CN108691740A - A kind of balanced radial force two inclined plate plunger hydraulic electric-motor pump - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of plunger hydraulic pumps, and specifically discloses a radial force balanced double swash plate plunger type hydraulic motor pump, which includes a motor assembly and a hydraulic pump assembly. The motor assembly includes a motor casing and a left end arranged at both ends of the motor casing The cover, the right end cover, and the motor stator and motor rotor inside the motor casing; the hydraulic pump assembly includes a cylinder block, a left swash plate, and a right swash plate. Rotatable fit, the cylinder body is connected with the motor rotor, the left swash plate and the right swash plate are fixedly installed on the left end cover and the right end cover respectively, and are evenly distributed inside the cylinder body through the left plunger reciprocating assembly and the right plunger reciprocating assembly respectively The plunger holes on the left and right end faces match each other; radial force balance pieces are arranged at the contact parts between the left swash plate and the right swash plate and the inner wall of the cylinder. The invention can effectively balance the radial force suffered by the rolling bearing, reduce the wear of the bearing, improve the service life, and has the advantages of high rotating speed, large flow rate and the like.

Description

A radial force balance double swash plate plunger type hydraulic motor pump

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of plunger hydraulic pumps, and more specifically relates to a radial force balance double swash plate plunger type hydraulic motor pump.

Background technique

There are three main types of hydraulic pumps, namely, gear pumps, vane pumps, and plunger pumps. Among them, the plunger pump can realize high-pressure transmission, rich variable types, and intelligent and networked variables. It can be compared with any other hydraulic pump in structure. Formal pump combination, easy to obtain large flow rate and high speed, easy to arrange, high overall efficiency and other advantages have attracted more and more attention.

Plunger pumps with many structures have been disclosed in the prior art, such as a double swash plate hydraulic motor plunger pump disclosed in patent CN102135082B, a double swash plate plunger type variable displacement pump disclosed in CN104791210B, and a column pump disclosed in CN102619720B. Piston motor pump etc., above-mentioned existing plunger pump generally all comprises shell, motor, end cover, plunger, swash plate, supporting bearing etc., and these are conventional mechanism components of plunger pump. However, in order to achieve high-pressure transmission, the supporting bearings of the rotary parts of the plunger pump often bear large axial and radial loads during use, resulting in serious wear of the bearings and eventually making the hydraulic pump unable to work. At the same time, with the development of mechanical equipment, the development of marine resources and the protection of the environment, people hope to directly use seawater as a hydraulic transmission medium to prevent hydraulic oil from polluting the marine environment. However, water hydraulic plunger pumps are currently facing problems such as high noise, low volumetric efficiency, and short life. One of the key influencing factors is that due to the low viscosity and strong corrosion of seawater, the supporting bearings of the rotating parts in the pump cannot form good lubrication and seawater It will cause corrosion and wear to the metal material of the bearing. In addition, during the high-pressure transmission process, the support bearing bears a high load, and the service life of the bearing is greatly reduced, which eventually leads to the failure of the water hydraulic pump to work normally.

It can be seen that how to reduce the axial force and radial force on the supporting bearing of the rotary part of the plunger pump during the high-pressure transmission process and improve the service life of the bearing is an urgent problem in the plunger pump field.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a radial force balance double swash plate plunger type hydraulic motor pump, which provides a radial force balance member at the contact position between the two swash plates and the inner wall of the cylinder, It can effectively balance the radial force on the rolling bearings at both ends of the cylinder, reduce bearing wear, and improve the service life of the bearing. It has the advantages of high speed, large flow, and high power density.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a radial force balance double swash plate plunger type hydraulic motor pump, which includes a motor assembly and a hydraulic pump assembly, wherein:

The motor assembly includes a motor casing, a left end cover and a right end cover arranged at both ends of the motor casing, and a motor stator and a motor rotor arranged inside the motor casing and cooperating with each other;

The hydraulic pump assembly includes a cylinder block, a left swash plate, a left plunger reciprocating assembly, a right swash plate, and a right plunger reciprocating assembly. The cylinder block is arranged inside the motor casing and coaxially arranged with the motor casing. The left and right end caps are respectively rotatably matched by rolling bearings, and the cylinder body is connected with the motor rotor to realize synchronous rotation. The left swash plate and the right swash plate are fixedly installed on the left and right end caps respectively, and the left and the right swash plate cooperate with the plunger holes evenly distributed in the left and right ends of the cylinder through the corresponding left and right plunger reciprocating assemblies, and the plunger holes at the left and right ends correspond one by one to form a plurality of plunger holes. right;

A radial force balance member for balancing the radial force on the rolling bearing is provided at the contact portion between the left swash plate and/or the right swash plate and the inner wall of the cylinder.

As a further preference, the radial force balancer is embedded in the thickest part of the left swash plate and/or the right swash plate, the upper surface area of the radial force balancer is S ₁ , the lower surface and the inner wall surface of the cylinder touch.

As a further preference, an oil guide channel and an oil guide hole communicating with the oil guide channel are opened inside the radial force balance member, and an upper concave hole communicated with the oil guide channel is opened on the upper surface of the radial force balance member. The lower surface is provided with a lower groove that communicates with the oil guide channel, and a spring is installed in the upper groove.

As a further preference, the area of the bottom surface of the lower groove is S ₂ , and the area of S ₂ is smaller than S ₁ .

As a further preference, the inclination angles of the left swash plate and the right swash plate are the same, so that the axial forces of the two swash plates on the cylinder block cancel each other out.

As a further preference, the rolling bearings at both ends of the cylinder are large-sized rolling bearings with an inner diameter of 170mm, an outer diameter of 260mm and a width of 42mm.

Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention mainly has the following technical advantages:

1. A radial force balancer is arranged between the left and right swashplates and the contact surface of the cylinder block in the present invention, and the radial force balancer can balance most of the radial forces on the supporting rolling bearings on both sides of the cylinder block, reducing the bearing load. Wear and improve bearing life.

2. The present invention adopts a double swash plate symmetrical structure, and the left and right swash plates have the same inclination angle, which can well offset the axial load of the swash plate on the cylinder body, so that the rolling bearing is not subjected to axial load, further reduces bearing wear, and improves the service life of the bearing .

3. Large-size rolling bearings are used at both ends of the cylinder body of the present invention, which has small frictional resistance and excellent starting performance and load carrying capacity, ensures stable operation, facilitates maintenance, and improves work efficiency.

4. The part of the hydraulic pump in the present invention can be disassembled and refitted, and then it can be connected with a common motor separately and used as a common hydraulic pump.

5. The radial force balance double swash plate plunger type hydraulic motor pump designed by the present invention has the advantages of high speed, large flow rate and high power density.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a radial force balanced double swash plate plunger type hydraulic motor pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of the radial force balancer of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the radial force balancer of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a force analysis diagram of the left swash plate and radial force balancer of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a radial force balanced double swash plate plunger type hydraulic motor pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

In the figure: 1-left end cover, 2-motor shell, 3-rolling bearing, 4-radial force balancer, 5-cylinder body, 6-motor stator, 7-motor rotor, 8-right end cover, 9-right swash plate , 10-right spherical hinge, 11-right plunger, 12-extrusion valve, 13-suction valve, 14-left plunger, 15-left spherical hinge, 16-left swash plate.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.

As shown in Figure 1, a radial force balanced double swash plate plunger type hydraulic motor pump provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a motor assembly and a hydraulic pump assembly, wherein the motor assembly includes a motor housing 2, 2 The left end cover 1 and the right end cover 8 at both ends, the motor stator 6 and the motor rotor 7 which are arranged inside the motor casing 2 and cooperate with each other.

As shown in Figure 1, the hydraulic pump assembly includes a cylinder body 5, a left swash plate 16, a left plunger reciprocating assembly 14, a right swash plate 9 and a right plunger reciprocating assembly 11, and the cylinder body 5 is located inside the motor housing 2 and is located at On the central axis of the motor housing 2, that is, the central axis of the cylinder body 5 coincides with the central bearing of the motor housing 2, that is, the two are coaxially arranged. 1 and the right end cover 8 realize rotatable fit, the cylinder body 5 passes through the motor rotor 7, and is connected with the motor rotor 7 through a key to realize synchronous rotation, and the left swash plate 16 and the right swash plate 9 are respectively fixedly mounted on the left end cover 1 and On the right end cover 8, and the outer wall surface of the left swash plate 16 and the right swash plate 9 are in contact with the inner wall surface of the cylinder body 5, the left swash plate 16 and the right swash plate 9 pass through the corresponding left plunger reciprocating assembly and the right plunger respectively. The reciprocating assembly cooperates with the plunger holes evenly distributed on the left and right end surfaces of the cylinder body 5, and the plunger holes on the left and right end surfaces correspond one by one to form a plurality of plunger pairs; the left swash plate 16 and the right swash plate 9 A radial force balancer 4 is provided at the contact portion with the inner wall of the cylinder body 5 , and the radial force on the rolling bearings 3 at both ends of the cylinder body can be effectively balanced by the radial force balancer 4 .

As shown in Figure 2-4, the radial force balancer 4 is embedded in the part where the thickest part of the swash plate (the left swash plate 16 and the right swash plate 9) contacts the cylinder body, and the upper part of the radial force balancer 4 The surface 46 faces the inner surface of the swash plate, and it serves as an upper support surface. The area of the upper support surface (that is, the upper surface 46 of the radial force balancer ₄ ) is S1. The lower surface of the radial force balancer 4 is in contact with the cylinder body. Inner wall contact.

Specifically, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, the inside of the radial force balance member 4 is provided with an oil introduction channel 41 and an oil introduction hole 42 communicated with the oil introduction channel 41, and the external high-pressure oil (high pressure oil) can be discharged through the oil introduction hole 42 Liquid) is drained into the oil guide channel, the upper surface of the radial force balance member 4 is provided with an upper groove 43, and the lower surface is provided with a lower groove 44, and the upper groove 43 and the lower groove 44 are connected with the oil guide The channel is connected, and the upper groove faces the swash plate, and a spring 45 is installed in it. The spring is in a compressed state, which is used to provide pre-tightening force, and push the radial force balance member against the inner wall of the cylinder to prevent radial force The force balance member shakes, the lower groove faces the inner wall of the cylinder, and the area of the bottom surface 47 of the lower groove is S ₂ . Specifically, due to the effect of the spring preload and the rotating centrifugal force, the radial force balance part is pressed against the inner wall of the cylinder body, so that there is a certain gap on the upper surface of the radial force balance part, so the oil is drained from the oil channel to the radial force balance The high-pressure oil on the upper surface of the radial force balance member acts on the entire upper surface of the radial force balance member, forming an oil film of a certain thickness in the upper surface gap, and because the lower surface of the radial force balance member is pushed against the inner wall of the cylinder, the distance between it and the inner wall of the cylinder There is no gap between them, and it is difficult to form an oil film, so the present invention processes a lower groove on its lower surface, so that the high-pressure oil forms an oil film in the lower groove. More specifically, make S ₁ >S ₂ , so that the force of the high-pressure oil on the upper surface of the radial force balance is greater than the force on the lower surface, thereby generating a resultant force F directed from the upper surface to the lower surface. The direction of the resultant force F is just opposite to the direction of the radial force F _r on the swash plate, so as to offset the radial force.

As shown in Figure 3, the specific working principle of the radial force balance member 4 is: during the rotation of the cylinder, the external high-pressure oil is sent into the oil-introduction channel through the oil-introduction hole, and the high-pressure oil enters the radial force balance through the oil-introduction channel. The upper and lower grooves of the parts, and an upper high-pressure oil surface is formed between the upper support surface and the inside of the swash plate, and a lower high-pressure oil surface is formed between the lower groove and the inner wall of the cylinder. The upper high-pressure oil surface is radial force The balance piece produces a downward force of S ₁ with an area of action, and the high-pressure oil between the lower groove and the inner wall of the cylinder produces an upward force of S ₂ with an area of action on the radial force balance, because S ₁ > S ₂ , so that the combined force of the two is downward, so as to generate a downward force F on the cylinder 5, and the pressure of the high-pressure oil can be adjusted according to the pressure of the transmission medium discharged from the motor pump, so as to balance most of the inclined The radial force Fr exerted by the disks 9 and 16 on the cylinder body 5 reduces the radial force on the rolling bearing 3 . That is, when high-pressure oil is passed into the radial force balance member 4, since the area of the upper surface of the radial force balance member acting on the radial force balance member is greater than the area of the lower groove, the radial force balance member will be tightly pressed. On the inner wall of the cylinder, the liquid in the lower chamber is sealed, so the radial force balancer and the high-pressure oil in the lower groove will give the cylinder a downward resultant force, which balances the radial force generated by most of the swash plate on the cylinder. force, thereby reducing the radial force on the rolling bearings at both ends of the cylinder.

As shown in Figure 4, in the figure, A is the fixed end of the swash plate, B is the working surface of the plunger shoe assembly, and the resultant hydraulic support force of the radial force balancer is F=p(S ₁ -S ₂ )-f, where : S ₁ is the area of the upper support surface, S ₂ is the area of the bottom of the lower groove, p is the high pressure oil pressure, and f is the spring precompression force. The radial force on the swash plate F _r =2tanβA ₀ ∑p _i , where β is the inclination angle of the swash plate, A ₀ is the area of a single plunger, p _i is the pressure in a single plunger cavity, and i is the pressure at one end of the cylinder The serial number of the plunger chamber, for example, there are 13 plunger chambers at the left end of the cylinder, then the maximum value of i is 13, and when i=13, it is the 13th plunger chamber, the resultant hydraulic support force F and the radial force on the swash plate The direction of F _r is opposite, through the introduction of high-pressure oil, the hydraulic support resultant force F balances the radial force F _r .

Specifically, the left swash plate 16 and the right swash plate 9 are symmetrically arranged, and the inclination angles are the same, so that the axial force Fa of the left swash plate 16 and the right swash plate 9 on the cylinder 5 cancels each other, so that the supporting cylinder 5 The rolling bearing 3 does not bear the axial force Fa.

Further, the rolling bearings 3 at both ends of the cylinder body 5 are large-size rolling bearings with an inner diameter of 170 mm, an outer diameter of 260 mm, and a width of 42 mm. Large-size rolling bearings 3 are used at both ends of the cylinder body 5. Compared with the existing ones, the large-size rolling bearings 3 Ordinary bearings can withstand large radial loads, have small frictional resistance and have superior starting performance and load-carrying capacity, ensuring stable operation and easy maintenance.

More specifically, the left plunger reciprocating assembly includes a left return mechanism and a plurality of left plungers 14 that cooperate with a plurality of plunger holes uniformly distributed on the left end of the cylinder body. The left return mechanism includes a return plate and a left spherical hinge 15, The return plate is connected with the left swash plate, and is slidingly matched with a plurality of left plungers 14. The left spherical hinge 15 is a hollow structure, and the head is arc-shaped. together, each left plunger fits with each plunger hole. The structure of the right plunger reciprocating assembly is the same as that of the left plunger reciprocating assembly, including a right return mechanism and a plurality of right plungers 11 that cooperate with a plurality of plunger holes uniformly distributed on the right end of the cylinder body. The right return mechanism includes a return plate and Right spherical hinge 10, the return plate is connected with the right swash plate, and is slidingly matched with a plurality of right plungers 11. The right spherical hinge 10 is a hollow structure, and the head is arc-shaped. The right spherical hinge is arranged at the right end of the cylinder body. Each right plunger is assembled with each plunger hole. The plungers at the left and right ends of the cylinder correspond to each other coaxially to form multiple plunger pairs. The cylinder corresponds to each pair of plungers. There are also a suction valve 13 and a discharge valve 12 connected to the plunger hole for the working medium to enter the cylinder and discharge the cylinder, wherein the suction valve is connected to the plunger hole at the left end of the cylinder, and the discharge valve is connected to the cylinder. The plunger hole at the right end of the body is connected. When the motor is energized and started, the motor rotor 7 drives the cylinder body 5 to rotate synchronously. Under the force of the two swash plates 9, 16 and the return plate mechanism 10, 15, each plunger pair performs periodic reciprocating motion, so that the volume of the plunger hole increases. Periodic changes, so that the corresponding suction valve and suction valve open and close alternately, the working medium on the left side of the cylinder is sucked into the plunger chamber through the suction valve, and the working medium is pressed from the plunger chamber to the right side of the cylinder through the discharge valve , so as to complete the suction and extrusion process of the plunger pump. The working principle of the above-mentioned plunger pump is a conventional technology in the field, therefore, the plunger reciprocating assembly is not limited to the structure defined above, and any structure that can realize the above-mentioned working process is applicable to the present invention.

The working process of the radial force balanced double swash plate plunger type hydraulic motor pump of the present invention will be described below. Referring to FIG. 5, after the motor is powered on, the motor rotor 7 drives the cylinder body 5 to rotate clockwise through a key coupling. Under the joint action of the two swash plates 9, 16 and the left and right return mechanisms 10, 15, each plunger pair completes periodic reciprocating motion in the plunger hole, so that each plunger hole forms a pressure field with alternating high and low; 5 rotation, when the volume of the plunger cavity continues to expand and is in a low pressure field, the valve core of the suction valve 13 of the distribution valve group opens upward, and the transmission medium flows into the corresponding plunger cavity from the suction port at the left end, completing the suction process of the plunger pump ;As the cylinder body 5 continues to rotate, when the volume of the plunger cavity that completes the suction action is continuously reduced, and it is in a high pressure field, the spool of the suction valve 13 is closed and compressed downwards, and the transmission medium passes through the extrusion valve from the plunger cavity. 12 is pressed out from the pressure outlet to realize the pressing action of the plunger pump. During the rotation process, the radial force balance member 4 is fed with high-pressure oil (high-pressure fluid), which generates a downward force F on the cylinder body 5, and then balances most of the swashplates 9 and 16 in the radial direction of the cylinder body 5. The acting force Fr reduces the radial force on the rolling bearing 3 .

The invention has a compact structure, and adopts a radial force balancer to solve the problems of large radial load and serious bearing wear of hydraulic pumps in the past. The use of rolling bearings can effectively reduce friction loss, and the working medium can perform forced convection cooling on the whole motor pump. The present invention adopts a double swash plate structure and a radial force balance member, which can effectively improve the force condition of the rolling bearing supporting the cylinder body, and the key parts are resistant to seawater corrosion. Therefore, the hydraulic pump of the present invention can not only use hydraulic oil, but also use media such as fresh water or sea water as the transmission medium, and is suitable for marine underwater operations.

It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of balanced radial force two inclined plate plunger hydraulic electric-motor pump, which is characterized in that including electric machine assembly and hydraulic pressure pump group Part, wherein:

The electric machine assembly include motor housing (2), be set to motor housing (2) both ends left end cap (1) and right end cap (8) and Set on motor housing (2) inside and mutually matched motor stator (6) and rotor (7);

The hydraulic pump module includes that cylinder body (5), left swash plate (16), left piston reciprocation component, right swash plate (9) and right plunger are reciprocal Component, the cylinder body (5) is set to motor housing (2) inside, and is coaxially disposed with motor housing (2), and both ends pass through the axis of rolling It holds (3) and realizes that rotatable cooperation, the cylinder body (5) are connected with rotor (7) with reality with left end cap (1) and right end cap (8) respectively Now rotating synchronously, the left swash plate (16) and right swash plate (9) are respectively and fixedly installed on left end cap (1) and right end cap (8), and Left swash plate (16) and right swash plate (9) respectively by corresponding left piston reciprocation component (14) and right plunger reciprocating member (11) with Plunger hole of the cloth at cylinder body (5) internal left and right end matches, and each plunger hole of left and right ends is corresponded to form multiple plungers It is right;

The left swash plate (16) and/or right swash plate (9) are provided with cylinder body (5) inner wall contact site for balancing rolling bearing (3) the balanced radial force part (4) of force in radial.

2. balanced radial force two inclined plate plunger hydraulic electric-motor pump as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the radial load Balance element (4) is inlaid in the thickness of left swash plate (16) and/or right swash plate (9), the upper surface area of the balanced radial force part (4) For S₁, lower surface is contacted with inboard wall of cylinder block face.

3. balanced radial force two inclined plate plunger hydraulic electric-motor pump as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the radial load It offers inside balance element (4) and draws oily channel (41) and draw oilhole (42), the balanced radial force with draw that oily channel (41) is connected to The upper groove (43) of oily channel conductive is offered and drawn on the upper surface of part (4), and oily channel conductive is offered and draw on lower surface Lower groove (44), be installed with spring (45) in the upper groove.

4. balanced radial force two inclined plate plunger hydraulic electric-motor pump as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the lower groove Bottom surface (47) area be S₂, the S₂Less than S₁。

5. balanced radial force two inclined plate plunger hydraulic electric-motor pump according to any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that institute State that left swash plate (16) is identical with the angle of inclination of right swash plate (9), so that two swash plates mutually support the axial force of cylinder body (5) Disappear.

6. balanced radial force two inclined plate plunger hydraulic electric-motor pump as described in any one in claim 1-5, which is characterized in that institute The rolling bearing (3) for stating cylinder body (5) both ends is large scale rolling bearing, and internal diameter 170mm, outer diameter 260mm, width is 42mm。