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CN108718747A - North America Oak Tree method for culturing seedlings - Google Patents

North America Oak Tree method for culturing seedlings Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108718747A
CN108718747A CN201810505252.8A CN201810505252A CN108718747A CN 108718747 A CN108718747 A CN 108718747A CN 201810505252 A CN201810505252 A CN 201810505252A CN 108718747 A CN108718747 A CN 108718747A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
stock
north america
grafting
tree
oak tree
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201810505252.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
何慎
李恂
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Chenzhou Forestry Science Research Institute
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Chenzhou Forestry Science Research Institute
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Application filed by Chenzhou Forestry Science Research Institute filed Critical Chenzhou Forestry Science Research Institute
Priority to CN201810505252.8A priority Critical patent/CN108718747A/en
Publication of CN108718747A publication Critical patent/CN108718747A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of North America Oak Tree method for culturing seedlings, include the following steps:A. stock is done with the one year seedling of the local Quercus acutissima tree cultivating seeds in Hunan south area, North America Oak Tree hat middle and upper part fringe bar is grafted on stock;B. second year same time does stock with the one year seedling of cork oak tree cultivating seeds, and the North America Oak Tree grafting on Quercus acutissima tree stock is grafted onto on cork oak stock.The nursery stock prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, with 1.8% avermectin 25ml, 40% chlopyrifos 20ml, 70% thiophanate-methyl 30g, water 15kg mixings spray hat, it is preced with every 7-10 days time, then with 2.5% decis 20ml, 40% propargite 20ml, 80% Mancozeb 20g, the spray of water 15kg mixings.Method using the present invention overcomes the defect of the prior art completely, can cultivate the low North America Oak Tree nursery stock being suitble in China's such as Hunan south area plantation of cost healthy and strong, that survival rate is high.

Description

North America Oak Tree method for culturing seedlings
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of North America Oak Tree method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
North America Oak Tree(Yellow jacket tree)It is a kind of extensive North America seeds of plantation, has economic value because its timber is good, and because Its autumn that magnificent magnificent a piece of orange red scenery and have ornamental value.North America Oak Tree is mainly produced in the U.S..Oak Tree has very for North America Strong adaptability, it is cold-resistant, barren-resistant, water-fast wet, and also extensive management, growth is rapid, contamination resistance is strong.North America Oak Tree material Excellent, rubber fruit is full of nutrition, and economic value is very high;Its tree-like tall and big grandness, Xia Yin is dark green, and Forming Autumn-color Leaf is in riotous profusion colorful, can isolated planting, In lawn space, landscape effect protrudes, and is widely used as shade tree, shade tree, Ecological Afforestation and plant show belonging to a category for group planting or mass-planting Show.Now, China starts to introduce a fine variety North America Oak Tree, the kind introduced a fine variety mainly have Quercus rubraL, scarlet oak, Na tower oak, the raw chestnut oak in natural pond, Q phellosL etc..
China is during introducing a fine variety North America Oak Tree, since North America Oak Tree vegetative propagation difficulty is larger, current major part kind It can only be bred by import seed.And North America Oak Tree seed price is expensive, leads to seedling cost virtual height, inhibits to a certain extent The development of North America Oak Tree plantation.
Those skilled in the art had once carried out the experiment of some time, attempted to use North America Oak Tree this anvil engrafting and cultivating kind Seedling although seedling can be cultivated, but needs to use North America Oak Tree as stock, and seedling cost is still very high.Whether North America Oak Tree seed seedling-raising or North America Oak Tree this anvil graft seedling growth, single plant seedling cost is all at 4.5 yuan or more.
In order to reduce seedling cost, applicant organizational technology personnel carry out research of technique for many years, once attempt using local 10 Remaining kind of common Fagaceae carries out engrafting and cultivating as stock, but effect is all undesirable, and survival rate is still very low, survival rate 20-50% etc..In addition, in seedling raising process, it is found that the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of North America Oak Tree seedling is also an influence survival rate Key factor is such as sprayed in adult full incidence period with 90% metrifonate, 1000 times of liquid using common medicament and method sprinkling prevention, Effect is undesirable.
How to find that a kind of survival rate is high, North America Oak Tree method for culturing seedlings at low cost, is that those skilled in the art are thirsty Hope the technical issues of solving.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of survival rate height, North America Oak Tree method for culturing seedlings at low cost.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, North America Oak Tree method for culturing seedlings of the invention includes the following steps:
A. stock is done with the one year seedling of the local Quercus acutissima tree cultivating seeds in Hunan south area, by the hat middle and upper part fringe bar grafting of North America Oak Tree In on stock;
B. second year same time does stock with the one year seedling of cork oak tree cultivating seeds, by the North America on Quercus acutissima tree stock Oak Tree grafting is grafted onto on cork oak stock.
The nursery stock prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, with 1.8% avermectin 25ml, 40% chlopyrifos 20ml, 70% thiophanate-methyl 30g, water 15kg mixings spray hat, every 7-10 days time, then with 2.5% decis 20ml, 40% propargite 20ml, 80% Mancozeb 20g, Water 15kg mixings spray hat.
Second year grafting time and method are identical as First Year grafting time and method.
Method using the present invention does stock, by North America with the one year seedling of the local Quercus acutissima tree cultivating seeds in Hunan south area Oak Tree hat middle and upper part fringe bar grafts on stock, second year same time, then is done with the one year seedling of cork oak tree cultivating seeds North America Oak Tree grafting on Quercus acutissima tree stock is grafted onto on cork oak stock by stock, to five kind North America rubbers of introduction Tree carries out Grafting Experiment, and the grafting storage rate cultivated can averagely reach 92.1%, one year seedling mean height 1.2m, Ground diameter 0.8cm, nursery stock are healthy and strong.
Nursery stock is sprayed with 1.8% avermectin 25ml, 40% chlopyrifos 20ml, 70% thiophanate-methyl 30g, water 15kg mixings Hat, every 7-10 days time, then with 2.5% decis 20ml, 40% propargite 20ml, 80% Mancozeb 20g, water 15kg mixings Spray hat.Annual secondary dispenser, mid-April first time-mid-May, second of mid-August-mid-September;Second year is same.Pass through The nursery stock for preventing pest and disease damage from handling in this way, health, no disease and pests harm, plantation survival rate are high.Prevent pest and disease damage method from handling without this, There is certain influence to plant percent.
The grafting storage rate of method using the present invention, five kind North Americas used Oak Tree Grafting Experiment is as follows:The north Red oak grafts strain number 152, survives strain number 151, survival rate 99.3%;Scarlet oak grafts strain number 161, survives strain number 158, survive Rate 98.1%;Na tower oak grafts strain number 184, survives strain number 140, survival rate 76.1%;The raw chestnut oak in natural pond grafts strain number 171, survives Strain number 161, survival rate 94.2%;Q phellosL grafts strain number 42, survives strain number 39, survival rate 92.9%.
Method using the present invention cultivates North America Oak Tree nursery stock, greatly reduces cost, and through experiment, single plant seedling cost is only It is 0.85 yuan.
Method using the present invention overcomes the defect of the prior art completely, can cultivate that healthy and strong, survival rate is high It is suitble to, in the North America Oak Tree nursery stock of China's such as Hunan south area plantation, realize the purpose of the present invention.
Preferably, the preparation of the fringe bar of the North America Oak Tree, with before March 10, other regional North America Oak Tree bud mouths still Subject to not sprouting, the full fringe bar of tree crown middle and upper part bud eye is acquired in time.By comparing experiment, the fringe bar of this period is found It is advantageous in improve graft survival rate.If acquired before March 5, effect is more preferable.More than the fringe bar of this period acquisition, transfer Motility rate is connected into be substantially reduced.
Preferably, step a grafting times are March 10 mid-February-;It is 15-30 DEG C to graft temperature, and weather is fine day Or the cloudy day.By comparing experiment, it is found that this grafting condition is advantageous in raising graft survival rate;More than this range, grafting Survival rate is substantially reduced.
It is further preferred that step a grafting times are March 5 late Febuary-.
It is further preferred that grafting temperature is 20 DEG C, weather is fine day.
As preferred grafting means, when grafting, first stock is smoothly located to cut with bark near the ground, in stock section side Then the scion for retaining 1-2 full buds being whittled into is inserted into stock by the long 3-5cm of incision, be directed at both sides' forming layer, tight to bind With bury native moisturizing, the exposed 1-2 buds of scion.
For the best fit of fringe bar acquisition and grafting time, preferably, before grafting, with the fresh river of water content 60% Sand carries out moisturizing storage to the fringe bar of acquisition, and the time is no more than 7 days.Certainly, grafting is best on the day of same day acquisition fringe bar.
The follow-up work of grafting, it is the important means for ensureing plant percent to touch bud.Preferably, being touched in time after grafting Bud is touched bud number and is no less than 4 times.Otherwise it will inhibit grafting growth, or even dead.
Preferably, 60 days or so after grafting unbind to grafting in time.Otherwise easily cause grafting from graft union It fractures.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail With reference to embodiment:
The North America Oak Tree method for culturing seedlings of the present invention includes the following steps:
A. stock is done with the one year seedling of the local Quercus acutissima tree cultivating seeds in Hunan south area, by the hat middle and upper part fringe bar grafting of North America Oak Tree In on stock:The annual Quercus acutissima seedling for being first ready to cultivate does stock;Be ready for North America Oak Tree fringe bar, with before March 10, Subject to other regional North America Oak Tree bud mouths are not yet sprouted, the full fringe bar of tree crown middle and upper part bud eye is acquired in time;Acquire branch side Just, preferably with adopt with, in the case of acquiring branch inconvenience, stored with the fresh river sand moisturizing of water content 60%, but Time does not exceed 7 days yet;When grafting, first stock is smoothly located to cut with bark near the ground, it is long in the side incision of stock section Then the scion for retaining 1-2 full buds being whittled into is inserted into stock, is directed at both sides' forming layer, tightly binds and bury soil by 3-5cm Moisturizing, the exposed 1-2 buds of scion.Grafting time is March 10 mid-February-;It is 15-30 DEG C to graft temperature, and weather is fine day or the moon It.
B. second year same time does stock with cork robur one year seedling, the North America Oak Tree on Quercus acutissima tree stock is transferred Seedlings picking is grafted onto on cork oak stock:Grafting time and method are with step a, and grafting temperature is 15-30 DEG C, and weather is fine day or the moon It.
Bud is touched after grafting in time, bud number is touched and is no less than 4 times.
It is unbinded in time to grafting within 60 days or so after grafting.
The nursery stock prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:With 1.8% avermectin 25ml, 40% chlopyrifos 20ml, 70% thiophanate-methyl 30g, water 15kg mixings, spray hat;Every 7-10 days time, before 10 points of the morning of selection cloudy day or fine day or after at 4 points in afternoon, then use 2.5% decis 20ml, 40% propargite 20ml, 80% Mancozeb 20g, water 15kg mixings, spray hat.Application method:Annual two Secondary dispenser, mid-April first time-mid-May, second of mid-August-mid-September;Second year is same.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of North America Oak Tree method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
A. stock is done with the one year seedling of the local Quercus acutissima tree cultivating seeds in Hunan south area, by the hat middle and upper part fringe bar grafting of North America Oak Tree In on stock;
B. second year same time does stock with the one year seedling of cork oak tree cultivating seeds, by the North America on Quercus acutissima tree stock Oak Tree grafting is grafted onto on cork oak stock.
2. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The nursery stock prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, with 1.8% avermectin 25ml, 40% chlopyrifos 20ml, 70% thiophanate-methyl 30g, water 15kg mixings spray hat, every 7-10 days time, then with 2.5% bromine cyanogen Pyrethroids 20ml, 40% propargite 20ml, 80% Mancozeb 20g, water 15kg mixings spray hat.
3. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The preparation of the fringe bar of the North America Oak Tree, with March 10 Before, subject to other regional North America Oak Tree bud mouths not yet sprout, acquire the full fringe bar of tree crown middle and upper part bud eye in time.
4. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step a grafting times are March 10 mid-February-;It transfers Jointing temp is 15-30 DEG C, and weather is fine day or cloudy day.
5. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:When grafting, first stock and bark near the ground are smoothly located It cuts, in the stock section long 3-5cm of side incision, stock, alignment then is inserted into the scion for retaining 1-2 full buds being whittled into Both sides' forming layer tightly binds and buries native moisturizing, the exposed 1-2 buds of scion.
6. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Before grafting, with the fresh river sand of water content 60% to acquisition Fringe bar carry out moisturizing storage, the time be no more than 7 days.
7. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Bud is touched after grafting in time, bud number is touched and is no less than 4 times.
8. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is unbinded in time to grafting within 60 days or so after grafting.
9. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Step a grafting times are March 5 late Febuary-.
10. method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is 20 DEG C to graft temperature, and weather is fine day.
CN201810505252.8A 2018-05-24 2018-05-24 North America Oak Tree method for culturing seedlings Pending CN108718747A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1871209A (en) * 2003-08-29 2006-11-29 三井化学株式会社 Insecticide for agricultural or horticultural use and method of use thereof
CN102027861A (en) * 2009-09-29 2011-04-27 智汝庆 Living skin grafting method for woody plant
CN103404377A (en) * 2013-07-09 2013-11-27 新疆林业科学院 Fast-growing quercus robur nursery stock cultivating technology
CN104620869A (en) * 2015-02-14 2015-05-20 陈福志 Cultivation method of colorful white oaks
CN105432294A (en) * 2015-12-02 2016-03-30 罗杰 Lithocarpus calophyllus rapid asexual propagation method
CN107211809A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-09-29 江苏省林业科学研究院 American oaks propagation by grafiting method

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1871209A (en) * 2003-08-29 2006-11-29 三井化学株式会社 Insecticide for agricultural or horticultural use and method of use thereof
CN102027861A (en) * 2009-09-29 2011-04-27 智汝庆 Living skin grafting method for woody plant
CN103404377A (en) * 2013-07-09 2013-11-27 新疆林业科学院 Fast-growing quercus robur nursery stock cultivating technology
CN104620869A (en) * 2015-02-14 2015-05-20 陈福志 Cultivation method of colorful white oaks
CN105432294A (en) * 2015-12-02 2016-03-30 罗杰 Lithocarpus calophyllus rapid asexual propagation method
CN107211809A (en) * 2017-06-30 2017-09-29 江苏省林业科学研究院 American oaks propagation by grafiting method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
丁彤: "北美红栎无性繁殖体系的研究", 《农业科技辑》 *

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Application publication date: 20181102