CN108709673A - The top gem of a girdle-pendant cuts force test device and test method - Google Patents
The top gem of a girdle-pendant cuts force test device and test method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种珩削力测试装置包括第一顶尖机构、用于夹持珩磨轮的珩磨轮夹具、第二顶尖机构、电涡流传感器、信号放大器、数据分析模块，所述珩磨轮夹具位于第一顶尖机构和第二顶尖机构之间，电涡流传感器设置在第二顶尖机构上，以采集珩磨轮夹具的位移信息，电涡流传感器与信号放大器电性连接，信号放大器还与数据分析模块电性连接，以将电涡流传感器采集的珩磨轮夹具的位移信息放大并传输至数据分析模块，数据分析模块根据珩磨轮夹具的位移信息计算出珩磨轮夹具上的珩磨轮受到的珩削力。由于只需将珩磨轮夹具架设到第一顶尖机构和第二顶尖机构上，操作较为方便且装置的构造简单，成本较低。本发明还提供一种测量准确的珩削力测试方法。
A honing force testing device includes a first tip mechanism, a honing wheel fixture for clamping a honing wheel, a second tip mechanism, an eddy current sensor, a signal amplifier, and a data analysis module, and the honing wheel fixture is located at the first tip mechanism Between the second top mechanism and the second top mechanism, the eddy current sensor is arranged on the second top mechanism to collect the displacement information of the honing wheel fixture. The eddy current sensor is electrically connected to the signal amplifier, and the signal amplifier is also electrically connected to the data analysis module. The displacement information of the honing wheel fixture collected by the eddy current sensor is amplified and transmitted to the data analysis module, and the data analysis module calculates the honing force on the honing wheel on the honing wheel fixture according to the displacement information of the honing wheel fixture. Since only the honing wheel fixture needs to be erected on the first top mechanism and the second top mechanism, the operation is relatively convenient and the structure of the device is simple and the cost is low. The invention also provides an accurate honing force testing method.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及高质量硬齿面齿轮精加工技术领域，尤其涉及一种珩削力测试装置及测试方法。The invention relates to the technical field of high-quality hard tooth surface gear finishing, in particular to a honing force testing device and testing method.
背景技术Background technique
高精度硬齿面齿轮是汽车、机器人、风力发电、船舶、机床、航空航天、高铁等装备中必不可少的机械传动部件。齿轮等关键基础零部件的长寿命、抗疲劳、结构减重、无应力集中制造与装配等关键技术是制约我国高端装备发展的主要瓶颈。硬齿面精密齿轮精加工工序的主要目的的是实现齿轮最大的承载能力和最小的传动噪音。高精度硬齿面齿轮精加工工艺是实现高质量齿轮最大承载力和最小传动噪音的有效制造技术。High-precision hard-toothed gears are indispensable mechanical transmission components in equipment such as automobiles, robots, wind power generation, ships, machine tools, aerospace, and high-speed rail. Key technologies such as long life, anti-fatigue, structural weight reduction, and stress-free concentrated manufacturing and assembly of key basic components such as gears are the main bottlenecks restricting the development of high-end equipment in my country. The main purpose of the hard tooth surface precision gear finishing process is to achieve the maximum load capacity of the gear and the minimum transmission noise. The high-precision hard-tooth surface gear finishing process is an effective manufacturing technology to achieve the maximum bearing capacity and minimum transmission noise of high-quality gears.
自上世纪50年代后期美国将外啮合珩齿加工技术应用以来，珩齿加工技术已经逐渐成为硬齿面齿轮精加工的主要方法之一。研究发现珩齿不仅能有效降低齿轮噪音和表面粗糙度，而且珩齿后齿面形成的特有的表面结构特征能增强齿面耐磨性，使得珩齿成为在硬齿面齿轮磨削后常用的一种精加工加工工艺。传统珩齿加工技术存在的问题较多，例如，珩削余量小，最高仅有10-15μm切削量；加工质量主要依赖于上一道加工工序(剃齿等)保证；珩后的齿形、齿向修正能力差；珩磨轮采用环氧树脂或刚玉材料制造，精度较低，使用寿命短，齿面加工精度不高。使得自由珩削加工的应用受到一定的限制，要么用于去除热处理后的残余应力、修光、碰磕和去毛刺等辅助工序，要么用于磨削后为降低高性能齿轮噪音，增强齿面压应力，提高的使用寿命等场合，较大的制约了珩齿加工技术的发展。Since the application of external gear honing technology in the United States in the late 1950s, gear honing technology has gradually become one of the main methods for finishing hardened gears. The study found that honing can not only effectively reduce gear noise and surface roughness, but also the unique surface structure features formed on the tooth surface after honing can enhance the wear resistance of the tooth surface, making honing a commonly used tool after grinding hardened gears. A finishing process. There are many problems in the traditional gear honing processing technology, for example, the honing allowance is small, the maximum cutting amount is only 10-15μm; the processing quality mainly depends on the guarantee of the previous processing process (shaving, etc.); the tooth shape after honing, Poor tooth alignment correction capability; the honing wheel is made of epoxy resin or corundum material, which has low precision, short service life, and low machining accuracy of the tooth surface. The application of free honing processing is limited to a certain extent, either for auxiliary processes such as removing residual stress after heat treatment, smoothing, bumping and deburring, or for reducing noise of high-performance gears after grinding and enhancing tooth surfaces Compressive stress, increased service life and other occasions have greatly restricted the development of gear honing processing technology.
强力珩齿技术的出现，有效的解决了上述问题。热处理后硬齿面精加工方法主要有硬齿面剃齿、硬齿面磨齿、硬齿面精滚和硬齿面珩齿等。当硬齿面齿轮加工精度控制在ISO5级甚至更高的精度时，在制造成本持平的前提下，强力珩齿加工技术能够满足高端装备对齿轮精度、承载能力、运动速率、平稳性、工作寿命和噪声等传动性能的要求。目前国外正在大力推广采用滚齿－热处理－强力珩齿这种加工新工艺，但国内广泛推广和普及还存在困难。目前，国内外学者对珩齿的研究主要集中在珩齿的啮合理论、修形、齿面质量、寿命、噪声、工艺等方面研究，取得了较丰富的研究成果。The emergence of powerful gear honing technology has effectively solved the above problems. The finishing methods of hard tooth surface after heat treatment mainly include hard tooth surface shaving, hard tooth surface grinding, hard tooth surface fine rolling and hard tooth surface honing. When the processing precision of hard tooth surface gear is controlled at ISO5 level or even higher precision, under the premise of the same manufacturing cost, powerful gear honing processing technology can meet the requirements of high-end equipment on gear precision, load capacity, movement speed, stability, and working life. and noise transmission performance requirements. At present, the new processing technology of gear hobbing-heat treatment-power honing is being vigorously promoted abroad, but it is still difficult to widely promote and popularize it in China. At present, domestic and foreign scholars' research on gear honing mainly focuses on the meshing theory, shape modification, tooth surface quality, life, noise, technology and other aspects of gear honing, and has achieved rich research results.
在珩齿加工中，珩削力是一个非常重要的基础参数，切削热、刀具磨损等物理现象都与切削力有关。珩削力是设计和使用机床、刀具、夹具的重要依据。珩削力是珩削过程中产生的切削力和摩擦力的总和，它对珩削工艺的制定和磨削表面、亚表面损伤都有影响，也是评价材料可磨削性优劣的重要指标。通过测量珩削、准确计算珩削力可以进一步认识珩削机理，也可以通过珩削力来监测珩磨轮的磨损，从而及时修整和更换珩磨轮。所以珩削力的测量与研究在珩齿加工中有重要的地位。In gear honing, honing force is a very important basic parameter, and physical phenomena such as cutting heat and tool wear are related to cutting force. Honing force is an important basis for designing and using machine tools, cutting tools and fixtures. The honing force is the sum of the cutting force and friction force generated during the honing process. It has an impact on the formulation of the honing process and the damage of the grinding surface and sub-surface. It is also an important index for evaluating the grindability of materials. By measuring the honing and accurately calculating the honing force, the honing mechanism can be further understood, and the wear of the honing wheel can also be monitored through the honing force, so that the honing wheel can be repaired and replaced in time. So the measurement and research of honing force has an important position in gear honing.
现有的测力仪的价格较为昂贵、操作前准备工作也比较复杂、存在测量齿轮等回转类零件切削力较为困难、测量精度难以保证的问题。The existing dynamometers are relatively expensive, and the pre-operation preparations are relatively complicated, and there are problems in measuring the cutting force of rotary parts such as gears, and the measurement accuracy is difficult to guarantee.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，有必要提供一种成本较低、结构简单、操作简便、测试精度较高的珩削力测试装置。In view of this, it is necessary to provide a honing force testing device with low cost, simple structure, easy operation and high testing accuracy.
一种珩削力测试装置包括第一顶尖机构、用于夹持珩磨轮的珩磨轮夹具、第二顶尖机构、电涡流传感器、信号放大器、数据分析模块，所述珩磨轮夹具位于第一顶尖机构和第二顶尖机构之间，电涡流传感器设置在第二顶尖机构上，以采集珩磨轮夹具的位移信息，电涡流传感器与信号放大器电性连接，信号放大器还与数据分析模块电性连接，以将电涡流传感器采集的珩磨轮夹具的位移信息放大并传输至数据分析模块，数据分析模块根据珩磨轮夹具的位移信息计算出珩磨轮夹具上的珩磨轮受到的珩削力，所述数据分析模块包括信号转换单元、数据存储单元、数据计算单元、数据显示单元，信号转换单元将电涡流传感器采集的珩磨轮夹具的位移信号转换成挠度值并传输至数据存储单元，数据存储单元存储该挠度值以及计算珩磨轮受到的珩削力的计算公式中的定值并输出至数据计算单元，数据计算单元根据挠度值以及预存的珩削力计算公式，得到珩磨轮受到的珩削力值并存储至数据存储单元，同时还将珩削力值输出至数据显示单元。A honing force testing device includes a first tip mechanism, a honing wheel fixture for clamping a honing wheel, a second tip mechanism, an eddy current sensor, a signal amplifier, and a data analysis module, and the honing wheel fixture is located at the first tip mechanism Between the second top mechanism and the second top mechanism, the eddy current sensor is arranged on the second top mechanism to collect the displacement information of the honing wheel fixture. The eddy current sensor is electrically connected to the signal amplifier, and the signal amplifier is also electrically connected to the data analysis module. The displacement information of the honing wheel fixture collected by the eddy current sensor is amplified and transmitted to the data analysis module, and the data analysis module calculates the honing force received by the honing wheel on the honing wheel fixture according to the displacement information of the honing wheel fixture, and the data analysis module It includes a signal conversion unit, a data storage unit, a data calculation unit, and a data display unit. The signal conversion unit converts the displacement signal of the honing wheel fixture collected by the eddy current sensor into a deflection value and transmits it to the data storage unit. The data storage unit stores the deflection value And the fixed value in the calculation formula for calculating the honing force on the honing wheel is output to the data calculation unit, and the data calculation unit obtains the value of the honing force on the honing wheel according to the deflection value and the pre-stored honing force calculation formula and stores it in the The data storage unit also outputs the honing force value to the data display unit at the same time.
按照啮合方式，可以分为内啮合和外啮合两种珩削方法，但其珩削力测试方法相同，这里以最为常见的外啮合加工为例进行详细描述。According to the meshing method, it can be divided into two honing methods: internal meshing and external meshing, but the honing force test method is the same. Here, the most common external meshing processing is taken as an example to describe in detail.
一种珩削力的测试方法包括以下步骤：A kind of test method of honing force comprises the following steps:
步骤S001，将带有珩磨轮的珩磨轮夹具安装到第一顶尖机构和第二顶尖机构上，并启动电涡流传感器、信号放大器、数据分析模块、加工珩磨齿的刀具，刀具与珩磨齿的接触点为受力点，受力点到第一顶尖机构的轴承的轴向距离为a，受力点到第二顶尖机构的轴承的轴向距离为b，第一顶尖机构的轴承与第二顶尖机构的轴承之间的轴向距离为l，通过电涡流传感器测量出a、b、l的数值；Step S001, install the honing wheel fixture with the honing wheel on the first top mechanism and the second top mechanism, and start the eddy current sensor, signal amplifier, data analysis module, tool for processing the honing gear, and the contact between the tool and the honing gear The point is the force point, the axial distance from the force point to the bearing of the first top mechanism is a, the axial distance from the force point to the bearing of the second top mechanism is b, the bearing of the first top mechanism and the second top mechanism The axial distance between the bearings of the mechanism is l, and the values of a, b, and l are measured by the eddy current sensor;
步骤S002，根据珩削加工时刀具与工件啮合受力分析可知，珩削力可分为珩削速度方向分力Fτ，接触点法向分力Fn，以及轴向进给方向分力Fs。Fτ与Fn有如下关系：In step S002, according to the analysis of the meshing force between the tool and the workpiece during honing, the honing force can be divided into honing speed direction component F τ , contact point normal force F n , and axial feed direction component F s . F τ has the following relationship with F n :
(γ为磨粒切削角，一般情况下取γ＝60o) (γ is the cutting angle of abrasive grains, generally γ=60o)
所以测珩削力就转化为测径向力Fn，Therefore, the measured honing force is transformed into the measured radial force F n ,
工件所受径向分力简化模型为两端固定梁，所示径向力为Fn，已知弯曲刚度EI为常数；The simplified model of the radial component force on the workpiece is a fixed beam at both ends, the radial force shown is F n , and the known bending stiffness EI is a constant;
步骤S003，计算支反力，以第一顶尖机构的轴承与锥形顶尖的转轴接触的端点为第一固定端，以第二顶尖机构的轴承与锥形顶尖的转轴接触的端点为第二固定端，珩磨轮夹具以及锥形顶尖构成转动梁，在径向力F的作用下，转动梁共有四个支反力，两个支反力偶距，分别是第一固定端的轴向支反力FAx、第一固定端的铅锤支反力FAy、第一固定端的支反力偶距MA、第二固定端的轴向支反力FBx、第二固定端的铅锤支反力FBy、第二固定端的支反力偶距MB。有效平衡方程只有三个，故为三度静不定问题，但是，刀具对珩磨齿的作用力可以看作为零，因而轴向支反力FAx与FBx为零。Step S003, calculate the supporting reaction force, take the end point where the bearing of the first center mechanism contacts the rotating shaft of the tapered center as the first fixed end, and take the end point where the bearing of the second center mechanism contacts the rotating shaft of the tapered center as the second fixed end end, the honing wheel fixture and the tapered top constitute the rotating beam. Under the action of the radial force F, the rotating beam has four supporting reaction forces, and the distance between the two supporting reaction forces is the axial supporting reaction force F of the first fixed end. Ax , the plumb support reaction force F Ay of the first fixed end, the support reaction couple distance M A of the first fixed end, the axial support reaction force F Bx of the second fixed end, the plumb support reaction force F By of the second fixed end, The distance M B of the supporting reaction couple at the two fixed ends. There are only three effective balance equations, so it is a three-degree statically indeterminate problem. However, the force of the tool on the honing gear can be regarded as zero, so the axial support reaction forces F Ax and F Bx are zero.
由于第一固定端和第二固定端的转动梁的转动约束为多余约束，能够以相应支反力偶距MA与MB代替其作用，θA为第一固定端的相对线位移造成的转动梁的转角，θB为第二固定端的相对线位移造成的转动梁的转角，第一固定端和第二固定端受到轴承的约束，相对应的转角为零，即Since the rotation constraints of the rotating beam at the first fixed end and the second fixed end are redundant constraints, their functions can be replaced by the corresponding support reaction couple distances M A and M B , and θ A is the rotation of the rotating beam caused by the relative linear displacement of the first fixed end Rotation angle, θ B is the rotation angle of the rotating beam caused by the relative linear displacement of the second fixed end, the first fixed end and the second fixed end are constrained by the bearing, and the corresponding rotation angle is zero, that is
利用叠加法，得第一固定端和第二固定端的转角分别为Using the superposition method, the rotation angles of the first fixed end and the second fixed end are respectively
由上述方程求得Obtained from the above equation
多余支反力偶确定后，由平衡方程求得第一固定端和第二固定端的铅锤支反力分别为After the redundant support reaction couple is determined, the plumb support reaction forces at the first fixed end and the second fixed end are obtained from the balance equation as
步骤S004，对转动梁建立挠度近似微分方程并积分，由于受力点到第一固定端的转动梁与受力点到第二固定端的转动梁的弯矩方程不同，故挠曲轴近似微分方程应分段建立，并分别积分。其中，受力点到第一固定端的转动梁的挠度为ω1，受力点到第二固定端的转动梁的挠度为ω2，Step S004, establish an approximate differential equation of deflection for the rotating beam and integrate it. Since the bending moment equations of the rotating beam from the force point to the first fixed end are different from those of the rotating beam from the force point to the second fixed end, the approximate differential equation of the deflection axis should be divided into Segments are created and integrated separately. Among them, the deflection of the rotating beam from the force point to the first fixed end is ω 1 , and the deflection of the rotating beam from the force point to the second fixed end is ω 2 ,
受力点到第一固定端的转动梁的弯矩积分为(0≤x1≤a)：The bending moment integral of the rotating beam from the stress point to the first fixed end is (0≤x 1 ≤a):
受力点到第二固定端的转动梁的弯矩积分为(a≤x2≤b)：The bending moment integral of the rotating beam from the stress point to the second fixed end is (a≤x 2 ≤b):
确定积分常数Determine the integral constant
梁的位移边界条件：Displacement boundary conditions for beams:
在x1＝0处，ω1＝0；在x2＝l处，ω2＝0At x 1 =0, ω 1 =0; at x 2 =l, ω 2 =0
位移连续条件为：The displacement continuity condition is:
在x1＝x2＝a处，在x1＝x2＝a处，ω1＝ω2 At x 1 =x 2 =a, At x 1 =x 2 =a, ω 1 =ω 2
由以上四个条件可确定积分常数C1、C2、D1、D2，其值分别为：The integral constants C 1 , C 2 , D 1 , D 2 can be determined from the above four conditions, and their values are respectively:
D1＝0，D 1 =0,
将积分常数C1、C2、D1、D2带入方程，建立挠度与珩削力的关系，Bring the integral constants C 1 , C 2 , D 1 , and D 2 into the equation to establish the relationship between deflection and honing force,
步骤S005，通过电涡流传感器测量珩削过程中轴在竖直、水平方向上的瞬时扰度，并将测量的数据导入数据分析模块中的MATLAB数学软件进行滤波优化处理，导出其波的平均峰值，得到竖直方向上的挠度值和水平方向上的挠度值，并将挠度测量点到第一固定点的距离值代入公式，Step S005, measure the instantaneous disturbance of the shaft in the vertical and horizontal directions during the honing process through the eddy current sensor, and import the measured data into the MATLAB mathematical software in the data analysis module for filtering optimization processing, and derive the average peak value of the wave , get the deflection value in the vertical direction and the deflection value in the horizontal direction, and substitute the distance value from the deflection measurement point to the first fixed point into the formula,
或or
计算出珩磨轮在水平方向上的径向分力F1和竖直方向上的径向分力F2，根据公式计算出径向合力Fn，再由公式计算出珩磨轮受到的珩削力Fτ。Calculate the radial component force F 1 of the honing wheel in the horizontal direction and the radial component force F 2 in the vertical direction, according to the formula Calculate the resultant radial force F n , and then use the formula Calculate the honing force F τ on the honing wheel.
有益效果：本发明的珩削力测试装置包括第一顶尖机构、珩磨轮夹具、第二顶尖机构、电涡流传感器、信号放大器、数据分析模块。使用时，先将珩磨轮夹具夹在第一顶尖机构和第二顶尖机构之间，转动机床径向转盘，使工件与珩磨轮啮合，启动电涡流传感器、信号放大器、数据分析模块以及机床，通过测量相关力矩以及位移，通过珩削力测试方法中的公式能够准确计算出珩齿加工过程中的珩削力。Beneficial effects: the honing force testing device of the present invention includes a first tip mechanism, a honing wheel fixture, a second tip mechanism, an eddy current sensor, a signal amplifier, and a data analysis module. When in use, the honing wheel fixture is first clamped between the first top mechanism and the second top mechanism, the radial turntable of the machine tool is rotated to make the workpiece mesh with the honing wheel, and the eddy current sensor, signal amplifier, data analysis module and machine tool are started. The relevant torque and displacement are measured, and the honing force in the gear honing process can be accurately calculated through the formula in the honing force test method.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的珩削力测试装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the honing force testing device of the present invention.
图2为本发明的珩磨轮夹具的夹取状态的半剖面图。Fig. 2 is a half-sectional view of the clamping state of the honing wheel jig of the present invention.
图中：珩削力测试装置10、第一顶尖机构20、锥形顶尖201、顶尖支座202、珩磨轮夹具30、第一工件夹盘301、第一装配孔3011、第二工件夹盘302、第二装配孔3021、外翻边3001、固定键303、轴套304、固定槽3041、第一螺栓305、端盖306、连接轴3061、第二螺栓307、螺旋压缩弹簧308、第二顶尖机构40、电涡流传感器50。In the figure: honing force test device 10, first tip mechanism 20, conical tip 201, tip support 202, honing wheel fixture 30, first workpiece chuck 301, first assembly hole 3011, second workpiece chuck 302 , the second assembly hole 3021, the outer flange 3001, the fixed key 303, the bushing 304, the fixed groove 3041, the first bolt 305, the end cover 306, the connecting shaft 3061, the second bolt 307, the helical compression spring 308, the second top Mechanism 40, eddy current sensor 50.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. Ordinary technicians can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings on the premise of not paying creative work.
请参看图1和图2，一种珩削力测试装置10包括第一顶尖机构20、用于夹持珩磨轮的珩磨轮夹具30、第二顶尖机构40、电涡流传感器50、信号放大器、数据分析模块，所述珩磨轮夹具30位于第一顶尖机构20和第二顶尖机构40之间，电涡流传感器50设置在第二顶尖机构40上，以采集珩磨轮夹具30的位移信息，电涡流传感器50与信号放大器电性连接，信号放大器还与数据分析模块电性连接，以将电涡流传感器50采集的珩磨轮夹具30的位移信息放大并传输至数据分析模块，数据分析模块根据珩磨轮夹具30的位移信息计算出珩磨轮夹具30上的珩磨轮受到的珩削力，所述数据分析模块包括信号转换单元、数据存储单元、数据计算单元、数据显示单元，信号转换单元将电涡流传感器采集的珩磨轮夹具的位移信号转换成挠度值并传输至数据存储单元，数据存储单元存储该挠度值以及计算珩磨轮受到的珩削力的计算公式中的定值并输出至数据计算单元，数据计算单元根据挠度值以及预存的珩削力计算公式，得到珩磨轮受到的珩削力值并存储至数据存储单元，同时还将珩削力值输出至数据显示单元。Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a kind of honing force testing device 10 comprises the first tip mechanism 20, the honing wheel holder 30 for clamping honing wheel, the second tip mechanism 40, eddy current sensor 50, signal amplifier, data Analysis module, the honing wheel fixture 30 is located between the first top mechanism 20 and the second top mechanism 40, the eddy current sensor 50 is arranged on the second top mechanism 40, to collect the displacement information of the honing wheel fixture 30, the eddy current sensor 50 is electrically connected with the signal amplifier, and the signal amplifier is also electrically connected with the data analysis module, so that the displacement information of the honing wheel fixture 30 collected by the eddy current sensor 50 is amplified and transmitted to the data analysis module, and the data analysis module is based on the honing wheel fixture 30 The displacement information calculates the honing force that the honing wheel on the honing wheel fixture 30 is subjected to, and the data analysis module includes a signal conversion unit, a data storage unit, a data calculation unit, and a data display unit, and the signal conversion unit collects the eddy current sensor The displacement signal of the honing wheel fixture is converted into a deflection value and transmitted to the data storage unit. The data storage unit stores the deflection value and the fixed value in the calculation formula for calculating the honing force on the honing wheel and outputs it to the data calculation unit. The data calculation unit According to the deflection value and the pre-stored honing force calculation formula, the honing force value received by the honing wheel is obtained and stored in the data storage unit, and the honing force value is output to the data display unit at the same time.
在一较佳实施方式中，所述预存的计算公式为：公式(1)、公式(2)及公式(3)：其中公式(1)为：In a preferred embodiment, the pre-stored calculation formulas are: formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3): where formula (1) is:
或or
公式(2)为： Formula (2) is:
公式(3)为： Formula (3) is:
其中，ω1或ω2为珩削力夹具在受力点的挠度，a为受力点到其中一个支撑点的距离、b为受力点到另一个支撑点的距离，l为两个支撑点间的距离，EI为弯曲刚度，Fn为珩磨轮夹具受到的径向合力。其中a、b、l可以通过测量得到，EI为常量。通过电涡流传感器能够得到珩磨轮夹具在竖直方向上的挠度值和水平方向上的挠度值，并将a、b、l、EI的值代入公式(1)的任意一个公式中，计算出珩磨齿在水平方向上的径向分力和竖直方向上的径向分力的数值，根据公式计算出径向合力Fn的数值，其中，F1为珩磨齿在水平方向上的径向分力，F2为珩磨齿在竖直方向上的径向分力，再由公式计算出珩磨齿受到的珩削力的数值，其中Fτ为珩磨齿受到的珩削力。Among them, ω 1 or ω 2 is the deflection of the honing force fixture at the force point, a is the distance from the force point to one of the support points, b is the distance from the force point to the other support point, and l is the distance between the two supports The distance between the points, EI is the bending stiffness, F n is the radial resultant force on the honing wheel fixture. Among them, a, b, l can be obtained by measurement, and EI is a constant. The deflection value of the honing wheel fixture in the vertical direction and the deflection value in the horizontal direction can be obtained through the eddy current sensor, and the values of a, b, l, and EI can be substituted into any formula of formula (1) to calculate the honing The value of the radial component force of the tooth in the horizontal direction and the radial component force in the vertical direction, according to the formula Calculate the value of the radial resultant force Fn , where F1 is the radial component force of the honing tooth in the horizontal direction, F2 is the radial component force of the honing tooth in the vertical direction, and then by the formula Calculate the value of the honing force on the honing gear, where F τ is the honing force on the honing gear.
进一步的，所述第一顶尖机构20和第二顶尖机构40的结构相同，第一顶尖机构20包括锥形顶尖201、顶尖支座202，锥形顶尖201的一端与珩磨轮夹具30的中心孔套设连接，锥形顶尖201的另一端设有转轴，相应的，顶尖支座202的上端设有轴承，锥形顶尖201的转轴与轴承套设连接，点涡流传感器设置在第一顶尖机构20或第二顶尖机构40的锥形顶尖201上，以测试珩磨轮在转动过程中的位移。Further, the first tip mechanism 20 and the second tip mechanism 40 have the same structure, the first tip mechanism 20 includes a conical tip 201, a tip support 202, one end of the conical tip 201 and the center hole of the honing wheel fixture 30 Sleeve connection, the other end of the conical top 201 is provided with a rotating shaft, correspondingly, the upper end of the top support 202 is provided with a bearing, the rotating shaft of the conical top 201 is connected with the bearing sleeve, and the point eddy current sensor is arranged on the first top mechanism 20 Or on the conical top 201 of the second top mechanism 40, to test the displacement of the honing wheel during rotation.
进一步的，所述珩磨轮夹具30包括第一工件夹盘301、第二工件夹盘302、固定键303、轴套304、第一螺栓305、端盖306、第二螺栓307，所述第一工件夹盘301和第二工件夹盘302设有外翻边3001，珩磨轮被夹持在第一工件夹盘301和第二工件夹盘302的外翻边3001之间，以使珩磨轮与珩磨轮夹具30同步转动，第一工件夹盘301的外翻边3001的端面的中心设有与第一顶尖机构20的锥形顶尖201相配合的锥形的第一装配孔3011，以使锥形顶尖201嵌入第一装配孔3011中，第二工件夹盘302为筒状，第二工件夹盘302的内径、第一工件夹盘301的直径与珩磨轮的内径相同，以使第一工件夹盘301与珩磨轮、第二工件夹盘302套设连接，第二夹持盘上设有安装固定键303的键槽，以通过固定键303使第一工件夹盘301与第二工件夹盘302过盈配合，第二工件夹盘302的外径与轴套304的内径相同，以使第二工件夹盘302与轴套304的第一端套设连接，且轴套304上设有若干固定槽3041，第二工件夹盘302在与固定槽3041相正对的位置上设有内螺纹孔，以使第一螺栓305穿过固定槽3041与第二工件夹盘302固定连接，轴套304的第二端的端面和端盖306上设有相配合的螺纹孔，以通过第二螺栓307使轴套304与端盖306固定连接，端盖306的第一端的端面上设有与第二顶尖机构40的锥形顶尖201相配合的第二装配孔3021，以使锥形顶尖201嵌入第二装配孔3021中，从而使珩磨轮夹具30能够架设在第一顶尖机构20和第二顶尖机构40之间。Further, the honing wheel fixture 30 includes a first workpiece chuck 301, a second workpiece chuck 302, a fixed key 303, a shaft sleeve 304, a first bolt 305, an end cover 306, and a second bolt 307. The first The workpiece chuck 301 and the second workpiece chuck 302 are provided with an outer flange 3001, and the honing wheel is clamped between the outer flange 3001 of the first workpiece chuck 301 and the second workpiece chuck 302, so that the honing wheel and The honing wheel fixture 30 rotates synchronously, and the center of the end surface of the outer flange 3001 of the first workpiece chuck 301 is provided with a tapered first assembly hole 3011 matched with the tapered top 201 of the first top mechanism 20, so that the cone The shape tip 201 is embedded in the first assembly hole 3011, the second workpiece chuck 302 is cylindrical, the inner diameter of the second workpiece chuck 302, the diameter of the first workpiece chuck 301 and the inner diameter of the honing wheel are the same, so that the first workpiece The chuck 301 is sleeved and connected with the honing wheel and the second workpiece chuck 302, and the second clamping disk is provided with a keyway for installing a fixed key 303, so that the first workpiece chuck 301 and the second workpiece chuck can be connected by the fixed key 303. 302 interference fit, the outer diameter of the second workpiece chuck 302 is the same as the inner diameter of the shaft sleeve 304, so that the second workpiece chuck 302 is sleeved and connected with the first end of the shaft sleeve 304, and the shaft sleeve 304 is provided with several The fixing groove 3041, the second workpiece chuck 302 is provided with an internally threaded hole at the position facing the fixing groove 3041, so that the first bolt 305 passes through the fixing groove 3041 and is fixedly connected with the second workpiece chuck 302, and the shaft sleeve The end surface of the second end of 304 and the end cover 306 are provided with matched threaded holes, so that the shaft sleeve 304 is fixedly connected with the end cover 306 by the second bolt 307, and the end surface of the first end of the end cover 306 is provided with the first The second assembly hole 3021 that the tapered top 201 of the two top mechanisms 40 matches, so that the tapered top 201 is embedded in the second assembly hole 3021, so that the honing wheel fixture 30 can be erected on the first top mechanism 20 and the second top Between 40 institutions.
进一步的，所述第二端盖306上设有连接轴3061，第二端盖306的连接轴3061的直径小于第二夹持盘的内径，连接轴3061的距离大于第二端盖306到第二工件夹盘302的距离，以使端盖306能够沿着轴向方向移动，相应的，珩磨轮夹具30还包括螺旋压缩弹簧308，螺旋压缩弹簧308套设在连接轴3061上，第二工件夹盘302与端盖306相邻的端面处设有环状的支撑凹槽，螺旋压缩弹簧308的第一端嵌入到支撑凹槽中，螺旋压缩弹簧308的第二端与端盖306接触，当推动端盖306时，螺旋压缩弹簧308被压缩在端盖306与第二工件夹盘302之间，相应的，轴套304上的固定槽3041的长度大于第二螺栓307的直径，以能够推动端盖306使珩磨轮夹具30的长度变短。Further, the second end cover 306 is provided with a connecting shaft 3061, the diameter of the connecting shaft 3061 of the second end cover 306 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second clamping disk, and the distance between the connecting shaft 3061 is greater than the distance between the second end cover 306 and the second clamping disc. The distance between the two workpiece chucks 302 is such that the end cover 306 can move along the axial direction. Correspondingly, the honing wheel fixture 30 also includes a helical compression spring 308, which is sleeved on the connecting shaft 3061, and the second workpiece An annular support groove is provided at the end surface of the chuck 302 adjacent to the end cover 306, the first end of the helical compression spring 308 is embedded in the support groove, and the second end of the helical compression spring 308 is in contact with the end cover 306, When the end cover 306 is pushed, the helical compression spring 308 is compressed between the end cover 306 and the second workpiece chuck 302, correspondingly, the length of the fixing groove 3041 on the shaft sleeve 304 is greater than the diameter of the second bolt 307, so as to be able to Pushing the end cap 306 shortens the length of the honing wheel holder 30 .
在实际工作过程中，一般情况下，第一顶尖机构20和第二顶尖机构40是固定在机架上的，即第一顶尖机构20和第二顶尖机构40之间的距离是固定的。如果要使珩磨轮夹具30架设到第一顶尖机构20和第二顶尖机构40之间，那么珩磨轮夹具30的长度要大于第一顶尖机构20和第二顶尖机构40之间的距离。因此，进一步的，所述第二端盖306上设有连接轴3061，第二端盖306的连接轴3061的直径小于第二夹持盘的内径，连接轴3061的距离大于第二端盖306到第二工件夹盘302的距离，以使端盖306能够沿着轴向方向移动，相应的，珩磨轮夹具30还包括螺旋压缩弹簧308，螺旋压缩弹簧308套设在连接轴3061上，第二工件夹盘302与端盖306相邻的端面处设有环状的支撑凹槽，螺旋压缩弹簧308的第一端嵌入到支撑凹槽中，螺旋压缩弹簧308的第二端与端盖306接触，当推动端盖306时，螺旋压缩弹簧308被压缩在端盖306与第二工件夹盘302之间，相应的，轴套304上的固定槽3041的长度大于第二螺栓307的直径，以能够推动端盖306使珩磨轮夹具30的长度变短。In the actual working process, generally, the first top mechanism 20 and the second top mechanism 40 are fixed on the frame, that is, the distance between the first top mechanism 20 and the second top mechanism 40 is fixed. If the honing wheel fixture 30 is to be erected between the first center mechanism 20 and the second center mechanism 40 , the length of the honing wheel fixture 30 must be greater than the distance between the first center mechanism 20 and the second center mechanism 40 . Therefore, further, the second end cover 306 is provided with a connecting shaft 3061, the diameter of the connecting shaft 3061 of the second end cover 306 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second clamping disk, and the distance of the connecting shaft 3061 is greater than that of the second end cover 306 The distance to the second workpiece chuck 302 is such that the end cover 306 can move along the axial direction. Correspondingly, the honing wheel fixture 30 also includes a helical compression spring 308, which is sheathed on the connecting shaft 3061. Two workpiece chucks 302 are provided with an annular support groove at the end surface adjacent to the end cover 306, the first end of the helical compression spring 308 is embedded in the support groove, and the second end of the helical compression spring 308 is in contact with the end cover 306 Contact, when the end cover 306 is pushed, the helical compression spring 308 is compressed between the end cover 306 and the second workpiece chuck 302, correspondingly, the length of the fixing groove 3041 on the shaft sleeve 304 is greater than the diameter of the second bolt 307, The length of the honing wheel holder 30 is shortened in order to be able to push the end cap 306 .
当珩磨轮夹具30放置到第一顶尖机构20和第二顶尖机构40之间，且第一顶尖机构20的锥形顶尖201和第二顶尖机构40的锥形顶尖201分别与珩磨轮夹具30的第一装配孔3011和第二装配孔3021相正对时，松开端盖306，端盖306在螺旋压缩弹簧308的恢复力作用下，第一顶尖机构20的锥形顶尖201和第二顶尖机构40的锥形顶尖201嵌入第一装配孔3011和第二装配孔3021中，从而能够便于珩磨轮夹具30的安装。When the honing wheel fixture 30 is placed between the first tip mechanism 20 and the second tip mechanism 40, and the conical tip 201 of the first tip mechanism 20 and the conical tip 201 of the second tip mechanism 40 are respectively connected to the honing wheel fixture 30 When the first assembly hole 3011 and the second assembly hole 3021 are facing each other, the end cover 306 is loosened, and the end cover 306 is under the restoring force of the helical compression spring 308, the conical top 201 of the first top mechanism 20 and the second top The conical tip 201 of the mechanism 40 is inserted into the first assembly hole 3011 and the second assembly hole 3021 , so as to facilitate the installation of the honing wheel fixture 30 .
珩磨齿被夹在第一工件夹盘301和第二工件夹盘302之间，由于珩磨齿的内径与第一工件夹盘301的直径、第二工件夹盘302的内径相同，因此珩磨齿可以套设在第一工件夹盘301上，珩磨齿不会径向晃动。第一工件夹盘301还与第二工件夹盘302套设连接，同时第一工件夹盘301与第二工件夹盘302通过固定键303固定，从而使珩磨齿不会轴向晃动，进而使珩磨齿在转动过程中不会发生位移，能够始终与珩磨齿夹具同步转动。通过电涡轮传感器测试出珩磨齿夹具的转轴在水平方向的的径向位移和竖直方向的径向位移，从而计算出珩磨齿夹具在水平方向的径向扰度和竖直方向的径向扰度。珩磨齿夹具的扰度即为珩磨齿的扰度，再根据相关计算公式即可求得珩磨齿在珩磨过程中受到的水平方向的径向分力和竖直方向的径向分力，从而计算出珩磨过程中的径向方向上的合力，再根据相关计算公式计算出珩磨齿的珩削力。The honing teeth are clamped between the first work chuck 301 and the second work chuck 302. Since the inner diameter of the honing teeth is the same as that of the first work chuck 301 and the inner diameter of the second work chuck 302, the honing teeth can be Set on the first workpiece chuck 301, the honing teeth will not shake radially. The first workpiece chuck 301 is also sleeved and connected with the second workpiece chuck 302, and the first workpiece chuck 301 and the second workpiece chuck 302 are fixed by the fixing key 303 at the same time, so that the honing teeth can not axially shake, and then the The honing gear will not be displaced during rotation, and can always rotate synchronously with the honing gear fixture. The radial displacement in the horizontal direction and the radial displacement in the vertical direction of the rotating shaft of the honing gear fixture are tested by the electric turbine sensor, so as to calculate the radial disturbance in the horizontal direction and the radial disturbance in the vertical direction of the honing gear fixture Spend. The disturbance of the honing gear fixture is the disturbance of the honing gear, and then according to the relevant calculation formulas, the radial component force in the horizontal direction and the radial component force in the vertical direction can be obtained by the honing gear during the honing process, so as to calculate Calculate the resultant force in the radial direction during the honing process, and then calculate the honing force of the honing gear according to the relevant calculation formula.
一种珩削力的测试方法包括以下步骤：A kind of test method of honing force comprises the following steps:
步骤S001，将带有珩磨轮的珩磨轮夹具30安装到第一顶尖机构和第二顶尖机构上，并启动电涡流传感器50、信号放大器、数据分析模块、加工珩磨齿的刀具，刀具与珩磨齿的接触点为受力点，受力点到第一顶尖机构20的轴承的轴向距离为a，受力点到第二顶尖机构40的轴承的轴向距离为b，第一顶尖机构20的轴承与第二顶尖机构40的轴承之间的轴向距离为l，通过电涡流传感器50测量出a、b、l的数值；Step S001, install the honing wheel fixture 30 with the honing wheel on the first top mechanism and the second top mechanism, and start the eddy current sensor 50, the signal amplifier, the data analysis module, the tool for processing the honing gear, the tool and the honing gear The contact point is the stressed point, the axial distance from the stressed point to the bearing of the first top mechanism 20 is a, the axial distance from the stressed point to the bearing of the second top mechanism 40 is b, and the axial distance of the first top mechanism 20 The axial distance between the bearing and the bearing of the second top mechanism 40 is l, and the values of a, b, and l are measured by the eddy current sensor 50;
步骤S002，在刀具加工齿轮的情况下，对珩磨齿进行受力分析，珩削力可分成珩削速度方向分力Fτ、接触点径向分力Fn、以及轴向进给方向分力Fs，Fτ与Fn有如下关系：Step S002, in the case of machining gears with tools, analyze the force on the honing gear. The honing force can be divided into honing speed direction component F τ , contact point radial force F n , and axial feed direction component F s , F τ and F n have the following relationship:
(γ为磨粒切削角，一般情况下取γ＝60o) (γ is the cutting angle of abrasive grains, generally γ=60o)
所以测珩削力就转化为测径向力Fn，Therefore, the measured honing force is transformed into the measured radial force F n ,
工件所受径向分力简化模型为两端固定梁，所示径向力为Fn，已知弯曲刚度EI为常数；The simplified model of the radial component force on the workpiece is a fixed beam at both ends, the radial force shown is F n , and the known bending stiffness EI is a constant;
步骤S003，计算支反力，以第一顶尖机构20的轴承与锥形顶尖201的转轴接触的端点为第一固定端，以第二顶尖机构40的轴承与锥形顶尖201的转轴接触的端点为第二固定端，珩磨轮夹具30以及锥形顶尖201构成转动梁，在径向力F的作用下，转动梁共有四个支反力，两个支反力偶距，分别是第一固定端的轴向支反力FAx、第一固定端的铅锤支反力FAy、第一固定端的支反力偶距MA、第二固定端的轴向支反力FBx、第二固定端的铅锤支反力FBy、第二固定端的支反力偶距MB，而有效平衡方程只有三个，故为三度静不定问题，但是，刀具对珩磨齿的作用力可以看作为零，因而轴向支反力FAx与FBx为零；Step S003, calculate the supporting reaction force, the end point where the bearing of the first center mechanism 20 contacts the rotating shaft of the tapered center 201 is the first fixed end, and the end point where the bearing of the second center mechanism 40 contacts the rotating shaft of the tapered center 201 is the second fixed end, the honing wheel fixture 30 and the tapered tip 201 constitute a rotating beam, under the action of the radial force F, the rotating beam has four supporting reaction forces, and the distances between the two supporting reaction forces are respectively the distances of the first fixed end Axial support reaction force F Ax , plumb support reaction force F Ay of the first fixed end, support reaction couple distance M A of the first fixed end, axial support reaction force F Bx of the second fixed end, plumb support force of the second fixed end The reaction force F By , the support reaction couple distance M B of the second fixed end, and there are only three effective balance equations, so it is a three-degree static indeterminate problem. However, the force of the tool on the honing gear can be regarded as zero, so the axial support The reaction forces F Ax and F Bx are zero;
由于第一固定端和第二固定端的转动梁的转动约束为多余约束，能够以相应支反力偶距MA与MB代替其作用，θA为第一固定端的相对线位移造成的转动梁的转角，θB为第二固定端的相对线位移造成的转动梁的转角，第一固定端和第二固定端受到轴承的约束，相对应的转角为零，即Since the rotation constraints of the rotating beam at the first fixed end and the second fixed end are redundant constraints, their functions can be replaced by the corresponding support reaction couple distances M A and M B , and θ A is the rotation of the rotating beam caused by the relative linear displacement of the first fixed end Rotation angle, θ B is the rotation angle of the rotating beam caused by the relative linear displacement of the second fixed end, the first fixed end and the second fixed end are constrained by the bearing, and the corresponding rotation angle is zero, that is
利用叠加法，得第一固定端和第二固定端的转角分别为Using the superposition method, the rotation angles of the first fixed end and the second fixed end are respectively
由上述方程求得Obtained from the above equation
多余支反力偶确定后，由平衡方程求得第一固定端和第二固定端的铅锤支反力分别为After the redundant support reaction couple is determined, the plumb support reaction forces at the first fixed end and the second fixed end are obtained from the balance equation as
步骤S004，对转动梁建立挠度近似微分方程并积分，由于受力点到第一固定端的转动梁与受力点到第二固定端的转动梁的弯矩方程不同，故挠曲轴近似微分方程应分段建立，并分别积分，其中，受力点到第一固定端的转动梁的挠度为ω1，受力点到第二固定端的转动梁的挠度为ω2，Step S004, establish an approximate differential equation of deflection for the rotating beam and integrate it. Since the bending moment equations of the rotating beam from the force point to the first fixed end are different from those of the rotating beam from the force point to the second fixed end, the approximate differential equation of the deflection axis should be divided into The segments are established and integrated separately, where the deflection of the rotating beam from the force point to the first fixed end is ω 1 , and the deflection of the rotating beam from the force point to the second fixed end is ω 2 ,
受力点到第一固定端的转动梁的弯矩积分为(0≤x1≤a)：The bending moment integral of the rotating beam from the stress point to the first fixed end is (0≤x 1 ≤a):
受力点到第二固定端的转动梁的弯矩积分为(a≤x2≤b)：The bending moment integral of the rotating beam from the stress point to the second fixed end is (a≤x 2 ≤b):
确定积分常数Determine the integral constant
梁的位移边界条件：Displacement boundary conditions for beams:
在x1＝0处，ω1＝0；在x2＝l处，ω2＝0At x 1 =0, ω 1 =0; at x 2 =l, ω 2 =0
位移连续条件为：The displacement continuity condition is:
在x1＝x2＝a处，在x1＝x2＝a处，ω1＝ω2 At x 1 =x 2 =a, At x 1 =x 2 =a, ω 1 =ω 2
由以上四个条件可确定积分常数C1、C2、D1、D2，其值分别为：The integral constants C 1 , C 2 , D 1 , D 2 can be determined from the above four conditions, and their values are respectively:
D1＝0，D 1 =0,
将积分常数C1、C2、D1、D2带入方程，建立挠度与珩削力的关系，Bring the integral constants C 1 , C 2 , D 1 , and D 2 into the equation to establish the relationship between deflection and honing force,
步骤S005，通过电涡流传感器50测量珩削过程中轴在竖直、水平方向上的瞬时扰度，并将测量的数据导入数据分析模块中的MATLAB数学软件进行滤波优化处理，导出其波的平均峰值，得到竖直方向上的挠度值和水平方向上的挠度值，并将挠度测量点到第一固定点的距离值代入公式，Step S005, measure the instantaneous disturbance of the shaft in the vertical and horizontal directions during the honing process through the eddy current sensor 50, and import the measured data into the MATLAB mathematical software in the data analysis module for filtering optimization processing, and derive the average wave peak value, get the deflection value in the vertical direction and the deflection value in the horizontal direction, and substitute the distance value from the deflection measurement point to the first fixed point into the formula,
或or
计算出珩磨齿在水平方向上的径向分力F1和竖直方向上的径向分力F2，根据公式计算出径向合力Fn，再由公式计算出珩磨齿受到的珩削力Fτ。Calculate the radial component force F 1 of the honing gear in the horizontal direction and the radial component force F 2 in the vertical direction, according to the formula Calculate the resultant radial force F n , and then use the formula Calculate the honing force F τ on the honing gear.
为检验该测量装置及方法的可行性和测量精度，用东华测试DH5929和DN5922N动态信号采集分析系统与瑞士KISTLER测力仪做对比实验。在相同参数条件下，对同一位置测量六组水平方向的挠度和竖直方向的挠度数据，本装置测量结果如表1所示。In order to test the feasibility and measurement accuracy of the measuring device and method, a comparative experiment was carried out with the DH5929 and DN5922N dynamic signal acquisition and analysis systems of Donghua Testing and the Swiss KISTLER dynamometer. Under the same parameter conditions, six sets of horizontal deflection and vertical deflection data are measured at the same position. The measurement results of this device are shown in Table 1.
表1 ω1、ω2数值测量(单位：mm)Table 1 Numerical measurements of ω 1 and ω 2 (unit: mm)
实验测得a＝47.5mm，b＝154.8mm，l＝202.3mm，x1＝180mm，x2＝180mmExperimentally measured a=47.5mm, b=154.8mm, l=202.3mm, x 1 =180mm, x 2 =180mm
求得珩削力Fτ＝181.494NCalculate the honing force F τ = 181.494N
KISTLER测力仪测得珩削力Fτ＝174.59NThe honing force F τ = 174.59N measured by the KISTLER dynamometer
相对误差 Relative error
两种测量方法相对误差3.8％,说明本发明的珩削力测试装置及方法可行，测量精度较高，属于可接受的范畴。在实际测量过程中，如果能更好的解决以下几个问题，有助于进一步提高测量精度。The relative error of the two measurement methods is 3.8%, which shows that the honing force test device and method of the present invention are feasible, and the measurement accuracy is high, which belongs to the acceptable category. In the actual measurement process, if the following problems can be better solved, it will help to further improve the measurement accuracy.
1.顶尖与顶尖座有轴承连接，轴承本身就有间隙。1. There is a bearing connection between the top and the top seat, and the bearing itself has a gap.
2.传感器固定件的夹紧力不足，导致传感器与顶尖座有相对运动。2. The clamping force of the sensor fixture is insufficient, resulting in relative movement between the sensor and the top seat.
3.由于珩削力是不连续的，而处理的时候是按照平均力处理的，所以也是产生成误差的原因之一。3. Since the honing force is discontinuous, and it is processed according to the average force, it is also one of the reasons for the error.
4.实验用的SMY-4620精密卧式珩齿机床身设计不合理，刀具旋转时机床振动较大，对珩削力的测量精度有影响。4. The body design of the SMY-4620 precision horizontal gear honing machine used in the experiment is unreasonable, and the machine tool vibrates greatly when the tool rotates, which affects the measurement accuracy of the honing force.
5.电涡流传感器50在测量夹具圆柱体回转体运动时，圆柱的直径与传感器线圈直径之比对灵敏度也有影响。5. When the eddy current sensor 50 measures the motion of the rotating body of the fixture cylinder, the ratio of the diameter of the cylinder to the diameter of the sensor coil also affects the sensitivity.
6.实验所用的东华测试DH5929和DN5922N动态信号采集分析系统在测试过程中也有一定的误差。6. The Donghua Test DH5929 and DN5922N dynamic signal acquisition and analysis systems used in the experiment also have certain errors during the test process.
以上所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分流程，并依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属于发明所涵盖的范围。What is disclosed above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and certainly cannot limit the scope of rights of the present invention with this. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the whole or part of the process of realizing the above-mentioned embodiment, and make according to the claims of the present invention The equivalent changes still belong to the scope covered by the invention.
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