CN108680094A - Icing sensor and method for detecting ice coating based on air Yu ice resistance characteristic difference - Google Patents

Abstract

The ice sensor based on the difference of air and ice resistance characteristics disclosed by the present invention includes an ice sensor, which is connected to a digital processing circuit, and the circuit includes a main control chip and an A\D conversion module, and the main control chip includes a reset module, RTC timing module, data storage module, voltage conversion module and data communication module, and the ice sensor is connected to the main control chip through the A\D conversion module. The invention also discloses a detection method for ice coating. First, the ice coating sensor is installed on the power transmission wire, and the data monitoring background sends a signal to the main control chip, and the main control chip controls the contact pair and the temperature sensor to measure the resistance value of each contact position and temperature, and then judge the medium at the contact position according to the obtained resistance value and temperature, and send it to the data monitoring background, and the data monitoring background draws the shape of the ice coating to calculate the thickness of the ice coating. The invention solves the problem that the ice coating monitoring technology cannot accurately monitor the thickness and shape of the line ice coating.

Description

Ice sensor and ice detection method based on the difference between air and ice resistance characteristics

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ice coating measurement of power transmission lines, and relates to an ice coating sensor and an ice coating detection method based on the difference in resistance characteristics between air and ice.

Background technique

Under freezing rain or ice and snow conditions, the icing of suspended transmission lines, fixed towers of high-voltage transmission lines, offshore drilling platforms, surfaces of buildings or various equipment, suspended supports, branches, etc. can often cause huge disaster consequences. At the beginning of 2008, southern my country encountered a rare ice and snow disaster. The continuous freezing rain made many power transmission wires and towers covered with ice with a thickness of 50-100mm, which greatly exceeded the technical standard for bearing ice thickness of general power transmission networks, resulting in The collapse of electric towers and the large-scale paralysis of the power transmission network have caused a series of problems such as traffic jams, poor communication, power outages and water outages, and destruction of trees. According to statistics, the direct losses caused by ice and snow disasters are as high as 253.05 billion yuan. Realize the accurate detection of the ice thickness of the power transmission line or tower, and then take effective preventive measures to avoid disasters caused by ice and heavy snow. The current line ice monitoring is mainly based on mechanical sensors, which mainly measure the equivalent ice thickness, and cannot accurately measure the ice thickness and shape.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an icing sensor based on the difference between air and ice resistance characteristics, which solves the problem that the existing power transmission line icing monitoring technology cannot accurately monitor the line ice thickness and shape.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an ice detection method of an ice sensor based on the difference in resistance characteristics between air and ice.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is that the ice sensor based on the difference in resistance characteristics between air and ice includes an ice sensing sensor, one end of the ice sensing sensor is connected to a digital processing circuit through a wire, and the digital processing circuit includes an insulating shell, an insulating shell The main control chip and A/D conversion module are fixed inside. The main control chip includes a reset module, an RTC timing module, a data storage module, a voltage conversion module and a data communication module. The data communication module uses 485 levels as the data output interface. The ice sensing sensor transmits signals to the main control chip through the A\D conversion module;

The ice-covered sensing sensor consists of two semi-circular insulating plates. There are several contact pairs on one side of the semi-circular insulating plates. The contact pairs are connected to the control decoding gating module and the voltage processing and acquisition module. A number of temperature sensors are fixedly connected to the surface on the other side, the number of temperature sensors and contact pairs is the same, and the temperature sensors are all connected to the control decoding gating module.

Other features of the present invention are also that,

Each contact pair includes a number of metal contacts, the metal contacts are respectively fixed on the surface of the two semi-circular insulating plates, and evenly distributed around the surface of the two semi-circular insulating plates, respectively located on the surface of the two semi-circular insulating plates The number of metal contacts on the sensor is the same, and the position of the temperature sensor corresponds to the position of the metal contacts.

There is a groove on the bottom surface of the semicircular insulating plate, the cross section of the groove is semicircular, the center of the groove coincides with the center of the semicircular insulating plate, and the radius of the groove is smaller than the radius of the semicircular insulating plate.

The insulating shell is in the shape of a cube, and a through groove is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the cube. The cross section of the through groove is semicircular, and the radius of the semicircle is equal to the radius of the groove.

Another technical solution adopted by the present invention is a method for detecting ice coating using the above-mentioned ice coating sensor based on the difference in resistance characteristics between air and ice, and the specific operation steps are as follows:

Step 1. Install a digital ice sensor on the transmission line;

Step 2. The digital icing sensor is powered on and started, and the data monitoring background sends the numerical information to be set to the main control chip of the digital icing sensor, and the main control chip classifies and processes the received numerical information commands;

Step 3. The main control chip of the digital ice coating sensor sends an acquisition command to the ice coating sensing sensor according to the classified and processed data information, and the contact pair and temperature sensor on the ice coating sensor detect the resistance value and temperature of the medium on the transmission line. And upload the detected resistance value and temperature value of the medium on the transmission line to the main control chip, and the main control chip compares the obtained resistance value with the historical data, so as to judge whether the medium at the contact position on the transmission line is ice or Air;

Step 4. The main control chip sends the media information of the judged position of the contact pair on the transmission wire to the data monitoring background, and the data monitoring background draws the shape map of the ice coating on the transmission line.

The specific operation of installing the digital ice sensor in step 1 is as follows: First, the groove parts of the digital ice sensor are clamped at any position on the power transmission wire to fix them, and then the digital ice sensor and the ice sensor are connected wirelessly. The ice monitoring device is connected, and finally the ice monitoring device is connected with the data monitoring background to control the digital ice sensor to be powered on and started.

The specific operation of step 2 is as follows:

After the digital wire icing sensor is powered on and started, the reset module first performs a reset operation to reset all thresholds, then monitors the background through the operation data, and sets the threshold of ice thickness according to the diameter and load-bearing capacity of the transmission wire. The growth rate and difficulty of ice on the line set the data collection time interval of 4-10min and the data upload time interval of 1.5-3h, set the temperature alarm threshold and sensor time according to the environmental conditions of the transmission line, and then communicate through 485 The data signal is transmitted to the data communication module of the digital ice sensor, and then transmitted to the main control chip. The main control chip judges the received data signal. If it is a threshold and time interval command, it will be automatically stored in the data storage module. , if it is the sensor time, set the time of the RTC timing module to ensure that the digital ice sensor is consistent with the external time.

The specific operation of step 3 is as follows:

Step 3.1 The main control chip periodically sends an on signal to the control decoding gating module of the ice sensing sensor according to the received data collection time interval, and controls the decoding gating module to control the contact pair and temperature of the ice sensing sensor. The sensor is connected in pairs one by one according to the distance from the wire from near to far, and the resistance of ice and air on each position on the wire is measured through the contact pair, and the temperature around the wire is measured through the temperature sensor;

Step 3.2 The ice-covered sensing sensor uploads the measured resistance value to the voltage processing and acquisition module, and the voltage processing and acquisition module converts the resistance value into a voltage that can be recognized by the A\D conversion module, and then transmits it to the main control through the A\D conversion module chip, the main control chip calculates the resistance of the circuit through Ohm’s law and the principle of voltage division, so as to obtain the resistance of the medium measured by the contact pair (9); the ice coating sensing sensor directly transmits the measured temperature value to the main control chip, and then The main control chip obtains the resistance and temperature data of ice and air on the transmission line transmitted by the ice detection sensor, and stores the data in the data storage module;

Step 3.3 The main control chip compares and analyzes the resistance value of the acquired ice-covered and air resistance and temperature data in the vicinity of the wire with the historical data in the data storage module through a comparison algorithm. If there is an obvious mutation point in the resistance value data, the mutation position is is the junction of ice and air, otherwise it is air.

The specific operation of step 4 is as follows:

After the main control chip determines the medium between the contact pairs in the ice sensing sensor, the main control chip transmits the medium information between the contact pairs through the data communication module according to the data upload time interval or the data transmission signal sent by the data monitoring background. It is transmitted to the data monitoring background, and the data monitoring background marks the medium information of different contact positions on the ice sensing sensor according to the position of the contact on the ice sensing sensor and the obtained medium information between the contact pairs, and draws The graph of the ice coating on the wire, and the position and thickness of the ice coating can be obtained from the graph.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, based on the ice sensor and ice detection method based on the difference in air and ice resistance characteristics, the digital wire ice sensor includes an ice detection sensor, and a large number of pairs of contacts are arranged around the wire And the temperature sensor, through the CPU and the decoding gating module inside the sensor, the contact pairs around the near and far pairs of wires and the temperature sensor at the equivalent distance are energized. Ice and air have different resistance characteristics, and the measured The resistance value and temperature value of the medium between the ice-covered and air contact pairs will be quite different. After all the data is collected by the control chip, the calculation and analysis can obtain the measurement of the ice-covered thickness and shape of the transmission line. The ice coating measurement sensor is equipped with a storage module inside, which can perform operations such as ice coating measurement and data storage by itself after the sensor is powered on. The operation of setting the collection time interval, timing, and reading the historical information can be realized for the ice coating measurement sensor through the externally connected control chip.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of the shell structure of the ice-coated sensor in the ice-coated sensor based on the difference in air and ice resistance characteristics and the ice-coated detection method of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the digital circuit of the ice sensor and the ice sensing sensor in the ice sensor based on the difference in air and ice resistance characteristics and the ice detection method of the present invention;

3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the ice-covered sensing sensor in the ice-covered sensor based on the difference in air and ice resistance characteristics and the ice-covered detection method of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the ice sensor and the ice detection method based on the difference in air and ice resistance characteristics of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the position distribution of the contacts in the ice sensing sensor;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the position distribution of ice-coated and non-ice-coated positions marked by the main control chip;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the icing shape drawn by the data monitoring background.

In the figure, 1. Main control chip, 2. Reset module, 3. RTC timing module, 4. Data storage module, 5. Voltage conversion module, 6. Data communication module, 7. A\D conversion module, 8. Ice coating Sensing sensor, 9. Measuring contact pair, 10. Temperature sensor, 11. Decoding gating module, 12. Voltage processing and acquisition module, 13. Ice coating measurement sensor, 14. Analog wire, 15. Ice coating on analog wire , 16. Monitoring device, 17. Data monitoring background.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The ice sensor of the present invention based on the difference in resistance characteristics between air and ice has schematic structural views shown in Figures 1 and 2, and includes an ice sensing sensor 8. One end of the ice sensing sensor 8 is connected to a digital processing circuit through a wire, and the digital processing circuit includes An insulating shell, a main control chip 1 and an A\D conversion module 7 are fixed inside the insulating shell, the main control chip 1 includes a reset module 2, an RTC timing module 3, a data storage module 4, a voltage conversion module 5 and a data communication module 6, The ice sensing sensor 8 transmits a signal to the main control chip 1 through the A/D conversion module 7 .

The ice-covered sensing sensor 8 includes two semicircular insulating plates, as shown in Figure 3, a number of contact pairs 9 are arranged on the surface of one side of the semicircular insulating plates, and the contact pairs 9 are all connected to the control decoding gating module 11 and The voltage processing acquisition module 12, the control decoding gating module 11 and the voltage processing acquisition module 12 are affixed in the inside of the semi-circular insulating plate, and are connected with the A\D conversion module 7 of the digital processing circuit, and the semi-circular insulating plate Several temperature sensors 10 are fixedly connected to the surface of the other side. The number of temperature sensors 10 and contact pairs 9 is the same.

There is a groove on the bottom surface of the semicircular insulating plate, the cross section of the groove is semicircular, the center of the groove coincides with the center of the semicircular insulating plate, and the radius of the groove is smaller than the radius of the semicircular insulating plate.

The contact pair 9 includes a number of metal contacts, the metal contacts are respectively fixed on the surface of the two semi-circular insulating plates, and are evenly distributed around the surface of the semi-circular insulating plates, and the metal contacts on the surfaces of the two semi-circular insulating plates respectively The number of contacts is the same.

The insulating casing is in the form of a cube, and a through groove is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the cube. The cross section of the through groove is semicircular, and the radius of the semicircle is equal to the radius of the groove.

The temperature sensors 10 are in one-to-one correspondence with the positions of the metal contacts.

The main control chip 1 is an STM8L single-chip microcomputer.

The data communication module 6 uses 485 level as the data output interface.

The main control chip 1 is mainly used for gating and data collection of the ice sensing sensor 8, based on the data collected by the sensor, and storing the measurement data in the data storage module 4. Pre-warning value or sending time, the measurement data and alarm data are converted into 485 level through the data communication module 6, and the data is sent to the data monitoring background 17, and the data monitoring background 17 performs the judgment of the ice thickness and shape according to the obtained data, Display, realize the measurement of the thickness and shape of ice coating on the transmission line; reset module 2, used to ensure the normal operation of the program in the sensor and realize the reset of the sensor, to ensure that the sensor has software and hardware problems during long-term operation or the host computer sends a reset command time, it can realize automatic reset and realize the stable operation of the sensor; RTC timing module 3 is used to realize the time record of the sensor, keep the consistency between the record time of the sensor data and the time of the background device, and increase the accuracy of data transmission; data storage Module 4 is used to store the historical data and alarm information obtained by the sensor. The storage content includes time and icing conditions. When the external device needs to read the historical data, it can also realize the alarm threshold, sending interval, etc. The storage of user-defined data ensures that the user-defined data is still saved after power failure or reset; the voltage conversion module 5 realizes the voltage stabilization of the external terminal and provides guarantee for the safe operation of the sensor; the data communication module 6 adopts 485 The level is used as a data transmission interface, which is convenient for data exchange between sensors and devices, and ensures accurate and timely uploading of monitoring data and alarm information;

The decoding gating module 11 of the ice-covered sensing sensor 8 is used for gating the temperature sensor for measuring the medium resistive contact and measuring the temperature, and adopts the method of gating one by one from near to far in a clockwise direction from the wire to realize Acquisition and analysis of each position data from near to far away from the wire; the sensor contact pair 9 and the temperature sensor 10 are used to realize the monitoring of whether the wire is covered with ice, as shown in Figure 2, at first the contact pair 9.1 and The temperature sensor 10.1 is energized, and the resistance between the contacts is converted into a voltage signal through the voltage processing acquisition module 12, and is transmitted to the main control chip 1 through the A\D conversion module 7 to realize the medium resistance between the contact pair 9.1 and the temperature signal of the temperature sensor 10.1 Then select 9.2 and 10.2 to collect data in turn, and so on. After all contact pairs and temperature sensors collect data, the specific parameters of ice coating around the wire can be obtained, and the monitoring of ice coating around the wire can be realized; voltage The processing and acquisition module 12 is used for converting the resistance of the medium between the contact pairs into a voltage, divides the resistance according to the principle of the voltage dividing circuit, and converts the voltage into a voltage that can be directly measured by the main control chip 1 .

The present invention is an ice-covered sensor based on the difference in resistance characteristics between air and ice. When it is in the air, it will have different resistance and different temperature. It can directly measure the resistance and temperature value between the contact pairs at different distances from the wire. When it is filled with ice and air, the data will be significantly different. Through the corresponding contact pair The resistance value of the medium and the corresponding temperature value, the main control chip 1 judges whether the contact position is covered with ice, and stores the measured data and results in the data storage module 4, and the main control chip 1 according to the sending time in the RTC timing module or When the ice coating thickness reaches the threshold, the data communication module 6 sends data to the data monitoring background 17, and the data monitoring background 17 directly draws the actual shape of the ice coating on the transmission line, and intuitively displays the monitoring results of the ice coating thickness and ice coating shape .

An ice detection method based on the above-mentioned ice sensor based on the difference in air and ice resistance characteristics, the specific operation steps are as follows:

Step 1. Install a digital ice sensor on the transmission line;

Step 2. The digital ice-covered sensor is powered on and started, and the data monitoring background 17 sends the numerical information to be set to the main control chip 1 of the digital ice-covered sensor, and the main control chip 1 classifies and processes the received numerical information commands;

Step 3. The main control chip 1 of the digital ice sensor sends an acquisition command to the ice sensing sensor 8 according to the classified and processed data information, and the contact pair 9 and the temperature sensor 10 on the ice sensing sensor 8 detect the The condition of the medium, and upload the detected resistance value and temperature value of the medium on the transmission line to the main control chip 1, and the main control chip 1 compares the obtained resistance value with the historical data, thereby judging the position of the contact pair 9 on the transmission wire The medium is ice or air;

Step 4. The main control chip 1 sends the media information of the judged position of the contact pair 9 on the transmission wire to the data monitoring background 17, and the data monitoring background 17 draws a shape map of the icing on the transmission line.

The specific operation of installing the digital icing sensor in step 1 is as follows: First, the groove parts of the digital icing sensor are clamped at any position on the power transmission wire to fix them, and then the digital icing sensor is connected wirelessly. Connect with the ice coating monitoring device 16, and finally connect the ice coating monitoring device 16 with the data monitoring background 17, as shown in Fig. 4, control the digital ice coating sensor to power on and start.

The specific operation of step 2 is as follows:

After the digital wire icing sensor is powered on and started, the reset module 2 first performs a reset operation to reset all thresholds, and then monitors the background 17 through the operation data, and sets the threshold of the ice thickness according to the diameter and load-bearing capacity of the transmission wire. Set the data collection time interval of 4-10min and the data upload time interval of 1.5-3h according to the growth rate and difficulty of ice on the transmission line, set the temperature alarm threshold and sensor time according to the environmental conditions of the transmission line, and then pass The 485 communication method transmits the data signal to the data communication module 6 of the digital ice sensor, and then transmits it to the main control chip 1, and the main control chip 1 judges the received data signal, and if it is a threshold and time interval command, it will automatically store In the data storage module 4, if it is the sensor time, the time of the RTC timing module 3 is set to ensure that the digital icing sensor is consistent with the external time;

The specific operation of step 3 is as follows:

Step 3.1 The main control chip 1 periodically sends an on signal to the control decoding gating module 11 of the ice-covering sensing sensor 8 according to the received data collection time interval, and controls the decoding gating module 11 to the ice-covering sensing sensor 8. The contact pair 9 and the temperature sensor 10 are connected one by one in a clockwise order according to the distance from the wire, and the resistance of the ice and air on each position on the wire is measured through the contact pair 9, and the temperature sensor 10 is used to measure the resistance of the wire ambient temperature;

Step 3.2 The ice-covered sensing sensor 8 uploads the measured resistance value to the voltage processing and acquisition module 12, and the voltage processing and acquisition module 12 converts the resistance value into a voltage that can be recognized by the A\D conversion module 7, and then, through the A\D conversion module 7 is transmitted to the main control chip 1, and the main control chip 1 calculates the resistance of the circuit through Ohm's law and the principle of voltage division, so as to obtain the resistance of the medium measured by the contact pair 9; the ice-covered sensing sensor 8 directly transmits the measured temperature value To the main control chip 1, and then, the main control chip 1 acquires the resistance and temperature data of ice and air on the power transmission line transmitted by the ice-covered sensing sensor 8, and stores the data in the data storage module 4;

Step 3.3 The main control chip 1 compares and analyzes the resistance value of the acquired ice and air resistance and temperature data near the wire with the historical data in the data storage module 4 through a comparison algorithm. Since the resistance characteristics of ice and air are significantly different, Therefore, there will be an obvious mutation point between the measured ice data and air data, and the mutation location is the junction of ice and air. If there is an obvious mutation point in the resistance value data, the mutation location is the junction of ice and air. Otherwise it is air. Assuming that the position of the sensor contact is shown in Figure 5, mark the iced position of the sensor contact as "1" and the uniced position as "0", and the marking result is assumed to be as shown in Figure 6, which is for convenience. After restoring the contact position of the sensor, the mark inside the sensor is the mark of the icing position and the non-icing position.

The specific operation of step 4 is as follows:

After the main control chip 1 judges the medium between the contact pairs 9 in the ice-covered sensing sensor 8, the main control chip 1 transmits the data between the contact pairs 9 according to the data upload time interval or the data transmission signal sent by the data monitoring background 17. The medium information is transmitted to the data monitoring background 17 through the data communication module 6, and the data monitoring background 17 is based on the position of the contacts on the ice-covering sensing sensor 8 and the obtained medium information between the contact pairs 9, and the different touch points on the ice-covering sensing sensor 8 Mark the medium information of the point position, and draw the graph of the ice coating on the wire, as shown in Figure 7, and get the position and thickness of the ice coating from the graph.

Claims (9)

1. the icing sensor based on air Yu ice resistance characteristic difference, which is characterized in that including icing detecting sensor (8), One end of the icing detecting sensor (8) is connected by conducting wire with digitized processing circuit, the digitized processing circuit packet Include insulation crust, be connected with inside the insulation crust main control chip (1) and A D conversion modules (7), the main control chip (1) Including reseting module (2), RTC timing modules (3), data memory module (4), voltage transformation module (5) and data communication module (6), using 485 level as data output interface, the icing detecting sensor (8) passes through the data communication module (6) The A D conversion modules (7) transmit a signal to the main control chip (1)；

The icing detecting sensor (8) includes two semicircular ring insulation boards, and one side surface of semicircular ring insulation board is provided with If dry contact is all connected with control decoding gating module (11) and voltage processing acquisition module (12) to (9), the contact to (9), If the also affixed dry temperature sensor (10) in another side surface of the semicircular ring insulation board, the temperature sensor (10) and described Contact is consistent to the number of (9), and the temperature sensor (10) is all connected with the control decoding gating module (11).

2. the icing sensor based on air Yu ice resistance characteristic difference as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described every A contact includes several metal contacts to (9), and the metal contact is respectively and fixedly connected to two semicircular rings insulation plate surfaces, and around Described two semicircular ring insulation plate surfaces are uniformly distributed, the metal contact being located in two semicircular ring insulation plate surfaces Number is consistent, and the temperature sensor (10) and the position of the metal contact correspond.

3. the icing sensor based on air Yu ice resistance characteristic difference as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that described half Annulus insulation board bottom surface is provided with groove, and the cross section semicircular in shape of the groove, the center of circle of the groove and the semicircular ring are exhausted The center of circle of listrium overlaps, and the radius of groove is less than the radius of the semicircular ring insulation board.

4. the icing sensor based on air Yu ice resistance characteristic difference as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that described exhausted Edge shell is in cube, and straight slot, the cross section semicircular in shape of the straight slot, the semicircle are provided among the cube bottom surface Radius be equal to the groove radius.

5. a kind of examined using the icing sensor icing based on air and ice resistance characteristic difference as described in claim 3 or 4 The method of survey, which is characterized in that concrete operation step is as follows：

Step 1. installs digital icing sensor on transmission line of electricity；

The digital icing sensor electrifying startup of step 2., data monitoring backstage (17), which is sent, needs the numerical information set to institute The main control chip (1) of digital icing sensor is stated, main control chip (1) carries out the numerical information order received at classification Reason；

The main control chip (1) of the digital icing sensor of step 3. according to classification treated data information send acquisition to Icing detecting sensor (8), the contact on icing sensor (8) on (9) and temperature sensor (10) detection transmission line of electricity to being situated between The resistance value and temperature of matter, and the resistance value of medium and temperature value on the transmission line of electricity detected are uploaded to main control chip (1), Main control chip (1) compares obtained resistance value with historical data, to judge transmission pressure upper contact to (9) position Medium be ice or air；

The transmission pressure upper contact that step 4. main control chip (1) will determine that out is sent to data to the medium information of (9) position The icing shape graph on transmission line of electricity is drawn on monitoring backstage (17), data monitoring backstage (17).

6. the side that a kind of icing sensor icing as claimed in claim 5 based on air and ice resistance characteristic difference detects Method, which is characterized in that the concrete operations that digital icing sensor is installed in the step 1 are as follows：It first will be described digital The groove part of icing sensor is stuck in any position on transmission pressure, then will by way of wireless connection with fixation Digital icing sensor is connect with device for monitoring icing (16), finally by device for monitoring icing (16) and data monitoring backstage (17) it connects, controls digital icing sensor electrifying startup.

7. the side that a kind of icing sensor icing as claimed in claim 5 based on air and ice resistance characteristic difference detects Method, which is characterized in that the concrete operations of the step 2 are as follows：

After digital wire icing sensor electrifying startup, reset operation is first carried out in the reseting module (2), by all threshold values It resets, then, by operating the data monitoring backstage (17), icing is set according to the diameter of transmission pressure and bearing capacity ability The threshold value of thickness, according to the growth rate of icing on transmission line of electricity and complexity setting data collection interval 4-10min With data uplink time interval 1.5-3h, according to transmission line of electricity local environment situation set temperature alarm threshold value and sensor when Between, then data-signal is transmitted to the data communication module (6) of digital icing sensor, Jin Erchuan by 485 communication modes It is defeated by main control chip (1), main control chip (1) judges the data-signal received, is ordered if it is threshold value and time interval It enables, is then automatically stored in the data memory module (4), if it is sensor time, then to the RTC timing modules (3) Time be configured, ensure that digital icing sensor is consistent with the extraneous time.

8. the side that a kind of icing sensor icing as claimed in claim 5 based on air and ice resistance characteristic difference detects Method, which is characterized in that the concrete operations of the step 3 are as follows：

Step 3.1 main control chip (1) is according to the data collection interval received, regularly to the icing detecting sensor (8) control decoding gating module (11), which is sent, connects signal, and the control decoding gating module (11) perceives the icing The contact of sensor (8) to (9) and temperature sensor (10) according to distance of wire from the near to the remote, successively by connecting, lead to Cross contact on (9) measure traverse line on each position icing and air resistance, pass through temperature sensor (10) measure traverse line week The temperature enclosed；

The resistance value measured is uploaded to the voltage processing acquisition module (12), institute by step 3.2 icing detecting sensor (8) State voltage processing acquisition module (12) by resistance value be converted into the A the voltage that can identify of D conversion modules (7) then lead to Cross A D conversion modules (7) be transferred to main control chip (1), main control chip (1) calculates circuit by Ohm's law and voltage divider principle Resistance, to obtain the resistance for the medium that contact measures (9)；Icing detecting sensor (8) is straight by the temperature value measured It connects and is transferred to main control chip (1), and then main control chip (1) obtains icing on the transmission line of electricity that icing detecting sensor (8) transmits With the resistance and temperature data of air, and store data in data memory module (4)；

Step 3.3 main control chip (1) is by the resistance and temperature data data and data of icing near the conducting wire of acquisition and air Historical data in memory module (4) analyzes resistance value by comparing algorithm comparison, if apparent dash forward occurs in resistance Value Data Height, then mutated site is at icing and air interface, is otherwise air.

9. the side that a kind of icing sensor icing as claimed in claim 5 based on air and ice resistance characteristic difference detects Method, which is characterized in that the concrete operations of the step 4 are as follows：

Main control chip (1) judges in icing detecting sensor (8) after medium of the contact between (9), main control chip (1) basis Data uplink time interval or data monitoring backstage (17) send transmission data signal, by contact between (9) medium Information is transferred to data monitoring backstage (17) by data communication module (6), and data monitoring backstage (17) perceives according to icing and passes The medium information of the position of sensor (8) upper contact and obtained contact between (9), to different on icing detecting sensor (8) The medium information of contact position is marked, and draws out the figure of conducting wire overlying ice condition condition, and the position of icing is obtained from figure It sets and thickness.