CN108739684A - The devices and methods therefor of organic waste is handled using black soldier flies - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention utilizes black soldier flies to treat the device and method of organic waste, and the device comprises: breeding box, feeder tray feeder, feeder tray discharger, exhaust fan, deodorizer and automatic controller, and deodorizer is placed in the breeding box At the top, an exhaust fan is installed on the upper end of the deodorizer. The breeding box is composed of n channels composed of frames, and several support frames are installed at both ends of each channel, and the support frames are arranged from top to bottom along the height of the channel. Equidistantly evenly distributed into m layers, q breeding boxes are placed on each support frame of the passage, several positioning conveying bearings are installed on the support frame and the frame of the passage, and the lower end between adjacent passages and the distance between the passage and the frame The breeding box at the lower end of the room is equipped with a blanking collection tank, and guide rails are respectively arranged outside the two ends of the breeding box perpendicular to the channel. The feeding machine, tray discharging machine, exhaust fan and deodorizer are respectively connected with the automatic controller through the information line.

Description

Device and method for treating organic waste with black soldier flies

technical field

The invention relates to the field of environmental protection, in particular to a device and method for treating organic waste by utilizing black soldier flies.

Background technique

Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.), a saprophytic Soldier Fly insect, can complete a generation in 35 days in a suitable environment. In nature, organic waste is decomposed, digested and absorbed by insects (soldier flies, beetles, ants, etc.) and microorganisms. Insects are eaten by animals such as birds and fish, and the remaining residues are absorbed by plant roots and enter the ecological cycle again. Low cost, low energy consumption, and high efficiency are the wisdom formed by the evolution of nature over hundreds of millions of years.

Black Soldier Fly is a kind of Soldier Fly insect in my country. Its larvae like to eat feces and decayed organic matter, and have a large feed intake and high transformation rate. In production and application, it is mainly used for the treatment of kitchen waste, vegetable and fruit tails, livestock and poultry manure, and animal carcasses. During the feeding process of larvae, it can effectively reduce harmful bacteria such as E. coli.

The collected black soldier fly larvae have a water content of 70%, dried in a microwave tunnel (50% protein, 30% oil, 10% moisture, and 10% other minerals. 30% of the crude fat is medium-chain lauric acid, 20% % is palmitic acid), which can be made into feed additive raw materials.

At present, the degree of mechanization of treating organic waste with black soldier flies is relatively low, such as: patent application publication number: CN108157303 discloses a multi-layer breeding device for raising black soldier flies with livestock and poultry manure, including frames and multi-layers for cultivating black soldier flies Conveyor belt mechanism, the conveying direction of the adjacent conveyor belt mechanism is opposite, and the livestock and poultry manure of the conveyor belt mechanism can fall into the adjacent next layer of the conveyor belt mechanism when it is conveyed to the end. The transmission direction of the adjacent two-layer conveyor belt mechanism is opposite. The surface layer of livestock and poultry manure on the conveyor belt mechanism is relatively dry, and the bottom layer of animal manure is relatively wet and sticky. When the livestock and poultry manure falls from the conveyor belt, the surface layer of livestock and poultry manure will fall first, and the bottom layer The manure of livestock and poultry falls later, and the function of turning over manure can be realized during the falling process, which can well solve the problem of over-humidity of the bottom of the manure of black soldier flies in livestock and poultry manure breeding

However, the lengths of the two ends of the black soldier fly breeding device are different, the space utilization rate is low, the baffle plate and the conveyor belt mechanism are difficult to seal, the larvae have the habit of drilling into the gap, the process is difficult to control, and it is difficult to realize large-scale automated production.

Patent application publication number: CN 108029641 A, the invention discloses an intelligent automatic black soldier fly bioreactor, production line and usage method, which belongs to the field of biological instruments and equipment. The black soldier fly bioreactor includes a bottom plate and a fixed On the cuboid reaction mechanism on the bottom plate, automatic discharge doors are arranged on the left and right side walls of the reaction mechanism, and two horizontal racks are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the reaction mechanism. The upper part of the horizontal rack is provided with a first gear meshed with it, and one side of each first gear is also provided with a second gear meshed with the horizontal rack, and the two first gears The two second gears are connected by the first rotating shaft, and the two second gears are connected by the second rotating shaft. The feeding pipe is arranged above the frame, and the black soldier fly bioreactor also includes a controller and a control panel. The first The motor is electrically connected with the controller. The application realizes automation and intelligence in feeding, feeding process and discharging in black soldier fly breeding. However, the stirring process of this black soldier fly breeding device is easy to cause larvae damage, and the black soldier fly has certain requirements on the thickness of the material during the breeding process, especially in the hot season, it is easy to cause high temperature to death, the conveying material and the throwing device It takes up a lot of space, and with the increase of materials, its energy consumption increases, so it is difficult to apply to large-scale production.

Patent application publication number: CN 108040985 A, the present invention discloses a three-dimensional multi-layer pumping plate type black soldier fly larva breeding device and method, wherein the device includes: a base; a support frame, which is vertically arranged on the base; Several layers of pumping plate type breeding components on at least one side of the support frame, the several layers of pumping plate type breeding components are arranged along the height direction of the support frame, and are divided into from top to bottom corresponding to multiple growth stages of the black soldier fly breeding cycle A plurality of stages of breeding areas, wherein the first stage of the breeding area includes at least one layer of the pumping plate type breeding components, the number of layers of the pumping plate type farming components included in the second stage of the breeding area is greater than that of the first stage of the breeding area, and so on, and then The number of layers of the pumping plate culture components included in the first-stage culture area is greater than that of the previous stage culture area; and the collection box for collecting mature larvae and insect excrement is arranged under the bottom pumping plate culture components. The cultivation device and method provided by the invention are convenient to operate and can improve cultivation efficiency. However, this black soldier fly breeding device raises black soldier flies in stages from top to bottom. During the process, the insects are separated in the next stage by pulling the plate, which makes it difficult to distribute evenly, resulting in inconsistent material treatment, larvae and In the process of falling insect manure, it is easy to be spilled and larvae are damaged, and it is difficult to realize automatic operation. It still belongs to the category of indigenous farming and is difficult to apply to large-scale production.

The above-mentioned black soldier fly breeding device has technical problems such as low space utilization rate, difficulty in odor collection and control, and non-standardization of breeding. Considering the breeding of horsefly as a whole, the automatic operation of the whole process has not been realized, and the demand for large-scale application in industry cannot be met.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a device and method for utilizing black soldier flies to process organic waste. It utilizes mechanical equipment and controllers to develop and innovate the feeding system and the discharging system, which improves the The automatic operation level of black soldier fly processing organic waste has realized the automatic control of three-dimensional breeding and met the needs of large-scale application.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention of the application, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A kind of device of the present invention utilizes black soldier fly to process organic waste, and it comprises: breeding box, tray feeding machine, tray discharging machine, exhaust fan, deodorizer and automatic controller, and deodorizer is placed in the breeding box At the top of the deodorizer, an exhaust fan is installed on the upper end of the deodorizer, wherein: the breeding box is composed of n channels composed of frames, and several support frames are respectively installed at both ends of each channel, and the support frames are arranged along the height of the channel from above From the bottom to the bottom, it is evenly distributed into m layers, and q breeding boxes are placed on the support frame of each layer of the channel. Several positioning conveying bearings are installed on the support frame and the frame of the channel. The lower end and the channel between adjacent channels A blanking collection tank is installed in the breeding box at the lower end between the channel and the frame, and a guide rail is respectively arranged outside the two ends of the breeding box perpendicular to the channel, and the tray feeding machine and the tray discharging machine move in the guide rail. Breeding box, tray feeder, tray discharger, exhaust fan and deodorizer are respectively connected to the automatic controller through the information line;

A device for processing organic waste using black soldier flies of the present invention, wherein: the tray feeding machine includes: a base, a lifting platform, a walking wheel, a lifting column, a hydraulic controller, a support, a range finder, a drive Chain, first motor, second motor, transmission box, push rod and push plate, at least four road wheels are installed under the base, and the first motor drives one or two of the road wheels to rotate through the drive chain. One end of the lift is equipped with a support, and the lifting column is fixed in the support and moves up and down along the support. A hydraulic controller is also installed on the lifting column to control the rise or fall of the lifting platform. The lifting platform is parallel to the base and parallel to the base. One end of it is fixed on the lifting column, and the range finder is installed on the lifting platform, which is used to detect the distance between the target position of the culture box to be transported and the lifting platform. The transmission box is installed on the lifting platform. , the push rod passes through the transmission box and meshes with the screw nut, and a push plate is installed at one end of the push rod, and the second motor drives the screw nut to rotate, so that the push rod and the push plate move linearly along the width direction of the lifting platform, and the device is moved The breeding box on the lifting platform is pushed into the feeding position;

A device for processing organic waste using black soldier flies according to the present invention, wherein: the material tray discharger includes: a base, a lifting platform, a walking wheel, a lifting column, a hydraulic controller, a support, a rangefinder, a drive Chain and the first motor, at least four road wheels are installed under the base, the first motor drives one or two of the road wheels to rotate through the drive chain, a support is installed at one end of the base, and the lifting column is fixed on the support It moves up and down along the support. There is also a hydraulic controller on the lifting column to control the rise or fall of the lifting platform. The lifting platform is parallel to the base and one end is fixed on the lifting column. The distance meter is installed on the lifting column. On the lifting platform, it is used to detect the distance between the target position of the breeding box to be transported and the lifting platform;

A device for treating organic waste using black soldier flies according to the present invention, wherein: along the length direction of the lifting platform, several rollers are arranged on the lifting platform, and the rollers are evenly arranged on the lifting platform; The range meter is a laser range finder, and the traveling wheels are V-shaped traveling wheels;

A device for treating organic waste using black soldier flies according to the present invention, wherein: the lifting column is at least two sections of aluminum alloy telescopic rods sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the upper section of aluminum alloy telescopic rod is set on the next section of aluminum alloy telescopic rod In the telescopic rod, the rise of each section is realized, and the lifting platform is installed on the uppermost section of aluminum alloy telescopic rod;

A device for treating organic waste by utilizing black soldier flies of the present invention, wherein: the aluminum alloy telescopic rod has 3-10 sections;

A device for treating organic waste by using black soldier flies of the present invention, wherein: the tray discharger and the tray feeder also include: several positioning bearings, the positioning bearings are installed at the end of the lifting platform, In order to block the breeding box, a proximity sensor is installed on the positioning bearing.

A device for treating organic waste by using black soldier flies of the present invention, wherein: the frame of the breeding box is equipped with several heating plates, and a plurality of humidity sensors and temperature sensors are also installed in the breeding box, and the first motor , the second motor, hydraulic controller, range finder, proximity sensor, heating sheet, humidity sensor and temperature sensor are all connected to the automatic controller, the support frame is an angle iron, the automatic controller includes a PLC machine, and the falling objects are collected The groove is a V-shaped groove, and the width of the upper opening of the V-shaped groove is greater than the distance between the two breeding boxes of the adjacent channel;

A kind of device of the present invention utilizes black soldier fly to process organic waste to handle the method for organic waste, wherein: it comprises the following steps:

(a) Pretreat the organic waste so that its particle size is <20mm and its moisture content is between 75% and 80%. Then, the above-mentioned organic waste is quantitatively added to the breeding box through the screw conveying equipment, and then added to the breeding box Quantitative black soldier fly larvae;

(b) Use a conveyor to transport at least one breeding box to the rollers of the lifting platform at the initial position of the tray feeder. When the above-mentioned breeding box touches the positioning bearing, the proximity sensor on the positioning bearing will send the signal that the breeding box is in place. The information line is transmitted to the automatic control box, the automatic control box controls the lifting platform of the tray feeder to move to the specified height, and then the distance meter transmits the height signal of the roller to the automatic control box, and the automatic control box controls the second motor to push The rod is pushed out, and the breeding box is pushed to the corresponding support frame in the channel of the breeding box. Through the guiding effect of the positioning conveying bearing, all the breeding boxes on the lifting platform are pushed into the above support frame by the push rod in turn, and the push rod resets, and the lifting platform return to the above initial position;

(c) Step (b) is repeated until q breeding boxes are filled in the designated height support frame of the breeding box channel;

(d) the lifting platform of the automatic control box controls the tray feeder to move to the next designated height of the passage (29), repeat step (c), until all the support frames of the passage in the breeding box are filled with q up to the breeding box;

(e) The automatic control box controls the first motor of the tray feeder, and the tray feeder is moved to the next passage in the guide rail, and steps (b) to (d) are repeated until the passage of the passage in the breeding box All support frames are filled with q breeding boxes;

(e) repeat step (d), until all support frames of all channels of the breeding box are filled with q breeding boxes;

(f) When the black soldier flies have been processing organic waste in the breeding box for 9 days, and the length of the worm body is > 15mm, and the width of the worm body > 4mm, start to enter the next batch of breeding boxes;

(g) Repeat step (b) to step (e), when the push rod pushes the next batch of breeding boxes to the support frame of the specified height again, the breeding box at the other end of the horizontal direction of the breeding box will be squeezed out, squeezed out The out-grown breeding box moves to the tray discharger corresponding to the tray feeder, and when the above-mentioned extruded breeding box touches the positioning bearing of the tray discharger, the proximity sensor on the positioning bearing will move the tray The signal of the breeding box of the discharging machine is transmitted to the automatic control box through the information line, and the automatic control box controls the lifting platform of the tray discharging machine to rise or fall to the initial position, and then manually move the breeding box to the designated place for screening and drying For dry and automatic bagging, the lifting platform of the tray discharger rises or descends again to the feeding position of the corresponding tray feeder.

A kind of device of the present invention utilizes black soldier fly to process organic waste to handle the method for organic waste, wherein: in step (a), the organic waste that is placed in the breeding box is 15kg, and black soldier fly is 0.2kg 4 days old larva.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. A breeding device and method using black soldier flies to treat organic waste, which guarantees the conditions of the treatment process and realizes the standardization of breeding. Through the temperature control in the breeding process, the standardization of the growth environment of black soldier flies and the realization of automatic entry and exit procedures are realized The operation process is standardized, thereby ensuring the quality of the black soldier fly;

2. An automatic breeding device and method for processing organic waste by using black soldier flies is integrated in a container, which can be assembled in a modular manner, saves land occupation, is convenient for expansion or reduction, and can realize automatic operation;

3. The use of automatic feeding and discharging system saves a lot of management costs and human resources, improves the working environment, realizes the automatic arrangement of materials in space, and improves the space utilization rate; the matching of automation and deodorization system avoids garbage disposal During the process, the personnel are in direct contact with the garbage, realizing negative pressure operation and avoiding the impact on the surrounding environment. It has changed people's intuitive feeling about the messiness of garbage disposal.

4. The modular farming device is easy to disassemble, easy to move, does not occupy land permanently, and the implementation progress is fast.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a kind of front schematic view of the device utilizing black soldier flies to process organic waste of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic side view of Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the positive schematic diagram of tray feeding machine;

Fig. 4 is the lateral schematic diagram of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is the forward schematic view of the feeding tray discharging machine;

Fig. 6 is a schematic side view of Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the lifting column of the tray feeder and the tray discharger.

In Figures 1 to 6, the number 1 is the lifting column; the number 2 is the bracket; the number 3 is the roller; the number 4 is the walking wheel; the number 5 is the hydraulic controller; the number 6 is the drive chain; the number 7 is the lifting platform; 8 is a base; 9 is a transmission box; 10 is a positioning bearing; 11 is a distance meter; 12 is a push rod; 13 is a push plate; 14 is a first motor; 15 is a second motor; The number 16 is the tray feeder; the number 17 is the tray discharger; the number 18 is the automatic controller; the number 19 is the exhaust fan; the number 20 is the deodorizer; the number 21 is the breeding box; the number 22 is the frame; the number 23 24 is a positioning conveying bearing; 25 is a culture box; 26 is a blanking collection tank; 27 is a guide rail; 28 is a heating plate; 29 is a channel.

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of device of the present invention utilizing black soldier flies to process organic waste comprises: breeding box 21, tray feeder 16, tray discharger 17, exhaust fan 19, deodorizer 20 With automatic controller 18, deodorizer 20 is placed on the top of breeding case 21, exhaust fan 19 is equipped with on the upper end of deodorizer 20, and breeding case 21 is made up of n passages 29 of frame 22, in each passage 29 Several support frames 23 are respectively installed at both ends, and the support frames 23 are uniformly distributed into m layers from top to bottom along the height of the passage 29, and q breeding boxes 25 are placed on each support frame 23 of the passage 29 , on the frame 22 of support frame 23 and channel 29, several positioning conveying bearings 24 are housed, and a blanking collection tank 26 is housed in the culture box 21 of the lower end between adjacent channels 29 and the lower end between channel 29 and frame 22 , a guide rail 27 is respectively arranged outside the two ends of the culture box 21 perpendicular to the channel 29, the tray feeder 16 and the tray discharger 17 move in the guide rail 27, the culture box 21, the tray feeder 16 , tray discharger 17, exhaust fan 19 and deodorizer 20 are connected with automatic controller 18 by information line respectively.

Several heating plates 28 are housed on the frame 22 of the breeding box 21, and a plurality of humidity sensors and a plurality of temperature sensors are also housed in the breeding box 21. The groove 26 is a V-shaped groove, and the width of the upper opening of the V-shaped groove is greater than the distance between the two breeding boxes 25 of the adjacent channel 29 .

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the tray feeder 16 includes: a base 8, a lifting platform 7, a traveling wheel 4, a lifting column 1, a hydraulic controller 5, a support 2, a rangefinder 11, a drive chain 6, First motor 14, second motor 15, transmission box 9, push rod 12, push plate 13 and some positioning bearings 10, at least four road wheels 4 are housed below the base 8, and first motor 14 passes drive chain 6 Drive one or two of the walking wheels 4 to rotate, and a support 2 is installed at one end of the base 8. The lifting column 1 is fixed in the support 2 and moves up and down along the support 2. The lifting column 1 is also equipped with a hydraulic pressure The controller 5 is used to control the rise or fall of the lifting platform 7. The lifting platform 7 is parallel to the base 8 and one end of which is fixed on the lifting column 1. The range finder 11 is installed on the lifting platform 7 for detecting the culture to be transported. The distance between the target position of the box and the lifting platform 7, the transmission box 9 is installed on the lifting platform 7, the screw nut is housed in the transmission box 2, the push rod 12 passes through the transmission box 2 and engages with the screw nut, and the push rod 12 One end of the push plate 13 is equipped with, and the second motor 15 drives the screw nut to rotate, so that the push rod 12 and the push plate 13 move linearly along the width direction of the lifting platform 7, and the breeding box mounted on the lifting platform 7 is pushed into the feed Location. Along the length direction of the lifting platform 7, several rollers 3 are installed on the lifting platform 7, and the rollers 3 are evenly arranged on the lifting platform 7 in parallel; the distance measuring instrument 11 is a laser distance measuring instrument, and the walking Wheel 4 is a V-type walking wheel, and locating bearing 10 is contained in the end of lifting platform 7, is used to block cultivation box 25, and proximity sensor is housed on locating bearing 10.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the tray discharger 17 includes: a base 8, a lifting platform 7, a traveling wheel 4, a lifting column 1, a hydraulic controller 5, a support 2, a range finder 11, and a drive chain 6 , the first motor 14 and several positioning bearings 10, at least four road wheels 4 are equipped with below the base 8, the first motor 14 drives one or two road wheels 4 to rotate through the drive chain 6, and on the base 8 One end is equipped with a support 2, and the lifting column 1 is fixed in the support 2 and moves up and down along the support 2. A hydraulic controller 5 is also installed on the lifting column 1 to control the rise or fall of the lifting platform 7, and the lifting The platform 7 is parallel to the base 8 and one end thereof is fixed on the lifting column 1. The range finder 11 is mounted on the lifting platform 7 for detecting the distance between the target position of the culture box to be transported and the lifting platform 7, along the In the length direction of the lifting platform 7, several rollers 3 are installed on the lifting platform 7, and the rollers 3 are evenly arranged on the lifting platform 7 in parallel; the distance measuring instrument 11 is a laser distance measuring instrument, and the traveling wheel 4 is V type traveling wheel, location bearing 10 is contained in the end of lifting platform 7, is used to block culture box 25, and proximity sensor is housed on location bearing 10.

As shown in Figure 7, the lifting column 1 is at least two aluminum alloy telescopic rods connected sequentially from top to bottom. , Lifting platform 7 is contained on the last section of aluminum alloy telescopic rod, and aluminum alloy telescopic rod is 3-10 joints.

The first motor 14 , the second motor 15 , the hydraulic controller 5 , the range finder 11 , the proximity sensor, the heating plate 28 , the humidity sensor and the temperature sensor are all connected to the automatic controller 18 .

Utilize the device of Fig. 1 to Fig. 7 to process the method for organic waste, it may further comprise the steps:

(a) organic waste is pretreated to make its particle diameter＜20mm, water content between 75～80%, then above-mentioned 15kg organic waste is quantitatively added in the culture box 25 by screw conveying equipment, then to the culture box Add 0.2kg of 4-day-old black soldier fly larvae in 25;

(b) transport at least one breeding box 25 to the roller 3 of the hoisting platform 7 at the initial position of the tray feeder 16 with a conveyor, when the above-mentioned breeding box 25 touches the positioning bearing 10, the proximity sensor on the positioning bearing 10 The signal that the breeding box 25 is in place is transmitted to the automatic control box 18 through the information line, and the automatic control box 18 controls the lifting platform 7 of the tray feeder 16 to move to a specified height, and then the distance meter 11 transmits the height signal of the roller 3 For the automatic control box 18, the automatic control box 18 controls the second motor 15 to push the push rod 12 out, and the breeding box 25 is pushed to the corresponding support frame 23 in the breeding box 21 channel 29, and the lifting is carried out by the guiding action of the positioning conveying bearing 24. After all the breeding boxes 25 on the platform 7 are pushed into the above-mentioned support frame 23 by the push rod 12 in turn, the push rod 12 resets, and the lifting platform 7 returns to the above-mentioned initial position;

(c) Step (b) is repeated until the designated height support frame 23 of the breeding box 21 passage 29 is filled with q breeding boxes 25;

(d) automatic control box 18 controls the lifting platform 7 of tray feeder 16 to move to the next specified height of passage 29, repeats step (c), until in all support frames 23 of this passage 29 in the breeding case 21 Fill q breeding boxes until 25;

(e) automatic control box 18 controls the first motor 14 of tray feeder 16, tray feeder 16 is moved to next passage 29 in guide rail 27, repeats step (b) to step (d), until All support frames 23 of the channel 29 in the breeding box 21 are filled with q breeding boxes 25;

(f) step (e) is repeated until all the supporting frames 23 of all passages 29 of the breeding case 21 have placed the breeding box 25;

(g) When the black soldier flies have processed organic waste in the breeding box 21 for 9 days, and when the length of the worm body > 15mm and the width of the worm body > 4mm, start to enter the next batch of breeding boxes 25;

(h) repeating step (b) to step (g), when push rod 12 is pushed into the support frame 23 of next batch of breeding box 25 to designated height again, the breeding box 25 at the other end of breeding box 21 horizontal direction is Extruding, the extruded culture box 23 moves to the material tray discharge machine 17 corresponding to the material tray feeder 16, when the above-mentioned extruded culture box 25 contacts the positioning bearing of the material tray discharge machine 17 At 10 o'clock, the proximity sensor on the positioning bearing 10 transmits the signal of the tray discharger 17 culture box 25 to the automatic control box 18 through the information line, and the automatic control box 18 controls the lifting platform 7 of the tray discharger 17 to rise or fall to the initial position, and then manually move the breeding box 25 to the designated place for screening, drying and automatic bagging, and the lifting platform 7 of the tray discharger 17 descends or rises to the corresponding tray feeding Machine 16 feeding position.

Frame 22 is made up of upright column and cross arm by welding, and the shape is the gantry form of rectangular shape, and material is 20mm*80mm stainless steel square pipe, and frame 2 is 3 columns and 13 floors. The culture frame 2 is fixed to the bottom surface of the culture box shell 1 inside by the anchor bolts at the bottom of the column. The support frame 3 is made of 5# galvanized angle steel. Every 2 angle steels form a group. The angles of the angle steel point to the inside relatively. One of the sides of the angle steel is in a horizontal position, forming a U-like shape, and the layer-to-layer spacing of the breeding box support frame 3 is 160mm.

The positioning conveying bearing 24 is respectively welded and fixed on the cross arm and the column of the support frame 3 by its own shaft head, and the positioning conveying bearing 4 welded on the cross arm is used to drag the culture box 13 to move horizontally on the culture box support frame 3, and the column The positioning delivery bearing 4 welded on is used to control the vertical line walking of the cultivation box 13 extending the column. It is 278mm that the sensor is set at the spacing of the bearing, and the number of bearings required to start supporting and guiding the breeding box 13 simultaneously is 3 respectively.

Falling thing collecting groove 26 is V-shaped groove, is fixed on the bottom surface of culture box 21 by welding, and the width of upper opening is greater than the spacing of two adjacent culture boxes 25, is used for collecting when the culture environment is abnormal because of equipment failure, by culture box Black soldier fly larva that fell after crawling out within 25 minutes. When there are larvae in the litter collection tank 26, the push plate made by artificial utilization is pushed in by one side, and the larvae are pushed out from the other side to carry out post-collection treatment.

Breeding box 25 adopts the plastic box that market sells does not have top cover, and specification is (length*width*height) 800*600*120mm.

Heating sheet 28 adopts the electric auxiliary heating aluminum plate sold in the market, has 294 pieces, is fixed on the column on the left and right sides of frame 22 by bolt respectively, and is connected with automatic control box 18 by wire.

The breeding box 21 is equipped with a biological deodorization reactor, and the air outlet of the breeding box 21 is connected with the inlet of the biological deodorization reactor 20 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the biological deodorization reactor 20 is connected with the inlet of the exhaust fan 12 through a pipeline. Temperature sensors are hung on the upper, middle and lower parts of the four corners inside the breeding box shell 1 respectively. When 6 of the temperature sensors detect that the temperature reaches higher than 40 degrees, the temperature signal is transmitted to the automatic control box 18, and the automatic control box 18 controls and starts the exhaust fan 19 to cool down the breeding box 1, and the gas removed first passes through the biological deodorization reaction After the device 20, no peculiar smell emission is achieved.

Automatic control box 18 contains electrical control element and PLC machine, and each control element is connected with each electrical equipment in the cultivation unit by lead, is used for control equipment start and stop.

The action of material tray discharging machine 17 is synchronized with material tray feeding machine 16, and all driving equipment are connected with electrical components in the automatic control box 18 by wires.

With the m layer of the present invention being 13 layers, and the n passage being 3 passages, the positions of feeding and discharging are described in detail. During work, the tray feeder 16 and the tray discharger 17 stay horizontally (x) The position is divided into 3: xA, xB, xC; the vertical (y) stop position is divided into 13: y1 to y13;

At the beginning, there was no breeding box 25 in the breeding case 21. The breeding box 25 after adding materials is transported to the roller 3 of the tray feeder 1 through the conveying equipment, when the breeding box 25 touches the positioning bearing 10, the proximity sensor on the positioning bearing 10 transmits the contact signal to the automatic control Box 18, the automatic control box 18 controls the lifting platform 7 of the tray feeder 16 to move to a specified height, the laser range finder 11 transmits the height signal to the automatic control box 18, and the automatic control box 18 controls the second motor 15 to push the push rod 12 is released, and the breeding box 25 is pushed onto the positioning delivery bearing 24 of the corresponding support frame 23 in the channel 29 of the breeding box 21. Through the guiding action of the positioning delivery bearing 24, all the breeding boxes 25 on the lifting platform 7 are pushed by the push rod 12 in turn. After entering the support frame 23, the push rod 12 is reset, and the lifting platform 7 returns to the above-mentioned initial position. The tray discharger 17 and the tray feeder 16 act simultaneously, and the start and stop positions are all controlled by the automatic control box 18. After the push rod 12 completes the advancement of a breeding box 25, the opposite breeding box 25 is ejected onto the table top of the lifting platform 7 of the tray discharger 17, and then the push rod 12 is reset to the stop position, and then the breeding box is manually operated. Box 25 is sent to screening place to carry out processes such as screening, drying and automatic bagging.

Its operation method is as follows:

The starting and stopping position of the roller 3 of the tray feeder 16 corresponds to (xA, y7), as shown by the coordinate arrows in FIG. 1 , and the top surface is at the same level; the push rod 12 is in a state to be pushed out.

When the breeding box 25 with organic waste and 4-day-old black soldier fly larvae was sent to the roller 3 and touched the positioning bearing 10, the proximity sensor on the positioning bearing 10 transmitted its contact signal to the automatic control box 18. PLC, the PLC in the automatic control box 18 controls the lifting platform 7 of the tray feeder 16 to rise from the corresponding position (xA, y7) to the corresponding position (xA, y13);

After reaching the corresponding (xA, y13) position, the laser ranging controller 11 transmits the position signal to the PLC in the automatic control box 18, and the automatic control box 18 instructs the hydraulic controller 5 to stop, start the second motor 15, push rod 12 Push the breeding box 25 into the (xA, y13) position, then retract the push rod 12, and reset the lifting platform 7 of the tray feeder 16 to the corresponding (xA, y7) position. After the box 25 is pushed into (xA, y12), (xA, y11), (xA, y10), (xA, y9), (xA, y8) positions, the tray feeder 16 descends to the lifting platform 7 to the corresponding (xA, y1) position, continue to repeat the above steps, and push the breeding box 25 into (xA, y1), (xA, y2), (xA, y3), (xA, y4), (xA, y5) (xA,y6), (xA,y7) positions. So far, the push-in work of the breeding boxes 13 in the X row is completed, and the tray feeder 16 returns to the initial position xA, y7.

After the cultivation box 13 of xA column pushes and puts, PLC controls the first motor 14 to rotate in the automatic control box 18, drives the traveling wheel 4 to rotate by drive chain 6, realizes the movement of material pan feeder 16 on guide rail 27. The tray feeder 16 moves horizontally to the xB row by the starting stop position xA row, and makes the lifting platform 7 and the breeding box (xB, y7) be in a horizontal position, and continues to repeat the pushing work of the breeding box 25 of the xA row. Complete (xB, y13), (xB, y12), (xB, y11), (xB, y10) (xB, y9), (xB, y8), (xB, y1), (xB, y2), ( Pushing of the breeding boxes 25 at positions xB, y3), (xB, y4), (xB, y5), (xB, y6) and (xB, y7).

After the last reset, the lifting platform 7 of the tray feeder 16 stays at the horizontal position corresponding to (xB, y7).

After the xB column codes are put, the PLC in the automatic control box 18 controls the first motor 14 to rotate, and drives the traveling wheel 4 to rotate through the drive chain 6 to realize the movement of the tray feeder 16 on the guide rail 27. The lifting platform 7 of the tray feeder 16 moves horizontally from the starting stop position xB row to the xC row position, and makes the lifting platform 7 and the breeding box (xC, y7) be in a horizontal position, and continues to repeat the breeding box 25 of the xA row push work. Complete (xC, y13), (xC, y12), (xC, y11), (xC, y10), (xC, y9), (xC, y8), (xC, y1), (xC, y2), Pushing of the breeding box 25 at the positions (xC, y3), (xC, y4), (xC, y5), (xC, y6) and (xC, y7).

To sum up, the initial position of the lifting platform 7 of the tray feeding machine 16 and the tray discharging machine 17 is in the middle of the height of the breeding box 21, that is, the seventh floor.

When the length of the larva body > 15mm and the width of the worm body > 4mm, repeat the work on the first day, and at the same time, the tray feeder 16 and the tray discharger 17 operate at the same time, and the start and stop positions are controlled by the PLC in the automatic control box 18. control. After the push rod 12 of the tray feeder 16 completes the advancement of a culture, the opposite culture box is ejected onto the lifting platform 7 of the tray discharger 17, and when it is reset to the stop position (xA, y7), The breeding box 25 is manually transported to the screening site for screening, drying and automatic bagging processes.

The biological deodorization reactor 20 adopts the patented product "a biological deodorization reactor" of Beijing Haoye Yisheng Technology Co., Ltd. with the patent number ZL 2011 2 0556563.0. The biological deodorization reactor 20 is installed on the outside of the breeding box 21, the air inlet of the biological deodorization reactor 20 is connected with the reserved air outlet of the breeding box 21 through a pipeline, and bolts are carried out through the reserved flanges on both sides of the pipeline. fixed; the air inlet of the exhaust fan 19 is connected with the air outlet of the biological deodorization reactor 20 by pipes, and fixed by bolts through the reserved flanges on both sides of the pipe; the air outlet of the exhaust fan 19 is directly discharged into the atmosphere. Exhaust fan 19 is connected with PLC in automatic control box 18 by wire. The inside of the biological deodorization reactor 20 communicates with the inside of the breeding box 21 through a ventilation duct. 12 temperature sensors are hung on the upper, middle and lower parts of the four corners inside the breeding box 21 respectively. When wherein greater than 6 temperatures were higher than 40 degrees, the temperature sensor transmitted the signal to the PLC in the automatic control box 18, and the PLC in the automatic control box 18 controlled and started the exhaust fan 19 to cool down in the breeding box 21, and the gas to be removed was first passed through biological removal. After the odor reactor 20, no peculiar smell emission is achieved. When the temperature is lower than 15 degrees, the temperature signal is transmitted to the PLC in the automatic control box 18, and the PLC in the automatic control box 18 controls and starts the heating plate 28 to heat the inside of the breeding box 1. When the temperature reaches 20 degrees, the PLC in the automatic control box 18 controls Stop heating sheet 14 work. The number of air changes is 28 times/hour.

In this embodiment, the organic matter is processed in batches, and continuous processing can also be realized by adding an automatic breeding device or dividing the internal space.

The above description is an explanation of the present invention, not a limitation of the invention. For the limited scope of the present invention, refer to the claims. The present invention can be modified in any form without violating the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of device handling organic waste using black soldier flies, it includes：Box for breeding（21）, charging tray charger（16）, charging tray Discharging machine（17）, exhaust fan（19）, deodoriser（20）And automatic controller（18）, deodoriser（20）It is placed on box for breeding（21）'s Top, in deodoriser（20）Upper end be equipped with exhaust fan（19）, it is characterised in that：Box for breeding（21）By frame（22）The n of composition A channel（29）, in each channel（29）Interior both ends are respectively provided with several supporting racks（23）, supporting rack（23）Along channel （29）Height it is equidistant successively from top to bottom be uniformly distributed into m layers, q breeding box（25）It is placed on channel（29）Every layer Supporting rack（23）On, in supporting rack（23）The channel and（29）Frame（22）It is upper to position fed bearings equipped with several（24）, Adjacency channel（29）Between lower end and channel（29）With frame（22）Between lower end box for breeding（21）One blanking is inside housed Collecting tank（26）, with channel（29）Vertical close box for breeding（21）It is respectively disposed with a guide rail on the outside of both ends（27）, charging tray Charger（16）With charging tray discharging machine（17）In the guide rail（27）Interior movement, box for breeding（21）, charging tray charger（16）, charging tray goes out Material machine（17）, exhaust fan（19）And deodoriser（20）Pass through information wire and automatic controller respectively（18）It is connected.

2. utilizing the device of black soldier flies processing organic waste as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The charging tray charger （16）Including：Pedestal（8）, hoistable platform（7）, traveling wheel（4）, lifting column（1）, hydraulic controller（5）, bearing（2）, rangefinder （11）, drive chain（6）, first motor（14）, the second motor（15）, transmission case（9）, push rod（12）And push plate（13）, pedestal（8） Below be equipped at least four traveling wheels（4）, first motor（14）Pass through drive chain（6）Drive one of them or two traveling wheels （4）Rotation, in pedestal（8）One end be equipped with bearing（2）, lifting column（1）It is fixed on bearing（2）It is interior and along bearing（2）Up and down It is mobile, in lifting column（1）On be also equipped with hydraulic controller（5）, for controlling hoistable platform（7）Rise or fall, lifting is flat Platform（7）With pedestal（8）It is parallel and one end of which is fixed on lifting columns（1）On, rangefinder（11）Mounted in hoistable platform（7）On, it is used for Detect target location and the hoistable platform of breeding box to be conveyed（7）The distance between, transmission case（9）Mounted in hoistable platform（7）On, In transmission case（2）It is interior that screw, push rod are housed（12）Across transmission case（2）And engaged with screw, in push rod（12）One end be equipped with Push plate（13）, the second motor（15）Drive screw rotation so that push rod（12）And push plate（13）Along hoistable platform（7）Width Direction is for linear motion, will be mounted in hoistable platform（7）On breeding box be pushed into feeding position.

3. utilizing the device of black soldier flies processing organic waste as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The charging tray discharging machine （17）Including：Pedestal（8）, hoistable platform（7）, traveling wheel（4）, lifting column（1）, hydraulic controller（5）, bearing（2）, rangefinder （11）, drive chain（6）And first motor（14）, pedestal（8）Below be equipped at least four traveling wheels（4）, first motor（14） Pass through drive chain（6）Drive one of them or two traveling wheels（4）Rotation, in pedestal（8）One end be equipped with bearing（2）, lifting Column（1）It is fixed on bearing（2）It is interior and along bearing（2）It moves up and down, in lifting column（1）On be also equipped with hydraulic controller（5）, use In control hoistable platform（7）Rise or fall, hoistable platform（7）With pedestal（8）It is parallel and one end of which is fixed on lifting columns（1） On, rangefinder（11）Mounted in hoistable platform（7）On, the target location for detecting breeding box to be conveyed and hoistable platform（7）It Between distance.

4. utilizing the device of black soldier flies processing organic waste as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterised in that：Along lifting Platform（7）Length direction, in the hoistable platform（7）It is upper that several rollers are housed（3）, roller（3）Arrange to uniform parallel In hoistable platform（7）On；The rangefinder（11）For laser range finder, the traveling wheel（4）For V-type traveling wheel.

5. utilizing the device of black soldier flies processing organic waste as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：The lifting column（1） For sequentially connected at least two sections aluminium alloy telescopic rod from top to bottom, upper section aluminium alloy telescopic rod is sleeved on next section aluminium and closes In golden telescopic rod, a section raising, hoistable platform are realized（7）On a section aluminium alloy telescopic rod on most.

6. utilizing the device of black soldier flies processing organic waste as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that：The aluminium alloy is flexible Bar saves for 3-10.

7. utilizing the device of black soldier flies processing organic waste as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that：The charging tray discharging machine （17）With charging tray charger（16）Further include：Several positioning bearings（10）, the positioning bearing（10）Mounted in hoistable platform（7）'s End, for blocking breeding box（25）, in positioning bearing（10）It is upper that proximity sensor is housed.

8. utilizing the device of black soldier flies processing organic waste as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：The box for breeding（21） Frame（22）It is upper that several heating plates are housed（28）, in box for breeding（21）Inside it is also equipped with multiple humidity sensors and multiple temperature Sensor, first motor（14）, the second motor（15）, hydraulic controller（5）, rangefinder（11）, proximity sensor, heating plate （28）, humidity sensor and temperature sensor and automatic controller（18）It is connected, the supporting rack（23）For angle bar, automatically Controller（18）Including PLC machine, junk collecting tank（26）For V-shaped groove, V-shaped groove width suitable for reading is more than adjacency channel（29）Two A breeding box（25）Spacing.

9. a kind of method handling organic waste using claim 8 described device, it is characterised in that：It includes following step Suddenly：

（a）Organic waste is pre-processed, its grain size is made<20mm, moisture content are between 75 ~ 80%, then by above-mentioned organic rubbish Rubbish is quantitatively added to breeding box by screw conveyor（25）In, then to breeding box（25）It is middle to add 3 quantitative ages in days to 4 The black soldier flies larva of age in days；

（b）With conveyer by above-mentioned at least one breeding box（25）It is transported to charging tray charger（16）The hoistable platform of initial position （7）Roller（3）On, when above-mentioned breeding box（25）Touch positioning bearing（10）When, position bearing（10）On close to sensing Device is by breeding box（25）Signal in place passes to automatic control box by information wire（18）, automatic control box（18）Control charging tray Charger（16）Hoistable platform（7）It is moved to specified altitude assignment, then rangefinder（11）By roller（3）Altitude signal pass to Automatic control box（18）, automatic control box（18）Control the second motor（15）By push rod（12）It releases, breeding box（25）It is pushed To box for breeding（21）Channel（29）Interior corresponding supporting rack（23）On, by positioning fed bearings（24）Guiding role, lifting Platform（7）On all breeding boxes（25）By push rod（12）Above-mentioned supporting rack is pushed in turn（23）Afterwards, push rod（12）It resets, lifting Platform（7）It is back to above-mentioned initial position；

（c）Repeat step（b）, until box for breeding（21）Channel（29）Specified altitude assignment supporting rack（23）Inside fill q breeding box （25）Until；

（d）Automatic control box（18）Control charging tray charger（16）Hoistable platform（7）It is moved to channel（29）Next finger Fixed height, repeats step（c）, until box for breeding（21）The interior channel（29）All supporting racks（23）Q are inside filled to support Grow box（25）Until；

（e）Automatic control box（18）Control charging tray charger（16）First motor（14）, by charging tray charger（16）In guide rail （27）Inside it is moved to next channel（29）, repeat step（b）To step（d）, until box for breeding（21）The interior channel（29）'s All supporting racks（23）Inside fill q breeding box（25）Until；

（f）Repeat step（e）, until box for breeding（21）All channels（29）All supporting racks（23）On fill q and support Grow box（25）Until；

（g）When black soldier flies are in box for breeding（21）When middle processing organic waste expires 9 age in days, and worm body length>15mm, worm body width >When 4mm, next group breeding box is initially entered（25）；

（h）Repeat step（b）To step（f）, work as push rod（12）It is again pushed into next group breeding box（25）To the branch of specified altitude assignment Support（23）When, in box for breeding（21）The breeding box of the other end of horizontal direction（25）It is extruded, the breeding box being extruded（23） It is moved to and charging tray charger（16）The charging tray discharging machine of corresponding position（17）On, when the above-mentioned breeding box being extruded（25）Contact To charging tray discharging machine（17）Positioning bearing（10）When, position bearing（10）On proximity sensor by charging tray discharging machine（17）It supports Grow box（25）Signal automatic control box is passed to by information wire（18）, automatic control box（18）Control charging tray discharging machine（17） Hoistable platform（7）It is down or up to arrive initial position, then by manually by breeding box（25）It is moved to appointed place progress It sieves, the processing of drying and automatic bagging, charging tray discharging machine（17）Hoistable platform（7）It is raised or lowered to again corresponding Charging tray charger（16）Feed entrance point.

10. method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that：In step（a）In be placed on breeding box（25）In organic rubbish Rubbish is 15kg, and black soldier flies are 3 ages in days to 4 day old larvas of 0.2kg.