CN108635921B - An ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate and frame sealing force - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrahigh-pressure elastic squeezer with balanced squeezing force and constant sealing force of a filter plate frame. The filter plate comprises a plurality of groups of filter plate frames positioned between thrust plates; four squeezing cylinders with the same specification are uniformly distributed in the cylinder mounting seat, and piston rods of the four squeezing cylinders are perpendicular to the pressure surface of the thrust plate; the connection points of the four piston rods and the thrust plate are uniformly distributed on the pressure bearing surface of the thrust plate. Each group of filter plate frames comprises a bearing plate frame, a movable plate frame and a plurality of plunger cylinders with two-stage self-guiding sleeve shafts; each plunger cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a cylinder bottom and a plunger rod; the plunger rod is used as a primary guide shaft and a secondary guide sleeve seat; the convex rod at the bottom of the cylinder is used as a secondary guide shaft; the cylinder body also serves as a first-stage guide sleeve seat. The invention uses four pressing cylinders with the same specification to replace one large cylinder, so that the balance of the pressing force transmitted by the four pressing cylinders can be ensured; the filter plate frame adopts a constant force plunger cylinder with two-stage self-guiding sleeve shafts, and the parallelism of the bearing plate frame and the movable plate frame in the squeezing process can be ensured.

Description

An ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate and frame sealing force

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of deep sludge dehydration, and relates to a deep sludge dehydration equipment, and in particular to an ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate and frame sealing force.

Background technique

The ultra-high pressure elastic press is a high-efficiency plate and frame filter press equipment. It is composed of several groups of filter plates and frames arranged in sequence. Through the extrusion of the filter plate frames, the water in the sludge is discharged through the filter cloth to achieve the purpose of dehydration. . Traditional ultra-high-pressure elastic presses usually use a large oil cylinder (piston cylinder) to provide the pressing force. The filter plate frame is surrounded by several springs and guides between the fixed plate frame (load-bearing plate frame) and the movable plate frame. The sleeve and shaft rely entirely on compression springs to reduce the volume of the filter chamber to squeeze the filter plate frame and achieve dehydration.

The existing ultra-high pressure elastic press has the following defects:

(1) The thrust plate, filter plate frame and thrust plate of the press are usually square. A large oil cylinder is used to provide the pressing force, and the connection between the piston of the large oil cylinder and the thrust plate can only be located in the middle of the square. The force transmitted by the large oil cylinder is extremely unbalanced in the middle of the square, the sides of the square and the diagonals of the square.

(2) The sealing force of the filter plate frame is the spring force generated by the compression force of the spring. The spring force increases as the compression displacement of the spring increases. When the spring force exceeds the minimum sealing force required by the filter plate frame, the excess spring force is harmful and will offset part of the effective pressing force. Moreover, the spring is easy to break, causing production to stop, and replacing the spring is time-consuming and laborious.

(3) During the pressing process, the fixed plate frame (load-bearing plate frame) and the movable plate frame of the filter plate frame must keep moving in parallel. In order to ensure that the fixed plate frame (load-bearing plate frame) and the movable plate frame of the filter plate frame move in parallel, a number of guide sleeves and shafts are usually set between the fixed plate frame (load-bearing plate frame) and the movable plate frame of the filter plate frame. . These guide sleeves and shafts are susceptible to corrosion and wear. When the guide sleeves and shafts wear to a certain extent, the guides will fail. During the pressing process, multiple filter plate frames will bend upward or left and right, causing mud spraying.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an ultra-high-pressure elastic press that can slow down the wear of the guide sleeve, avoid bending and deformation of the filter plate frame, maintain a balanced pressing force, and maintain a constant sealing force of the filter plate frame.

The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

The invention is an ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate frame sealing force. It includes a frame on which several sets of filter plate frames are arranged in sequence; a thrust plate is provided at the front of the frame, and a thrust plate is provided at the rear of the frame. The thrust plate; the thrust plate and several sets of filter plate frames are installed and fixed on the two beams of the frame; the two beams of the frame are installed and fixed on the base; several sets of filter plate frames are located between the thrust plate and the thrust plate ; There are water receiving plates on both sides of the lower part of several sets of filter plate frames; there is an oil cylinder mounting seat at the front end of the frame; four pressing oil cylinders of the same specifications are evenly distributed in the oil cylinder mounting seats, and the piston rods of the four pressing oil cylinders (i.e. four piston rods) perpendicular to the pressure surface of the thrust plate; the heads of the four piston rods are fixedly connected to the thrust plate (can be fixedly connected through flanges and bolts); the connection points of the four piston rods and the thrust plate are evenly distributed on The pressure-bearing surface of the thrust plate can ensure that the pressing force transmitted to the thrust plate by four pressing cylinders of the same specification is balanced.

Furthermore, the pressure-bearing surface of the thrust plate is square or rectangular; the connection points of the four piston rods and the thrust plate are located at the corresponding points corresponding to the diagonal quarters of the square or rectangle on the pressure-bearing surface of the thrust plate, which can ensure The pressing force transmitted to the thrust plate by four pressing cylinders of the same specification is balanced.

Further, each group of filter plate frames of the press consists of: one load-bearing plate frame, several (twenty pieces) plunger cylinders with self-guided sleeve shafts, one movable plate frame, several It consists of connecting parts and filter accessories; (during the pressing process, the sealing force provided by the plunger cylinder remains constant, so it is also called a constant force plunger cylinder); each plunger cylinder has a two-stage guide sleeve shaft, that is: each The plunger cylinder is equipped with a two-level guide mechanism (including two-level guide sleeve shafts): the plunger rod also serves as the first-level guide shaft and the second-level guide sleeve seat; the cylinder body also serves as the first-level guide sleeve seat; the convex rod at the bottom of the cylinder also serves as the second-level guide sleeve seat. Level guide shaft. Each plunger cylinder includes a cylinder body, a cylinder bottom and a plunger rod; the plunger rod also serves as a primary guide shaft and a secondary guide sleeve; the bottom of the cylinder includes a bottom round block and a middle part protruding from the bottom round block and perpendicular to the bottom The round convex rod and the convex rod at the bottom of the cylinder serve as the secondary guide shaft; there is a cavity inside the rear section of the plunger rod, and the rear section of the plunger rod is sleeved on the outside of the convex rod at the bottom of the cylinder (that is, the rear section of the plunger rod is dug inside The plunger rod also serves as a secondary guide sleeve, that is, the secondary guide shaft is the guide sleeve of the convex rod at the bottom of the cylinder; the plunger rod head is Solid, the head of the plunger rod is inserted into the mounting hole of the movable plate frame; the cylinder body is cylindrical and is set in the recessed hole (i.e., the mounting hole) of the load-bearing plate frame; the cylinder head has a flange, The cylinder body is fixedly connected to the load-bearing plate frame through the flange and the fixing screws around it; the bottom of the cylinder body is mounted on the outside of the bottom round block at the bottom of the cylinder; the front part of the cylinder body is mounted on the outside of the plunger rod, and the cylinder body also serves as a primary guide sleeve seat, that is, the primary guide shaft is the guide sleeve seat of the plunger rod.

Further, the plunger rod is made of stainless steel, the cylinder body is made of cast steel, and the bottom of the cylinder is made of carbon steel.

Further, connected process oil passages are provided inside the surrounding frames of the load-bearing plate frame; a main inlet and a total outlet of the process oil passage (with inlet and return oil pipe joints) are provided at the bottom of one side of the load-bearing plate frame; The cylinder cylinder of each plunger cylinder is provided with one or more groups of process oil inlets and outlets (each group includes a process oil inlet on one side and a process oil outlet on the other side). The process oil inlet and outlet are connected with the cylinder body. The gaps (larger spaces) between the plunger rods are connected; there are process oil channel screw plugs at the process oil outlets that do not need to be connected at the four corners of the load-bearing plate frame; between the cylinder block and the plunger rod The gap (larger space) between them is the oil inlet and return passage shared by each plunger cylinder; the inside of the cylinder bottom is a cavity; there is a certain gap (smaller space) between the outer wall of the cylinder and the load-bearing plate frame , there are also certain gaps (smaller spaces) between the cylinder body, the bottom of the cylinder bottom and the load-bearing plate frame. These gaps are connected and connected with the cavity inside the cylinder bottom; these gaps (smaller spaces) are connected with The cavity inside the cylinder bottom is the oil inlet and return channel of each plunger cylinder (also known as the local oil inlet and return channel).

Further, at the junction between the outer wall of the plunger rod and the inner wall of the cylinder, a first wear-resistant ring (as a primary guide sleeve) is provided; at the junction between the inner wall of the cavity in the rear section of the plunger rod and the convex rod at the bottom of the cylinder, There is a second wear-resistant ring (as a secondary guide sleeve); the two-level guide sleeves (primary guide sleeve and secondary guide sleeve) adopt wear-resistant rings with low friction coefficient, high strength and polyformaldehyde material.

Further, the first-level guide sleeve seat, that is, the inner wall of the cylinder cylinder is composed of two circles of deep grooves and a circle of shallow inner bumps in the middle. That is, the first-level guide sleeve seat is formed by: a circle of shallow inner bumps in the middle of the two circles of deep grooves. Concave-convex structure. The concave-convex structure formed by a shallow inner bump in the middle of two deep grooves can better fix the primary guide sleeve.

Furthermore, the secondary guide sleeve seat, that is, the inner wall of the cavity of the rear section of the plunger rod is composed of two circles of deep grooves and a circle of shallow inner bumps in the middle. That is, the secondary guide sleeve seat is: a circle of shallow inner bumps is set in the middle of the two circles of deep grooves. Concave-convex structure formed by bumps. The concave-convex structure formed by a shallow inner bump in the middle of two deep grooves can better fix the secondary guide sleeve.

Further, at the connection between the piston rod and the movable plate frame, there is an eccentricity compensation adjustment ring (made of polyacetal, used to compensate and adjust the position error of the load-bearing plate frame and the movable plate frame), that is, the piston rod head is inserted into the There is an eccentric compensation adjustment ring in the installation hole of the movable plate frame where it meets the piston rod head; the inner ring of the eccentric compensation adjustment ring is oval and the outer ring is circular. The inner ring of the mounting hole of the movable plate frame is round, and the outer ring of the piston rod head is round; the outer ring of the eccentricity compensation adjustment ring fits the inner ring of the installation hole of the movable plate frame, and the inner ring of the eccentricity compensation adjustment ring fits the piston. There is a gap between the outer rings of the rod head, and the piston rod head can be slightly offset within the gap, thereby automatically compensating and adjusting the processing position error of the mounting holes of the load-bearing plate frame and the movable plate frame.

Further, the piston rod head is provided with screw holes, and the movable plate frame is also provided with corresponding screw holes. These two screw holes (the screw holes of the piston rod and the screw holes of the movable plate frame) are equipped with connecting screws. There is a spring washer to prevent loosening between the connecting screw and the screw hole of the movable plate frame.

Further, a dust-proof sealing ring is provided at the joint between the cylinder port of the plunger cylinder and the load-bearing plate frame and the piston rod (to prevent dust from the plunger cylinder and block filtrate).

Further, at the junction between the cylinder body of the plunger cylinder and the load-bearing plate frame, an O-ring is provided (as a static seal of the plunger cylinder).

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

The ultra-high-pressure elastic press of the present invention with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate and frame sealing force has the following characteristics:

(1) Use four pressing oil cylinders of the same specifications to replace one large oil cylinder and apply them to the thrust plate of the press for pressing. The connection points between four press cylinders of the same specifications and the thrust plate are located at the midpoint of the diagonal line of the square (or rectangle) of the pressure surface of the thrust plate, that is, at the corresponding quarter point. In this way, the force transmitted by four press cylinders of the same specification is equal, and the distance between the force transmission point of the cylinder and the middle point of the square, the diagonal point of the square and the midpoint of the side line of the square is equal. Therefore, it can be ensured that the pressing force transmitted to the thrust plate by four pressing cylinders of the same specification is balanced.

(2) Properly control the back pressure and oil return pressure of the single-acting plunger cylinder to be constant. When there is a pressing force on the plunger rod of the plunger cylinder, at this time, the plunger cylinder is equivalent to a constant force spring. This The constant force remains constant during the pressing process. This invention applies the function of a constant force spring to the filter plate frame of an ultra-high-pressure elastic press for the first time, so that during the pressing process, the sealing force between the filter plate frames is large enough and remains constant.

(3) The present invention develops and designs the guide between the load-bearing plate frame and the movable plate frame as the inner guide of the two-stage guide sleeve shaft working in oil. The stainless steel plunger is designed to double as a primary guide shaft and a secondary guide sleeve; the cast steel cylinder is designed to double as a primary guide sleeve; the carbon steel cylinder bottom is designed to double as a secondary guide shaft; the two-stage guide sleeves are made of wear-resistant, Finished wear-resistant ring with low friction coefficient, high strength and made of polyformaldehyde. The two-stage guide sleeve shafts both work in oil, and their wear and friction resistance are very small, thus ensuring the parallelism of the load-bearing plate frame and the movable plate frame of the filter plate frame during the pressing process.

(4) This ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant sealing force of the filter plate and frame is equipped with an eccentric compensation adjustment ring with an elliptical inner ring and a circular outer ring at the connection between the piston rod head and the movable plate and frame. , can automatically compensate and adjust the position error of the processing holes of the load-bearing frame and the movable frame, greatly reducing the processing requirements for the mounting holes on the fixed frame and the movable frame.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate and frame sealing force according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is the connection between the piston rods and thrust plates of four pressing cylinders of the same specification in an ultra-high-pressure elastic press of the present invention with balanced pressing force and constant sealing force of the filter plate frame;

Figure 3 is an enlarged view of A-A in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a hydraulic principle diagram of an ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate and frame sealing force according to the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic front structural view of the filter plate frame with a self-guided sleeve shaft constant force plunger cylinder in the present invention;

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view along line B-B in Figure 5 (extended state);

Figure 7 is a schematic left structural view of the filter plate frame with a self-guided sleeve shaft constant force plunger cylinder in the present invention;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Figure 7;

Figure 9 is a schematic top structural view of the filter plate frame with a self-guided sleeve shaft constant force plunger cylinder in the present invention;

Figure 10 is a C-C cross-sectional view in Figure 5 (extended state);

Figure 11 is a C-C cross-sectional view in Figure 5 (pressing state);

Figure 12 is a partial enlarged view of I/ in Figure 10;

Figure 13 is a D-D section/partial enlargement of Figure 12;

Figure 14 is an enlarged view of II/part of Figure 10;

Figure 15 is an enlarged view of III/part of Figure 11;

Figure 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the cylinder 61 in the present invention;

Figure 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the plunger rod 66 in the present invention;

Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the cylinder bottom 62 in the present invention;

Figure 19 is a schematic three-dimensional structural diagram of the eccentric compensation adjustment ring 53 in the present invention;

Figure 20 is a schematic front structural view of the eccentric compensation adjustment ring 53 in the present invention;

Figure 21 is a schematic diagram of the extended state of the plunger cylinder in the present invention;

Figure 22 is a schematic diagram of the retracted state of the plunger cylinder in the present invention.

Figure 1 - Figure 3: 45-cylinder mounting seat 46-pressing cylinder 47-piston rod 48-thrust plate 49-thrust plate 50-filter plate frame 71-beam 72-installation base 73-water plate

In Figure 5-20: 51, load-bearing plate frame 52, movable plate frame 53, eccentric compensation adjustment ring 531, eccentric compensation adjustment ring inner ring 532, eccentric compensation adjustment ring outer ring 54, dust-proof sealing ring 55, O-type Seal ring 56, mounting hole 57, spring washer 58, connecting screw 59, fixing screw 60, plunger cylinder 61, cylinder body 62, cylinder bottom 63, cavity 64, protruding rod 65, cavity 66, plunger rod 660, Plunger rod outer ring 67, first wear-resistant ring 68, second wear-resistant ring 69, drip hole 70, concave and convex structure

80. Process oil passage 81. Inlet and return oil pipe joint 82. Process oil inlet 83. Process oil outlet 84. Process oil passage screw plug

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

Example

As shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the present invention is an ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate frame sealing force. It includes a frame on which several sets of filter plate frames 50 are arranged in sequence; A thrust plate 48 is provided at the front of the frame, and a thrust plate 49 is provided at the rear of the frame; the thrust plate 48 and several sets of filter plate frames 50 are installed and fixed on the two girders 71 of the frame; the two girders 71 of the frame are installed Fixed on the installation base 72; several sets of filter plate frames 50 are located between the thrust plate 49 and the thrust plate 48; several sets of filter plate frames 50 are provided with water receiving plates 73 on both sides of the lower part; and the front end of the frame is provided with an oil cylinder mounting seat 45 ; Four press cylinders 46 of the same specifications are evenly distributed (installed in) the cylinder mounting seat 45, and the piston rods 47 of the four press cylinders 46 (i.e., the four piston rods 47) are perpendicular to the pressure surface of the thrust plate 48, The four piston rods 47 are arranged in parallel and symmetrically; the heads of the four piston rods 47 are fixedly connected to the thrust plate 48 (can be fixedly connected through flanges and bolts); the connection points of the four piston rods 47 and the thrust plate 48 are evenly distributed On the pressure surface of thrust plate 48.

As shown in Figure 1, the frame of the ultra-high-pressure elastic press of the present invention is mainly composed of a beam 71, a cylinder mounting seat 45, a thrust plate 49 and a mounting base 72; it carries all the pressing force, as well as the weight of the components above it and sludge weight. The thrust plate 48 and several sets of filter plate frames 50 are installed on the two beams 71 of the frame (removable).

As shown in Figure 2, the pressure-receiving surface of the thrust plate 48 is square; the connection points of the four piston rods 47 and the thrust plate 48 are located at the corresponding points corresponding to the diagonal quarters of the square pressure-receiving surface of the thrust plate 48. Therefore, It can be ensured that the pressing force transmitted to the thrust plate 48 by four pressing oil cylinders 46 of the same specification is balanced.

Figure 4 shows the hydraulic principle diagram of an ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate frame sealing force according to the present invention. The names and functions of the components in Figure 4 are as follows:

1---Oil tank; stores hydraulic oil and dissipates heat of hydraulic oil.

2---Low-pressure ball valve; discharge hydraulic oil during maintenance.

3---Liquid level gauge; displays the amount of oil in the tank.

4---Air filter; fuel tank breathing port, refueling port.

5---Liquid level relay; alarm when the liquid level in the tank is low.

6---Magnetic filter; filter out magnetic impurities in the oil.

7---Electric motor; converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

8---Bell coupling; connects the motor and the rated variable plunger pump.

9---Oil suction filter; filters out impurities in hydraulic oil.

10--Graded variable plunger pump; converts mechanical energy into hydraulic energy. The flow rate is large at low pressure and small at high pressure.

11--Pressure gauge buffer; buffer pressure oil impacts the pressure gauge.

12--Pressure gauge; displays the current oil pressure.

13--Electromagnetic relief valve; builds pressure when powered, and unloads when powered off.

14--One-way valve; prevents hydraulic oil from flowing back.

15--Electro-hydraulic reversing valve; it can change the flow direction of pressure oil with electricity.

16--Hydraulic control check valve; maintains oil pressure in the oil circuit.

17--One-way throttle valve; stabilizes the flow of oil in the oil circuit.

18--Pressure converter; converts the current oil pressure into an electrical signal.

19--Pressure gauge buffer; buffer pressure oil impacts the pressure gauge.

20--Pressure gauge; displays current oil pressure.

21--Pressure gauge; displays the current oil pressure.

22--Pressure gauge buffer; buffer pressure oil impacts the pressure gauge.

23--Pressure relay; converts the current oil pressure into a switching signal.

24--Electromagnetic reversing valve; it can change the flow direction of pressure oil with electricity.

25--Hydraulic control check valve; maintains oil pressure in the oil line.

26--Relief valve; releases excess control pressure oil when the accumulator is unloaded.

27--Relief valve; during squeezing, the back pressure discharges the pressure oil in the plunger cylinder and keeps the force in the plunger cylinder constant.

28--High-pressure ball valve; closed when the accumulator is filled with nitrogen.

29--Accumulator; maintains the oil pressure in the plunger cylinder during the pressing process.

30--Pressure gauge buffer; buffer pressure oil impacts the pressure gauge.

31--Pressure gauge; displays current oil pressure.

32--Pressure converter; converts the current oil pressure into an electrical signal.

33--Limit switch; when pressing to the bottom, a switch signal is sent out.

34--Limit switch; when the thrust plate reaches the locking position, it sends a switch signal.

35--Limit switch; when the pressing cylinder returns to the bottom, a switch signal is sent out.

36--Relief valve; during the pressing process, when the pressure of the pressing oil cylinder ④ is greater than that of the pressing oil cylinder ②, ④ will discharge oil to ②.

37--Relief valve; during the pressing process, when the pressure of pressing oil cylinder ② is greater than that of pressing oil cylinder ④, ② will discharge oil to ④.

38--Synchronization valve; during the pressing process, the pressing oil cylinder ② and the pressing oil cylinder ④ are kept moving synchronously.

39--Relief valve; during the pressing process, when the pressure of the pressing oil cylinders ② and ④ is greater than that of the pressing oil cylinders ① and ③, ② and ④ will discharge oil to ① and ③.

40--Relief valve; during the pressing process, when the pressure of the pressing oil cylinders ① and ③ is greater than that of the pressing oil cylinders ② and ④, ① and ③ discharge oil to ② and ④.

41--Synchronization valve; during the pressing process, keep the pressing oil cylinders ① and ③ and the pressing oil cylinders ② and ④ moving synchronously.

42--Synchronization valve; during the pressing process, the pressing oil cylinder ① and the pressing oil cylinder ③ are kept moving synchronously.

43--Relief valve; during the pressing process, when the pressure of pressing oil cylinder ① is greater than that of pressing oil cylinder ③, ① will discharge oil to ③.

44--Relief valve; during the pressing process, when the pressure of the pressing oil cylinder ③ is greater than that of the pressing oil cylinder ①, ③ will discharge oil to ①.

45-Cylinder mounting seat 46-Press cylinder ①②③④ 47-Piston rod 48-Thrust plate 49-Thrust plate 50-Filter plate frame

As shown in Figures 5 to 20, the filter plate frame 50 of the ultra-high pressure elastic press of the present invention is a filter plate frame with a self-guided sleeve shaft constant force plunger cylinder. Each set of filter plate frames 50 is composed of: one load-bearing piece It consists of a plate frame 51, twenty pieces of constant force plunger cylinders 60 with self-guided sleeves, a movable plate frame 52, several connectors and filter accessories; (during the pressing process, the sealing force provided by the plunger cylinder remains constant , so it is also called a constant force plunger cylinder); each plunger cylinder 60 is equipped with a two-stage guide sleeve shaft, that is, each plunger cylinder is equipped with a two-stage guide mechanism (including a two-stage guide sleeve shaft): plunger The rod 66 doubles as a primary guide shaft and a secondary guide sleeve seat; the cylinder 61 doubles as a primary guide sleeve seat; and the protruding rod 64 of the cylinder bottom 62 doubles as a secondary guide shaft. The plunger rod 66 is made of stainless steel, the cylinder body 61 is made of cast steel, and the cylinder bottom 62 is made of carbon steel.

Each plunger cylinder 60 includes a cylinder body 61, a cylinder bottom 62 and a plunger rod 66; the plunger rod 66 also serves as a primary guide shaft and a secondary guide sleeve; the cylinder bottom 62 includes a bottom round block and a middle part from the bottom round block. The convex rod 64 protrudes and is perpendicular to the bottom round block, and the convex rod 64 at the bottom of the cylinder serves as a secondary guide shaft; there is a cavity 65 inside the rear section of the plunger rod 66, and the rear section of the plunger rod 66 is sleeved on the convex section at the bottom of the cylinder. Outside the rod 64 (i.e., the rear section of the plunger rod 66 is hollowed out into a cavity 65 corresponding to the convex rod 64 that can accommodate the convex rod 64), the plunger rod 66 also serves as a secondary guide sleeve, that is, a secondary guide shaft (the convex rod 64 at the bottom of the cylinder); the head of the plunger rod 66 is solid, and the head of the plunger rod 66 is inserted into the mounting hole 56 of the movable plate frame 52; the cylinder 61 is cylindrical and is arranged on In the recessed hole (that is, the installation hole) of the load-bearing plate frame 51; the cylinder 61 has a flange on its head, and the cylinder 61 is fixedly connected to the load-bearing plate frame 51 through the flange and the fixing screws 59 around it; The bottom of 61 is sleeved on the outside of the bottom round block of cylinder bottom 62; the front part of cylinder 61 is sleeved on the outside of plunger rod 66, and cylinder 61 doubles as a first-level guide sleeve, that is, the guide for the first-level guide shaft (plunger rod 66). Set of seats.

Connected process oil passages 80 are provided inside the four peripheral frames of the load-bearing plate frame 51; a main inlet and a total outlet of the process oil passage (ie, inlet and return oil pipe joints 81) are provided at the bottom of one side of the load-bearing plate frame 51; The cylinder body 61 of each plunger cylinder 60 is provided with four process oil inlets and outlets (two groups, each group includes a process oil inlet 82 on one side, that is, the oil inlet of the plunger cylinder, and a process oil inlet on the other side. The outlet 83 (i.e., the oil outlet of the plunger cylinder) is connected to the gap (larger space) between the cylinder 61 and the plunger rod 66; it is located at the four corners of the load-bearing plate frame and does not require any communication process. The oil outlet 83 is provided with a process oil passage screw plug 84, which is blocked (the four plunger cylinders 60 located at the four corners of the load-bearing plate frame 51 have a total of eight process oil outlets 83, of which seven process oil outlets 83 are installed. The oil outlet 83 is blocked with a screw plug, and one process oil outlet 83 is open); the gap (larger space) between the cylinder 61 and the plunger rod 66 is the oil inlet and return passage shared by each plunger cylinder 60; the bottom of the cylinder There is a cavity 63 inside 62; there is a certain gap (smaller space) between the outer wall of the cylinder 61 and the load-bearing plate frame 51, and there is also a gap between the cylinder 61, the bottom of the cylinder bottom 62 and the load-bearing plate frame 51. There are certain gaps (smaller spaces), these gaps are connected, and are connected with the cavity 63 inside the cylinder bottom; these gaps (smaller spaces) and the cavity 63 inside the cylinder bottom 62 are part of each plunger cylinder 60 Inlet and return oil passage (also called local inlet and return oil passage). A plurality of drip holes 69 are also provided on the bottom frame of the load-bearing plate frame 51 for draining the filtrate.

A first wear-resistant ring 67 is provided at the junction between the outer wall of the plunger rod 66 and the inner wall of the cylinder 61 (as a primary guide sleeve); At the joint, a second wear-resistant ring 68 (as a secondary guide sleeve) is provided; the two-level guide sleeve adopts a wear-resistant ring with low friction coefficient, high strength and polyformaldehyde material.

The first-level guide sleeve seat, that is, the inner wall of the cylinder 61 of the cylinder body is composed of two circles of deep grooves and a circle of shallow inner bumps in the middle. That is, the first-level guide sleeve seat is: the concavity and convexity formed by a circle of shallow inner bumps in the middle of the two circles of deep grooves. Formula structure 70. The concave-convex structure formed by a shallow inner bump in the middle of two deep grooves can better fix the primary guide sleeve.

The secondary guide sleeve seat, that is, the inner wall of the cavity 65 in the rear section of the plunger rod 66 is composed of two circles of deep grooves and a shallow inner protrusion in the middle. That is, the secondary guide sleeve seat is: a shallow inner protrusion is set in the middle of the two circles of deep grooves. Concave-convex structure 70 formed by blocks. The concave-convex structure formed by a shallow inner bump in the middle of two deep grooves can better fix the secondary guide sleeve.

As shown in Figures 12 and 13, at the connection between the plunger rod 66 and the movable plate frame 52, an eccentric compensation adjustment ring 53 (made of polyformaldehyde, used to compensate and adjust the processing of the load-bearing plate frame 51 and the movable plate frame 52 hole position error), that is: the head of the plunger rod 66 is inserted into the mounting hole 56 of the movable plate frame 52, and an eccentricity compensation is provided at the joint between the mounting hole 56 of the movable plate frame 52 and the head of the plunger rod 66 Adjustment ring 53; the inner ring of the eccentric compensation adjustment ring 53 (i.e., the eccentric compensation adjustment ring inner ring 531) is oval, and the outer ring of the eccentric compensation adjustment ring 53 (i.e., the eccentric compensation adjustment ring outer ring 532) is circular ( As shown in Figures 19 and 20, the diameter of the outer circle of the eccentric compensation adjustment ring is 63mm; the distance between the two opposite ends of the inner ellipse of the eccentric compensation adjustment ring is 52mm at the maximum and 50mm at the minimum); The inner ring of the mounting hole 56 of the movable plate frame 52 is circular, and the outer ring of the plunger rod 66 head (i.e., the plunger rod outer ring 660) is circular; the outer ring of the eccentric compensation adjustment ring 53 and the movable plate frame 52 are installed The inner ring of hole 56 fits, and there is a gap on the left and right between the inner ring 531 of the eccentric compensation adjustment ring and the outer ring 660 of the plunger rod (that is, between the inner ellipse of the eccentric compensation adjustment ring and the outer circle of the plunger rod, at 360 ° direction, there is an eccentricity compensation adjustment amount of ±1mm), and the head of the plunger rod 66 can be slightly offset within this gap, thereby automatically compensating and adjusting the mounting holes of the load-bearing plate frame 51 and the movable plate frame 52 Processing position error.

A screw hole is provided at the head of the plunger rod 66 (at the center of the front end), and a corresponding screw hole is also provided at the movable plate frame 52. These two screw holes (the screw hole of the piston rod and the screw hole of the movable plate frame) are A connecting screw 58 is installed, and a spring washer 57 to prevent loosening is provided between the connecting screw 58 and the screw hole of the movable plate frame 52 .

A dust-proof sealing ring 54 is provided at the joint between the cylinder port 61 of the plunger cylinder 60 and the load-bearing plate frame 51 and the plunger rod 66 (to prevent dust from the plunger cylinder and block filtrate).

An O-ring 55 is provided at the junction between the cylinder body 61 of the plunger cylinder 60 and the load-bearing plate frame 51 (as a static seal of the plunger cylinder).

The installation and use method of the ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate and frame sealing force of the present invention is as follows: during use, two original plates are installed between the fixed plate frame and the movable plate frame of each group of filter plate frames of the press. The position of the ten guide sleeves is changed to install twenty constant force plunger cylinders with self-guided sleeves of the present invention. That is, dig out recessed holes (mounting holes) at regular intervals on the surrounding frames of the load-bearing frame 51 (fixed frame), and dig corresponding recessed holes (mounting holes) at regular intervals on the movable frame 52. Concave holes (mounting holes), install a constant force plunger cylinder with a self-guided sleeve shaft in the mounting holes of the load-bearing plate frame 51 and the movable plate frame 52. The specific installation method of each constant force plunger cylinder with a self-guided sleeve is: first, put the cylinder 61 of the plunger cylinder 60 into the installation hole of the load-bearing plate frame 51, and insert the fixing screw 59 The screw holes of the outer ring flange of the cylinder body 61 of the plunger cylinder 60 and the screw holes of the load-bearing plate frame 51 are tightened, and the cylinder body 61 of the plunger cylinder 60 is installed and fixed on the load-bearing plate frame 51; then, The cylinder bottom 62 of the plunger cylinder 60 is installed in the cylinder of the cylinder 61; then, the rear section of the plunger rod 66 is installed between the cylinder 61 and the cylinder bottom 62, and the front end of the plunger rod 66 is inserted into the movable plate frame 52, the position error of the load-bearing plate frame and the movable plate frame is compensated and adjusted through the automatic compensation eccentric collar 53; finally, the connecting screw 58 is inserted into the screw hole of the movable plate frame 52 and the screw hole of the plunger rod 66 And tighten, the front end of the plunger rod 66 and the movable plate frame 52 can be fixedly connected together.

The operating principle of the ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant sealing force of the filter plate and frame of the present invention is as follows:

As shown in Figures 8, 10, 14, and 21, the pressure oil coming out of the hydraulic station tank passes through the main inlet and outlet of the process oil passage (i.e., the inlet and return oil pipe joint 81), the inlet and return oil channel (i.e., the process oil passage) 80), the process oil inlet 82 enters the plunger cylinder 60 (oil inlet), part of it enters the gap between the cylinder 61 and the plunger rod 66, and comes out from the process oil outlet 83 (that is, the oil inlet and return oil common to each plunger cylinder) channel), enters the next piece of plunger cylinder 60; the other part enters the gap between the outer wall of the cylinder 61 and the load-bearing plate frame 51, and then enters the gap between the cylinder 61, the bottom of the cylinder bottom 62 and the load-bearing plate frame 51 gap, and then enters the cavity 63 inside the cylinder bottom, and then enters the cavity 65 in the rear section of the plunger rod 66 (i.e., the local oil inlet and return passage), relying on the oil pressure in the plunger cylinder to push the plunger rod 66 out , transmit the force to the movable plate frame 52.

As shown in Figures 8, 11, 15, and 22, external force acts on the plunger rod 66 through the movable plate frame 52, the plunger rod 66 retracts, and the oil in the plunger cylinder is discharged from the plunger through the local oil inlet and return channel. cylinder 60 (oil return), and then through the oil inlet and return passages and the process oil passage 80 shared by each plunger cylinder, the oil is returned to the next plunger cylinder 60, and finally through the inlet and return oil pipe joint 81, the oil is returned to the hydraulic station tank.

The pressing process of the ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant sealing force of the filter plate and frame of the present invention is as follows:

1. The plunger cylinder extends

Motor 7 starts - the hydraulic oil from the rated variable plunger pump 10 passes through the electromagnetic relief valve 13, unloads and flows back to the oil tank 1 - the electromagnet DT0 of the electromagnetic relief valve 13 and the electromagnet DT3 of the electromagnetic reversing valve 24 are Electric - the hydraulic oil of the rated variable plunger pump 10 flows to the filter plate frame through the one-way valve 14, the P and B ports of the electromagnetic reversing valve 24, the hydraulic control one-way valve 25, and the plunger cylinder 60 - when the pressure When the pressure of the converter 32 reaches 16MPa, the plunger cylinder 60 is fully extended, DT0 and DT3 are disconnected, and the extension of the plunger cylinder 60 is completed. The electric motor 7 is still started, and the hydraulic oil of the fixed-stage variable plunger pump 10 passes through the electromagnetic relief valve 13, unloads and flows back to the oil tank 1, waiting for the next action.

2. Press cylinder fast forward

The electromagnet DT0 of the electromagnetic relief valve 13 and the electromagnet DT1 of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve 15 are energized - the hydraulic oil of the rated variable plunger pump 10 passes through the one-way valve 14, the P and P of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve 15 in turn. Port B, hydraulic control one-way valve 16, one-way throttle valve 17, synchronization valve 41, synchronization valve 38 and synchronization valve 42, flow in from the rodless cavity of the pressing oil cylinder - outflow from the rod cavity of the pressing oil cylinder, through the electro-hydraulic The A and T ports of the reversing valve 15 flow back to the fuel tank 1. At this time, the hydraulic oil pressure is low and the flow rate is large, and the graded variable plunger pump 10 automatically switches to a low-pressure, large-flow operating mode. The squeezing cylinder 46 moves quickly - when the thrust plate presses the limit switch 34, DT0 and DT1 are disconnected, and the squeezing cylinder 46 ends in fast forward and is ready to feed mud. At this time, the electric motor 7 is still started, and the hydraulic oil of the fixed-stage variable plunger pump 10 passes through the electromagnetic relief valve 13, unloads and flows back to the oil tank 1, waiting for the next action.

3. Pressure cylinder maintains pressure and feeds mud

When entering mud, the plunger cylinder 60 relies on the accumulator 29 and the hydraulically controlled one-way valve 25 to maintain pressure; the squeezing cylinder 46 relies on the hydraulically controlled one-way valve 16 to maintain pressure. If the pressure of the pressure converter 32 is lower than 16MPa, DT0 and DT3 are powered to compensate for the pressure of the plunger cylinder 60. During the mud feeding process, the limit switch 34 must be turned on. If the limit switch 34 is turned off, DT0 and DT3 will be powered to compensate for the pressure of the pressing cylinder 46. When the mud feeding pressure reaches 1.2MPa (the mud feeding pressure is measured by the pressure sensor on the mud feeding pipe), the mud feeding ends.

4. Intermittent pressing in pressing oil cylinder

After the mud feeding is completed, it switches to the intermittent pressing process. The electromagnet DT0 of the electromagnetic relief valve 13 and the electromagnet DT1 of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve 15 are intermittently energized and disconnected to perform squeezing. At this time, the pressing pressure of the pressing cylinder 46 rises intermittently, the hydraulic oil pressure is high and the flow rate is small, and the rated variable plunger pump 10 automatically switches to a high-pressure, small-flow operation mode. At the same time, the plunger cylinder 60 is compressed, and its back pressure oil return is realized by forcibly opening the relief valve 27. The pressure of the relief valve 27 is adjusted to 20MPa, and the pressure in the plunger cylinder is also 20MPa, so the force transmitted by the plunger cylinder is constant. That is to say, the plunger cylinder 60 here is equivalent to a constant force spring. When the thrust plate presses the limit switch 33, or when the pressure of the pressure converter 18 reaches 24MPa, it can be regarded as the condition for the end of the pressing process, and the pressing process ends. DT0 and DT1 are disconnected and ready for the next action.

5. Pressure cylinder maintains pressure and delays

After the intermittent pressing process ends, the pressing cylinder needs to maintain pressure and delay for a period of time. The length of the delay time mainly depends on the characteristics of the sludge, usually 60 seconds to 120 seconds. Keep the pressure, and after the delay is over, open the water plate.

6. Pressure relief of plunger cylinder

The electromagnet DT0 of the electromagnetic relief valve 13 and the electromagnet DT4 of the electromagnetic reversing valve 24 are energized - the hydraulic oil of the rated variable plunger pump 10 passes through the P and A ports of the one-way valve 14 and the electromagnetic reversing valve 24 in sequence. , the control oil port of the hydraulic control check valve 25 and the relief valve 26 flow back to the oil tank; at the same time, the hydraulic oil in the plunger cylinder 60 flows in the reverse direction through the hydraulic control check valve 25, and then passes through B of the electromagnetic reversing valve 24. and T port flows back to the tank. The pressure relief of plunger cylinder 60 can be completed in 3 seconds.

7. Quick return of press cylinder

The electromagnet DT0 of the electromagnetic relief valve 13 and the electromagnet DT2 of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve 15 are energized - the hydraulic oil of the rated variable plunger pump 10 passes through the one-way valve 14, and the P and A of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve 15 port, the pressing oil cylinder has a rod cavity, the pressing oil cylinder has a rodless cavity, synchronization valve 38 and synchronization valve 42, synchronization valve 41, one-way throttle valve 17, control one-way valve 16, B and T ports of the electro-hydraulic reversing valve 15 , flows back to the fuel tank. At this time, the hydraulic oil pressure is low and the flow rate is large, and the graded variable plunger pump 10 automatically switches to a low-pressure, large-flow operating mode. Rapid retraction of the pressing cylinder - when the thrust plate presses to the limit switch 35, DT0 and DT2 are disconnected, and the rapid retraction of the pressing cylinder ends. Motor 7 is turned off and ready to discharge mud.

The ultra-high-pressure elastic press of the present invention with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate and frame sealing force has the following characteristics:

(1) The thrust plate, filter plate frame and thrust plate of the press are still square. Use four pressing oil cylinders of the same specifications to replace one large oil cylinder. The connection between four press cylinders of the same specifications and the thrust plate is located at the midpoint of the diagonal line of the square, which is the corresponding point of the quarter. In this way, the force transmitted by four press cylinders of the same specification is equal, and the distance between the force transmission point of the cylinder and the middle point of the square, the diagonal point of the square and the midpoint of the side line of the square is equal. Therefore, it can be ensured that the pressing force transmitted to the thrust plate by four pressing cylinders of the same specification is balanced.

(2) The filter plate frame adopts a constant force piston cylinder with a two-stage self-guided sleeve shaft, which can ensure the parallelism of the load-bearing plate frame and the movable plate frame of the filter plate frame during the pressing process; it also ensures that the filter plate frame During the process, the sealing force between the filter plate frame is large enough and remains constant. The guide between the load-bearing plate frame and the movable plate frame is developed and designed as an inner guide of a two-stage guide sleeve working in oil, which greatly reduces wear and frictional resistance.

(3) The surrounding frames of the load-bearing plate frame are made of steel castings, and the process oil passages are made during casting, which solves the difficulty of drilling deep holes (the existing surrounding frames of the load-bearing plate frame are made of square steel ). After machining, the load-bearing plate and frame steel castings have good rigidity and are not easily deformed during the pressing process, which solves the problem of mud spraying caused by the deformation of the plate and frame during the pressing process.

(4) At the connection between the piston rod head and the movable plate frame, an eccentric compensation adjustment ring with an oval inner ring and a circular outer ring can automatically compensate and adjust the mounting holes of the load-bearing plate frame and the movable plate frame. The position error greatly reduces the processing requirements for the mounting holes on the fixed frame and movable frame.

Claims (7)

1. An ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate frame sealing force. It is characterized in that it includes a frame on which several groups of filter plate frames are arranged in sequence; a thrust plate is provided at the front of the frame, and the machine There is a thrust plate at the rear of the frame; the thrust plate and several sets of filter plate frames are installed and fixed on the two girders of the frame; the two girders of the frame are installed and fixed on the base; several sets of filter plate frames are located on the thrust plate, Between the thrust plates; there are water receiving plates on both sides of the lower part of several groups of filter plate frames; there is an oil cylinder mounting seat at the front end of the frame; four press oil cylinders of the same specifications are evenly distributed in the oil cylinder mounting seats, and the pistons of the four press oil cylinders The rods are four piston rods perpendicular to the pressure surface of the thrust plate; the heads of the four piston rods are fixedly connected to the thrust plate; the connection points between the four piston rods and the thrust plate are evenly distributed on the pressure surface of the thrust plate; Wherein, the pressure surface of the thrust plate is square or rectangular; the connection points of the four piston rods and the thrust plate are located at the corresponding points corresponding to the diagonal quarters of the square or rectangular pressure surface of the thrust plate; Each set of filter plate frames consists of: a load-bearing plate frame, several plunger cylinders with self-guided sleeves, a movable plate frame, several connectors and filter accessories; The four pressing oil cylinders are intermittent pressing. During the intermittent pressing process, the overflow valve is forcibly opened to realize the back pressure discharge of the pressure oil in the plunger cylinder and keep the force in the plunger cylinder constant. : The four press oil cylinders are press oil cylinder ①, press oil cylinder ②, press oil cylinder ③, and press oil cylinder ④. The overflow valve includes overflow valve 36, overflow valve 37, overflow valve 39, overflow valve 40, and overflow valve. Valve 43, relief valve 44; During the pressing process, when the pressure of the pressing oil cylinder ④ is greater than that of the pressing oil cylinder ②, the overflow valve 37 is opened so that the pressing oil cylinder ④ discharges oil to the pressing oil cylinder ②; During the pressing process, when the pressure of the pressing oil cylinder ② is greater than that of the pressing oil cylinder ④, the overflow valve 37 is opened so that the pressing oil cylinder ② discharges oil to the pressing oil cylinder ④; During the pressing process, when the pressure of the pressing oil cylinders ② and ④ is greater than that of the pressing oil cylinders ① and ③, the relief valve 39 is opened so that the pressing oil cylinders ② and ④ discharge oil to the pressing oil cylinders ① and ③; During the pressing process, when the pressure of the pressing oil cylinders ① and ③ is greater than that of the pressing oil cylinders ② and ④, the relief valve 40 is opened so that the pressing oil cylinders ① and ③ discharge oil to the pressing oil cylinders ② and ④; During the pressing process, when the pressure of the pressing oil cylinder ① is greater than that of the pressing oil cylinder ③, the overflow valve 43 is opened so that the pressing oil cylinder ① discharges oil to the pressing oil cylinder ③; During the pressing process, when the pressure of the pressing oil cylinder ③ is greater than that of the pressing oil cylinder ①, the overflow valve 44 is opened so that the pressing oil cylinder ③ discharges oil to the pressing oil cylinder ①; Each plunger cylinder is equipped with a two-stage guide mechanism, which includes a two-stage guide sleeve; each plunger cylinder includes a cylinder body, a cylinder bottom and a plunger rod; the plunger rod also serves as a primary guide shaft and a secondary guide sleeve; The bottom of the cylinder includes a bottom round block and a convex rod protruding from the middle part of the bottom round block and perpendicular to the bottom round block. The convex rod at the bottom of the cylinder serves as a secondary guide shaft; there is a cavity inside the rear section of the plunger rod. The rear section is set outside the convex rod at the bottom of the cylinder, that is, the rear section of the plunger rod is hollowed out into a cavity corresponding to the convex rod that can accommodate the convex rod. The plunger rod also serves as a secondary guide sleeve, that is, a secondary guide. The shaft is the guide sleeve of the convex rod at the bottom of the cylinder; the head of the plunger rod is solid, and the head of the plunger rod is inserted into the mounting hole of the movable plate frame; the cylinder body is cylindrical and is set inside the load-bearing plate frame The concave hole is the installation hole; there is a flange on the head of the cylinder, and the cylinder is fixedly connected to the load-bearing plate frame through the flange and the fixing screws around it; the bottom of the cylinder is set outside the bottom round block at the bottom of the cylinder; the cylinder The front part is sleeved outside the plunger rod, and the cylinder also serves as the first-level guide sleeve seat, that is, the first-level guide shaft is the guide sleeve seat of the plunger rod; An eccentricity compensation adjustment ring is provided in the installation hole of the movable plate frame where it meets the piston rod head; the inner ring of the eccentricity compensation adjustment ring is oval and the outer ring is circular. The inner ring of the installation hole of the movable plate frame is The outer ring of the piston rod head is round; the outer ring of the eccentric compensation adjustment ring fits the inner ring of the mounting hole of the movable plate frame, and there is a gap between the inner ring of the eccentric compensation adjustment ring and the outer ring of the piston rod head. There is a gap within which the piston rod head can deflect slightly. 2. The ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant sealing force of the filter plate frame as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that there are connected process oil passages inside the four peripheral frames of the load-bearing plate frame; The bottom of one side of the force plate frame is provided with the main inlet and outlet of the process oil passage, that is, there is a joint for the inlet and return oil pipes; one or more groups of process oil inlets and outlets are provided on the cylinder cylinder of each plunger cylinder. The group includes a process oil inlet on one side and a process oil outlet on the other side; the process oil inlet and outlet are connected to the gap between the cylinder body and the plunger rod; the gap between the cylinder body and the plunger rod is used for each plunger cylinder. Shared oil inlet and return channels; there is a cavity inside the cylinder bottom; there is a certain gap between the outer wall of the cylinder and the load-bearing plate frame, and there is also a certain gap between the cylinder body, the bottom of the cylinder bottom and the load-bearing plate frame , these gaps are connected and communicate with the cavity inside the cylinder bottom; these gaps and the cavity inside the cylinder bottom are the oil inlet and return channels of each plunger cylinder. 3. The ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate frame sealing force as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that a first wear-resistant ring is provided at the junction between the outer wall of the plunger rod and the inner wall of the cylinder. , as a first-level guide sleeve; at the junction of the inner wall of the cavity in the rear section of the plunger rod and the convex rod at the bottom of the cylinder, there is a second wear-resistant ring, which serves as a second-level guide sleeve; the first-level guide sleeve and the second-level guide sleeve adopt The material is polyacetal wear-resistant ring. 4. The ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant sealing force of the filter plate frame as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the first-level guide sleeve seat, that is, the inner wall of the cylinder cylinder consists of two circles of deep grooves plus a middle one. It is composed of a ring of shallow inner bumps, that is, the first-level guide sleeve seat is a concave-convex structure formed by a circle of shallow inner bumps in the middle of two deep grooves; the second-level guide sleeve seat, that is, the inner wall of the cavity in the rear section of the plunger rod is composed of two deep rings. The groove is composed of a circle of shallow inner bumps in the middle, that is, the secondary guide sleeve is a concave-convex structure formed by a circle of shallow inner bumps in the middle of two circles of deep grooves. 5. The ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant filter plate and frame sealing force as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the piston rod head is provided with screw holes, and the movable plate frame is also provided with corresponding screws. These two screw holes, namely the screw hole of the piston rod and the screw hole of the movable plate frame, are equipped with connecting screws. There are spring washers to prevent loosening between the connecting screws and the screw holes of the movable plate frame. 6. The ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant sealing force of the filter plate and frame as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the oil cylinder port and the piston rod are connected between the cylinder body of the plunger cylinder and the load-bearing plate frame. A dust-proof sealing ring is provided at the connection point to prevent dust from the plunger cylinder. 7. The ultra-high-pressure elastic press with balanced pressing force and constant sealing force of the filter plate and frame as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, at the junction between the cylinder body of the plunger cylinder and the load-bearing plate frame, there is an O-shaped The sealing ring serves as the static seal of the plunger cylinder.