CN108735535A - Interlocking device between electric switches - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an interlocking device between electric switches, which can execute mechanical interlocking between more than two circuit breakers. The interlock device includes: a lock device; a linkage mechanism linked with the lock when pivoting; a brake device for limiting or releasing the action of the linkage mechanism; a transmission device for transmitting a braking signal to the braking device; and a housing for assembling the lock, the linkage mechanism, the brake device and the transmission device. The interlocking device provides a simple mechanical linkage structure, is convenient to install, does not really prevent the misoperation of an electric switch, and can improve the safety performance of the electric equipment in use.

Description

Interlocking device between electrical switches

technical field

The invention relates to an interlocking device between electrical switches, in particular to a switch interlocking device which can improve electrical safety performance.

Background technique

Based on the enthusiasm for improving industrial safety and field experience, the applicant of the present invention has made a series of inventions and creations on motor switches and power supply management. More than a dozen patents have been applied for and approved. In particular, the applicant of the present invention has provided a series of practical motor switch locking device designs, which can be used in combination with various brands and models of motor switches with good results. The reason why the applicant of the present invention has this series of inventions and creations about motor switch safety is that in view of many electrical accidents at home and abroad in the past, all occurred in the maintenance event of motor machinery, mainly lacking practical motor switch locking device. But also do not have all applicable locking devices for various states so far.

The Institute of Labor Safety and Health of the Taiwan Labor Council pointed out in a research report chaired by Su Wenyuan in the "Electrical Safety Technical Information" published in 1999: "Electric accidents have always been one of the main causes of labor accidental injuries, and should be avoided as much as possible to protect labor safety. The main reason for electric shock accidents is that public institutions and workers have insufficient awareness of electrical safety, which leads to potential dangers such as unsafe environments and unsafe behaviors at the workplace." There are two main types of common electrical safety disasters, The first is from mechanical equipment using electricity, and the second is from negligence in electrical work. In order to remedy the lack of awareness of electrical safety by institutions and workers and to prevent hazards caused by electrical operations, Article 45 of Taiwan's "Rules on Labor Safety and Sanitation Facilities" further mandates that employers use electrical machinery and equipment that must be safe. Facilities, that is, machinery that uses power to operate, have significant dangers, and emergency braking devices with obvious signs should be installed at appropriate locations to immediately cut off the power and be linked with the braking system to quickly stop the operation of the machinery in an emergency. In addition, in terms of preventing hazards caused by electrical operations, during power outages, Article 254 of Taiwan's "Rules on Labor Safety and Sanitation Facilities" stipulates that employers should not work on the circuit, the support of the circuit, or close to the circuit after the circuit is open. When laying, constructing, inspecting, repairing, painting and other operations of circuit work objects, after confirming that the circuit is open, take an open switch for the circuit. During the operation, it should be "locked" or marked with "no power transmission" and "power failure". "in operation" or set up monitoring personnel monitoring facilities. The aforementioned first type of disaster from mechanical equipment using electricity is caused by the fact that almost most people have insufficient knowledge of the principle of electrical safety interruption power. Although Article 254 of Taiwan's "Rules on Labor Safety and Sanitation Facilities" further stipulates that switches that are open circuits should be "locked" during operation, but so far, the "locked" regulations are often limited to Empty talk and no definite practice.

According to the international electrical regulations NEC.422.31.(430.102)(440.14), the shunt switch or circuit breaker used as isolation equipment should have a locking device; ; while the locking device mechanism should be placed in an appropriate position. The principles and purpose of the regulations are to prevent wrong power transmission and reverse power transmission (without affecting public safety), and regulate: 1. Private indoor distribution boards do not need to be locked; Lock; the centralized motor control panel can be locked using the switch handle; it cannot be locked if there is a dangerous situation after locking.

Therefore, in order to prevent wrong power transmission, reverse power transmission, etc., the locking device may be dangerous because it cannot be seen visually, so it is required to be locked during maintenance to ensure safety. In view of this, all manufacturers of switches in the world produce related products. Including plug-in type, internal key type and so on. Also in OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Standards), fire laws and regulations, etc., there are mandatory regulations and penalties.

In special places, there are different requirements for switches. For example, in many dangerous places, such as chemical factories, gunpowder depots, gas, liquid factories, military facilities, etc., some electric switches must be required during power transmission. The switch is closed, and the switch is not allowed to be disconnected by mistake or malfunction, which will cause serious losses. For example, the furnace core is melting high-temperature and high-pressure liquid, which will cause unmanageable consequences. Therefore, in some special places, the switch must be locked in the ON state of energization (closed). A device in the (closed) ON state and manufactures another product.

In special places and environments, some special functions are required. For example, in many unmanned computer rooms, the circuit breaker switch is in some circuits. It is necessary to prevent power failure caused by external force misoperation, resulting in losses or even accidents. . But for this circuit, when an accident occurs, whether it is overload, fault current, ground fault, etc., the circuit breaker must be tripped to avoid damage to the equipment or even cause a fire. Therefore, the requirements for the above-mentioned locking device are different from the above two states, one is forced to be locked in the energized (closed, ON) state, and the other is forced to be locked in the power-off state to open and close (OFF), and it must be able to open the circuit when a fault occurs. The device makes a jumping action to isolate the accident.

In many cases in the actual power system, there are many situations where it is necessary to make the two circuit breakers lock each other, that is, the two circuit breakers are interlocked (Interlock), that is, only one of the two circuit breakers is energized, and the two circuit breakers cannot be connected to each other. Only power on at the same time, otherwise it will cause a short circuit accident. In general, most of the above states use automatic transfer switches (also known as ATS), but generally two automatic transfer switches are arranged side by side on the same casing, and the circuit breakers must be of the same specification. In actual situation, lost all flexible application modes, if can use the device that the switch safety lock locking mode of the present invention improves, then can solve long-term above-mentioned inconvenience. However, it must be able to achieve the function of electrical and mechanical locks to meet its safety requirements. And to solve the above-mentioned various situations, there must be requirements for ON, OFF, Trip, etc., and there must be an interlock function.

When the three circuit breakers must be in the locked state, that is, the function of the three circuit breakers interlocking and interlocking Tie, that is, only two of the three circuit breakers are allowed to be closed (ON) at the same time, if the electrical switch of the present invention can be applied The interlocking device can solve the long-standing problem. And because it can be locked mechanically, its absolute reliability can be improved. And by virtue of the state mechanical effect, it can facilitate identification and increase the convenience and safety of use. The present invention also improves, for example, the inconvenient and shortcoming in the Chinese Taiwan patent M318184 patent case of the no-fuse switch locking device patent, which can only lock the tripped position, although it must be able to lock when the power is off during maintenance. The requirements of the locking device, but it cannot be used universally for the functions that must be interlocked in other situations with different functional requirements. The present invention also improves the problem that may be caused by the electrical lock function in the lock lock part in the improved patent of the switch safety interlock mode. Such as power failure and disconnection may cause malfunction or non-operation. In the existing technology, all countries in the world generally use traditional locks for interlocking methods. Different methods require different locks and components, resulting in multiple implementations of safety locks, and there is no actual mechanical lock function to benefit Distinguished, this will lead to an increase in production costs, and increase the burden on product management and the owner's troubles. In the prior art, various countries in the world have produced a kind of lockset for interlocking devices in professional manufacturers, which is commonly called as Kirkey, which is to do the work of locking with the key in the lockset. If there are two locks, only one key is placed on it, and the other lock must have a key. Only when the key is pulled out can it be placed on the other lock, and the key is used for control. In the same way, when there are three locks, two keys are attached, so that the lock function can be achieved through the control of the keys. Although it is versatile, simple in structure, and easy to install, its potential fatal disadvantage is that when the spare key is improperly used to intervene in the control operation, it will cause malfunction and cause industrial safety hazards. The above problems have existed for a long time, and practitioners at home and abroad have been unable to properly solve these problems.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide an interlocking device used in electrical switches, such as circuit breakers and circuit breakers. It is a reliable mechanical interlocking device, especially suitable for short-distance control, avoiding Malfunction or non-operation due to electrical failure. In detail, the main purpose of the present invention is to implement ① mechanical interlock between two circuit breakers, ② mechanical interlock between three circuit breakers to prevent three simultaneous input, ③ between multiple circuit breakers interlock application, and provide ④ a universal mechanical switch safety lock device. The present invention provides a switch lock device with simple structure and convenient installation, which can be used in all directions to solve the above-mentioned various functional requirements, and can prevent the occurrence of misoperation by combining reliable mechanical properties with each other. It can improve the safety performance in the use of electrical equipment.

Technical means to solve the problem:

In order to achieve the above object, the interlocking device of the switch safety lock provided by the present invention includes: a lock; a linkage mechanism that is linked with the lock when it pivots; a braking device that is used to limit or release the linkage. The action of the mechanism; and a transmission device to transmit the braking signal to the braking device; and a housing used to assemble the lock, the linkage mechanism, the braking device, and the transmission device. The interlocking device of the present invention has an auxiliary transmission device, which can be used as a wire control module as a medium to provide a distance transmission function. Preferably, the wire control module has two ends, one end is the stress end, and the other end is the stress end. There is a movable medium inside, or an actuating device with equivalent functions. And there must be a braking mechanism to make the internal lever of the switch safety lock move or not, and then combine with the lock of the switch safety lock body, so that the interlock function can be achieved, and the situation of malfunction can be prevented. The lock is more secure, ensuring compliance with public safety regulations and preventing accidents.

In order to meet the requirements of the mechanical locking function, the locked lock can achieve the locked state of multiple positions. The lock must have special functions and can be transformed in various combinations. For example, the key rotation has three positions or two positions. , can be pulled out or not pulled out at various positions to meet the requirements of various state functions.

In order to meet the requirements of mechanical locking function, it is necessary to manufacture a brake mechanism, one end of the brake mechanism is connected with an auxiliary transmission device such as a wire control module, and at least one (group) switch safety lock is linked to brake. The action state of the mechanism is: when at least one (group) auxiliary transmission device is activated, the braking mechanism is released, so that the gear lever inside the lock can move freely.

In order to achieve the mechanical interlock function between the two circuit breakers, it can be located behind the switch safety lock or at an appropriate position (including inside the switch safety lock). When the auxiliary transmission device such as the wire control module is linked, the gear lever inside the other switch safety lock will not move. In this way, the mutual action between the two switch safety locks can achieve that the two circuit breakers will not be turned on at the same time. Accidents caused by misoperation.

In order to achieve the mechanical interlock function between the three circuit breakers to prevent three simultaneous input, at least two auxiliary transmission devices such as wire control can be placed above the switch safety lock or at a suitable position (including inside the switch safety lock). The modules are linked. The case that can be implemented at this time is to reserve a movable groove above the switch safety lock. , linked to the action of the internal gear lever, to promote the linkage of auxiliary transmission devices such as the remote control module, and to make the gear levers inside the other two switches safety locks move or not, so that at least one of the three switches can be locked. , so that the desired function can be achieved.

As in the above two examples, the requirements of the switch safety lock of the present invention for interlocking conditions can be changed not only in the internal mechanical mechanism of the switch safety lock, but also in the form of a key. An additional auxiliary transmission device and a device as a braking mechanism can be used, combined with the cross bar in the lock and the relative logic function of the position of the braking stud to achieve the interlocking application between multiple circuit breakers.

As mentioned above, in the application of interlocking between multiple circuit breakers, a universally usable interlocking device for switch safety locks can be obtained, and can be applied in most places, using the interlocking device of the present invention The lock device can get the maximum economic benefits and become a standard equipment, which can reduce the troubles in equipment maintenance in the future, and solve the problem that when someone accidentally gets the spare key and operates it with the spare key, it will not Misoperation occurs to avoid accidents or industrial safety incidents caused by misoperation, so as to meet the safety requirements.

In order to solve the existing problems, the present invention not only has novelty and progress, but also considers the problem of marketability in the design process. In addition to the functionality of the solution to market problems, whether it is an appropriate position or can comply with world regulations such as NEC, IEC, JIS, BS, CCC, CNS, etc., as mentioned above, the way and means of this solution can achieve The purpose and functionality can all meet the requirements of various current specifications.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the interlocking device between electrical switches of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operating state of two interlocking devices of the interlocking device between electrical switches of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operating state of another embodiment of the two interlocking devices of the interlocking device between electrical switches of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the operating state of another embodiment of the interlocking device between electrical switches of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the action state of three interlocking devices of the interlocking device among electrical switches of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the inner key of the interlocking device between electrical switches of the present invention in the box body.

In the picture:

Interlock device 10; Body 11; Key 12; Lockset 13;

Locked position 14; Locked position display 15; Normal position 16;

Normal position display 17; Gear bar 18; Bar type opening 19;

Interlocking positioning plate 20; Front fixing seat 21; Rear fixing seat 22; Fixing screw hole 23;

Transmission device 24; Auxiliary transmission device 24A; Brake mechanism 26; Brake stud 27;

Fixed hole 28; Rear fixed hole 29; Box body 30; Fixed plate 31.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the examples given are not intended to limit the present invention.

According to the interlocking device 10 between electrical switch of the present invention, the preferred embodiment of the implemented device, as shown in Figure 1, its locking device is by having a box-shaped body 11, as shown in the figure body 11 The key 12 is inserted into the lock 13 and turned counterclockwise to the locked position 14. At this time, the internal transmission mechanism acts to move the gear lever 18 to the locked position 14, and it is displayed or marked on the locked position display 15, and its normal position display 17 is not displayed. . Otherwise when turning clockwise to the normal position 16, the internal transmission mechanism acts now to make the gear bar 18 move to the normal position 16, and display or mark on the normal position display 17, and now the locked position display 15 does not show. As shown in Figure 1, there is a strip opening 19 on the top of the interlocking device 10, and there is an internal linkage positioning plate 20 in the middle, which can move with the gear rod 18 inside the lock 13, and the front and rear of the linkage positioning plate 20 are all There is a fixed seat, the front fixed seat 21 and the rear fixed seat 22. The fixed seat is fixed on the box-shaped body 11. The fixed seat has a fixed screw hole 23, and an auxiliary transmission device 24 can be placed on it, which can be used as a switch between the switch and the electric appliance. The linkage mechanism of the interlock device 10. Of course, the placement auxiliary transmission device 24 can also be fixed in the rear fixing hole 29 of the main body 11 to achieve the function of interlocking with the interlocking device 10 between other electrical switches. A device brake mechanism 26 can be provided below the body 11, and there is a brake stud 27 inside. When it only interlocks the auxiliary transmission device 24A of the device 10, it can be fixed on this fixing hole 28, and according to the auxiliary transmission device 24A The brake mechanism 26 is controlled by the actuation of the lock, so that the gear lever 18 in the lock 13 is controlled to achieve the function of mechanical locking.

According to the interlocking device 10 between electrical switches of the present invention, the first embodiment implemented is shown in FIG. 2 . The body 11 of the interlocking device 10 has a rear fixing hole 29 , which can be connected with an auxiliary transmission device 24 , and the transmission device 24 is linked to the gear rod 18 inside the lock 13 . When the file lever 18 moves toward the normal position 16, the transmission device 24 also moves, and is linked to the brake mechanism 26 of the interlock device 10, and the brake mechanism 26 moves (as shown in Figure 1 ) to make He only interlocking device 10 internal file lever 18 can't be transmitted and locked in the locked position 14. Like this when he only interlocking device 10 wherein if there is spare key 12 in the lockset 13 also can not act, can reach the function of locking like this. As shown in FIG. 2 , when the interlocking device 10 is at the locked position 14 , the internal gear rod 18 of the lock 13 is in front, and the transmission device 24 linked with the lock 13 is not in action. Simultaneously with the braking mechanism 26 of other interlocking device 10 not actuating, this moment his only interlocking device 10 just can move freely, just can reach the function of complete interlocking, can not produce the phenomenon of misoperation.

According to the second embodiment of the interlocking device 10 between electrical switches of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3 . There is a linkage positioning plate 20 on the top of the body 11 of the interlocking device 10, and the linkage positioning plate 20 is fixedly connected with the internal gear rod 18 of the lockset 13. There is a rear fixing seat 22 on the top of the body 11, and the auxiliary transmission device 24 is placed and fixed. Fixing screw holes 23 on the fixing base 22. When the file lever 18 moves towards the normal position 16, the transmission device 24 also moves, and is linked to the braking mechanism 26 of the interlocking device 10, and the braking mechanism 26 moves (as shown in FIG. 3 ) so that He only interlocking device 10 internal file lever 18 can't be locked in the locking position 14 by transmission action. Like this when he only interlocking device 10 also can not act if spare key 12 is arranged, can reach the function of locking like this. As shown in Fig. 3, when the interlocking device 10 is in the locked position 14, the internal lever 18 of the lock 13 is in the front, and the transmission device 24 linked with the lock 13 does not move, and at the same time, only the braking mechanism of the interlocking device 10 is connected with it. 26 do not move, and now he only interlocking device 10 just can move freely, just can complete the function of sequential logic, and the phenomenon of misoperation can not be produced.

According to the third embodiment implemented by the interlock device 10 between electrical switches of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4 . There is an interlocking positioning plate 20 on the top of the interlocking device 10, and the interlocking positioning plate 20 is linked with the internal gear rod 18 of the lock 13. There is a front fixing seat 21 above the lock 13, and the auxiliary transmission device 24 is placed and fixed on the front fixing seat. The fixing screw hole 23 on 21, when the shift lever 18 moves to the locked position 14, the transmission device 24 also moves, and is linked to the braking mechanism 26 of the other interlocking device 10, and the braking mechanism 26 does not act (as shown in Figure 4), so his only interlocking device 10 just can move freely, just can complete the function of sequential logic, and can not produce the phenomenon of misoperation. As shown in Fig. 4, when the interlocking device 10 is in the normal position 16, the internal lever 18 of the lock 13 is at the rear, and the transmission device 24 linked with the lock 13 does not move, and at the same time, only the braking mechanism of the interlocking device 10 is connected with him. 26 actions, his only interlocking device 10 internal file lever 18 can not be locked in the locked position 14, so when his only interlocking device 10 wherein the lockset 13 if there is a spare key 12 will not act, so can achieve function of the lock.

According to the fourth embodiment implemented by the interlock device 10 between electrical switches of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5 . The implementation of this case is the extended application of the third implementation case. When using three locking functions, there must be two in the auxiliary transmission device 24. Similarly, the brake mechanism 26 below the interlock device 10 must also be controlled by the transmission device 24 of the other two interlock devices 10, so that when the braked interlock device 10, in its brake mechanism 26, As long as he only locks the interlock device 10 to the locked position 14, the function of restricting the movement of the gear lever 18 is released at this time, so that when the three switches are doing the interlock function, three can not be ON at the same time. Effect, and done mechanically. Similarly, the interlocking function of the three interlocking devices 10 can also be achieved by the extended application of the second embodiment, as described above.

According to the interlocking device 10 between electrical switches of the present invention, another preferred implementation example is shown in Figure 6, which is to use the function of the specifications shown in Figure 1 to interact with the braking mechanism 26 and the gear lever 18. The linkage mechanism is placed in the box body 30, and only the fixing plate 31 of the auxiliary transmission device 24 is outside, which is another solution.

In summary, the switch safety lock interlocking device of the present invention can solve the application of various special needs through the internal mechanical structure and the interconnection of the transmission mechanism and the braking mechanism, and the mechanical locking mechanism To solve the accidents that may occur when the locking function is implemented electrically, the present invention is especially suitable for the application of the locking function between switches with a relatively short distance, and has deep industrial practicability. The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or transformations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the claims.

Claims (6)

1. the interlock between a kind of electric switch, which is characterized in that including：

One lockset；

One interlinked mechanism interlocked when being pivoted with the lockset；

One brake apparatus, to limit or discharge the action of the interlinked mechanism；

One transmission device, to transmit brake signal to the brake apparatus；With

One shell sets the lockset, the interlinked mechanism, the brake apparatus and the transmission device to group.

2. the interlock between electric switch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein the shell, which is equipped with, fixes Seat, the transmission device can directly be locked in the shell or the fixed seat corresponding position.

3. the interlock between electric switch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein the interlinked mechanism is a gear Bar, which, which is equipped with, interlocks positioning plate and braking element, pivot to interlock with the lockset and stay in several positions of acquiescence It sets；When the bar stays in default location, the bar bottom end or interlock positioning plate, the conflict transmission device transmit signal to he The brake apparatus of interlock makes that brake apparatus limit or discharge that interlinked mechanism.

4. the interlock between electric switch according to claim 3, which is characterized in that wherein the braking element is one prominent Column, the brake apparatus limit or when discharging the interlinked mechanism, be positioned in the protruded stigma, to limit the action of bar.

5. the interlock between electric switch according to claim 3, which is characterized in that wherein the braking element is a hole Hole, the brake apparatus limit or when discharging the interlinked mechanism, be positioned in the hole, to limit the action of bar.

6. the interlock between electric switch according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wherein the surface of shell is equipped with one Equipment is shown, with the mode of operation of display switch safety lock.