CN108755593A - A kind of concrete for plant growth prefabricated components and construction method for side slope protection - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a planting concrete prefabricated component for slope protection and a construction method, belonging to the technical field of ecological greening. It includes a water-permeable cover, a water-permeable hole, a water-permeable cover protrusion, a water-permeable cover groove, a prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member, a bottom slope foot, a member groove, a member protrusion, and a prefabricated planting concrete member; The hole is circular and located on its surface, vertically penetrates the permeable cover, and the permeable cover protrudes at the bottom of the permeable cover; the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member is a hollow cuboid without upper and lower bottom surfaces, and the upper end is provided with a permeable cover groove, and the lower end It is in the shape of a slope foot, and the bottom slope foot is installed, and the four sides are provided with component grooves and component protrusions; the prefabricated planting concrete component is in the shape of a cuboid. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient construction of components, clear connections between the force-bearing structure and the protective permeable structure, strong anti-scouring ability, favorable slope plant growth, and the effect of reinforcing the slope and greening the ecological environment of the slope.

Description

A planted concrete prefabricated component for slope protection and its construction method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological greening, and in particular relates to a planting concrete prefabricated component for slope protection and a construction method.

Background technique

With the rapid development of my country's economy and the acceleration of urbanization, people's production and life have had a major impact on rivers and river ecosystems. In order to meet the requirements of flood control, scouring, freezing, impact, etc., the natural river channel is "cut and straightened" to shorten the circulation channel, and the river bank is protected by hard materials such as concrete, mortar masonry, and dry masonry. Although such measures can achieve immediate results, they violate the harmony of nature. The hard revetment completely separates the river water from the river plants, cuts off the material exchange and circulation between the river soil and the river water, hinders the water and air circulation of the river ecosystem, reduces the living space of river animals and plants, and destroys the Living and refuge places for aquatic animals.

In 1824, British scientist Aspudine invented Portland cement through trial and error, and applied for a patent. Cement concrete has the advantages of low price, abundant resources, good durability, and strong plasticity. It is widely used in infrastructure construction, and now cement concrete products can be seen everywhere in people's daily life. While concrete brings great convenience to people's production and life, it also has a certain negative impact on the living environment of human beings. People began to care about the impact of concrete on the environment, and began to study methods to reduce the damage to the ecological environment caused by the production and use of concrete. In 1852, sand-free concrete was used in the construction of two houses in England, which was the beginning of research on the application of sand-free concrete. Sand-free concrete is concrete that does not contain fine aggregates (No-fines concrete NFC). In the 1950s, countries in the cold regions of northern Europe began to use sand-free concrete as prefabricated panels for partition walls of buildings and as wall materials for buildings to reduce the thermal conductivity of wall materials. In 1973, Canada established a standard for sand-free concrete. In 1964, Japan developed a permeable reinforced concrete pipe using porous concrete for foundation drainage construction. Since the 1980s, it has been made into permeable concrete for pavement, which is applied to sidewalks and parking lots. In 2000, Japan established the Green Concrete Association to strengthen the performance development and popularization of green concrete. Green concrete has good vegetation performance.

The traditional concrete revetment structure is dense, although it can meet the functional requirements of revetment engineering, but it cuts off the water and land circulation, destroys the living space of aquatic animals and plants, and is abandoned by people. Vegetative porous concrete bank revetment meets the functional requirements of bank revetment, and at the same time, plants can be planted on its surface, which increases urban greening area and beautifies the environment. At the same time, it also provides places for aquatic organisms to survive, forage, and take refuge, which meets the requirements of human development. Admired. People are imprisoned in the reinforced concrete world, away from nature. In some developed countries, plant-growing porous concrete has been applied to road shoulder partitions, river bank revetments, building roofs, parking lots, etc., which can increase urban green area, absorb noise and dust, reduce noise pollution, purify air, beautify the environment, and regulate the city. climate and reduce the “heat island effect”.

The main materials of traditional slope protection projects generally include building materials such as crushed stones, sand, cement, and steel bars. For drainage function, traditional slope protection mainly includes four types: dry stone slope protection, grouted stone slope protection, cast-in-situ concrete block slab slope protection, and concrete prefabricated block slope protection. These forms of slope protection all emphasize flood control and drainage one-sidedly. Trimming and straightening the river channel, and regularizing the cross section, changed the pattern of the mainstream, shoals and rapids in the natural state of the river, changed the state of the water flow, and destroyed the original ecological restoration function of the river. Moreover, once this state is destroyed, it is difficult to recover. Therefore, the construction of ecological river embankment revetments has long been an international trend.

With the deepening of the new river slope protection construction theory, the single-function traditional slope protection project can no longer meet the requirements of building multi-functional aquatic ecological infrastructure. Therefore, in the construction of modern water conservancy projects, the research and utilization of a new type of ecological revetment that can not only meet the requirements of drainage and flood control, filter water and soil conservation, but also meet the requirements of ecological protection is particularly important. The common types of new ecological slope protection mainly include: planting grass concrete slope protection, three-dimensional geotextile pad slope protection, geocell slope protection, gabion net slope protection, active wooden lattice slope protection, etc.

(1) Grass-planted concrete slope protection refers to the uniform mixing of single-size stones, cement, sand, and additives according to a certain mixing ratio. It can not only meet the requirements of flood control and anti-scour, but also the continuous pores of ecological concrete can provide space for plant growth. , Planting flowers and plants on the slope makes the perfect combination of hardening, greening and landscaping, and the ecological benefits are remarkable.

(2) Three-dimensional geotechnical mat slope protection refers to the use of plastic resin as raw material, after stretching, extrusion, winding and other processes, the contact point of the mesh mat is fused at high temperature to form an intricate mesh structure. Through the combination of the mesh structure of the complex mesh pad and the interlaced winding of the vegetation root system, a complex reinforcement system is formed to improve the stability and anti-scouring performance of the slope protection, and then achieve the slope protection type of soil protection and water filtration.

(3) Geocell slope protection refers to a three-dimensional mesh structure geotechnical material similar to honeycomb. It is laid on the slope according to certain specifications, anchored with rivets, and each individual cell is filled with planting soil, and then grass is planted. Or lay turf so as to improve the slope protection form of the entire slope stability.

(4) Gabion net slope protection refers to weaving steel wire into a cage net according to the design requirements, and then filling it with stones larger than the aperture of the gabion net. Due to the good pore structure, covering the gaps on the surface of the gabion net or filling the gaps can provide nutrients and habitats for animals, plants and microorganisms, provide conditions for water vapor circulation between water bodies and land, and can disperse and resolve the flow of water waves. energy.

(5) Active wooden lattice revetment means that the bank revetment materials are all made of natural wood, nailed into wooden lattices with steel nails, and fixed with wooden piles. Carbonization technology is used to carry out wood anti-corrosion treatment to improve the durability of wooden piles, achieve a better ecological revetment effect, and form a better landscape effect.

Through the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the above several new types of ecological revetment, the flood control effect and durability of grass-planted concrete are stronger than the other types of new ecological revetment mentioned above. No matter in terms of applicability and flood control effect, grass planting concrete slope protection has its unique advantages. It is believed that this kind of slope protection with better flood control, anti-scour, and green ecology can be promoted and applied in the future.

Grass planting concrete is a kind of porous ecological concrete engineering component that can meet the needs of plant growth, and at the same time meet certain strength and water permeability. Among them, the strength of grass planting concrete includes compressive strength, flexural resistance and erosion resistance.

The reason why grass-planting concrete is suitable for planting is that its internal pores need to be filled with certain suitable materials to provide the necessary nutrient carriers for plant growth. Suitable materials are composed of soil, water, fertilizer and so on. The more effective method for filling suitable materials in China is the dynamic method. The specific method is to spray the prepared suitable material slurry into the pores of porous concrete by using a high-pressure water pump. Plants on bank revetment slopes need to be resistant to extensive management, so conditions such as alkali resistance, drought resistance, and adaptation to the local environment of the project should be considered when selecting grass species for planting and grass planting on concrete slope revetments.

The selection of slope protection plants should follow the following principles:

(1) Adapt to local climate conditions;

(2) Adapt to local soil conditions (moisture, PH value, soil properties, etc.);

(3) Strong stress resistance (including drought resistance, heat resistance, cold resistance, barren resistance, pest resistance, etc.);

(4) The above-ground plants are short and have well-developed root systems;

(5) More annual or perennial;

(6) Adapt to extensive management and can produce appropriate amount of seeds;

(7) The seeds are easy to obtain and the cost is reasonable.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a planted concrete prefabricated component and construction method for slope protection. It mainly develops a structure that is simple, the components are easy to construct, the connection between the force-bearing structure and the protective permeable structure is clear, and it is resistant to erosion. The prefabricated components for slope protection with strong ability are conducive to the growth of plants on the slope surface, and have the effect of strengthening the slope and greening the ecological environment of the slope.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

A planting concrete prefabricated component for slope protection, comprising a permeable cover, a permeable hole, a protrusion of the permeable cover, a groove of the permeable cover, a prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member, a bottom slope foot, a component groove, a component protrusion, and prefabricated vegetation Concrete member; the permeable hole runs through the upper and lower surfaces of the permeable cover vertically, and the raised section of the permeable cover is rectangular, and is arranged along the bottom edge of the permeable cover to form a whole; the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member The inner space is a prefabricated concrete trough, and the upper end of the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member is provided with a groove for a permeable cover, and the protrusions of the permeable cover correspond to each other, so that the permeable cover and the protrusions of the permeable cover are installed on its upper part, and the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member The lower end of the frame is in the shape of a slope foot, which is used to install the bottom slope foot, and the bottom slope foot is used to be fixed in the soil; the component groove is located at the vertical center line of the two sides of the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component, and the component convex It is located at the vertical center line of the other two sides of the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member, and the member groove is set opposite to the member protrusion, and each side of the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member is provided with only one member groove or one member protrusion The prefabricated planting concrete member is located inside the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member, and its shape corresponds to the prefabricated planting concrete groove, the lower surface of the prefabricated planting concrete member is in contact with the ground, and the upper surface of the prefabricated planting concrete member is in contact with the permeable cover.

Wherein, the whole of the permeable cover is a cuboid structure made of reinforced concrete, circular permeable holes are arranged on the surface of the permeable cover, and the top view outer contour shape of the permeable cover is the same as that of the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member.

Wherein, the bottom slope toe is made of metal, has a rectangular outline in a top view, is located outside the bottom of the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member, and wraps the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member.

Wherein, the component grooves and component protrusions are square in section, and the component grooves and component protrusions are made of reinforced concrete, and form an integral body with the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member; two adjacent concrete prefabricated components pass through the component concave The groove and the component protrusions are spliced together.

Wherein, the prefabricated planting concrete component has a cuboid structure as a whole, and the prefabricated planting concrete component is made of cementitious material, large-pore sand-free concrete, and plant nutrient solution, and the vegetation has been cured therein.

Wherein, the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame members are arranged horizontally or stepped along the slope according to the actual situation of the slope.

A construction method for a planted concrete prefabricated component used for slope protection, comprising the following steps:

1) Slope surface treatment to ensure that the slope surface is flat and free of debris. Arrange prefabricated reinforced concrete frame members according to the slope surface. When arranged along the slope surface, ensure that it is flush along the slope surface, and when it is arranged in a ladder shape, ensure that it is flush along the horizontal direction;

2) Place the prefabricated vegetative concrete components so that the vegetation faces upward;

3) Place the permeable cover and adjust the position between the components.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the effect and advantage of the present invention are simple structure, convenient construction of components, clear connections between the force-bearing structure and the protective water-permeable structure, strong anti-scouring ability, beneficial to the growth of plants on the slope surface, beneficial to ecological protection, and to strengthen the edge The effect of ecological environment on slopes and green slopes.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of a planted concrete prefabricated component used for slope protection according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an A-A cross-sectional view of a planted concrete prefabricated component used for slope protection in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is an elevation view of a planted concrete prefabricated component used for slope protection arranged along the plane of the slope.

Fig. 4 is an elevation view of a planted concrete prefabricated component used for slope protection arranged in steps along the slope.

In the figure, 1 is the permeable cover; 2 is the permeable hole; 3 is the protrusion of the permeable cover; 4 is the groove of the permeable cover; 5 is the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member; 6 is the bottom slope; 7 is the component groove; 8 is the component 9 is a prefabricated planting concrete component; 10 is a prefabricated planting concrete groove.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1-3, a planted concrete prefabricated component for slope protection includes a permeable cover 1, a permeable hole 2, a permeable cover protrusion 3, a permeable cover groove 4, a prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member 5, Bottom slope foot 6, component groove 7, component protrusion 8, prefabricated planting concrete component 9; the permeable cover 1 is in the shape of a cuboid as a whole, made of reinforced concrete, and the permeable hole 2 is circular and is not on the surface of the permeable cover 1. Arranged regularly, the permeable holes 2 vertically penetrate the upper and lower surfaces of the permeable cover 1, the permeable cover protrusions 3 have a square cross-section, the overall ring shape is located at the bottom edge of the permeable cover 1; the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member 5 is without The upper and lower bottom surfaces are in the shape of a hollow cuboid, the inner space is a prefabricated planting concrete tank 10, the upper end is provided with a permeable cover groove 4 and the overall shape is annular, corresponding to the permeable cover protrusion 3, the lower end is in the shape of a slope, and the bottom slope is installed Foot 6; the component groove 7 and the component protrusion 8 are square in cross-section, located at the vertical centerline of the four sides of the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member 5, and the component groove 7 is opposite to the component protrusion 8, each Only one side is provided; the prefabricated planting concrete member 9 is in the shape of a cuboid, located inside the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member 5 and its shape corresponds to the prefabricated planting concrete tank 10, the lower surface of the prefabricated planting concrete member 9 is in contact with the ground, and the upper surface is in contact with the permeable cover 1 contact; two adjacent prefabricated components are spliced together through the component groove 7 and the component protrusion 8, and the bottom is fixed in the soil through the bottom slope toe 6.

As shown in FIG. 2 , the planar shape of the permeable cover 1 is consistent with the planar shape of the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member 5 . The bottom slope toe 6 is annular in plane and made of metal, and is located outside the bottom of the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member 5 . The component groove 7 and the component protrusion 8 are made of reinforced concrete and form an integral body with the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component 5 . The prefabricated planting concrete component 9 is made of cementitious material, large-pore sand-free concrete, and plant nutrient solution, and the vegetation has been cured therein.

As shown in Figure 3, the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame members 5 are arranged horizontally along the slope.

A construction method for a planted concrete prefabricated component used for slope protection, the specific steps are:

1) Slope surface treatment to ensure that the slope surface is flat and free of debris. Arrange prefabricated reinforced concrete frame members 5 according to the slope surface. When arranged along the slope surface, ensure that it is flush along the slope surface, and when it is arranged in a ladder shape, ensure that it is flush along the horizontal direction ;

2) Place the prefabricated vegetative concrete component 9 so that the vegetation faces upward;

3) Place the permeable cover 4 and slightly adjust the position between the components.

Working principle of the present invention: the structure composed of the permeable cover 1 and the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame member 5 plays a load-bearing role of the member, and the permeable hole 2 serves as the vegetation of the prefabricated vegetative concrete member 9 to provide water and a channel for exchanging with external substances, and further The prefabricated planting concrete component 9 is protected, and the bottom slope foot 6 facilitates the fixing of the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component 5 in the soil, ensuring that the bottom component is not damaged during the fixing process, and the component groove 7 and component protrusion 8 are convenient for the whole component The assembly connection between them prevents the components from slipping. The prefabricated planting concrete component 9 located in the prefabricated planting concrete groove 10 has protected vegetation. After the vegetation grows further, the roots reach the soil, so that the prefabricated planting concrete component 9 and the soil tight connection.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 4 , the prefabricated reinforced concrete frame members 5 are arranged on the slope in a ladder shape, and other structures are the same as in Embodiment 1.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of concrete for plant growth prefabricated components for side slope protection, it is characterised in that：Including permeable lid（1）, permeable hole （2）, permeable lid protrusion（3）, permeable lid groove（4）, prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component（5）, bottom slope foot（6）, member recess （7）, component protrusion（8）, prefabricated concrete for plant growth component（9）；The permeable hole（2）Extend vertically through permeable lid（1）Up and down Surface, permeable lid protrusion（3）Rectangular in cross-section, and along permeable lid（1）Bottom margin at arrangement with permeable lid（1）As one It is whole；The prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component（5）Inner space be prefabricated concrete for plant growth slot（10）, precast reinforced coagulation Native frame component（5）Upper end be equipped with permeable lid groove（4）, permeable lid protrusion（3）It corresponds therewith, makes permeable lid（1）With Permeable lid protrusion（3）Portion mounted thereto, prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component（5）Lower end be in slope foot shape, for installing bottom Portion's slope foot（6）, bottom slope foot（6）For being fixed in the soil body；The member recess（7）Positioned at prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component （5）Two sides vertical centerline at, component protrusion（8）Positioned at prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component（5）Other two At the vertical centerline of side, and member recess（7）With component protrusion（8）It is oppositely arranged, prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component（5） Each side one member recess is only set（7）An or component protrusion（8）；The prefabricated concrete for plant growth component（9）Position In prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component（5）Inside, and shape and prefabricated concrete for plant growth slot（10）Corresponding, coagulation is given birth in prefabricated plant Native component（9）Lower surface contacted with ground, prefabricated concrete for plant growth component（9）Upper surface and permeable lid（1）Contact.

2. a kind of concrete for plant growth prefabricated components for side slope protection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Permeable lid（1）The generally rectangular parallelepiped structure made of armored concrete, in permeable lid（1）Surface layout it is circular permeable Hole（2）, permeable lid（1）Vertical view outer contour shape and prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component（5）Vertical view outer contour shape it is identical.

3. a kind of concrete for plant growth prefabricated components for side slope protection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Bottom slope foot（6）It is made of metal, vertical view outer profile is rectangular, is located at prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component（5）The outside of bottom, Wrap prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component（5）.

4. a kind of concrete for plant growth prefabricated components for side slope protection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Member recess（7）, component protrusion（8）Section is square, member recess（7）, component protrusion（8）By armored concrete system At, and with prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component（5）Shape is integral；Two adjacent concrete prefabricated elements pass through member recess （7）, component protrusion（8）Mutually splicing.

5. a kind of concrete for plant growth prefabricated components for side slope protection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Prefabricated concrete for plant growth component（9）Generally rectangular parallelepiped structure, prefabricated concrete for plant growth component（9）By cementitious material, macrovoid Non-fine concrete, plant nutrition liquid are made, and vegetation complete wherein by maintenance.

6. a kind of concrete for plant growth prefabricated components for side slope protection according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described Prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component（5）According to the actual conditions of slope surface, selection is horizontally disposed or be ladder-like arranged along slope surface.

7. a kind of construction method of concrete for plant growth prefabricated components for side slope protection, it is characterised in that：Include the following steps：

1）Slope surface treatment ensures slope leveling no-sundries, according to arrangement prefabricated reinforced concrete frame component the case where slope surface（5）, Ensure to flush along slope surface when arranging along slope surface, ensures horizontally to flush when being ladder-like arranged；

2）Place prefabricated concrete for plant growth component（9）, keep its vegetation face-up；

3）Place permeable lid（1）, position is adjusted between each component.