CN108728135B - Coke oven gas quality-divided recycling method - Google Patents
Coke oven gas quality-divided recycling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108728135B CN108728135B CN201810552580.3A CN201810552580A CN108728135B CN 108728135 B CN108728135 B CN 108728135B CN 201810552580 A CN201810552580 A CN 201810552580A CN 108728135 B CN108728135 B CN 108728135B
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- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B49/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated
- C10B49/02—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge
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- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a quality-divided recycling method of coke oven gas, belonging to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection in the coking industry. The coke side coke oven gas recovery system is arranged on the coke side of the coke oven carbonization chamber to recover raw coke gas generated by the coke oven carbonization chamber in the initial coking stage and the final coking stage and send the raw coke gas into the coke oven combustion chamber to be used as fuel for heating the coke oven, the machine side coke oven gas recovery system arranged on the machine side of the coke oven carbonization chamber recovers the raw coke gas generated in the coke oven carbonization chamber in the middle coking stage, and meanwhile, if the machine side coke oven gas recovery system fails or the pressure in the coke oven carbonization chamber exceeds the coking operation capacity in the middle coking stage, the coke side coke oven gas recovery system is adopted to recover the raw coke gas generated in the coke oven carbonization chamber and send the raw coke oven gas to the coke. The coke oven gas quality-based recycling method thoroughly solves the problems of serious raw gas diffusion loss and environmental pollution when a raw gas recycling system has an accident.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to recovery of coke oven gas, belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection of coking industry, and particularly relates to a quality-based recovery and utilization method of coke oven gas.
Background
The coking production of a coke plant is actually a typical energy reprocessing and heat energy recycling process, with coke and coke oven gas being the major energy products. In the coke production process, the blended coal is heated and dry distilled in a coke oven by isolated air, and a large amount of raw coke oven gas is generated while the coke is generated.
Under the pumping action of the gas fan, the raw gas is converged at the top of the carbonization chamber, flows through the ascending pipe, the elbow and the bridge pipe, and is cooled by the sprayed ammonia water to enter a subsequent gas purification system.
For a single coking chamber, the raw coke oven gas generation can be divided into two stages:
first, the coal components decompose to produce primary products when reaching about 500 ℃;
second, the initial product is pyrolyzed to produce the final product.
Zelinsky et al believe that volatiles begin to precipitate and the coal structure begins to break down, which is related to the extent of coalification, and that the temperature at which coking coal begins to decompose is generally around 300 ℃. Strictly speaking, gas and steam begin to appear when the coking chamber is charged with coal, and the flue gas emerging through the coal charging holes mainly consists of water vapor, tar substances and coal dust. Firstly, evaporating moisture from wet coal close to the furnace wall, and finishing the evaporation of the moisture at 105-110 ℃.
In the temperature range of 100-200 ℃, gas volatilized from coal mainly comprises methane, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and water is a main product in the stage, but it is difficult to determine when the adsorbed water is separated out and the pyrolysis water begins to be formed.
When the temperature is higher than 200 ℃, besides the pyrolysis water, decomposition products are generated, firstly, oxides (mainly humic acid) are decomposed, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are separated out, and the oxides are converted into higher phenol. This process is generally carried out at 205-350 ℃ (about 400 ℃ for coking coal) and 5-10% of gas (determined by the properties of the coal as fired) is precipitated.
When the temperature rises, the coal substance continues to decompose, the coking process enters a period (plastic stage) of separating primary products (mainly primary tar), the period is ended at the temperature of 500-550 ℃, and the coal begins to form semicoke through the plastic state. During the process, 40-50% of coke oven gas is generated, and the components of the coke oven gas are characterized by high methane content (less than or equal to 60%) and low hydrogen content (less than or equal to 20%).
When the coal is heated from 500 ℃ to 800 ℃, the coal gas rich in hydrogen is uniformly separated, and the volume of the hydrogen reaches 45%. The primary tar is decomposed and produces relatively low levels of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons such as ethane, ethylene and acetylene. Unsaturated hydrocarbons close to form hexagonal rings and produce aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene by dehydrogenation.
The temperature of 700 to 800 ℃ is the most suitable temperature range for producing the most valuable aromatic hydrocarbon.
When the temperature is higher than 700 ℃, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (naphthalene, anthracene) begins to be generated, the quantity of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon increases along with the increase of the temperature, the quantity of hydrogen also increases, the generated aromatic hydrocarbon, firstly, a compound with a side chain begins to be decomposed and reduced, oxygen-containing compounds continue to be decomposed, higher phenol generates lower phenol, and the lower phenol is further decomposed into carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and lower hydrocarbon. A large amount of water is also produced from the oxygenate. Ammonia begins to decompose into elements; the nitrogen combines with carbon and hydrogen to form hydrogen cyanide. Hydrogen sulfide is generated mainly from the sulfur-containing compounds.
The temperature higher than 800 ℃ is characterized in that: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (naphthalene, anthracene) increase and graphite starts to be produced; the lowest hydrocarbons begin to decompose gradually into elements. Ethylene forms acetylene, hydrogen and methane at 800-900 ℃, while methane decomposes to carbon and hydrogen at temperatures above 1000 ℃.
The gas and steam mixture in the coking chamber and the oven top space is subjected to secondary changes, becoming coke oven raw gas, the quantity and composition of which change over the coking time.
In summary, the coking process can be divided into three phases:
firstly, the time (60 percent of coking time) from the connection of a coking chamber and a gas collecting pipe to the convergence of a plastic layer is generated, and about 60 percent of raw coke oven gas, 80 to 90 percent of heavy hydrocarbon, 70 percent of methane and 55 percent of hydrogen are generated;
second from the confluence of the plastic layer until the evolution of gas disappears (25% coking time), continuing to produce 30% gas, with hydrogen at the most, and at the end of this phase the overall recovery of methane increases to about 97%, while the production of heavy hydrocarbons is not much or completely finished;
finally, by the time the header is cut off from the coking chamber (15% coking time), about 12% hydrogen and 3% methane are also produced.
Intense evolution of gas due to high temperature of the walls of the chamber was observed almost immediately when the chamber was charged with coal. During the first two hours, the furnace walls expend more heat than is received from the heating flame, and the furnace wall temperature drops, causing coal decomposition and gas evolution to slow. The furnace wall temperature is then equilibrated and the decomposition is carried out at approximately constant rate. And (3) observing that coal gas precipitation is enhanced after tar seams are generated on the central line of the coke cake at the temperature of 450-500 ℃ until the temperature reaches the maximum value at 800-900 ℃.
When the combustion heat of the raw coke oven gas is examined to change in the coking process, the combustion heat of the gas is found to be different when the coal is coked at different heating flame path temperatures. The heat of combustion is high in the first hours, because the furnace wall temperature is low and the decomposition degree of heavy hydrocarbons caused by the high methane content is not large. The higher the furnace wall temperature, the greater the decomposition of the high combustion hot gas. As the plastic layer moves towards the middle of the coal, the residence time in the reaction space between the plastic layer and the furnace wall is prolonged and the combustion heat is correspondingly reduced.
After the tar seam is formed, the heat of combustion of the gas begins to increase again, which is caused primarily by the increased methane and benzene content of the gas. After reaching the maximum, the reduction in the heat of combustion of the raw gas is quite intense, but the hydrogen content and the carbon monoxide content increase, as the high-combustion components continue to be lost again. The hydrogen and methane content in the raw gas have a corresponding relationship in the whole coking process.
The raw gas density varies with the advancement of the coking process relative to the heavy hydrocarbon and methane content, and is greatly reduced in the later stages of coking due to the increased nitrogen content.
Therefore, the compositions of the raw coke oven gas and the like are different in different coking time of the coal as fired; alternatively, the properties of the raw coke gas are a function of coking time.
The Yang Dongwei and the like research the temperature change rule of the raw coke oven gas, in a coking period, the temperature of the raw coke oven gas is increased and then decreased, and the flow of the raw coke oven gas is reduced along with the progress of the coking process. Meanwhile, Zelinsky and the like think that gas volatilized from coal at the temperature of 100-200 ℃ mainly consists of methane, carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and water is a main product at the stage. Therefore, in different coking periods, the temperature and the composition properties of the raw gas are different, and different effects can be produced when the gases are classified and recycled according to different properties.
However, the existing recovery of the crude gas in the ascending pipe of the coke oven has the following problems:
1. the existing coke oven gas recovery system directly pumps raw coke oven gas into a gas purification system, and can not well recycle the waste heat of the raw coke oven gas;
2. the existing coke oven gas recovery system directly leads the moisture in the raw coke oven gas to enter a gas purification system along with the gas, and finally the form of coking residual ammonia water is expressed, so that the subsequent treatment difficulty and cost are increased;
3. the existing coke oven gas recovery process needs to ensure that a coking chamber is slightly positive pressure, so that the phenomena of smoke and fire of a coke oven occur at the initial coking stage, and the environment is seriously polluted;
4. the existing coke oven matching system can not effectively and thoroughly solve the problems of serious crude gas diffusion loss and environmental pollution when an accident happens to the crude gas recovery system.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a coke oven gas quality-based recycling method which can efficiently recycle the coke oven raw gas and is more environment-friendly.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a method for recycling coke oven gas according to different quality, which is carried out in a coke oven carbonization chamber and a coke oven combustion chamber of a coke oven, wherein a coke side coke oven gas recycling system is arranged at the coke side of the coke oven carbonization chamber to recycle raw coke gas generated by the coke oven carbonization chamber at the initial coking stage and the final coking stage and send the raw coke gas into the coke oven combustion chamber to be used as fuel for heating the coke oven, and a machine side coke oven gas recycling system arranged at the coke oven carbonization chamber side recycles the raw coke gas generated in the coke oven carbonization chamber at the middle coking stage.
Further, the coking initial stage is 1-2.5 hours of coking coal coking after the coke oven carbonization chamber is filled with coal, and gases generated by the coke oven carbonization chamber during the coking process mainly comprise water, methane, carbon dioxide and the like.
And furthermore, at the end of coking, the coking time is 1-2.5 hours before coking coal is finished, and gases such as acetylene, hydrogen or methane are mainly generated in the coking of the coke oven coking chamber at the stage.
The coking period is the coking middle period after the coking initial period and the coking final period are removed.
Furthermore, the internal pressure of the coke oven carbonization chamber is controlled to be-3 to 3Pa in the initial coking stage and the final coking stage, so that the phenomena of smoke and fire of the coke oven are avoided as much as possible.
Furthermore, in the middle stage of coking, if the coke oven gas recovery system on the coke oven side fails or the pressure in the coke oven coking chamber exceeds the coking operation capacity, the coke oven gas recovery system on the coke oven side is adopted to recover the raw coke gas generated in the coke oven coking chamber and send the raw coke gas to the coke oven combustion chamber, so that the flexibility of the coke oven gas quality-based recycling method for sudden accidents is realized.
And the coke side coke oven gas recovery system comprises a water seal valve, one end of the water seal valve is connected with the coke side ascending pipe, the other end of the water seal valve is connected with two gas pipelines, one gas pipeline is connected with a coke side gas collecting pipe used for conveying raw coke gas to a coke oven combustion chamber, and the other gas pipeline is connected with a diffusion ignition device.
And the water seal valve is a U-shaped pipeline, a water seal valve water inlet pipe, a water injection valve, a water seal valve return pipe, a water seal valve overflow pipe and a dredging valve are arranged on the U-shaped pipeline, and a water level regulating valve is arranged in the U-shaped pipeline, wherein when the U-shaped pipeline is filled with water, a gas passage between the coke oven carbonization chamber and the coke side coke oven gas recovery system can be cut off, and the water level in the U-shaped pipeline can be regulated by regulating the water level regulating valve to control the gas flux between the coke oven carbonization chamber and the coke side coke oven gas recovery system, so that the pressure in the coke oven carbonization chamber can be controlled, and the phenomena of smoke and fire of the coke oven can be avoided as much as possible.
Furthermore, a coke side automatic regulating valve is arranged on a gas pipeline connected with the water seal valve and the coke side gas collecting pipe; and a gas pipeline connected with the water seal valve and the diffusion ignition device is provided with a diffusion automatic regulating valve, and an automatic igniter is arranged in the diffusion ignition device.
And furthermore, a temperature controller and a heat-resistant exhaust fan are also arranged on a gas pipeline connecting the coke side gas collecting pipe and the coke oven combustion chamber, and the temperature of the raw coke oven gas entering the coke oven combustion chamber is controlled by the temperature controller to be less than or equal to 300 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature controller is a heat exchanger or a spray cooling type device. And further, when the temperature of the raw coke oven gas entering the combustion chamber of the coke oven exceeds 300 ℃, fully opening the water level regulating valve, and opening a water injection valve of the water seal valve to spray water to the raw coke oven gas for cooling.
The principle of the coke oven gas quality-based recycling method of the invention is as follows:
in the initial stage and the later stage of coking of the coking coal, the coking coal is usually combustible gas generated in the coking chamber of the coke oven, which is different from the conventional method of pumping the part of the combustible gas into the side coke oven gas recovery system, the coke side coke oven gas recovery system is preferably arranged on the coke side of the coking chamber of the coke oven, and a coke side gas collecting pipe of the coke side coke oven gas recovery system is communicated with the combustion chamber of the coke oven, so that on one hand, the recovery and the utilization of the raw coke gas are realized, on the other hand, the moisture in the raw coke gas is prevented from entering the gas purification system along with the raw coke gas, and the difficulty and the cost of wastewater; in addition, the coke side coke oven gas recovery system comprises a U-shaped water seal valve, and the U-shaped water seal valve not only can play a role in cutting off a gas passage between the coke oven carbonization chamber and the coke side coke oven gas recovery system, but also can reduce the temperature of raw coke oven gas entering the coke oven combustion chamber to a certain extent.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly embodied in the following aspects:
(1) according to the coke oven gas quality-based recycling method, moisture in the coking coal is pumped into the coke side gas collecting pipe in the coking initial stage and finally enters the coke oven combustion chamber along with the raw coke gas, so that on one hand, the waste heat in the raw coke gas is fully utilized, on the other hand, the moisture is prevented from entering the gas purification system along with the raw coke gas, the coking wastewater generation amount is reduced by more than 60%, and the wastewater treatment cost is greatly reduced;
(2) according to the coke oven gas quality-based recycling method, in the initial coking stage and the later coking stage, dust in raw coke oven gas generated in the coking chamber is also sent into the coke oven combustion chamber to serve as supplementary fuel, the amount of coal powder entering tar is reduced, the quality of the tar is improved, and the probability of pipeline blockage in the system is reduced;
(3) according to the coke oven gas quality-based recycling method, the water seal valve can control the internal pressure of the carbonization chamber to be micro-positive pressure by adjusting the water level, so that the probability of smoke or fire in the carbonization chamber is reduced; when an accident happens in the carbonization chamber, the automatic ignition device avoids the pollution to the environment caused by the whole emission of the raw gas, and greatly improves the quality of the atmospheric environment of the coking plant area;
(4) the coke oven gas quality-divided recycling method improves the production stability of the coke oven, when the coke oven gas recycling system on the machine side fails, the coke oven gas can be recycled in time through the coke oven gas recycling system on the machine side, when the coke oven gas recycling system on the machine side fails, the coke oven gas can be recycled in time through the machine side, and the two systems can be mutually standby.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coke oven gas quality-divided recovery system of the present invention;
the parts in fig. 1 are numbered as follows:
a coke oven carbonization chamber 1 (wherein, a coal charging hole 1.1);
a coke side coke oven gas recovery system 2 (wherein, a coke side ascending pipe 2.1 (wherein, a coke side ascending pipe cover 2.11), a water seal valve 2.2 (wherein, a water seal valve water inlet pipe 2.21, a water injection valve 2.22, a water level regulating valve 2.23, a water seal valve return pipe 2.24, a water seal valve overflow pipe 2.25, a dredging valve 2.26), a coke side automatic regulating valve 2.3, a coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4, a diffusion automatic regulating valve 2.5 and a diffusion ignition device 2.6 (wherein, an automatic igniter 2.61)); a machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3 (wherein, the machine side ascending pipe 3.1, the machine side ascending pipe cover 3.11, the elbow and bridge pipe 3.2, the pi-shaped pipe 3.3, the machine side manual regulating valve 3.4, the machine side automatic regulating valve 3.5, the machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6, the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7, the ammonia water pipe 3.8 and the tar box 3.9).
Detailed Description
Each coke oven comprises a plurality of coke oven carbonization chambers and coke oven combustion chambers, wherein the coke oven carbonization chambers and the coke oven combustion chambers are distributed in a staggered manner, so that a coke oven combustion chamber is arranged between every two adjacent coke oven carbonization chambers; and each coke oven carbonization chamber is provided with a coke side coke oven gas recovery system and a machine side coke oven gas recovery system.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment discloses a coke oven gas quality-divided recycling system, which comprises a coke oven carbonization chamber 1, a coke side coke oven gas recycling system 2 and a machine side coke oven gas recycling system 3, wherein the coke side coke oven gas recycling system 2 is arranged at the coke side, and the machine side coke oven gas recycling system 3 is arranged at the machine side; the top end of the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is provided with a plurality of coal charging holes 1.1 for adding coking coal into the coke oven carbonization chamber 1, the coke side coke oven gas recovery system 2 comprises a coke side ascending pipe 2.1 which is communicated with the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 (the coke side ascending pipe 2.1 is also provided with a coke side ascending pipe cover 2.11 which can be opened for releasing gas in order to avoid explosion in the coke oven in case of sudden accidents), a water seal valve 2.2 connected with the coke side ascending pipe 2.1, the gas outlet end of the water seal valve 2.2 is connected with two gas pipelines, one gas pipeline is connected with a coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4 through a coke side automatic regulating valve 2.3, the other gas pipeline is sequentially connected with a release automatic regulating valve 2.5 and a release ignition device 2.6 (an automatic igniter 2.61 is arranged in the release ignition device 2.6), the coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4 is also connected with the coke oven combustion chamber, a gas pipeline (a temperature control type spray temperature reducing heat exchanger or a spray type temperature reducing type device is arranged on the coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4 connected with the coke oven combustion chamber, preferably an indirect heat exchanger) and a coke-side heat-resistant blower.
Referring to fig. 1 again, the water-sealed valve 2.2 is a U-shaped pipeline, a water-sealed valve water inlet pipe 2.21, a water injection valve 2.22 for injecting water into the U-shaped pipeline, a water-sealed valve return pipe 2.24, a water-sealed valve overflow pipe 2.25 and a dredging valve 2.26 are arranged on the U-shaped pipeline, a water level adjusting valve 2.23 is arranged in the U-shaped pipeline, the water injection valve 2.22 is opened to fill water into the U-shaped pipeline of the water-sealed valve 2.2, and when the U-shaped pipeline is filled, a gas passage between the coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4 and the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 can be cut off; when the accumulated water in the U-shaped pipeline needs to be adjusted in water level to control the pressure in the coke oven carbonization chamber 1, the water level can be directly adjusted by the water level adjusting valve 2.23. In addition, the overflow pipe 2.25 of the water seal valve and the return pipe 2.24 of the water seal valve can keep pipeline communication, and the dredging valve 2.26 can play a role in dredging when the U-shaped pipeline is blocked by dust.
Meanwhile, the machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3 is an existing crude gas recovery system, and comprises a machine side ascending pipe 3.1 (a machine side ascending pipe cover 3.11 is further arranged on the machine side ascending pipe 3.1), an elbow and bridge pipe 3.2, a pi-shaped pipe 3.3, a machine side manual regulating valve 3.4, a machine side automatic regulating valve 3.5, a machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6, a machine side gas suction pipe 3.7, an ammonia pipe 3.8 and a tar box 3.9, wherein the machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6 is further connected with the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7 through the pi-shaped pipe 3.3, the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7 is connected with a gas purification system, the pi-shaped pipe 3.3 is provided with the machine side manual regulating valve 3.4 and the machine side automatic regulating valve 3.5, and the process of absorbing crude gas by the specific coke oven machine side gas recovery system is as: the raw gas entering the elbow and the bridge pipe 3.2 is cooled by ammonia water sprayed along an ammonia water pipe 3.8, so that the temperature of the raw gas is reduced to 70-80 ℃, the cooled raw gas enters a machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6, tar in the raw gas enters a tar box 3.9, gas in the raw gas enters a machine side gas suction pipe 3.7 along a pi-shaped pipe 3.3 and is discharged outside, liquid in the raw gas also enters the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7 after flowing through the tar box 3.9, and wastewater is treated by a subsequent gas purification system. The mode of recovering the crude gas by adopting the machine side coke oven gas recovery system can generate a large amount of industrial wastewater, thereby not only increasing the treatment difficulty, but also increasing the treatment cost.
In order to better realize the functions of the recycling system, the following explanation is made with reference to a specific recycling method and specific examples.
Among them, in this example, a coke oven of 2X 6 m in a coke plant is preferable, and the amount of gas in the coke oven gas recovery system is about 55000Nm3And h, the coking time is 18-20 hours, and the flue gas recovery unilateral gas collecting pipe is arranged on the machine side.
A method for recycling coke oven gas according to quality comprises the following steps:
1) at the initial stage of coking: closing a coal charging hole 1.1 on a coke oven carbonization chamber 1, starting coking in the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 to coking for 1-2.5 h (preferably 1h in the embodiment), closing an internal channel of a machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3, and opening an internal channel of a coke side coke oven gas recovery system 2, wherein the specific operation process comprises the steps of firstly adjusting a water level regulating valve 2.23 of a water seal valve 2.2, emptying cooling water in the water seal valve 2.2, then opening a coke side automatic regulating valve 2.3 and enabling a diffusion automatic regulating valve 2.5 to be in a closed state, so that the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is internally communicated with a coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4, and starting a coke side heat-resistant fan (variable frequency speed control and maximum air volume) on the coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4Is 10 ten thousand meters3The raw gas generated in the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is extracted, the temperature of the raw gas entering the coke oven combustion chamber is controlled to be less than or equal to 300 ℃ by adopting the indirect heat exchanger, and the raw gas enters the coke oven combustion chamber to be used as a supplementary fuel, so that on one hand, the raw gas (combustible gas or coal powder in the raw gas) is recycled, and the energy waste in the raw gas is avoided; the amount of the coal dust entering the tar is reduced, the quality of the tar is improved, the probability of blocking the internal pipeline of the system is reduced, the situation that water enters a coal gas purification system along with raw coal gas is avoided, and the difficulty and the cost of wastewater treatment are reduced;
in addition, in order to avoid the phenomenon of smoke or fire when the pressure in the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is too high, the water level regulating valve 2.23 of the water seal valve 2.2 is regulated to regulate the water level of accumulated water in the water seal valve 2.2 so as to ensure that the pressure in the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is-3 Pa.
2) In the middle stage of coking: closing an internal channel of the coke side coke oven gas recovery system 2, and opening an internal channel of the machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3, wherein the specific operation process comprises the steps of closing the coke side automatic regulating valve 2.23, opening a water injection valve 2.22 on a water seal valve 2.2 to enable the interior of a U-shaped pipe of the water seal valve 2.2 to be filled with water, and cutting off the coke side gas channel; opening a regulating valve on an ammonia water pipe 3.8, spraying circulating ammonia water into the elbow and a bridge pipe 3.2 to cool the crude gas, opening a machine side manual regulating valve 3.4 and a machine side automatic regulating valve 3.5 to ensure that a machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6 is communicated with the interior of a machine side gas suction pipe 3.7, starting a machine side exhaust fan arranged on the machine side gas suction pipe 3.7, pumping the cooled crude gas in the machine side gas collecting pipe 3.6 into a gas purification system, and continuing the process until 1-2.5 h before the end of a coking period (preferably, continuing to 2.5h before the end of the coking period).
3) In the later stage of coking: repeating the operation of the step 1) 1-2.5 h before the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 finishes coking (the embodiment preferably lasts for 2.5h before the coking period finishes):
closing an internal channel of the coke side coke oven gas recovery system 3, opening the internal channel of the coke side coke oven gas recovery system 2, and specifically closing an adjusting valve on an ammonia water pipe 3.8, and closing a machine side manual adjusting valve 3.4 and a machine side automatic adjusting valve 3.5 in the operation process; meanwhile, a water level regulating valve 2.23 of a water seal valve 2.2 is regulated to regulate the water level of accumulated water in the water seal valve 2.2 so as to ensure that the pressure in a coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is-3 to 3Pa, then a coke side automatic regulating valve 2.3 is opened and an automatic bleeding valve 2.5 is in a closed state, so that the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is communicated with a coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4, a coke side heat-resistant fan on the coke side gas collecting pipe 2.4 is started to pump out raw coke gas generated in the coke oven carbonization chamber 1, the temperature of the raw coke gas entering a coke oven combustion chamber is controlled to be less than or equal to 300 ℃ by adopting the indirect heat exchanger, and the raw coke gas is used as a supplementary fuel in the coke oven combustion chamber until the coking of a coke oven is finished.
After the coke oven is finished, the coke side automatic regulating valve 2.3 is closed, the water level regulating valve 2.23 of the water seal valve 2.2 is closed, the water injection valve 2.22 of the water seal valve 2.2 is opened to fill the U-shaped pipeline of the water seal valve 2.2 with water, the coke side gas channel is cut off, and then the coal charging hole 1.1 on the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is opened.
In order to better cope with sudden accidents, in the middle stage of coking, if the coke oven gas recovery system 3 on the coke oven side fails, the internal channel of the coke oven gas recovery system 3 on the coke oven side is closed, the internal channel of the coke oven gas recovery system 2 on the coke side is opened, the operation of the step 1) or the step 3) is repeated, and the raw coke gas generated in the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is extracted and sent to the coke oven combustion chamber to be used as supplementary fuel.
If the time that the machine side coke oven gas recovery system 3 has a fault is long, even if accumulated water in the water seal valve 2.2 is completely drained, the coke side heat-resistant fan can not completely pump out raw coke gas generated in the coke oven carbonization chamber 1, so that the pressure in the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 exceeds the coking operation range, if the pressure in the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 reaches 160Pa, the coke side automatic regulating valve 2.3 corresponding to the coke oven carbonization chamber 1 is closed, the diffusion automatic regulating valve 2.5 is opened, the raw coke gas is ignited and combusted through the automatic igniter 2.61 in the automatic diffusion ignition device 2.6 and then is discharged, the pollution to the environment caused by the complete diffusion of the raw coke gas is avoided, and the atmospheric environment quality of a coking plant area is greatly improved.
The above examples are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention has other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The quality-divided recycling method of the coke oven gas is carried out in a coke oven carbonization chamber (1) and a coke oven combustion chamber of a coke oven, and is characterized in that: a coke side coke oven gas recovery system (2) is arranged at the coke side of the coke oven carbonization chamber (1) and is used for recovering raw coke gas generated by the coke oven carbonization chamber (1) in the initial coking stage and the final coking stage and sending the raw coke gas into a coke oven combustion chamber to be used as coke oven fuel, and a machine side coke oven gas recovery system (3) arranged at the coke oven carbonization chamber (1) side recovers the raw coke gas generated in the coke oven carbonization chamber (1) in the middle coking stage;
the coking initial stage is 1-2.5 hours after the coking coal is charged into the coking chamber (1) of the coke oven;
the coking end stage is 1-2.5 hours before coking coal is coked; the coking period is the coking middle period after the coking initial period and the coking final period are removed.
2. The coke oven gas quality-divided recycling method of claim 1, which is characterized in that: controlling the internal pressure of the coke oven carbonization chamber (1) to be-3 to 3Pa at the initial stage and the final stage of coking.
3. The coke oven gas quality-divided recycling method of claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that: in the middle stage of coking, if the coke oven gas recovery system (3) on the coke oven side fails or the pressure in the coke oven carbonization chamber (1) exceeds the coking operation capacity, the coke oven gas recovery system (2) on the coke oven side is adopted to recover the raw coke oven gas generated in the coke oven carbonization chamber (1) and send the raw coke oven gas to the coke oven combustion chamber.
4. The coke oven gas quality-divided recycling method of claim 3, which is characterized in that: the coke side coke oven gas recovery system (2) comprises a water seal valve (2.2) with one end used for being connected with a coke side ascending pipe (1.1), the other end of the water seal valve (2.2) is connected with two gas pipelines, one gas pipeline is connected with a coke side gas collecting pipe (2.4) used for conveying crude gas to a coke oven combustion chamber, and the other gas pipeline is connected with a diffusion ignition device (2.6).
5. The coke oven gas quality-divided recycling method of claim 4, which is characterized in that: the water seal valve (2.2) is a U-shaped pipeline, and a water level regulating valve (2.23) is arranged in the U-shaped pipeline.
6. The coke oven gas quality-divided recycling method of claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that: a coke side automatic regulating valve (2.3) is arranged on a gas pipeline connected with the water seal valve (2.2) and the coke side gas collecting pipe (2.4);
the gas pipeline that water seal valve (2.2) and diffuse ignition device (2.6) are connected is equipped with diffuse automatically regulated valve (2.5), be equipped with automatic fire lighter (2.61) in the diffuse ignition device (2.6).
7. The coke oven gas quality-divided recycling method of claim 6, which is characterized in that: a gas pipeline for connecting the coke side gas collecting pipe (2.4) with the combustion chamber of the coke oven is also provided with a temperature controller and a heat-resistant exhaust fan, and the temperature of the raw coke gas entering the combustion chamber of the coke oven is controlled by the temperature controller to be less than or equal to 300 ℃.
8. The coke oven gas quality-divided recycling method of claim 5, which is characterized in that: when the temperature of the raw gas exceeds 300 ℃, the water level regulating valve (2.23) is fully opened, and a water injection valve (2.22) of the water seal valve (2.2) is opened to spray water to the raw gas for cooling.
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| CN112920817A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-06-08 | 常州江南冶金科技有限公司 | Automatic control system and control method for raw coke oven gas sensible heat recovery in ascending pipe of coke oven |
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