CN108638759A - A kind of tire hot quantity management method and intelligent tire - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of tire hot quantity management method and intelligent tires, in tire high-temperature area, thermoelectric material is set, thermoelectric material is connect with sensor, and thermoelectric material converts the waste heat that tire generates to electricity usage of the electric energy for sensor use or with vehicle electric system integration for automobile other component.The present invention is by the way that thermoelectric material device to be applied among various intelligent tires, the temperature of tire is effectively reduced when realizing tire running, reduce thermal pollution, extend the service life of tire, and convert tire waste heat to the electric energy used for intelligence sensor, which can be applied to the tire on various vehicles.

Description

A tire heat management method and intelligent tire

technical field

The invention relates to a new type of green smart tire with thermoelectric materials, which can be applied to tires on various vehicles, and is especially suitable for pneumatic smart tires and new concept smart tires, which can effectively reduce the temperature of tire shoulders, reduce the Thermal pollution, extending tire life and converting heat into electricity to power smart sensors.

Background technique

Since the 1990s, energy conversion materials have become a new research hotspot. Thermoelectric materials can use temperature gradients to convert the thermal energy of materials into electrical energy without generating greenhouse gas emissions, showing great advantages in waste heat utilization and self-sustaining power generation. Thermoelectric materials themselves have no noise, no pollution, and a recycling system Energy emitted in the form of heat, thermoelectric material power generation is considered to be one of the most promising green energy technologies, playing a key role in achieving global sustainable development.

The temperature increases gradually as the tire rolls. The temperature rise mainly comes from two aspects: on the one hand, the friction heat between the tire and the road surface, and on the other hand, the heat generated by the special hysteresis loss of the rubber material. For the latter, from a microscopic point of view, the molecular chain of the rubber material is affected by internal friction during the rolling cycle of the tire. When an external force acts, the movement of the polymer chain cannot keep up with the change of the external force, causing the strain to lag behind the stress. There is a phase difference between the two. The rubber material needs to overcome the internal friction between molecules to do work during its deformation and recovery process. This part of the work will be lost in the form of heat, resulting in hysteresis heat generation. The hysteresis heat generation of the rubber material makes its internal The heat keeps building up. When the tire reaches steady state rolling at a speed of 100km/h, the temperature at the shoulder of the tire can reach 127.8°C, and the temperature difference with the adjacent area can reach 40°C. Long-term high temperature can cause the rubber material to soften and accelerate thermal degradation, causing the tire to appear empty shoulder, A series of problems such as shoulder cracks and tread wear.

Tires are gradually developing in the direction of intelligence and greenness, and more and more electronic devices such as various sensors are used in tires. The application of thermoelectric materials in tires can improve energy utilization, reduce tire temperature, and at the same time provide stable and sufficient power to electronic equipment, making technical preparations for the large-scale application of electronic equipment to tires, and the power generated can also be applied to automobiles. among other components. Therefore, thermoelectric materials have broad application prospects in tires.

Contents of the invention

The present invention proposes a tire heat management method. A thermoelectric material is installed in the high-temperature area of the tire, and the thermoelectric material is connected to a sensor. The thermoelectric material converts the waste heat generated by the tire into electrical energy for use by the sensor or is integrated with the vehicle power system to supply power to other parts of the vehicle. use.

The present invention is not limited to a specific type of thermoelectric material, the hot end of the thermoelectric material and the cold end of the thermoelectric material form a temperature gradient, and drive two equal quantities of electrons in the conduction band and holes in the valence band of the thermoelectric material The electromotive force is formed, and the cold end of the thermoelectric material is connected with a wire to generate electric energy. After the electric energy is stored, it is connected with a wire or wireless charging technology to supply power to the sensor or to connect with the vehicle power system. It is particularly preferred that the thermoelectric material is P/N type Semiconductor thermoelectric materials. .

The thermoelectric material is arranged at least one of the tire tread groove bottom, the tire bead triangular filling rubber part, or the tire inner tire shoulder part.

The thermoelectric material is a ring structure surrounding the tire or a block structure surrounding the tire.

The thermoelectric material is fixed in at least one of the following ways:

1) Using an adhesive as a fixed part of the thermoelectric material, the thermoelectric material device is directly bonded to the tire carcass;

2) The thermoelectric material device is directly vulcanized into the tire during the tire vulcanization stage;

3) A support is placed inside the tire to fix the thermoelectric material;

4) The rubber material is used to wrap and fix the thermoelectric material inside the tire.

The present invention also provides a pneumatic smart tire equipped with thermoelectric materials, including a radial or bias tire carcass, a thermoelectric material device, a thermoelectric material device fixing device, and an intelligent sensor. The power storage device is connected to the power storage device through a wire, and the power storage device is connected to the smart sensor or the vehicle power system through a wire or wireless charging technology. The thermoelectric material converts the waste heat generated by the tire into electric energy for use by the smart sensor or integrated with the vehicle power system. The power usage of other parts of the car can be applied to tires on various vehicles, especially for pneumatic smart tires and new concept smart tires, which can effectively reduce the temperature of tire shoulders, prolong tire life and convert heat energy into electrical energy Power the smart sensor.

The thermoelectric material is arranged at least one of the tire tread groove bottom, the tire bead triangular filling rubber part, or the tire inner tire shoulder part.

The thermoelectric material is a ring structure surrounding the tire or a block structure surrounding the tire.

The thermoelectric material is fixed in at least one of the following ways:

1) Using an adhesive as a fixed part of the thermoelectric material, the thermoelectric material device is directly bonded to the tire carcass;

2) The thermoelectric material device is directly vulcanized into the tire during the tire vulcanization stage;

3) A support is placed inside the tire to fix the thermoelectric material;

4) The rubber material is used to wrap and fix the thermoelectric material inside the tire.

Specifically, a pneumatic smart tire equipped with thermoelectric materials includes a tire carcass 10, which refers to a traditional radial or diagonal pneumatic tire carcass, thermoelectric material devices 21 to 23, thermoelectric material device fixing parts 31 to 35 and smart tires. sensor 50. When the tire is rolling, there is friction with the road surface. Under the action of frictional heat, the temperature of the tire tread 11 rises, and there is a large temperature difference with the surrounding materials. It is suitable to install the filling pattern on the bottom part of the tread pattern groove area 12 Groove type thermoelectric material device 21; in addition, when the tire is rolling in a steady state, the bead part 13 produces a high temperature zone 42 due to the lagging heat generation of the rubber material, and there is a large temperature gradient, which is suitable for placing the bead area thermoelectric material device 22 in the triangle filler. In addition, when the tire is rolling, the tire shoulder part 14 generates the most heat, and there is an obvious area 41 with a large temperature gradient. It is suitable to place an internal hanging thermoelectric material device 23 at the tire shoulder part. In addition, thermoelectric materials in the shape of rings in FIG. 9 or block shapes in FIG. 10 can be placed in the grooves 12 , beads 13 and shoulders 14 . In addition, when placing the thermoelectric material device, the thermoelectric material device can be fixed by means of semi-embedded 31 , pre-embedded 32 , adhesive 33 , placement support 34 and rubber material coating 35 .

It is placed in the tread pattern groove area 12 of the tire, the bead part 13 where the apex rubber is partially replaced, and the tire shoulder part 14 according to the high temperature areas 41 and 42 generated by the rubber material hysteresis and heat generation when the tire is running; the thermoelectric material The fixed part of the device adopts different installation methods 31-35 according to the working environment of different placement positions of the thermoelectric material device.

Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a new concept green smart tire, including a device equipped with a thermoelectric material and a sensor device, wherein the position selection method and fixing method of the above thermoelectric material device are applicable to the implementation of the new concept tire In the example, the same technical effect can also be achieved.

The working principle of the invention: Common thermoelectric materials include metal alloys, semiconductors, polymers and other types. Referring to Figure 2 below, the thermoelectric conversion mechanism of P/N semiconductor materials is used as an example to introduce the application of thermoelectric materials in tires. working principle. During the rolling process of the tire, a high-temperature area is generated, specifically corresponding to the high-temperature areas 41, 42, and 43 at different positions of the tire. A huge temperature gradient is formed between the hot end 200 of the thermoelectric material and the cold end 203 of the thermoelectric material, driving the thermoelectric material in the conduction band. The electrons and the holes in the valence band form an electromotive force, and the electric energy is generated after connecting the circuit with the wire 205 . Among them, in the N-type semiconductor 201, the negatively charged electrons mainly participate in the conduction. These electrons mainly come from the impurity atoms in the semiconductor. Under the action of thermal excitation, the free electrons move directionally to the cold end of the thermoelectric material to form an electronic current; the P-type Positively charged holes are mainly involved in conduction in the semiconductor 202 . Under the action of thermal excitation, a small number of free electrons move among the majority of holes. It seems that the holes move directionally, forming a hole current. The electric energy generated in the circuit is stored in the electric storage device 204, and supplies power to the sensor 50 through wire connection or wireless charging technology. The sensor 50 can be applied to monitoring tire pressure, temperature detection, vibration sensing and other aspects according to the development needs of smart tires.

There are two options for the processing of this invention: one is to process the thermoelectric material device and the tire separately, add a process after the tire is processed, and fix the thermoelectric material device to the designated position by means of adhesive or placing a support , the processing method is simple, the production efficiency is high, and it is beneficial to industrialized production. The second option is to place thermoelectric material devices in the tire production process by covering or embedding them in rubber. The thermoelectric material devices are vulcanized together with the tires. The products obtained by this processing method are of high quality and firmly connected.

By applying the thermoelectric material device to various smart tires, the present invention can effectively reduce the temperature of the tire when the tire is running, reduce thermal pollution, prolong the service life of the tire, and convert the waste heat of the tire into energy used by the smart sensor. Electric energy, the design is applicable to tires on various vehicles.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a new type of green smart tire with thermoelectric materials;

Fig. 2 is the working principle figure of this invention;

Figure 3-5 is a two-dimensional cross-sectional temperature distribution diagram of 12R22.5 tire rolling at 100km/h steady state;

Fig. 6 is a two-dimensional structure description of the filled pattern groove type thermoelectric material device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a two-dimensional structure description of a partially replaced apex-type thermoelectric material device of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a two-dimensional structure description of the shoulder-mounted thermoelectric material device of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is an illustration of the tire circumferential section of the thermoelectric material device with ring structure;

Figure 10 is an illustration of the tire circumferential section of the block-shaped thermoelectric material device;

Figure 11 is a description of the semi-embedded two-dimensional structure of the thermoelectric material device;

Figure 12 is a description of the pre-embedded two-dimensional structure of the thermoelectric material device;

Figure 13 is a two-dimensional structure description of the pasted thermoelectric material device;

Figure 14 is a two-dimensional structure description of the support for the thermoelectric material device;

Figure 15 is an illustration of the rubber-coated two-dimensional structure of the thermoelectric material device;

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

The invention relates to a pneumatic smart tire equipped with thermoelectric materials, including a tire carcass 10, which refers to a traditional radial or bias pneumatic tire carcass, thermoelectric material devices 21 to 23 and thermoelectric material device fixing parts 31 to 35. When the tire is rolling, due to the hysteresis of the rubber material and the heat generated by the friction between the tire tread and the road surface, the tire tread and the ground contact friction heat generation high temperature area 43 and the hysteresis heat generation high temperature area 41, 42. These areas have huge The temperature gradient is a good working environment for thermoelectric materials. In the high temperature zone 43, a groove-filled thermoelectric material device 21 is installed at the bottom part of the tread groove area 12, and the thermal energy generated by friction between the tread and the road surface is used to provide driving force for the groove-filled thermoelectric material device . In the high temperature area 42 , there is a large temperature difference in the bead portion 13 , which also provides a driving force for placing the thermoelectric material device 22 in the bead area in the triangular filler area. The built-in thermoelectric material device 23 is placed in the high temperature area 41, which can take advantage of the thermal energy conversion of the thermoelectric material itself to reduce the temperature of the tire shoulder 14, reduce the thermo-oxidative aging and thermal decomposition of the tire shoulder, and can keep the tire in place. The waste heat generated during rolling is converted into electric energy, which can be used in the power system of the tire or the whole vehicle to realize the energy-saving and green development of smart tires, which is in line with the development trend of tires.

The present invention is characterized in that the thermoelectric material device is fixed and the material is processed flexibly. As shown in Figures 11-15, the thermoelectric material device can be fixed in the tire in different ways according to different placement positions: semi-embedded 31, pre-embedded 32, pasted 33, support 34 and rubber coating 35. Among them, semi-embedded 31 and pre-embedded 32 refer to embedding the thermoelectric material into the tire before the tire is vulcanized to be vulcanized and shaped together with the tire; pasting type 33 refers to the use of adhesives to install the thermoelectric material device and the tire carcass 10 is bonded to play a fixed role; placing the support body 34 refers to physically fixing the thermoelectric material device with the help of various supports; rubber coating 35 refers to using the rubber material to wrap the The thermoelectric material is coated, and then vulcanized and shaped to play a fixed role. In addition, in order to facilitate the installation and operation of the thermoelectric material device in the tire, a processing shape as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10 is proposed, and the thermoelectric material can be processed into a ring shape 23 (a) or a block shape 23 (b).

In particular, the installation position of the thermoelectric material device proposed by the present invention is a reasonable choice obtained by scientific calculation using finite element method and optimization technology, as shown in Fig. 3-5. Figure 3 is the temperature distribution diagram of the two-dimensional cross-section of the 12R22.5 tire under 100km/h steady-state rolling of the finite element analysis. According to Figure 3, it can be known that the hysteresis loss of the rubber material is affected by the tire shoulder and bead during the steady-state rolling of the tire. There is a high temperature zone. According to Figure 4, it can be seen that the highest temperature of the tire shoulder 14 is 127.8°C, and there is a temperature difference of 40°C in the adjacent area, and the temperature gradient is large, which is an ideal working environment for thermoelectric materials. According to Fig. 5, it can be seen that the maximum temperature of the bead part 13 is 109.2°C, which has a large temperature gradient with the surrounding area, and is also an ideal working environment for thermoelectric materials.

Correspondingly, since the thermoelectric material device of the new green smart tire with thermoelectric material in the example of the present invention is applied to the new concept smart tire, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a new concept green smart tire, including a thermoelectric material The device, wherein the position selection method and fixing method of the above-mentioned thermoelectric material device are applicable to the embodiment of the new concept tire, and can also achieve the same technical effect.

The present invention can be embodied in various forms without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention, so the embodiments in the present invention are for illustration rather than limitation, because the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims rather than by the description , and all changes that fall within the scope defined in the claims, or within the range equivalent to the scope defined in the claims, should be construed as being included in the claims. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A tire heat management method, characterized in that: a thermoelectric material is arranged in the high temperature area of the tire, the thermoelectric material is connected to the sensor, and the thermoelectric material converts the waste heat generated by the tire into electric energy for use by the sensor or integrated with the vehicle power system for other parts of the vehicle The power usage of the component. 2. A tire heat management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the hot end of the thermoelectric material and the cold end of the thermoelectric material form a temperature gradient to drive the electrons in the conduction band and the holes in the valence band of the thermoelectric material Two types of carriers with equal numbers form an electromotive force, and connect the cold end of the thermoelectric material with a wire to generate electric energy. After the electric energy is stored, it supplies power to the sensor through wire connection or wireless charging technology or connects to the vehicle power system. 3. A tire heat management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermoelectric material is arranged on at least one part of the tire tread groove bottom, the tire bead triangle filler, or the inner shoulder of the tire . 4 . The tire heat management method according to claim 1 , wherein the thermoelectric material is a ring structure surrounding the tire circumferential direction or a block structure surrounding the tire circumferential direction. 5. A tire heat management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermoelectric material is fixed in at least one of the following ways: 1) Using an adhesive as a fixed part of the thermoelectric material, the thermoelectric material device is directly bonded to the tire carcass; 2) The thermoelectric material device is directly vulcanized into the tire during the tire vulcanization stage; 3) A support is placed inside the tire to fix the thermoelectric material; 4) The rubber material is used to wrap and fix the thermoelectric material inside the tire. 6. A pneumatic smart tire with thermoelectric materials, characterized in that: it includes a radial or bias tire carcass, a thermoelectric material device, a thermoelectric material device fixing device and an intelligent sensor, the thermoelectric material is arranged in the high temperature area of the tire, and the thermoelectric material The cold end is connected to the power storage device through wires, and the power storage device is connected to the smart sensor or the vehicle power system through wires or wireless charging technology. The thermoelectric material converts the waste heat generated by the tires into electrical energy for use by the smart sensor or with the vehicle power system Consolidate electricity usage for other parts of the car. 7 . The pneumatic smart tire according to claim 6 , wherein the thermoelectric material is arranged at least one of the tire tread groove bottom, tire bead triangle filler, or tire inner shoulder. 8. The pneumatic smart tire according to claim 6, characterized in that: the thermoelectric material is a ring structure surrounding the tire circumferential direction or a block structure surrounding the tire circumferential direction. 9. The pneumatic smart tire according to claim 6, wherein the thermoelectric material is fixed in at least one of the following ways: 1) Using an adhesive as a fixed part of the thermoelectric material, the thermoelectric material device is directly bonded to the tire carcass; 2) The thermoelectric material device is directly vulcanized into the tire during the tire vulcanization stage; 3) A support is placed inside the tire to fix the thermoelectric material; 4) The rubber material is used to wrap and fix the thermoelectric material inside the tire.