direction conform to the test requirements.
The continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material remains or nearly remains unchanged along the thickness direction of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material, i.e., remains unchanged as much as possible in the thickness direction.
The sample is roughly ground with 150-mesh or larger sand paper during processing.
The sample is a special type, the size of the special type sample is the total length of 150 +/-0.5 mm, and the width/thickness is (1.72-1.86): 1.
and S2, adhering a reinforcing sheet on the sample, installing a displacement meter or adhering a strain gauge in the sample gauge length, and clamping the sample on a chuck of the testing machine.
And S1, conducting rough grinding by using 150-mesh or more abrasive paper during processing, before testing, polishing the surface by using 300-mesh or more abrasive paper, cleaning and drying by using acetone, and adhering a reinforcing sheet by using epoxy glue, wherein the width of the reinforcing sheet is equal to or nearly equal to that of a test sample, the thickness of the reinforcing sheet is 1-2mm, and the material can be one of aluminum alloy or glass cloth reinforced epoxy materials.
And S3, loading and stretching the sample, and collecting detection data for data processing to obtain corresponding stretching performance data of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite.
The tensile property data includes at least one of tensile modulus of elasticity, poisson's ratio, elongation at break, plotted stress-strain curve, and tensile strength.
Wherein,
when at least one of tensile elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, elongation at break and stress-strain curve is measured, the loading rate is 0.1-0.9mm/min,
when the tensile strength is tested, the loading rate is 1.5-2.5 mm/min.
At least one of the tensile modulus of elasticity and the Poisson's ratio is measured by recording longitudinal and transverse strain values of, for example, 500N, 1000N, 1500N, 2000N and 2500N in a graded loading manner.
When the phenomena of obvious internal defects at the broken part of the sample, the sample breakage at the clamping position, sample sliding, strain gauge sliding and the like occur in the detection or the test, the result is discarded.
Tensile strength pressThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
σtin order to obtain a tensile stress (MPa),
f is the breaking load or maximum load (N),
a is the original cross-sectional area (mm) of the sample2)。
Elongation at break ofThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
εtin order to obtain the elongation at break of the test piece,
ΔLbis a gauge length L of a sample at the time of tensile fracture0The elongation (mm) of (a),
L0is the gauge length (mm) measured.
Tensile modulus of elasticityThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
Etis a tensile elastic modulus (MPa),
deltaf is the load increment (N) of the straight line segment on the load-deformation curve,
Δ L is a gauge length L corresponding to a load increment Δ F0Inner incremental deformation (mm).
Poisson ratio pressThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
mu is the poisson's ratio and,
ε1for axial strain corresponding to the load increment deltaf,
ε2is the transverse strain corresponding to the load increment af.
Each tensile property data, i.e. each tensile property test result, is the average of the corresponding tensile property valid test results, and can be calculated asThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
standard deviation of tensile Property data inThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
variable coefficient of tensile property dataThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
Xifor the test results (test data),
and n is the effective test times.
Example four:
the embodiment provides a method for detecting the tensile property of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining the cutting direction during sampling according to the weaving direction of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite fiber reinforcement, cutting and processing the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite to obtain a sample, wherein the width-thickness ratio of the sample is (1.74-1.86): 1.
during sample preparation, cutting is strictly carried out according to the main directions (such as axial direction, radial direction, normal direction and the like) of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic composite material, and the fiber direction and the layering direction conform to the test requirements.
The continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material remains or nearly remains unchanged along the thickness direction of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material, i.e., remains unchanged as much as possible in the thickness direction.
The sample is roughly ground with 150-mesh or larger sand paper during processing.
The length of the test specimen was 150. + -. 0.5 mm.
The sample is one of a straight strip type, a dumbbell type and a special type.
And S2, adhering a reinforcing sheet on the sample, installing a displacement meter or adhering a strain gauge in the sample gauge length, and clamping the sample on a chuck of the testing machine.
And S1, conducting rough grinding by using 150-mesh or more abrasive paper during processing, before testing, polishing the surface by using 300-mesh or more abrasive paper, cleaning and drying by using acetone, and adhering a reinforcing sheet by using epoxy glue, wherein the width of the reinforcing sheet is equal to or nearly equal to that of a test sample, the thickness of the reinforcing sheet is 1-2mm, and the material can be one of aluminum alloy or glass cloth reinforced epoxy materials.
And S3, loading and stretching the sample, and collecting detection data for data processing to obtain corresponding stretching performance data of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite.
The tensile property data includes at least one of tensile modulus of elasticity, poisson's ratio, elongation at break, plotted stress-strain curve, and tensile strength.
Wherein,
when at least one of tensile elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, elongation at break and stress-strain curve is measured, the loading rate is 0.1-0.9mm/min,
when the tensile strength is tested, the loading rate is 1.5-2.5 mm/min.
At least one of the tensile modulus of elasticity and the Poisson's ratio is measured by recording longitudinal and transverse strain values of, for example, 500N, 1000N, 1500N, 2000N and 2500N in a graded loading manner.
When the phenomena of obvious internal defects at the broken part of the sample, the sample breakage at the clamping position, sample sliding, strain gauge sliding and the like occur in the detection or the test, the result is discarded.
Tensile strength pressThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
σtin order to obtain a tensile stress (MPa),
f is the breaking load or maximum load (N),
a is the original cross-sectional area (mm) of the sample2)。
The original area a of the straight sample is Wd, W is the width (mm) of the straight sample, and d is the thickness (mm) of the sample; original area of dumbbell specimen (W ═ A)1d，W1The width (mm) of the dumbbell specimen and the thickness (mm) of the specimen.
Elongation at break ofThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
εtin order to obtain the elongation at break of the test piece,
ΔLbis a gauge length L of a sample at the time of tensile fracture0The elongation (mm) of (a),
L0is the gauge length (mm) measured.
Tensile modulus of elasticityThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
Etis a tensile elastic modulus (MPa),
deltaf is the load increment (N) of the straight line segment on the load-deformation curve,
Δ L is a gauge length L corresponding to a load increment Δ F0Inner incremental deformation (mm).
Poisson ratio pressThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
mu is the poisson's ratio and,
ε1for axial strain corresponding to the load increment deltaf,
ε2is the transverse strain corresponding to the load increment af.
Each tensile property data, i.e. each tensile property test result, is the average of the corresponding tensile property valid test results, and can be calculated asThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
standard deviation of tensile Property data inThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
variable coefficient of tensile property dataThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
Xifor the test results (test data),
and n is the effective test times.
Example five:
the embodiment provides a method for detecting the tensile property of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature, which comprises the following steps:
and S1, determining the cutting direction during sampling according to the weaving direction of the fiber reinforcement of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite, and cutting and processing the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite to obtain a sample.
During sample preparation, cutting is strictly carried out according to the main directions (such as axial direction, radial direction, normal direction and the like) of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic composite material, and the fiber direction and the layering direction conform to the test requirements.
The continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material remains or nearly remains unchanged along the thickness direction of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite material, i.e., remains unchanged as much as possible in the thickness direction.
The sample is roughly ground with 150-mesh or larger sand paper during processing.
The sample is one of a straight strip type, a dumbbell type and a special type.
The dimensions of the test specimen specifically satisfy one of the following requirements,
the size of the straight strip sample is 150mm multiplied by 18mm multiplied by 10mm, and the parallelism is 0.05 mm;
the size of the dumbbell-shaped test sample is 150mm in total length, 80mm in calibration length, 10mm in thickness, 15mm in calibration width, 18mm in clamping width, 35mm in transfer radius and 0.05mm in parallelism;
the special sample size is 150mm in total length, 1.8 in width/thickness: 1.
and S2, adhering a reinforcing sheet on the sample, installing a displacement meter or adhering a strain gauge in the sample gauge length, and clamping the sample on a chuck of the testing machine.
And S1, conducting rough grinding by using 150-mesh or more abrasive paper during processing, before testing, polishing the surface by using 300-mesh or more abrasive paper, cleaning and drying by using acetone, and adhering a reinforcing sheet by using epoxy glue, wherein the width of the reinforcing sheet is equal to or nearly equal to that of a test sample, the thickness of the reinforcing sheet is 1-2mm, and the material can be one of aluminum alloy or glass cloth reinforced epoxy materials.
And S3, loading and stretching the sample, and collecting detection data for data processing to obtain corresponding stretching performance data of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite.
The tensile property data are tensile elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, elongation at break, plotted stress-strain curve, and tensile strength.
Wherein,
when the tensile elastic modulus, the Poisson ratio and the elongation at break are measured and a stress-strain curve is drawn, the loading rate is 0.5mm/min, and when the tensile strength is tested, the loading rate is 2 mm/min.
For the determination of the tensile modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, values of strain in the longitudinal and transverse directions were recorded, for example, at 500N, 1000N, 1500N, 2000N and 2500N, using a step-loading method.
When the phenomena of obvious internal defects at the broken part of the sample, the sample breakage at the clamping position, sample sliding, strain gauge sliding and the like occur in the detection or the test, the result is discarded.
Tensile strength pressThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
σtin order to obtain a tensile stress (MPa),
f is the breaking load or maximum load (N),
a is the original cross-sectional area (mm) of the sample2)。
The original area a of the straight sample is Wd, W is the width (mm) of the straight sample, and d is the thickness (mm) of the sample; original area of dumbbell specimen (W ═ A)1d，W1The width (mm) of the dumbbell specimen and the thickness (mm) of the specimen.
Elongation at break ofThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
εtin order to obtain the elongation at break of the test piece,
ΔLbis a gauge length L of a sample at the time of tensile fracture0The elongation (mm) of (a),
L0is the gauge length (mm) measured.
Tensile modulus of elasticityThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
Etis a tensile elastic modulus (MPa),
deltaf is the load increment (N) of the straight line segment on the load-deformation curve,
Δ L is a gauge length L corresponding to a load increment Δ F0Inner incremental deformation (mm).
Poisson ratio pressThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
mu is the poisson's ratio and,
ε1for axial strain corresponding to the load increment deltaf,
ε2is the transverse strain corresponding to the load increment af.
Each tensile property data, i.e. each tensile property test result, is the average of the corresponding tensile property valid test results, and can be calculated asThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
standard deviation of tensile Property data inThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
variable coefficient of tensile property dataThe calculation is carried out according to the calculation,
wherein,
Xifor the test results (test data),
and n is the effective test times.
Example six:
the same features of this embodiment as those of the fifth embodiment are not described again, and the different features of this embodiment from those of the first embodiment are:
when the tensile elastic modulus, the Poisson ratio and the elongation at break are measured and a stress-strain curve is drawn, the loading rate is 0.1mm/min, and when the tensile strength is tested, the loading rate is 1.5 mm/min.
Example seven:
the same features of this embodiment as those of the fifth embodiment are not described again, and the different features of this embodiment from those of the first embodiment are:
when the tensile elastic modulus, the Poisson ratio and the elongation at break are measured and a stress-strain curve is drawn, the loading rate is 0.9mm/min, and when the tensile strength is tested, the loading rate is 2.5 mm/min.
Example eight:
the same features of this embodiment as those of the fifth embodiment are not described again, and the different features of this embodiment from those of the first embodiment are:
for the determination of the tensile modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio, values of longitudinal and transverse strains of, for example, 400N, 800N, 1200N, 1600N, 2000N and 2400N were recorded in a graded loading manner.
Example nine:
taking a quartz fiber reinforced fused silica ceramic composite material (abbreviated as quartz fiber reinforced sample in table 1) as an example, the tensile property at room temperature was measured in the same manner as in example 2, and the obtained data are shown in table 1:
table 1: data of tensile property at room temperature of quartz fiber reinforced fused quartz ceramic composite material
As can be seen from table 1, the obtained tensile strength, elastic modulus, poisson's ratio, and strain data for 5 samples of one material have very small differences, and the test accuracy is high.
Wherein the test machine is specifically an electronic universal material testing machine, and the model is: AG-IC100 KN.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for detecting the tensile property of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the cutting direction during sampling according to the weaving direction of the fiber reinforcement of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite, and cutting and processing the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite to obtain a sample, wherein the width-thickness ratio of the sample is (1.65-1.86): 1;
adhering a reinforcing sheet on a sample, installing a displacement meter or adhering a strain gauge in the sample gauge length, and clamping the sample on a chuck of a testing machine;
and loading and stretching the sample, and collecting detection data for data processing to obtain corresponding tensile property data of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite.
2. The method for testing the tensile properties of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature as defined in claim 1, wherein the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite is maintained or nearly maintained along the thickness direction of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite during the preparation of the test specimen.
3. The method for testing the tensile properties of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature according to claim 1, wherein the specimen has a length of 150mm ± 10 mm.
4. The method for testing the tensile properties at room temperature of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the sample is one of a straight bar type, a dumbbell type and a special type.
5. The method for testing the tensile properties at room temperature of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite according to claim 4, wherein the dimensions of the sample satisfy one of the following requirements,
the size of the straight strip type sample is 150 (+ -0.5) mm multiplied by 18 (+ -0.2) mm multiplied by 10 (+ -0.2) mm, and the parallelism is less than or equal to 0.05 mm;
the size of the dumbbell-shaped sample is that the total length is 150 +/-0.5 mm, the calibration length is 80 +/-0.2 mm, the thickness is 10 +/-0.2 mm, the calibration width is 15 +/-0.2 mm, the clamping width is 18 +/-0.2 mm, the transfer radius is 35 +/-2 mm, and the parallelism is less than or equal to 0.05 mm;
the special sample size is 150mm plus or minus 0.5mm in total length, and the width/thickness is (1.72-1.86): 1.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein the sample is rough ground with sandpaper and the surface of the sample is finish ground with sandpaper before the reinforcement sheet is attached.
7. The method for testing the tensile properties at room temperature of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the width of the reinforcing sheet is equal to or nearly equal to that of the sample, the thickness of the reinforcing sheet is 1-2mm, and the reinforcing sheet is made of one of aluminum alloy or glass cloth reinforced epoxy material.
8. The method for testing the tensile properties of the continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite at room temperature according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the tensile property data includes at least one of tensile modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio, elongation at break, stress-strain curve drawing, and tensile strength.
9. The method for testing the tensile properties at room temperature of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite according to claim 8,
when at least one of tensile elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, elongation at break and stress-strain curve is measured, the loading rate is 0.1-0.9mm/min,
when the tensile strength is tested, the loading rate is 1.5-2.5 mm/min.
10. The method for testing the tensile properties at room temperature of a continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composite according to claim 9, wherein a step-loading manner is used to determine at least one of the tensile modulus of elasticity and the poisson's ratio.
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