CN108621797B - Rail vehicle and power supply system and variable frequency air conditioning system thereof - Google Patents
Rail vehicle and power supply system and variable frequency air conditioning system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108621797B CN108621797B CN201710167148.8A CN201710167148A CN108621797B CN 108621797 B CN108621797 B CN 108621797B CN 201710167148 A CN201710167148 A CN 201710167148A CN 108621797 B CN108621797 B CN 108621797B
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- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 102
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- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 5
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
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Abstract
The invention provides a power supply system and a variable frequency air conditioning system of a railway vehicle and the railway vehicle applying the power supply system and the variable frequency air conditioning system, which are used for improving the power supply efficiency of various electric loads in the railway vehicle on the whole, in particular for improving the running performance of variable frequency loads in the railway vehicle. In a power supply system of a rail vehicle, direct current obtained from the outside of the rail vehicle is transmitted to a main power bus, and the power supply system comprises a variable frequency load direct current bus for supplying power to a variable frequency load and a variable frequency load power conversion device which is connected between the main power bus and the variable frequency load direct current bus and converts direct current voltage of the main power bus into first direct current voltage; the low-voltage power supply conversion device is connected between the main power supply bus and the low-voltage direct-current bus and converts the direct-current voltage of the main power supply bus into second direct-current voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a railway vehicle, in particular to a power supply system and a variable frequency air conditioning system in the railway vehicle.
Background
It is now common for electric locomotives to be rail vehicles, such as subways, light rails or high-speed rails, to which high-voltage direct current power obtained from outside the rail vehicle is supplied to a power bus of the rail vehicle. And the power module arranged in the rail vehicle converts the power provided by the power bus and then supplies the converted power to each load on the rail vehicle. There are many other loads in existing rail vehicles besides the main traction system and lighting loads, such as air conditioning systems, emergency ventilation systems, etc. How to reasonably design the structure of a power supply system in a railway vehicle according to load characteristics is a problem to be considered.
The inverter air conditioning system widely used in the existing railway vehicle is developed based on a three-phase alternating current 380V bus, the inverter air conditioning system and other loads on the railway vehicle share the three-phase alternating current 380V bus, and an auxiliary inverter on the railway vehicle obtains direct current from a contact net and inverts the direct current into the three-phase alternating current 380V, and then the three-phase alternating current 380V bus is conveyed to the auxiliary inverter. The inverter air conditioner obtains power from a three-phase alternating current 380V bus and then performs inverter transformation conversion to control the operation of the inverter air conditioner, although the scheme realizes inverter control of the air conditioner, the efficiency of the operation of the air conditioner is increased. However, the scheme adds a variable voltage and variable frequency link on the basis of the fixed frequency air conditioner topology, so that the power conversion efficiency is reduced. In addition, the problem of matching between the frequency converter and the auxiliary inverter easily causes the breakdown of the 380V bus.
In the prior art, a power conversion device is also used for reducing high-voltage direct current obtained from the outside of a railway vehicle to 600V direct current on a direct current supply bus. Since the storage battery and the lighting equipment on the vehicle use 110V dc, a power conversion module is also needed to step down the 600V dc to 110V dc for supplying power to the storage battery and the lighting equipment. Other loads such as an air conditioning unit, an air compressor and a fan are provided with inverters to convert 600V direct current, namely, all direct current loads share a 600V direct current bus.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a power supply system of a railway vehicle, a variable frequency air conditioning system and the railway vehicle, which are used for improving the power supply efficiency of various electric loads in the railway vehicle on the whole, in particular for improving the power supply efficiency of variable frequency loads in the railway vehicle.
A first aspect of the present invention provides a power supply system for a rail vehicle, including a main power bus to which direct-current power obtained from outside of the rail vehicle is transmitted, and may further include:
the system comprises a variable-frequency load direct-current bus for supplying power to a variable-frequency load in the railway vehicle and a variable-frequency load power supply conversion device which is connected between a main power supply bus and the variable-frequency load direct-current bus and converts the direct-current voltage of the main power supply bus into a first direct-current voltage; and
the low-voltage direct-current bus supplies power to other loads except for the variable-frequency load in the railway vehicle, and the low-voltage power supply conversion device is connected between the main power supply bus and the low-voltage direct-current bus and converts the direct-current voltage of the main power supply bus into second direct-current voltage.
In order to ensure the running performance of the variable frequency load, mainly the running reliability of a variable frequency air conditioner system and give full play to the good control performance of the variable frequency air conditioner, the embodiment of the invention arranges an independent direct current power supply bus for the variable frequency load in a power supply system of a railway vehicle, and the power supply voltage of the direct current power supply bus is arranged according to the power supply voltage of the variable frequency air conditioner in the vehicle, thereby providing a stable and reliable power supply for the air conditioner system. And because the air conditioning system is provided with the independent direct current power supply bus, the output of the air conditioning system can be flexibly controlled according to the electric energy which can be provided by the direct current power supply bus under the condition of not influencing other loads, and even if the operation of a single air conditioner in the air conditioning system fails, the normal operation of the load which is powered by other power supply buses cannot be influenced, so that the operation reliability of the whole railway vehicle is also improved.
In the power supply system of the rail vehicle, the number of the variable-frequency load power conversion devices is N, the variable-frequency load direct-current buses comprise N +1 variable-frequency load direct-current bus sections, the variable-frequency load direct-current bus sections at two ends are connected with one variable-frequency load power conversion device through fuses, each variable-frequency load direct-current bus section in the middle position is simultaneously connected with two variable-frequency load power conversion devices through fuses, each variable-frequency load power conversion device is simultaneously connected to two adjacent variable-frequency load direct-current bus sections, each variable-frequency load direct-current bus section is connected with partial variable-frequency loads in the rail vehicle, N is an integer larger than or equal to 1, and when N is equal to 1, each variable-frequency load direct-current bus comprises 2 variable-frequency load direct-current bus sections at two ends. Therefore, when the frequency conversion load on one frequency conversion load direct current bus section breaks down, the frequency conversion load direct current bus section where the fault load is located is separated from the frequency conversion load power supply conversion device under the action of the fuse, and the normal power supply of other frequency conversion load direct current bus sections and the normal operation of the connected frequency conversion load can not be influenced.
In the power supply system of the rail vehicle, the variable frequency load power supply conversion device comprises two or more converters which are connected in parallel and respectively convert the direct current voltage of the main power bus into the first direct current voltage. The redundancy configuration greatly improves the power supply reliability of the variable frequency load direct current bus.
The power supply system of the railway vehicle further comprises a detection circuit for detecting the voltage to earth of the positive bus and the negative bus of the variable-frequency load direct-current bus, wherein the absolute value of the voltage of the positive bus in the variable-frequency load direct-current bus is equal to that of the voltage of the negative bus; and the voltage comparison circuit is used for judging whether the variable-frequency load direct-current bus has a fault according to the detection result of the detection circuit.
The invention also provides a variable-frequency air conditioning system of the railway vehicle, which comprises an air conditioning system controller and the power supply system, wherein the variable-frequency air conditioner comprises a variable-voltage variable-frequency inverter for controlling the operation of an air conditioning compressor and a constant-voltage constant-frequency inverter for controlling the operation of an air conditioning condenser and a ventilator, and the variable-voltage variable-frequency inverter and the constant-voltage constant-frequency inverter are both supplied with power by the variable-frequency load direct-current bus. Further, the voltage and frequency conversion inverter comprises two parallel-connected inverters; or the variable frequency air conditioner also comprises a booster circuit, and the air conditioning system controller controls the booster circuit to boost the direct current output by the storage battery and then supply power to the constant voltage and constant frequency inverter when the variable frequency load direct current bus fails.
The variable frequency air conditioner system of the second railway vehicle comprises an air conditioner system controller and the power supply system, wherein the variable frequency air conditioner comprises a variable voltage variable frequency inverter for controlling an air conditioner compressor to operate, the variable voltage variable frequency inverter is powered by the variable frequency load direct current bus, and a condenser and a ventilator of the variable frequency air conditioner are powered by the three-phase alternating current bus.
After the frequency conversion air conditioner uses the special direct current supply bus, the running power of the air conditioning system can be flexibly controlled according to the output power of the direct current supply bus, the redundancy is good, and the good control performance and the power saving performance of the frequency conversion air conditioner can be fully exerted.
The third aspect of the invention provides a railway vehicle, which comprises the power supply system and the variable frequency air conditioning system. Due to the beneficial effects of the power supply system and the variable-frequency air conditioning system, the rail vehicle provided by the invention also improves the overall power utilization efficiency and operation safety of the vehicle.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rail vehicle power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another rail vehicle power supply system provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a variable frequency load power conversion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a specific application example of the rail vehicle power supply system provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5A is another specific application example of the rail vehicle power supply system provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5B is a schematic circuit diagram of another circuit structure of the variable frequency load power conversion device according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5C is a schematic diagram of a fault condition of the exemplary application shown in FIG. 5A;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a principle of arranging a variable frequency load dc bus in sections according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The inverter air conditioner is widely used in rail vehicles due to good control performance and energy-saving performance. Air conditioning systems have become the most dominant high power load in rail vehicles, with the exception of traction systems. The reliability of the operation of the air conditioning system is also one of the important considerations in the control of rail vehicles.
In order to ensure the operation reliability of the inverter air-conditioning system and fully exert the performance of the inverter air-conditioning system, the embodiment of the invention arranges an independent direct-current power supply bus for the inverter air-conditioning in the power supply system of the rail vehicle, and the power supply voltage of the direct-current power supply bus can be set as the power supply voltage of the inverter air-conditioning configured in the rail vehicle, so that a stable and reliable power supply can be provided for the air-conditioning system. And because the air conditioning system has independent direct current supply bus, under the condition that other loads are not influenced, the operating power of the air conditioning system can be flexibly controlled according to the output power of the direct current supply bus, and when the air conditioner has an operating fault, the loads on the other power supply buses are not influenced, so that the operating reliability of the whole railway vehicle is improved. Furthermore, because the air conditioning system shares an independent direct current power supply bus, great convenience is provided in the aspects of safety monitoring and redundancy design of the direct current power supply bus and optimization design of the air conditioning system. It should be noted that the inverter air conditioner is the most important inverter load in the rail vehicle, but in addition to this, the inverter load in the rail vehicle may also include: a brake system compressor, etc. The inverter loads may also share a dc power bus with the inverter air conditioner, and in the following embodiments provided by the present invention, the inverter air conditioner is mainly taken as an example for explanation and analysis.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a rail vehicle power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention is provided, in the embodiment of the present invention, two dc power supply buses, a variable frequency load dc bus 131 and a low voltage dc bus 141 are arranged on a rail vehicle, the variable frequency load dc bus 131 is a dedicated dc bus for a variable frequency load, the variable frequency load mainly includes a variable frequency air conditioner (HVAC), and the low voltage dc bus 141 supplies power to other dc loads, such as a storage battery and lighting equipment. As shown in fig. 1, a power supply system for a rail vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present invention mainly includes: a main power bus 12, a variable frequency load power conversion device 13 and a variable frequency load dc bus 131, and a low voltage power conversion device 14 and a low voltage dc bus 141, wherein:
obtaining high-voltage direct current from a contact network 10 through a pantograph 11 and transmitting the high-voltage direct current to a main power bus 12;
the variable frequency load power conversion device 13 is connected between the main power bus 12 and the variable frequency load direct current bus 131, and converts the high voltage direct current voltage of the main power bus 12 into the power supply voltage of the variable frequency load, namely a first direct current voltage, wherein the variable frequency load direct current bus 131 is a special direct current bus of the variable frequency load in the rail vehicle;
the low-voltage power conversion device 14 is connected between the main power bus 12 and the low-voltage dc bus 141, and converts the high-voltage dc voltage of the main power bus 12 into a dc supply voltage required by dc loads other than the variable-frequency load, that is, a second dc voltage.
For example, the voltage of the dc power supplied by the catenary 10 is generally relatively high, for example, 1500V dc power, and 1500V high-voltage dc power is transmitted from the outside of the railway vehicle to the main power bus 12 through the pantograph 11, and the voltage on the main power bus 12 is also 1500V. The first dc voltage on the variable frequency load dc bus 131 is determined according to the supply voltage of the variable frequency load, mainly the variable frequency air conditioner, e.g. 680V. The variable frequency load power conversion device 13 is a converter, and completes conversion from 1500V high-voltage direct current voltage to 680V direct current voltage. The second dc voltage on the low-voltage dc bus 141 needs to meet the power supply requirement of other dc loads on the rail vehicle, for example, 110V dc voltage, and the low-voltage power conversion device 14 needs to convert 1500V high-voltage dc voltage into 110V dc voltage. Other direct current loads are mainly standby power storage batteries on the railway vehicles, lighting equipment and the like. It should be noted that the specific voltage values of 1500V, 680V, 110V, etc. given in the embodiments of the present invention are merely examples, and the specific voltage values may change according to actual application scenarios.
In addition to the dc supply bus, a three-phase ac bus is also required for the ac loads, and is used to supply power to the traction locomotive and other three-phase ac loads. The three-phase alternating current can be output by the low-voltage power conversion device 14, that is, the low-voltage power conversion device 14 needs to output 380V three-phase alternating current and 110V direct current at the same time.
As shown in fig. 2, in addition to the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the low-voltage power converter 14 may also output three-phase ac power to the three-phase ac bus 242, the three-phase ac bus 242 supplies power to a three-phase ac load of the railway vehicle, the supply voltage of the three-phase ac load is generally 380V three-phase ac power, and for example, when the voltage of a catenary is 1500V high-voltage dc power, the low-voltage power converter 14 has a function of converting 1500V high-voltage dc power into 110V dc power and a function of converting 1500V high-voltage dc power into 380V three-phase ac power.
It should be noted that, as an alternative embodiment, the three-phase alternating current may also be provided by a separate power conversion device, that is, a three-phase inverter power supply independent from the low-voltage power conversion device 14 is provided between the main power bus 12 and the three-phase alternating current bus 242 to complete the conversion from the high-voltage direct current to the three-phase alternating current.
In this embodiment, a special power supply bus is provided for the variable frequency load, and the variable frequency load on the rail vehicle is mainly a variable frequency air conditioner system, so that the power supply voltage of the variable frequency load direct current bus can be designed according to the variable frequency air conditioner matching selected on the rail vehicle, the conversion efficiency of the variable frequency air conditioner power supply is improved, and a stable and reliable power supply is provided for the variable frequency air conditioner. And after the power supply bus of the variable frequency air conditioner is independently arranged, the three-phase alternating current bus in the rail vehicle does not need to supply power to the variable frequency air conditioner any more, and when the variable frequency air conditioner system has an operation fault, the power supply of a three-phase alternating current load cannot be influenced, so that the line breaking probability of the three-phase alternating current bus is reduced. The high-power load on the three-phase alternating current bus mainly comprises a draught fan of a traction system, a compressor of a braking system and the like, and after a power supply bus of the air conditioning system is independent of the three-phase alternating current bus, the normal operation of the traction system cannot be affected by the operation fault of the air conditioning system, so that the operation safety of the traction system and the braking system is further ensured.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, preferably, the absolute values of the voltage values of the positive and negative buses in the variable frequency load dc bus may be equal to each other, and are respectively half of the first voltage value, in this way, compared to the case where the voltage values of the positive and negative buses are not equal to each other, for example, the case where the absolute value of the voltage of one of the positive and negative buses is greater than the absolute value of the voltage of the other bus, the voltage to ground of the dc bus is reduced, thereby reducing the harm caused by the human body electric shock. For example, the supply voltage of the variable frequency load is 680V, and the voltages of the positive and negative buses of the variable frequency load dc bus are ± 340V.
In the rail vehicle power supply system provided by the invention, in order to conveniently monitor whether the variable frequency load direct current bus has a fault, a detection circuit can be further arranged to continuously detect the voltage to ground of the positive bus and the voltage to ground of the negative bus of the variable frequency load direct current bus, and a voltage comparison circuit is arranged to judge the fault of the variable frequency load direct current bus according to the detection result of the detection circuit. For example, when the variable frequency load direct current bus adopts a power supply mode that positive and negative buses are +/-340V, the output part of the positive and negative buses of the direct current power supply can use a grounding detection circuit and limit the central point of direct current output voltage to 0V. Continuously monitoring the voltage between the 0V voltage of the middle point of the +/-340V direct current bus and the voltage between the positive and negative buses, judging whether the positive bus or the negative bus has a ground fault through the voltage comparator, and further taking power supply protection measures and fault early warning when the ground fault occurs.
As shown in fig. 3, a circuit configuration of the variable frequency load power conversion device 13 is illustrated, and this example is still described by taking an example in which the main power bus 12 outputs high-voltage 1500V dc and the variable frequency load power conversion device 13 outputs 680V dc. The variable frequency load power conversion device 13 shown in fig. 3 is a Converter (Converter) which needs to exchange control signals with its control unit, which is usually located in the controller of the rail vehicle. The soft switching technology and the high-frequency technology can be used in the converter, the conversion efficiency of power conversion is improved, and the miniaturization and the light weight of the power conversion device are realized.
In order to improve the reliability of the power supply of the variable frequency load direct current bus, the variable frequency load power supply conversion devices can be generally arranged in parallel into two or more than two, and similarly, in order to improve the reliability of the power supply of the low voltage direct current bus and the three-phase alternating current bus, the low voltage power supply conversion devices can also be arranged in parallel into two.
Specific examples are shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a specific example of a rail vehicle power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and this example is a specific application on a 6-car rail vehicle in the rail vehicle power supply system provided by the present invention, in the figure, 2 power cars T are respectively located at two ends of the rail vehicle, 4 passenger cars M are in the middle, a pantograph 41 transmits 1500V high-voltage direct current (1500VDC) on a catenary 40 to a main power bus 42 on the rail vehicle, two variable-frequency load power conversion devices 43 are connected in parallel between the main power bus 42 and a variable-frequency load direct current bus 431, two low-voltage power conversion devices (APS)44 respectively convert the 1500V high-voltage direct current on the main power bus 42 and output the 1500V high-voltage direct current to a low-voltage direct current bus 441 with 110V direct current (110VDC) and a three-phase alternating current bus 442 with 380V (380VAC), each passenger car M is installed with a group of variable-frequency air conditioners, in the example shown in fig. 4, the inverter air conditioner is an inverter air conditioner integrated with two variable voltage inverter (VVVF) and one constant voltage inverter (CVCF). Other variable frequency loads such as variable frequency brake system air compressors. Referring to fig. 4, a variable frequency load dc bus 431 supplies an Air Supply Unit (ASU). The double configuration mode of the two variable-frequency load power conversion devices 43 can improve the reliability of the power supply of the variable-frequency load direct-current bus of the railway vehicle, and the double configuration mode of the two low-voltage power conversion devices 44 can improve the reliability of the power supply of the low-voltage direct-current bus in the same way.
Still referring to fig. 4, a specific configuration of the low voltage power conversion device 44 may include an inverter, an isolation transformer and a rectifier, wherein: the inverter inverts the dc power supplied from the main power bus 42 into a three-phase ac power having a predetermined voltage and frequency, the isolation transformer isolates and transforms the three-phase ac power outputted from the inverter and outputs the three-phase ac power to the three-phase ac bus 442, and the rectifier rectifies the three-phase ac power outputted from the inverter to a second voltage value and outputs the rectified three-phase ac power to the low-voltage dc bus 441.
As shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, inverters of the inverter air conditioner are integrated inside the air conditioner, and each inverter air conditioner may be integrated with three inverters, including two variable voltage inverter inverters, to output a 0-480V three-phase ac power with adjustable frequency, for controlling a compressor of the inverter air conditioner. And a constant-voltage constant-frequency inverter is integrated to output constant-frequency 380V three-phase alternating current for controlling a condenser and a ventilator of the variable-frequency air conditioner. Two voltage and frequency conversion inverters and a constant voltage and frequency inverter are all powered by a frequency conversion load direct current bus 431. In this way, each variable frequency air conditioner can further integrate a booster circuit for emergency ventilation, and the booster circuit and the constant voltage and constant frequency inverter form an emergency ventilation inverter together. Under the condition that the variable-frequency load direct-current bus is completely collapsed and cannot supply power to the variable-frequency air conditioner continuously, the booster circuit is controlled to boost the direct-current 110V voltage of the storage battery and supply the boosted direct-current 110V voltage to the constant-voltage constant-frequency inverter, and then the emergency ventilation inverter works, so that a condenser and a ventilator of the variable-frequency air conditioner can work normally, necessary ventilation can be provided for a rail vehicle, and the variable-frequency air conditioner is cooled appropriately.
In the specific example shown in fig. 4, when one of the variable-frequency load power conversion devices 43 fails, the output power of the variable-frequency load bus 431 is reduced to about 50% of the total output power, and then the operation power of the whole air conditioning system is correspondingly reduced by about 50% by adopting a mode of turning off any one variable-voltage variable-frequency inverter in each variable-frequency air conditioner or a mode of turning off half of the car air conditioners at intervals, so that the whole air conditioning system can be operated in a low-power state, and the condition that the whole air conditioning system is broken down is avoided.
As shown in fig. 5A, another specific example of the power supply system for a railway vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a 110V low-voltage dc bus 541, a 380V three-phase ac bus 542, and a 680V variable-frequency load dc bus 531. The difference from the specific example shown in fig. 4 is that in the specific example shown in fig. 5A, the three-phase alternating current required by the condenser and the ventilator of the inverter air conditioner is directly supplied by a 380V three-phase alternating current bus 542, and a constant-voltage constant-frequency inverter is not required for control. In addition, unlike the variable frequency load power converter 43, two converters are connected in parallel to the variable frequency load power converter 53, and the specific configuration is as shown in fig. 5B, and the two converters convert the dc voltage supplied from the main power bus into the first dc voltage, respectively.
Referring to fig. 5C, when a fault occurs as shown in fig. 5C, that is, when one converter of a certain inverter load power conversion device 53 fails, the control of the air conditioner in the specific example shown in fig. 5A is more flexible, and the operating power of the whole air conditioning system can be correspondingly reduced to about 75% by selectively turning off only 25% of the voltage-variable and inverter inverters in all the air conditioners, that is, selectively turning off 3 voltage-variable and inverter inverters, or by adjusting the frequency to reduce the power of the 25% voltage-variable and inverter inverters. For another example, if a fault occurs in the whole variable-frequency load power conversion device 53, the variable-voltage variable-frequency inverter of half of all air conditioners is selected to be turned off, or the frequency is adjusted to reduce the power of the variable-voltage variable-frequency inverter by 50%, so that the operating power of the whole air conditioning system can be correspondingly reduced to about 50%. The specific control method of the voltage-variable and frequency-variable inverter is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail herein.
As shown in fig. 6, in the embodiment provided by the present invention, the variable frequency load dc buses may also be arranged in segments, and each variable frequency load dc bus is connected to the variable frequency load power conversion device through a fuse, so that when a fault occurs in a variable frequency load connected to one of the variable frequency load dc buses, which results in an instantaneous rise in voltage or current, the variable frequency load dc bus is disconnected from the variable frequency load power conversion device under the action of the fuse, and thus the variable frequency load dc bus is disconnected from the power supply system, and the influence on the normal power supply of the variable frequency load dc buses of other segments is avoided. For example, as shown in fig. 6, two variable frequency load power conversion devices (613,623) are arranged in the power supply system, and the variable frequency load direct current bus is divided into three sections, namely variable frequency load direct current bus sections (631,632,633), and each variable frequency load direct current bus section can supply power for variable frequency loads of two compartments. Wherein: the positive and negative buses of the variable frequency load DC bus section 631 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the output terminal of the variable frequency load power conversion device 613 through a fuse F1, the positive and negative buses of the variable frequency load DC bus section 633 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of the output terminal of the variable frequency load power conversion device 623 through a fuse F4, and the variable frequency load DC bus 632 section in the middle position is connected to the variable frequency load power conversion device 613 through a fuse F2 or connected to the load power conversion device 623 through a fuse F3. If the number of the carriages of the railway vehicle is more, the number of the variable-frequency load power conversion devices can be correspondingly increased, the variable frequency load dc bus may be divided into more sections, for example, when there are N variable frequency load power conversion devices, the frequency conversion load direct current bus can be divided into N +1 sections, two fuses are respectively connected in series between the positive and negative buses of the adjacent two sections of frequency conversion load direct current bus sections, the positive and negative electrodes of the output end of a variable frequency load power supply conversion device are respectively connected between two fuses connected in series with each two adjacent sections of positive and negative buses, when N is equal to 1, that is to say, when there is only one frequency conversion load power supply conversion device, the frequency conversion load direct current bus can also be divided into 2 frequency conversion load direct current bus sections, two frequency conversion load direct current bus sections are respectively arranged at two ends, and the variable-frequency load power supply conversion devices are respectively connected through the fuses, and at this time, no variable-frequency load direct-current bus section is positioned in the middle. Therefore, each variable frequency load power supply conversion device is simultaneously connected with two adjacent variable frequency load direct current bus sections, and each variable frequency load direct current bus section is connected with a part of variable frequency loads. Under normal operating condition, the frequency conversion load direct current bus is supplied power by N frequency conversion load power supply conversion devices in parallel, when a fault of one frequency conversion load power supply conversion device occurs, the operating power of the frequency conversion air conditioner can be correspondingly reduced to adapt to the output power on the frequency conversion load direct current bus, and therefore the breakdown of the whole frequency conversion air conditioner system can be prevented. And when the load on one of the frequency conversion load direct current bus sections breaks down to cause the current or the voltage to rise instantly, the frequency conversion load direct current bus section where the fault load is located is disconnected from the frequency conversion load power supply conversion device under the action of the fuse, the power supply of other frequency conversion load direct current bus sections cannot be influenced, and the normal operation of the frequency conversion load powered by other frequency conversion load direct current bus sections cannot be influenced.
As can be clearly seen from the above examples, since the variable frequency load on the rail vehicle is mainly a variable frequency air conditioner, after the dedicated dc power supply bus is provided for the variable frequency load, the operating power of the air conditioning system can be flexibly controlled according to the output power of the dc power supply bus, the redundancy is good, and the good control performance and the power saving performance of the variable frequency air conditioner can be fully exerted. Compared with the scheme that only a three-phase alternating-current 380V power supply bus supplies power to all loads in a railway vehicle, the power supply conversion link of the variable-frequency air conditioner is reduced, and the power supply efficiency is greatly improved. Compared with the scheme that the variable frequency load and other loads share one direct current power supply bus, the variable frequency load direct current bus mainly supplies power for the variable frequency air conditioner, the running reliability of the variable frequency air conditioner system is improved, the good control performance and the electricity saving performance of the variable frequency air conditioner are fully exerted, and meanwhile the electricity utilization efficiency and the running safety of the whole railway vehicle are improved.
Based on the power supply system for the rail vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention also provides a variable-frequency air-conditioning system of the rail vehicle, the variable-frequency air-conditioning system of the rail vehicle is supplied with power by the power supply system, the variable-frequency air-conditioning system mainly comprises an air-conditioning system controller, a variable-voltage variable-frequency inverter for controlling the operation of an air-conditioning compressor, and a constant-voltage constant-frequency inverter for controlling the operation of an air-conditioning condenser and a ventilator, and the variable-voltage variable-frequency inverter and the constant-voltage constant-frequency inverter are both supplied with. Or the variable frequency air conditioner comprises a variable voltage variable frequency inverter for controlling the operation of an air conditioner compressor, the variable voltage variable frequency inverter is supplied with power by a variable frequency load direct current bus, and a condenser and a ventilator of the variable frequency air conditioner are supplied with power by a three-phase alternating current bus. Wherein the voltage and frequency conversion inverter can be arranged in parallel to form two. The air conditioning system controller is generally arranged in a master controller of the rail vehicle, exchanges control signals with each inverter integrated in the variable frequency air conditioner, and controls the running state of the inverters. The main controller of the rail vehicle simultaneously controls the operation state of each converter in the variable frequency load power conversion device, and when the variable frequency load power conversion device influences the power supply of a direct current bus of a variable frequency load due to the fault of the converter, individual air conditioners are selected to be turned off according to the fault condition, or part of variable frequency and variable voltage inverters in the whole air conditioning system are selected to be turned off, so that the whole air conditioning system can maintain the low-power operation state.
Based on the power supply system and the variable frequency air conditioning system for the rail train provided by the embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention further provides a rail vehicle comprising the power supply system or the variable frequency air conditioning system.
While the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the drawings, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (9)
1. A power supply system for a rail vehicle, comprising a main power bus to which direct current power obtained from outside the rail vehicle is transmitted, characterized by further comprising:
the system comprises a variable frequency load direct current bus for supplying power to a variable frequency load in the railway vehicle and a variable frequency load power supply conversion device which is connected between a main power supply bus and the variable frequency load direct current bus and converts direct current voltage of the main power supply bus into first direct current voltage, wherein the variable frequency load comprises a variable frequency air conditioner;
the low-voltage direct-current bus supplies power to other direct-current loads except for the variable-frequency load in the rail vehicle, and the low-voltage power supply conversion device is connected between the main power supply bus and the low-voltage direct-current bus and converts the direct-current voltage of the main power supply bus into second direct-current voltage; and
the low-voltage power conversion device also inverts direct current supplied by the main power bus into three-phase alternating current with set voltage and frequency and outputs the three-phase alternating current to the three-phase alternating current bus, and the three-phase alternating current load comprises a traction locomotive.
2. The power supply system of claim 1, wherein the number of variable frequency load power conversion devices is N, the variable frequency load dc bus comprises N +1 variable frequency load dc bus segments, the variable frequency load dc bus segments at both ends are connected to one variable frequency load power conversion device through fuses, each variable frequency load dc bus segment at a middle position is simultaneously connected to two variable frequency load power conversion devices through fuses, each variable frequency load power conversion device is simultaneously connected to two adjacent variable frequency load dc bus segments, each variable frequency load dc bus segment is connected to a fractional variable frequency load in the rail vehicle, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
3. The power supply system of claim 1 or 2, wherein the variable frequency load power conversion device comprises two or more converters connected in parallel.
4. The power supply system of claim 1, further comprising a detection circuit that detects a positive bus voltage to ground and a negative bus voltage to ground of the variable frequency load dc bus, wherein the positive bus voltage absolute value and the negative bus voltage absolute value are equal in the variable frequency load dc bus; and the voltage comparison circuit is used for judging whether the variable-frequency load direct-current bus has a fault according to the detection result of the detection circuit.
5. A variable-frequency air conditioning system of a railway vehicle comprises an air conditioning system controller and is characterized by further comprising a variable-voltage variable-frequency inverter for controlling the operation of an air conditioning compressor and a constant-voltage constant-frequency inverter for controlling the operation of an air conditioning condenser and a ventilator, wherein the variable-voltage variable-frequency inverter and the constant-voltage constant-frequency inverter are both supplied with power by the variable-frequency load direct-current bus in the power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The inverter air conditioning system of claim 5, wherein the variable voltage inverter comprises two in parallel; and/or
The inverter air conditioner also comprises a booster circuit, and the air conditioning system controller controls the booster circuit to boost the direct current output by the storage battery and then supply power to the constant-voltage constant-frequency inverter when the inverter load direct current bus fails.
7. A variable frequency air conditioning system of a railway vehicle comprises an air conditioning system controller and is characterized by further comprising a variable voltage variable frequency inverter for controlling the operation of an air conditioning compressor, wherein the variable voltage variable frequency inverter is powered by the variable frequency load direct current bus in the power supply system of any one of claims 1 to 4, and a condenser and a ventilator of the variable frequency air conditioner are powered by the three-phase alternating current bus in the power supply system of any one of claims 1 to 4.
8. A rail vehicle comprising a power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
9. A rail vehicle, characterized by comprising the inverter air conditioning system of any one of claims 5 to 7.
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| CN109301811A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-02-01 | 中国铁路总公司 | An integrated DC system |
| CN109941108B (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2021-11-12 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Rail transit vehicle and fault protection method thereof |
| CN111332122B (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-01-19 | 深圳市波斯曼技术有限公司 | Power supply system adopting distributed low-power supply module |
| CN112009512A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-01 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Environment regulation control device and method for passenger room of urban rail vehicle |
| CN112193123B (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-12-17 | 中车株洲电力机车有限公司 | Locomotive traction storage battery discharge balancing circuit and control method |
| CN114572262A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-06-03 | 山东朗进科技股份有限公司 | Rail vehicle, rail vehicle ventilation system and control method thereof |
| CN114572261A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2022-06-03 | 山东朗进科技股份有限公司 | Rail vehicle, rail vehicle air conditioning system and control method thereof |
| CN112265450A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-01-26 | 西南交通大学 | Full direct current circuit topological structure of high-speed train emergency self-traveling system |
| CN112248826A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-01-22 | 西南交通大学 | DC700V circuit topological structure of high-speed train emergency self-traveling system |
| CN113013981B (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2022-08-02 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Power distribution system |
| CN115709734A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2023-02-24 | 中车工业研究院有限公司 | Traction transmission system of motor train unit |
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Effective date of registration: 20210224 Address after: Building 2-5, No. 508, Chuanhong Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai Patentee after: KNORR-BREMSE RAILWAY TECHNOLOGIES (SHANGHAI) Co.,Ltd. Address before: 201202 building 2-5, No. 508, Chuanhong Road, Pudong New Area, Shanghai Patentee before: KNORR-BREMSE RAILWAY TECHNOLOGIES (SHANGHAI) Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: KNORR-BREMSE POWERTECH GmbH |
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