CN108754053A - A kind of producing steam autoclave pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of pressure vessel, specially a kind of producing steam autoclave pressure.Solve the problems, such as the heat recovery that steel in steel smelting procedure, scum carry, structure of the invention includes autoclave body, autoclave body inner thermal insulating layer, kettle cover, kettle cover insulating, spray system, locking device；Application method is to be received steel, scum using slag ladle, and transport hangs in autoclave pressure, then water spray generates steam, it is re-fed into accumulation of heat, stable-pressure device, last hot steam enters steam turbine power generation by regulating valve with stable flow pressure, can effectively recycle the heat that steel slag carries.

Description

A steam pressure kettle

technical field

The invention relates to a pressure vessel, in particular to a steam generating pressure kettle.

Background technique

The status quo of my country's iron and steel smelting: my country is a major producer of iron and steel, and its crude steel output ranks first in the world all year round. In 2014, my country's crude steel output reached 823 million tons, accounting for about 49.5% of the world's crude steel output. Although since 2016, my country's iron and steel industry has accelerated its capacity reduction, the output has remained at around 800 million tons.

The main process of iron and steel smelting: Mining --- Mineral processing (crushing iron ore and magnetically separating it into iron concentrate powder) --- Sintering (Sintering iron concentrate powder into sintered ore with a certain strength and particle size) --- Smelting (transport the sinter to the blast furnace, hot air and coke reduce the sinter to molten iron...pig iron, and desulfurize)---steelmaking (heating the molten iron with high-pressure oxygen in the converter, dephosphorization and removal by adding lime and other raw materials Inclusions become molten steel) --- Refining (further dephosphorization with open hearth furnace or electric furnace, removal of inclusions, and improvement of purity) --- Continuous casting (casting molten steel into a continuous casting slab with a certain shape in a hot state, also called ingot )---Steel rolling (rolling continuous casting slabs into various types of steel products required by users, such as plates, wires, pipes, etc.).

The key link is the smelting link. The smelting blast furnace used for smelting needs to add: iron ore, coke, limestone, quartz stone, dolomite and other materials. At the high temperature above 1400 ℃ generated by coke combustion, the iron element is reduced. And the formation of molten iron flows out, and the rest is smelted iron and steel slag, and the temperature of these iron and steel slags is also above 1400°C. Under normal circumstances, steel slag is generally treated with water cooling, and the steel slag is directly contacted with water to cool, and the cooled steel slag is used to make cement. Disadvantages of water cooling treatment: Firstly, it consumes a lot of water resources; secondly, water cooling will generate a lot of steam and dust, which will seriously pollute the air if it is directly discharged into the atmosphere; finally, the high-temperature sensible heat carried by the steel slag itself is basically wasted.

With the development of my country's economy, the production capacity of iron and steel is getting higher and higher, and the total amount of pollution and heat waste generated is huge. As the country's environmental protection requirements become more and more stringent, technicians have been thinking of solutions to solve this problem. For example, the hot water produced after cooling is used for heating; the application number is 94107284.3, which discloses a new method for recovering sensible heat from iron and steel slag. Liquid tin heats water, producing steam that is then used to generate electricity. This approach points out the idea that the heat of steel slag can be heated to generate steam to generate electricity. However, the heat will be lost a lot when it is transferred through tin. The solution we need to solve is to directly use the heat energy of steel slag. High-pressure steam is generated by the direct reaction of water and high-temperature steel slag.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problem of heat recovery carried by steel and iron slag in the iron and steel smelting process, the invention provides a steam generating pressure kettle.

The technical solution of the present invention is a pressure kettle for producing steam, the structure of which includes a kettle body, an insulation layer in the kettle body, a kettle cover, a heat insulation layer for the kettle cover, a spray system, and a locking device;

The inside of the kettle body is equipped with an insulation layer inside the kettle body, the inner side of the kettle cover is provided with a heat insulation layer of the kettle cover, a locking device is provided at the joint between the kettle body and the kettle cover, a spray system is installed under the kettle cover, and a spray system is installed on the upper part of the kettle body. There is a steam output port, a safety valve port, and a drain port at the bottom of the kettle body.

The spraying system includes a water inlet pipe passing through the kettle cover, the lower end of the water inlet pipe is connected to a spray water ring pipe, and nozzles are arranged on the spray water ring pipe.

The locking device includes a locking mounting seat installed on the kettle body and a finger block mounted on the lid of the kettle. The locking mounting seat is provided with an arc slideway, and an arc slide block is arranged in the arc slideway. , the upper part of the arc slider has a groove pointing to the center of the circle.

There is a tilting oil cylinder mounting frame on the side of the kettle body, and the upper end of the tilting oil cylinder mounting frame is hinged with the boom through the boom rotation shaft. There is a tilting oil cylinder between the boom and the tilting oil cylinder mounting frame. Connect the lifting oil cylinder, and the lower end of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with the kettle cover.

There is a slag tank in the kettle body. The structure of the slag tank includes the shell of the slag tank. Inside the shell of the slag tank is a layer of magnesia refractory material, a layer of light clay castable material, and a layer of ceramic fiber. The lower part of the slag tank is provided with a drain hole and a base, the outer side of the lower part of the slag tank is provided with a hanging shaft, and the upper part of the slag tank is provided with an upper edge of the slag tank.

There is a cooling pipe in the slag tank, the cooling pipe includes an end plate, and a number of heat-resistant steel pipes are pierced on the end plate. The lower part of the heat-resistant steel pipe is a steel pipe sealing tip. The plate is provided with water-permeable air holes on the end plate, the end plate is provided with a connecting plate for connecting heat-resistant steel pipes, and the middle part of the end plate is provided with a lifting lug bottom plate, and the lifting lug bottom plate is provided with lifting lugs.

The use plan, the steps are to use the slag tank to receive steel and iron slag, transport them, hoist them into the autoclave, then spray water to generate steam, and then send it to the heat storage and pressure stabilizing device, and finally the hot steam enters the steam turbine with a stable flow pressure through the regulating valve generate electricity. Specifically, after the slag tank receives steel and iron slag, it is hoisted into the autoclave by the crane and placed on the inner seat of the autoclave. When processing liquid slag, insert the cooling pipe into the liquid slag (or place it in the slag tank in advance). Close the autoclave lid (tilt first, then press down), rotate and lock the autoclave lid, spray water, and generate steam. Control the spray water flow and steam delivery flow, can control the steam pressure. When the steam temperature drops to 150°C, close the steam output valve, open the drain valve, and continue to spray water until the temperature drops to 90°C. After the hot water is emptied, rotate and loosen the lid of the autoclave, open the lid of the pressure autoclave (lift first, then tip over), lift out the slag tank, and prepare to process the steel slag in the next slag tank. There is a hollow (hollow function is to reduce wear) temperature-resistant rubber sealing ring between the kettle cover and the kettle body. The lid and body of the kettle generate a locking force through the cooperating teeth (similar to a pressure cooker). The temperature of steel slag out of the autoclave: 80~90°C. After the hot water is collected, it returns to the autoclave for spraying (the next slag tank or other autoclave), or part of it is sent to the steel plant for heating in winter.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the slag tank mechanism;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the cooling pipe mechanism;

Figure 4 is a top view of the cooling pipe;

Figure 5 is an assembly drawing;

Figure 6 is a top view of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is the structure diagram of the lifting guide frame of the kettle lid

In the figure: 1-skirt seat, 2-inner seat, 3-kettle body, 4-insulation layer in the kettle body, 5-locking mounting seat, 6-arc slide, 7-arc slider, 8-locking Oil cylinder, 9-finger block, 10-hollow heat-resistant rubber sealing ring, 11-kettle cover, 12-kettle cover heat insulation layer, 13-nozzle, 14-spray water ring pipe, 15-lift shaft mounting seat, 16 -lifting shaft gland, 17-lifting shaft, 18-lifting shaft sliding seat (built-in lifting shaft oil seal, lifting shaft sliding bushing), 19-lifting shaft connecting sleeve, 20-lifting cylinder mounting seat, 21-lifting cylinder (with oil pipe, etc.), 22-big arm, 23-inlet pipe (short pipe flange), 24-lifting guide frame for kettle cover, 25-cooling water jacket for kettle cover, 26-big arm rotating shaft (including bearings, oil seals, etc.), 27-kettle body cooling water jacket, 28-tilting oil cylinder (including oil cylinder mounting seat, pin shaft, oil pipe, etc.), 29-tilting oil cylinder mounting frame, 30-drainage interface, 31-slag tank upper edge, 32-magnesium Refractory material layer, 33-light clay castable layer, 34-ceramic fiber layer, 35-anchor, 36-slag tank shell, 37-hanging shaft, 38-base, 39-drainage hole, 40-slag tank, 41-hanging lug, 42-connecting plate, 43-permeable air hole on the end plate, 44-end plate, 45-hanging lug bottom plate, 46-heat-resistant steel pipe, 47-water permeable air hole on the upper end of the steel pipe, 48-steel pipe sealing tip Head, 49-cooling pipe, 50-slag, 51-steam output port, 52-safety valve port.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, a pressure kettle for steam production has a structure including a kettle body 3, an insulation layer 4 inside the kettle body, a kettle lid 11, a kettle lid heat insulation layer 12, a spray system, and a locking device.

The inner side of the kettle body 3 is provided with a thermal insulation layer 4 in the kettle body, the inner side of the kettle cover 11 is provided with a thermal insulation layer 12 of the kettle cover, a locking device is provided at the joint between the kettle body 3 and the kettle cover 11, and a spray nozzle is provided under the kettle cover 11. The shower system is provided with a steam output port 51 on the upper part of the kettle body 3 (see Figure 6), a safety valve port 52, and a drain port 30 at the bottom of the kettle body 3.

The spray system includes a water inlet pipe 23 passing through the kettle cover 11, the lower end of the water inlet pipe 23 is connected to the spray water ring pipe 14, and the spray water ring pipe 14 is provided with a nozzle 13,

The locking device includes a locking mounting seat 5 installed on the kettle body 3 and a finger block 9 mounted on the kettle cover 11. The locking mounting seat 5 is provided with an arc slideway 6, and the arc slideway 6 An arc slider 7 is arranged inside, and the upper part of the arc slider 7 has a groove pointing to the center of the circle.

Arc slide block 7 can only do arc motion in arc slideway 6. Finger block 9 is welded on the edge of still cover 11. Arc slide block 7 tops have the groove pointing to the center of circle. When still cover 11 was closed, finger block 9 just in time fell in the groove of circular arc slide block 7. The arc slide block 7 can drive the finger block 9 and the kettle cover 11 to rotate through the locking oil cylinder 8 connected with it to play the locking effect. When still cover 11 was raised, finger block 9 could move out freely from the groove of circular arc slide block 7.

The tank body 3 side is provided with a tilting oil cylinder mounting frame 29, and the upper end of the tilting oil cylinder mounting frame 29 is hinged with the boom 22 through the rotating shaft of the boom 26, and a tilting oil cylinder is arranged between the boom 22 and the tilting oil cylinder mounting frame 29 28, the uppermost end of the boom 22 is connected to the lifting oil cylinder 21, and the lower end of the lifting oil cylinder 21 is connected to the kettle cover 11.

A skirt 1 is provided on the lower side of the kettle body 3, an inner seat 2 is provided on the inside of the kettle body 3, a kettle body cooling water jacket 27 is provided on the outside of the kettle body 3, and a kettle lid cooling water jacket 25 is provided on the kettle lid 11 .

A slag tank 40 is provided in the kettle body 3, as shown in Figure 2, the structure of the slag tank 40 includes a slag tank shell 36, and the slag tank shell 36 is successively composed of a magnesia refractory material layer 32, a light clay castable layer 33, ceramic The fiber layer 34 is provided with an anchor piece 35 inside the shell 36 of the slag tank, a drainage hole 39 and a base 38 are provided at the bottom of the slag tank 40, a hanging shaft 37 is provided at the outside of the lower part of the slag tank 40, and a slag The upper edge 31 of the tank.

The slag tank is a barrel-shaped structure. The shell is made of steel plate or cast iron. The inner wall is equipped with magnesia refractory material (it can be omitted, but it will increase heat loss and reduce service life) heat insulation layer. There are permeable holes (diameter 10~30mm, too large holes will leak liquid slag) on the lower side wall. The outer side of the lower part is provided with a can turning hanging shaft. In order to reduce the invalid space between the autoclave and the slag tank (reduce steam pressure loss), the slag tank does not have a hanging shaft. When lifting, use a special electric spreader to hook the upper edge of the slag tank.

A cooling pipe 49 is provided in the slag tank 40, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the cooling pipe 49 includes an end plate 44, and a number of heat-resistant steel pipes 46 are worn on the end plate 44, and the bottom of the heat-resistant steel pipe 46 is a steel pipe sealing tip 48 , the body of the heat-resistant steel pipe 46 is provided with a water-permeable vent hole 47 at the upper end of the steel pipe, the end plate 44 is provided with a water-permeable vent hole 43 on the end plate, and the end plate 44 is provided with a connecting plate 42 connecting the heat-resistant steel pipe 46. The middle part of the plate 44 is provided with a lifting lug bottom plate 45 , and the lifting lug bottom plate 45 is provided with a lifting lug 41 .

Still lid 11 is provided with kettle lid lifting guide frame 24, and still lid lifting guide frame 24 is two frame bodies, and described big arm 22 is positioned between two frame bodies.

A temperature-resistant rubber sealing ring 10 is arranged at the joint between the kettle cover 11 and the kettle body 3, and the temperature-resistant rubber sealing ring 10 is a hollow O-ring. The temperature-resistant rubber sealing ring 10 is a hollow O-ring.

The pressure kettle is composed of a skirt, a kettle body, a heat insulation layer, an inner seat, a kettle cover, a boom, a water spray device, a hydraulic tilting and lifting device, a hydraulic rotating and locking device, etc. On the lid of the kettle, near the side of the boom, there are water inlet (short pipe flange) and safety valve interface (short pipe flange). They are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the boom, which can ensure that the center of gravity of the kettle lid is directly below the center line of the boom when the lid is opened, and the kettle lid will not rotate due to its own gravity. Since the kettle cover needs to be rotated, the water inlet pipe and the kettle cover must be connected by a hose. A drain port (short pipe flange) is provided at the bottom of the autoclave. The inner wall of the kettle body and the kettle lid is provided with a heat insulation layer, and the material that can withstand 1700 ° C is selected.

The spray water device is composed of a ring pipe, a short water inlet pipe and multiple uniformly distributed nozzles, and is installed inside the kettle cover.

The hydraulic tilting and lifting device consists of a lifting cylinder, a tilting cylinder, a boom, a tilting cylinder mounting frame, a boom tilting rotating shaft, a rotating bearing (or bearing bush), a lifting shaft, a sliding bush sleeve of the lifting shaft, an oil seal of the lifting shaft, and a lifting shaft. Shaft sliding seat, lifting shaft mounting seat, lifting shaft gland, lifting shaft and oil cylinder connecting sleeve, lifting oil cylinder mounting seat, etc. The tilting oil cylinder installation frame is connected with the kettle body by bolts. The lifting shaft mounting seat is welded at the center position outside the kettle cover. The lifting shaft gland is connected with the lifting shaft installation seat by bolts. The big end of the lifting shaft is on the bottom, and the small end is on the top. It passes through the gland, oil seal, bushing, and sliding seat in turn, and is connected with the piston rod of the lifting cylinder through a connecting sleeve (or thread). The lifting cylinder can drive the lid of the kettle to rise and fall. On the lid of the kettle, there are guide frames on both sides below the boom. When the kettle cover is raised, the guide frame rises from both sides of the boom (there is a 1~3mm side gap with the boom, and the top of the guide frame has a guide bevel), so that the kettle cover cannot be rotated. When the lid of the kettle is lowered in place, the guide frame leaves the boom, and the lid of the kettle can be rotated. The tilting oil cylinder can drive the lid of the kettle to tilt. Through the lifting and tilting actions, the kettle lid opening and closing can be accurately completed.

The hydraulic rotary locking device is composed of a locking mounting seat, an arc slideway, an arc slider, a finger block, and a locking cylinder. There are three locking devices (distributed evenly). The arc is concentric with the kettle body and the kettle cover. The locking mount is welded on the kettle body. The arc slideway is welded on the locking mount. The arc slider can only do arc motion in the arc slideway. The fingers are welded to the edge of the kettle lid. The upper part of the arc slider is provided with a groove pointing to the center of the circle. When the kettle cover is closed, the finger block just falls in the groove of the arc slider. The arc slide block can drive the finger block and the kettle cover to rotate through the locking oil cylinder connected with it. When the lid of the kettle is raised, the finger block can move out freely from the groove of the arc slider.

The slag tank is a barrel-shaped structure. The shell is made of steel plate or cast iron. The inner wall is equipped with magnesia refractory material (it can be omitted, but it will increase heat loss and reduce service life) heat insulation layer. There are permeable holes (diameter 10~30mm, too large holes will leak liquid slag) on the lower side wall. The outer side of the lower part is provided with a can turning hanging shaft. In order to reduce the invalid space between the autoclave and the slag tank (reduce steam pressure loss), the slag tank does not have a hanging shaft. When lifting, use a special electric spreader to hook the upper edge of the slag tank.

There are at least two types of cooling pipes: reusable heat-resistant steel pipe A and disposable prefabricated slag pipe B.

A: The cooling pipe is composed of heat-resistant steel pipe, fixing plate and lifting lug. Multiple steel pipes are arranged in parallel. The lower end of the steel pipe is a sealed tip, and the side wall is opened (diameter 10~15mm). The upper end of the steel pipe is open. The tubes are welded by steel plates and fixed into a whole. The lifting lug is welded in the center of the upper part. The material of the steel pipe is preferably 310S or higher, with a diameter of 76~159mm and a length greater than the depth of the slag. The tube spacing is 300~600mm. Due to the poor thermal conductivity of slag, the thick-walled cooling pipe can maintain a certain strength within a certain period of time. The time between the insertion of the cooling pipe into the liquid slag and the spraying water should not exceed 5 minutes. When the slag is cooled, because the expansion coefficient of the steel pipe is an order of magnitude larger than that of the slag, a gap will appear between the steel pipe and the slag, and the cooling pipe can be pulled out as a whole. The cooling pipe can also adopt a three-dimensional network structure, which is pre-installed in the slag tank, and then the liquid slag is added through the funnel. Each pre-placed cooling pipe is made into a sandwich structure, so that the inner layer has a certain strength. Even if it is an interlayer (insulation material can be set between the interlayers) cooling pipes, the time between adding liquid slag and spraying water should not exceed 20 minutes.

B: The disposable cooling pipe is prefabricated with steel slag and cement, which can not be limited by the heating time, even if it is damaged, it will not affect the use effect. Before the prefabricated cooling tube is used, it is slowly preheated to 650°C and kept warm for 15-40 minutes to prevent the crystal water in it from exploding. The strength of the prefabricated cooling pipe does not need to be too high to reduce the difficulty of breaking in the later stage. The inner hole of the prefabricated cooling pipe can be small (greater than 10mm), and the outer surface can be toothed to increase the cooling area, and the wall thickness is not less than 40mm. The function of the cooling pipe is to make the slag form more cracks, increase the cooling speed of the slag, shorten the processing time of each slag tank, reduce the configuration number of autoclaves and slag tanks, reduce the strength of the slag after cooling, and reduce the power consumption of crushing. Solid slag, no cooling pipe is required. For example, steel and iron slag after thermal crushing.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of producing steam autoclave pressure, it is characterized in that：Including autoclave body（3）, autoclave body inner thermal insulating layer（4）, kettle cover（11）, kettle cover it is heat-insulated Insulating layer（12）, spray system, locking device,

Autoclave body（3）Inside is equipped with autoclave body inner thermal insulating layer（4）, kettle cover（11）Inside is equipped with kettle cover insulating（12）, in autoclave body （3）And kettle cover（11）Junction is equipped with locking device, in kettle cover（11）Lower section is equipped with spray system, in autoclave body（3）Top is equipped with Steam output interface（51）, relief valve connection（52）, in autoclave body（3）Bottom is provided with drainage interface（30）.

2. producing steam autoclave pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The spray system includes across kettle cover（11） Water inlet pipe（23）, water inlet pipe（23）Lower end connects spray annular water pipe（14）, spray annular water pipe（14）It is equipped with nozzle（13）.

3. producing steam autoclave pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The locking device includes being mounted on autoclave body （3）On locking mounting base（5）And it is mounted on kettle cover（11）On finger block（9）, lock mounting base（5）It is equipped with circular arc slideway （6）, circular arc slideway（6）It is interior to be equipped with circular arc sliding block（7）, circular arc sliding block（7）Top is provided with the slot for being directed toward the center of circle.

4. producing steam autoclave pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：In autoclave body（3）Side You Pour turn over oil cylinder installation Frame（29）, Pour turn over oil cylinder mounting bracket（29）Upper end passes through large arm rotary shaft（26）With large arm（22）It is hinged, large arm（22）He Pour are turned over Oil cylinder mounting bracket（29）Between You Pour turn over oil cylinder（28）, in large arm（22）The top connect lifting cylinder（21）, lifting oil Cylinder（21）Lower end connects kettle cover（11）.

5. producing steam autoclave pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：In autoclave body（3）It is interior to be equipped with slag ladle（40）, slag ladle （40）Structure includes slag ladle shell（36）, slag ladle shell（36）Inside it is followed successively by magnesia refractories layer（32）, lightweight clay cast The bed of material（33）, ceramic fiber layer（34）, in slag ladle shell（36）Inside is equipped with anchoring piece（35）, in slag ladle（40）Lower part is equipped with row Water hole（39）And pedestal（38）, slag ladle（40）Lower outside is equipped with hanging axis（37）, in slag ladle（40）Top is equipped with slag ladle upper edge （31）.

6. producing steam autoclave pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：In slag ladle（40）It is interior to be equipped with cooling tube（49）, cold But it manages（49）Including end plate（44）, end plate（44）On be installed with several heat resisting pipes（46）, heat resisting pipe（46）Lower part is that steel pipe is close Seal tip（48）, heat resisting pipe（46）Pipe shaft be equipped with steel pipe upper end water-permeable and air permeable hole（47）, end plate（44）It is equipped on end plate Water-permeable and air permeable hole（43）, end plate（44）On be provided with connection heat resisting pipe（46）Connecting plate（42）, in end plate（44）Middle part Equipped with hanger base plate（45）, hanger base plate（45）It is equipped with lifting lug（41）.

7. producing steam autoclave pressure according to claim 6, it is characterized in that：Cooling tube（49）There can be at least two modes： The heat resisting pipe of reuse and disposable prefabricated slag pipe.

8. producing steam autoclave pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：In autoclave body（3）Downside is equipped with skirt（1）, in kettle Body（3）Inside is equipped with inner seat（2）, in autoclave body（3）Outside is equipped with autoclave body cooling jacket（27）, in kettle cover（11）It is cold to be equipped with kettle cover But water jacket（25）.

9. producing steam autoclave pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：:In kettle cover（11）Kettle cover lifting is equipped with to be oriented to Frame（24）, kettle cover lifting leading truck（24）For two frame bodies, the large arm（22）Between two frame bodies.

10. producing steam autoclave pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that kettle cover（11）With autoclave body（3）Junction is provided with Temperature resistant rubber sealing ring（10）, temperature resistant rubber sealing ring（10）For hollow O shape circle.