CN108633397A - A kind of Miniature potato planter setting sowing depth and profiling limit deep ditching device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of Miniature potato planter setting sowing depth and the deep devices of profiling limit, it is arranged in the lower section of the seeding frame of Miniature potato planter, including gauge wheel, plough, supporting rack, spring-compressed regulating mechanism, depth adjusting mechanism and parallelogram mechanism.The configuration of the present invention is simple, easy to adjust, reliable operation, by changing the circular hole on the adjustable plate that locking pin is passed through to adjust depth of planting, achieve the purpose that plough profiling limit is deep under the common restrict effect of the support of gauge wheel, spring-compressed regulating device and parallelogram mechanism；Seeding frame is supported using compression spring; plough front end is rotation connection relationship with parallelogram mechanism; and the shovel cutting blade curve of plough furrowing blade is spiral of Archimedes structure and its basil is 45 °; therefore seeder in seeding process when furrowing blade encounters the hard objects such as stone; plough can be lifted and carry out avoidance automatically, realize self-protection function.

Description

A micro-potato planter sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device for a miniature potato planter.

Background technique

At present, potato sowing in my country is mainly diced potato, which is easy to cause virus infection, and the rate of missed seeding during mechanical sowing is high, resulting in a decline in potato yield and quality. In order to solve the above problems, virus-free micro-potatoes ("mini-potatoes" for short) came into being and the sowing area increased year by year. However, most of the sowing of miniature tubers in my country is done manually, the production cost is high, and the quality of sowing is poor, while the planting machinery for sowing miniature tubers is still in its infancy. Due to the vast territory of our country, different agricultural areas have different agronomic requirements for potato planting. At the same time, due to the low flatness of the planting plots, the sowing depth stability of the micro-potato planter is poor.

Looking at the current situation of the potato production industry, there is an urgent need for a miniature potato planter that can adjust the sowing depth and limit the depth of the profiling according to the agronomic requirements of different farming areas and the surface fluctuations.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device that can adjust the depth of planting, limit the depth of profiling, and avoid obstacles with openers according to the agronomic requirements of different farming areas and surface fluctuations, and has a simple structure, convenient adjustment, and easy operation. Reliable micro-potato planter sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device to improve the sowing quality of the micro-potato planter.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The present invention provides a micro-potato planter sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device, which is arranged under the seeding rack 15 of the micro-potato planter. The device includes a depth-limiting wheel 1, a ditch opener, a support frame, Spring compression adjustment mechanism, depth adjustment mechanism and parallelogram mechanism;

The lower front end of the opener is fixedly connected with a ditching shovel 5;

The support frame includes a right support rod 7, a left support rod 8 and a support beam 9; the right support rod 7 and the left support rod 8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the opener; the left support rod 8 and the right support rod 7 The front end is respectively connected to the upper front end of the opener through connecting bolts 10; the rear ends of the left support rod 8 and the right support rod 7 are respectively connected to the wheel shaft of the depth gauge wheel 1; the left and right ends of the support beam 9 are respectively connected to The middle parts of the left support rod 8 and the right support rod 7 are affixed, and the middle part of the upper surface of the support beam 9 is provided with fixed ears;

Described spring compression adjusting mechanism comprises spring bar 13, stage clip 14 and limit pin 17; The bar body of described spring bar 13 is arranged with a plurality of limit holes equidistantly along its length direction, and spring bar 13 vertically from Pass in the through hole of the position-limiting lug 16 of the seeding frame 15 rear end of miniature potato planter, the lower end of spring bar 13 is connected with the fixed lug of support crossbeam 9 rotation; On the bar body of the spring bar 13 between the ear 16 and the fixed ear of the support crossbeam 9; position; the compression amount of the compression spring 14 is adjusted by the limit pin 17 passing through different limit holes on the spring rod 13;

The depth adjustment device includes an adjustment plate 18 and a locking pin 19;

The adjusting plate 18 is fixedly installed on the upper rear end of the opener; on the adjusting plate 18, a plurality of depth adjusting holes 11 are equidistantly opened, and the depth adjusting holes 11 are connected to a connecting bolt at the front end of the right support rod 7. 10 is on the circular arc of the center of circle; the locking pin 19 passes through the depth adjustment hole 11 of the right support rod 7 and the adjustment plate 18 to fix the right support rod 7 and the adjustment plate 18;

The opener adjusts the up and down position of the depth gauge wheel 1 relative to the opener through locking pins 19 passing through different depth adjustment holes 11 on the adjustment plate 18;

The parallelogram mechanism includes a hitch 26, a pair of upper connecting plates 23 and lower connecting plates 24 parallel to each other;

The front and rear ends of the upper connecting plate 23 and the lower connecting plate 24 are provided with connecting holes 28, and the front ends of the upper connecting plate 23 and the lower connecting plate 24 pass through the hitch frame 26 and the connecting hole 28 to rotate through bolts. It is connected to the middle part of the bottom plate of the seeding frame 15 of the miniature potato planter; the rear end of the upper connecting plate 23 and the lower connecting plate 24 is passed through the connecting hole 28 by bolts and is connected to the front end upper part of the opener.

The ditch opener includes a right guard 2 and a left guard 3 symmetrically arranged left and right, and an inner partition 4;

The left guard plate 3 includes a left vertical guard plate 301, a left front connecting plate 302 and a left ditching plate; the right guard plate 2 includes a right standing guard plate 201, a right front connecting plate 202 and a right ditching plate 203; Partition plate 4 comprises connecting partition plate 401, oblique seed baffle 402 and vertical seed baffle 403 affixed in sequence;

Wherein, the left vertical guard plate 301 and the right vertical guard plate 201 are parallel to each other, the front end of the left vertical guard plate 301 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the left front connecting plate 302, and the front end of the right vertical guard plate 201 is connected with the rear end of the right front connecting plate 202. The front end of the left front connecting plate 302 is fixed to the front end of the right front connecting plate 202; the lower ends of the left ditching plate and the right ditching plate 203 are affixed to each other, and the upper end of the left ditching plate is connected to the left vertical guard plate 301 is affixed to the lower end of the left front connecting plate 302, and the upper end of the right ditching plate 203 is fixed to the lower end of the right vertical guard plate 201 and the right front connecting plate 202; the connecting partition 401 is obliquely fixed on the left front connecting plate 302 and On the upper part of the front end of the right front connecting plate 202, a pair of connecting lugs 6 are fixed symmetrically to the left and right ends of the connecting partition plate 401; The inclined seed shield 402 is located between the left front connecting plate 302 and the right front connecting plate 202 ; the vertical seed shield 403 is located between the left vertical guard plate 301 and the right vertical guard plate 201 .

The front ends of the left support rod 8 and the right support rod 7 are respectively rotatably connected to the outer surfaces of the connecting lugs 6 connecting the left and right ends of the partition 401;

The adjusting plate 18 is fixedly installed on the upper rear end of the right guard plate 2;

The rear ends of the upper connecting plate 23 and the lower connecting plate 24 are rotatably connected to the openers through the connecting lugs 6 connecting the left and right ends of the dividing plate 401 and the connecting holes 28 through bolts.

The lower end of the ditching shovel 5 is located on the same plane as the lower ends of the left ditching plate and the right ditching plate 203 .

The seed-facing surfaces of the inclined seed-blocking plate 402 and the vertical seed-blocking plate 403 are pasted with cushioning elastic materials.

The cutting edge curve of the ditching shovel 5 is an Archimedes spiral, and the spiral radius gradually decreases from top to bottom.

The blade angle of the ditching shovel 5 is 45°.

The rear portion of the right support bar 7 and the left support bar 8 is provided with a scraper 12 for removing the soil stuck on the depth gauge wheel 1, and the scraper 12 is a "U" shape with an opening downward, located at In front of depth gauge wheel 1.

The depth adjustment mechanism further includes a round head square diameter bolt 20, a spacer 21 and a rotary handle 22;

The adjusting plate 18 is further provided with an arc-shaped long hole 27, the arc-shaped long hole 27 is located behind the depth adjustment hole 11, and is set on the same circle center as the arc where the depth adjustment hole 11 is located;

Described semicircle head square diameter bolt 20 passes right support rod 7 and the arc-shaped long hole 27 of adjusting plate 18, and cooperates with spacer 21 and rotary handle 22, and right supporting rod 7 is further fixed with adjusting plate 18, ensures The tight connection between the depth gauge wheel 1 and the opener.

The front and rear ends of the upper connecting plate 23 and the lower connecting plate 24 are provided with an oil filling valve 25 for injecting lubricating oil into the connecting cavity 28 .

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient adjustment and reliable operation. By changing the round hole on the adjustment plate through which the locking pin passes and tightening the rotating handle to adjust the sowing depth, the support of the depth-limiting wheel, the spring compression adjustment device and the parallelogram mechanism The purpose of the opener profiling and depth limit is achieved under the common constraints of the opener; at the same time, since the opener sowing device uses a compression spring to support the seeding frame, the front end of the opener is in a rotational connection with the parallelogram mechanism, and the opening The cutting edge curve of the trencher ditching shovel is an Archimedes spiral structure and its edge angle is 45°, so when the planter encounters hard objects such as stones during the planting process, the ditching opener will Carry out automatic lifting to avoid obstacles and realize self-protection function. And because the shovel cutting edge curve is an Archimedes spiral structure, during the contact process between stones and other obstacles and the ditching shovel of the opener, the spiral radius of the contact point gradually decreases, according to the Archimedes spiral Features, more conducive to the lifting of the opener to avoid obstacles. At the same time, the Archimedes spiral structure of the cutting edge of the ditching shovel greatly enhances the strength of the opener, further avoiding damage to the opener. In addition, the ditching shovel on the opener is fixed to the second lug of the opener through bolts and nuts, which facilitates the replacement of the ditching shovel and improves the ditching adaptability of the opener according to different soil conditions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of miniature potato planter sowing depth adjustment and profiling limit depth ditching device of the present invention;

Figure 2a is a schematic structural view of the opener;

Figure 2b is a schematic structural view of the inner partition 4;

Fig. 2c is a structural schematic diagram of ditching shovel 5;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of support frame;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the moldboard 12;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of spring bar 13;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the depth adjustment mechanism;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of adjusting plate 18;

Fig. 8 is the schematic structural view of the upper connecting rod 23 and the lower connecting plate 24 of the parallelogram mechanism;

FIG. 9 is a front view of the planting depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device of the miniature potato planter installed on the seeding frame 15 of the present invention.

The reference signs therein are:

1 Depth gauge wheel 2 Right guard

201 Right vertical guard plate 202 Right front connecting plate

203 right ditch plate 3 left guard plate

301 Left vertical guard plate 302 Left front connecting plate

4 inner partitions 401 connecting partitions

402 oblique seed shield 403 vertical seed shield

404 reinforced plate 5 ditching shovel

6 Connecting Lug 7 Right Support Rod

8 Left support rod 9 Support beam

10 Connecting bolt 11 Depth adjustment hole

12 Moldboard 13 Spring bar

14 pressure spring 15 seed rack

16 seed rack lug 17 limit pin

18 Adjusting plate 19 Locking pin

20 round head square diameter bolts 21 pads

22 rotary handle 23 upper connecting plate

24 Lower connecting plate 25 Oil injection valve

26 hanger 27 arc long hole

28 connection holes

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1 and 9, a miniature potato planter sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device is arranged under the seed rack 15 of the miniature potato planter, including a depth-limiting wheel 1 and a ditch opener. , support frame, spring compression adjustment mechanism, depth adjustment mechanism and parallelogram mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 9 , the rear end of the seed rack 15 is provided with a limiting lug 16 .

As shown in Figures 2a, 2b and 2c, a trenching shovel 5 is fixedly connected to the lower front end of the opener.

The opener includes a right guard plate 2 and a left guard plate 3 arranged symmetrically from left to right, and an inner partition 4 .

The left guard plate 3 includes a left vertical guard plate 301 , a left front connecting plate 302 and a left ditching plate; the right guard plate 2 includes a right standing guard plate 201 , a right front connecting plate 202 and a right ditching plate 203 . The inner partition 4 includes a connecting partition 401 , an oblique seed shield 402 and a vertical seed shield 403 which are sequentially fixed.

Wherein, the left vertical guard plate 301 and the right vertical guard plate 201 are parallel to each other, the front end of the left vertical guard plate 301 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the left front connecting plate 302, and the front end of the right vertical guard plate 201 is connected with the rear end of the right front connecting plate 202. The ends are affixed; the front end of the left front connecting plate 302 and the front end of the right front connecting plate 202 are affixed to each other. The lower ends of the left ditching plate and the right ditching plate 203 are affixed to each other, the upper end of the left ditching plate is affixed to the lower end of the left vertical guard plate 301 and the left front connecting plate 302, and the upper end of the right ditching plate 203 is connected to the right vertical The lower end of the guard plate 201 and the right front connecting plate 202 is affixed. The connecting partition 401 is obliquely fixed on the upper parts of the front ends of the left front connecting plate 302 and the right front connecting plate 202 , and a pair of connecting lugs 6 are symmetrically fixed on the left and right ends of the connecting partition 401 . The ditching shovel 5 is fixedly connected to the lower parts of the front ends of the left front connecting plate 302 and the right front connecting plate 202 . The oblique seed blocking plate 402 is located between the left front connecting plate 302 and the right front connecting plate 202, and is used to guide the miniature potato seeds irregularly dropped from the seed discharge port due to vibration and other reasons to the planting area during the sowing operation. In the seed ditch; The vertical seed baffle 403 is located between the left vertical guard 301 and the right vertical guard 201, and is used to stop the miniature potato seeds falling into the seed ditch from bouncing forward.

Preferably, cushioning elastic materials, such as rubber, are pasted on the seed-facing surfaces of the inclined seed shield 402 and the vertical seed shield 403 .

Preferably, a reinforcing plate 404 is fixedly connected to the lower part between the left front connecting plate 302 and the right front connecting plate 202 .

As shown in Figure 2c, the cutting edge curve of the ditching shovel 5 is an Archimedes spiral, and the spiral radius gradually decreases from top to bottom; the edge angle of the ditching shovel 5 is 45°.

The lower end of the ditching shovel 5 is located on the same plane as the lower ends of the left ditching plate and the right ditching plate 203 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the support frame includes a right support rod 7 , a left support rod 8 and a support beam 9 . The right support rod 7 and the left support rod 8 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the opener; The outer surface is rotatably connected; the rear ends of the left support rod 8 and the right support rod 7 are respectively rotatably connected with the axle of the depth-gauge wheel 1 . The left and right ends of the support beam 9 are fixedly connected to the middle parts of the left support rod 8 and the right support rod 7 respectively, and the middle part of the upper surface of the support beam 9 is provided with fixing ears.

As shown in Figure 4, preferably, the rear portion of the right support rod 7 and the left support rod 8 is provided with a scraper 12 for removing the soil stuck on the depth gauge wheel 1, and the scraper 12 is an opening The downward "U" shape is located in front of the depth gauge wheel 1.

The spring compression adjustment mechanism includes a spring rod 13 , a compression spring 14 and a limit pin 17 . As shown in Figure 5, a plurality of position-limiting holes are equidistantly arranged on the body of the spring bar 13 along its length direction, and the spring bar 13 vertically protrudes from the position-limiting hole at the rear end of the seeding rack 15 of the miniature potato planter. Pass through the through hole of the ear 16, the lower end of the spring rod 13 is rotatably connected with the fixed ear of the support beam 9 by a bolt; On the rod body of the spring rod 13. The limit pin 17 passes through the limit hole on the rod body of the spring rod 13 above the limit lug 16 to limit the spring rod 13 . The compression amount of the compression spring 14 is adjusted by the limit pin 17 passing through different limit holes on the spring rod 13, thereby adjusting the falling seed height of the seeder.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the depth adjustment device includes an adjustment plate 18 and a locking pin 19 .

As shown in FIG. 7 , the adjusting plate 18 is fixedly installed on the upper rear end of the right guard plate 2 . A plurality of depth adjustment holes 11 are equally spaced on the adjustment plate 18 , and the depth adjustment holes 11 are on an arc line with the connecting bolt 10 at the front end of the right support rod 7 as the center of the circle. The locking pin 19 passes through the depth adjustment hole 11 of the right support rod 7 and the adjustment plate 18 to fix the right support rod 7 and the adjustment plate 18 .

The opener passes through the different depth adjustment holes 11 on the adjustment plate 18 through the locking pin 19 to adjust the upper and lower positions of the depth-gauge wheel 1 relative to the opener, and then adjusts the trenching depth in the sowing operation process (i.e. depth).

Preferably, the depth adjustment mechanism further includes a square head bolt 20 , a spacer 21 and a rotary handle 22 .

The adjustment plate 18 is further provided with an arc-shaped long hole 27 , the arc-shaped long hole 27 is located behind the depth adjustment hole 11 , and is set on the same circle center as the arc where the depth adjustment hole 11 is located.

Described semicircle head square diameter bolt 20 passes right support rod 7 and the arc-shaped long hole 27 of adjusting plate 18, and cooperates with spacer 21 and rotary handle 22, and right supporting rod 7 is further fixed with adjusting plate 18, ensures The tight connection between the depth gauge wheel 1 and the opener.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the parallelogram mechanism includes a hanger 26 , a pair of upper connecting plates 23 and lower connecting plates 24 parallel to each other.

The front and rear ends of the upper connecting plate 23 and the lower connecting plate 24 are provided with connecting holes 28, and the front ends of the upper connecting plate 23 and the lower connecting plate 24 pass through the hitch frame 26 and the connecting hole 28 to rotate through bolts. Connected to the middle part of the bottom plate of the seeding rack 15 of the miniature potato planter; the rear ends of the upper connecting plate 23 and the lower connecting plate 24 pass through the connecting lugs 6 and the connecting cavity 28 at the left and right ends of the connecting partition 401 through bolts to rotate Attached to openers.

Preferably, the front and rear ends of the upper connecting plate 23 and the lower connecting plate 24 are provided with oil injection valves 25 for injecting lubricating oil into the connecting holes 28 .

Working process of the present invention is as follows:

As shown in FIG. 9 , the sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device of the miniature potato planter of the present invention is installed on the seeding frame 15 . By changing the depth adjustment hole 11 of the adjustment plate 18 through which the locking pin 19 passes, and tightening the rotary handle 22, the sowing depth is adjusted; the stage clip 14 is adjusted by the limit pin 17 passing through different limit holes on the spring rod 13 The amount of compression, and then adjust the seeding height of the planter; under the joint constraints of the support of the depth-gauge wheel 1, the spring compression adjustment mechanism and the parallelogram mechanism, the opener can move up and down to achieve the purpose of profiling depth limit ; Simultaneously, owing to adopt stage clip 14 to support seeding frame 15, the rotation connection relation of ditch opener front end and parallelogram mechanism, and the ditch shovel shovel cutting edge curve of ditch opener is Archimedes spiral line, and The spiral radius gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the blade angle is 45°. Therefore, when the drill shovel 5 encounters hard objects such as stones during the planting process, the opener will automatically lift to avoid obstacles, realizing Self-protection of openers to avoid damage to openers.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of miniature potato planter planting depth adjustment and profiling limit depth ditching device, is arranged in the below of the seed rack (15) of miniature potato planter, it is characterized in that: The device includes a depth gauge wheel (1), a ditch opener, a support frame, a spring compression adjustment mechanism, a depth adjustment mechanism and a parallelogram mechanism; A ditching shovel (5) is fixedly connected to the lower front end of the ditcher; The support frame includes a right support rod (7), a left support rod (8) and a support beam (9); the right support rod (7) and the left support rod (8) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the opener; The front ends of the left support bar (8) and the right support bar (7) are respectively connected with the front end upper part of the opener by connecting bolts (10); the rear ends of the left support bar (8) and the right support bar (7) are respectively connected with The wheel shaft of the depth gauge wheel (1) is rotationally connected; the left and right ends of the support beam (9) are fixedly connected to the middle parts of the left support bar (8) and the right support bar (7) respectively, and the support beam (9) Fixed ears are arranged in the middle of the upper surface; The spring compression adjustment mechanism includes a spring rod (13), a compression spring (14) and a limit pin (17); the rod body of the spring rod (13) is equidistantly arranged with a plurality of limit holes along its length direction , the spring bar (13) passes through the through hole of the stop lug (16) vertically from the seeding frame (15) rear end of the miniature potato planter, and the lower end of the spring bar (13) is connected with the support beam (9) The fixing lugs are rotationally connected; the clip spring (14) is sleeved on the rod body of the spring rod (13) between the limiting lug (16) and the fixing lug of the support beam (9); the limiting pin (17) Pass the limit hole on the rod body of the spring rod (13) above the limit lug (16) to limit the spring rod (13); pass the spring rod (13) through the limit pin (17) Different limit holes are used to adjust the compression of stage clip (14); The depth adjustment device includes an adjustment plate (18) and a locking pin (19); The adjusting plate (18) is fixedly mounted on the upper rear end of the opener; a plurality of depth adjusting holes (11) are equally spaced on the adjusting plate (18), and the depth adjusting holes (11) are arranged on a line of The connecting bolt (10) at the front end of the right support rod (7) is on the circular arc of the center; the locking pin (19) passes through the depth adjustment hole (11) of the right support rod (7) and the adjustment plate (18) ) fix the right support rod (7) and the adjusting plate (18); The opener adjusts the upper and lower positions of the depth gauge wheel (1) relative to the opener through locking pins (19) passing through different depth adjustment holes (11) on the adjustment plate (18); The parallelogram mechanism includes a hitch (26), a pair of upper connecting plates (23) and lower connecting plates (24) parallel to each other; The front and rear ends of the upper connecting plate (23) and the lower connecting plate (24) are provided with connecting holes (28), and the front ends of the upper connecting plate (23) and the lower connecting plate (24) are passed through by bolts. The hitch (26) and the connecting cavity (28) are rotatably connected to the bottom plate middle part of the seeding frame (15) of the miniature potato planter; the rear end of the upper connecting plate (23) and the lower connecting plate (24) passes The bolt passes through the connection cavity (28) and is connected to the upper front end of the opener in rotation. 2. The micro-potato planter sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ditch opener includes a right guard plate (2) and a left guard plate (3) symmetrically arranged left and right, and an inner partition (4); Described left guard plate (3) comprises left vertical guard plate (301), left front connecting plate (302) and left ditching plate; Described right guard plate (2) comprises right vertical guard plate (201), right front connecting plate ( 202) and the right ditch plate (203); the inner partition (4) includes a connecting partition (401), an oblique seed baffle (402) and a vertical seed baffle (403) affixed in sequence; Wherein, the left vertical guard (301) and the right vertical guard (201) are parallel to each other, the front end of the left vertical guard (301) is affixed to the rear end of the left front connecting plate (302), and the right vertical guard (201) ) is affixed to the rear end of the right front connecting plate (202); the front end of the left front connecting plate (302) is affixed to the front end of the right front connecting plate (202); the left ditching plate and the right ditching plate (203 ) are affixed to each other, the upper end of the left ditching plate is affixed to the lower end of the left vertical guard plate (301) and the left front connecting plate (302), the upper end of the right ditching plate (203) is connected to the right vertical guard plate (201) It is affixed to the lower end of the right front connecting plate (202); the connecting partition (401) is obliquely fixed on the upper part of the front end of the left front connecting plate (302) and the right front connecting plate (202), and the connecting partition (401) A pair of connecting lugs (6) are fixed symmetrically at the left and right ends; the ditching shovel (5) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the front ends of the left front connecting plate (302) and the right front connecting plate (202); (402) is located between the left front connecting plate (302) and the right front connecting plate (202); the vertical seed shield (403) is located between the left standing guard plate (301) and the right standing guard plate (201). 3. The micro-potato planter sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front ends of the left support rod (8) and the right support rod (7) are respectively rotatably connected to the outer surfaces of the connecting lugs (6) connecting the left and right ends of the partition (401); The adjusting plate (18) is fixedly installed on the upper rear end of the right guard plate (2); The rear ends of the upper connecting plate (23) and the lower connecting plate (24) pass through the connecting lugs (6) and the connecting holes (28) connecting the left and right ends of the dividing plate (401) and are connected to the opener by bolts. superior. 4. The micro-potato planter sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the ditching shovel (5) is located on the same plane as the lower ends of the left ditching plate and the right ditching plate (203). 5. The micro-potato seeder sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The seed facing faces of the inclined seed shield (402) and the vertical seed shield (403) are pasted with cushioning elastic materials. 6. The sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device of a miniature potato planter according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The shovel cutting edge curve of the ditching shovel (5) is an Archimedes spiral, and the spiral radius gradually decreases from top to bottom. 7. The sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device of a miniature potato planter according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The blade angle of the ditching shovel (5) is 45°. 8. The sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device of a miniature potato planter according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The rear portion of the right support rod (7) and the left support rod (8) is provided with a soil scraper (12) for removing the soil stuck on the depth gauge wheel (1), and the scraper (12) is The downward "U" shape is located in front of the depth gauge wheel (1). 9. The sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device of a miniature potato planter according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The depth adjustment mechanism further includes a round head square diameter bolt (20), a spacer (21) and a rotary handle (22); The adjusting plate (18) is further provided with an arc-shaped slot (27), and the arc-shaped slot (27) is located behind the depth adjustment hole (11), and is aligned with the arc of the depth adjustment hole (11). Concentric setting; Said half-round head square diameter bolt (20) passes through the arc-shaped long hole (27) of the right support rod (7) and the adjustment plate (18), and cooperates with the spacer (21) and the rotary handle (22), and the The right support rod (7) is further fixed with the adjustment plate (18) to ensure the tight connection between the depth gauge wheel (1) and the opener. 10. The sowing depth adjustment and profiling depth-limiting ditching device of a miniature potato planter according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The front and rear ends of the upper connecting plate (23) and the lower connecting plate (24) are provided with an oil filling valve (25) for injecting lubricating oil into the connecting cavity (28).