CN108593889A - Movable type pressure sand gravel leaching liquor migration of element collects monitoring device automatically - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of mobile pressure sand gravel leaching liquor migration of element to collect monitoring device automatically, belong to soil monitoring field, including water supply installation, earth pillar device and soil box device, earth pillar device side wall different height position is equipped with the first sample connection, first sample connection is connected to the first sampler entrance, and the second sampler for sampling is both provided with below earth pillar bottom of device；Soil box device is internally provided with two layers of second sampling grooves, and the outlet of the second sampling groove is connected to third sampler.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Water supply is connected in such a way that water supply installation and multiple earth pillar devices and soil box device are by serial or parallel connection to carry out pressure sand gravel leaching liquor migration of element and collect to monitor, compared with single earth pillar device and soil box device, it can be used in after device fine tuning under solute transfer research, soil moisture and ooze research, Contaminants Transport law study, migration of element tracer study, improve its functionality, and washable earth pillar and soil box are used, it is easy to clean.

Description

Mobile automatic collection and monitoring device for element migration of sand-pressing gravel shower solution

Technical field:

The invention relates to the field of soil monitoring, in particular to a mobile automatic collection and monitoring device for element migration of a sand-pressing and gravel-leaching solution.

Background technique:

As an ancient covering method, sand pressing on the soil surface is a drought-resistant planting mode, which has a history of more than 300 years in China. Pressed sand land is a mixture of pebbles, gravel and coarse and fine sand produced by the deposition of rivers and lakes or the impact of gullies. It is laid on the soil surface. The thickness of the sand and gravel covering layer is about 10-15cm. Weeds breed, reduce pest damage, and coordinate soil water, fertilizer, heat, and air conditions. With the extension of the planting period of pressed sand land, the traditional utilization methods will make the pressed sand land aging or even gradually lose its ecological function, which will have an adverse impact on the farmland ecosystem. Research on the sustainable and healthy development of pressed sand land is becoming increasingly important.

The process of rock weathering will have a certain impact on the environment, changing the geological environment, participating in the material cycle, affecting the global carbon cycle and climate, and then affecting the organisms on the earth. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the environmental effects of rock weathering. The rock weathering process is accompanied by the element cycle, and the study of the geochemical characteristics of the elements is of certain significance for understanding the soil formation process and the law of element cycle. The migration rules and influencing factors of rock weathering elements, the occurrence status of rock weathering elements, etc.

Weathering research has always been a hot topic in many disciplines such as soil science, ecology and environmental science. Rock weathering is the process of physical, biological, and chemical weathering of the whole rock into loose debris or changes in chemical composition, and finally forms soil. Pressed sand is a drought-resistant planting model. The rapid development of the press sand industry has driven economic growth in the arid zone of central Ningxia. However, long-term sand press operations have led to a gradual decline in the production capacity of the local press sand, and the fertility of the press sand has declined year by year. Field soil elements Balance is greatly affected. Therefore, the research on the whole process of precipitation and migration of weathering elements in sand and gravel in the arid zone of central Ningxia is of great significance for proving the impact of weathering on soil quality under sand pressure and for adjusting the abundance and deficiency of beneficial elements in soil in the future. It is of great significance. At the same time, it provides scientific theoretical basis and land data support for the healthy and sustainable development of the sand pressing industry in the arid zone of central Ningxia.

Leaching refers to the downward movement of pollutants in the soil along the vertical soil profile with seepage water. It is a comprehensive behavior of pollutants adsorbing, desorbing or distributing between water-soil particles. It is mainly affected by lithology and leaching. conditional impact. Regarding the research methods and installations of solute transport, element migration, soil moisture infiltration, and pollutant intrusion research, the existing research methods are divided into two categories, one is indoor simulation, and the other is field monitoring. Commonly used devices for indoor simulation are soil columns and soil tanks.

For example, the utility model patent with the notification number CN203203986U discloses a simulated soil column device for analyzing soil solute migration, which is composed of a plurality of cylindrical segmented units buckled up and down, and each segmented unit is on the same horizontal height It is provided with an inlet and a first outlet, the inlet is equipped with socket bolts that can block it, the first outlet is equipped with an outlet conduit for liquid outlet through a nut, and the insertion end of the outlet conduit is wrapped with a nylon filter net; the top of the uppermost segment unit is provided with micro-holes and an embedded upper end cover; the bottom of the lowermost segment unit is provided with a filter layer and a support base in sequence, and a second outlet is provided at the side wall corresponding to the filter layer. The outlet and the second outlet are provided with a catheter through a nut, and the insertion end of the catheter is wrapped with a nylon filter.

Another example is that the invention patent application with the publication number CN102608291A discloses a field soil solute transport system, and discloses a simulation system for studying the leaching, migration and transformation of solutes in soil under field irrigation conditions. Including soil tank, water supply system, sampling system, data acquisition system and eluent collection system, the inner wall and bottom of the soil tank are provided with a waterproof layer, and the inside of the soil tank is filled with soil; the water supply system is used for Earth tank water supply; the sampling system is used to sample the solution contained in the soil in the soil tank; the data acquisition system is used to regularly monitor the water content of soil at different depths in the soil tank; the eluent collection system is used for Collect the eluate from the bottom of the soil tank.

Another example is that the invention patent with the publication number CN101736716A discloses a large-scale soil column series simulation device for soil solute migration, including a water supply system, a simulated soil column, a sampling system, a series device, a drainage system, and a data acquisition and control system; The system includes a water supply peristaltic pump and a water supply pipe; the simulated soil column includes a plurality of large soil columns; the sampling system includes a water sample sampling port, a sampling tube, a sampling pump and a sampling container; the series device includes series pressurized water supply equipment And a plurality of large-scale soil column water supply pipes in series, the series pressurized water supply equipment is preferably a peristaltic pump; the drainage system includes solenoid valves and drain pipes; the data acquisition and control system includes cables, soil moisture sensors, data acquisition controllers and computers.

However, the existing research on solute transport, element migration, soil moisture infiltration, and pollutant intrusion has obvious shortcomings. For example, the existing indoor simulation experiments cannot truly simulate the environment of the field research objects; There is a certain disturbance in the state; there is no overall design, the manual workload is large, and the accuracy of the experiment needs to be improved; and the existing field experiment process cannot study the results accumulated for a long time within a limited time, and there are many influencing factors in the field experiment, which is not easy to control, especially It is inconvenient to study a single influencing factor; the existing soil column experiment device is not highly automated; the fixed rigid plate cannot be moved, and it is inconvenient to disassemble and wash; it cannot simulate the real field soil environment; the soil column has a single function, the overall design mechanization degree is not high, and the manual workload Large; the boundary effect solution is single; the accuracy of the leach solution collection.

Invention content:

In order to overcome the existing problems in solute migration, element migration, soil moisture infiltration, and pollutant intrusion collection and monitoring related equipment in the prior art, the present invention provides a mobile automatic collection and monitoring device for element migration of sand-pressing gravel leaching solution, including Water supply device, more than one soil column device and more than one soil tank device, the output end of the water supply device is connected with the input end of the soil column device and the input end of the soil tank device, each of the soil column devices A first rainfall device is provided above the interior, and a second rainfall device is provided above each of the soil tank devices; more than three first sampling ports are also provided at different heights on the side wall of the soil column device, and each of the second A sampling interface is all communicated with a first sampling device inlet, the bottom of the soil column device is provided with an opening, and a second sampling device for sampling is provided below the bottom of each of the soil column devices; each of the soil tanks Two layers of second sampling tanks are arranged inside the device, and the outlet of each layer of second sampling tanks communicates with the third sampling device through a water outlet pipe.

Using a water supply device connected to more than one soil column device and soil tank device to supply water for monitoring the migration of elements in the sand-pressed gravel leaching solution, compared with a single soil column device and soil tank device, it can be used in the study of solute transport, soil moisture Infiltration research, pollutant migration law research, and element migration trace research have improved its functionality, and the use of detachable and washable soil columns and soil tanks is convenient and quick to clean.

Preferably, the soil column device includes a plexiglass soil column, a first sampling tank, a first cushion, a second cushion and a first filter layer, and the first rain device is arranged above the plexiglass soil column, The first sampling grooves are evenly distributed at different heights on the side wall of the plexiglass soil column, and each of the first sampling grooves is composed of three first sampling sections at 120° to each other, and one end of each first sampling section is It communicates with the first sampling section of the other two sections, and the other end communicates with the first sampling interface; the first cushion and the second cushion are distributed up and down inside the plexiglass soil column; and the second Sand-pressed gravel is placed on a cushion layer, the first filter layer is arranged on the upper surface of the second cushion layer, and undisturbed soil is placed between the first cushion layer and the first filter layer.

Preferably, one first sampling trough is arranged above the first cushion layer, and more than two first sampling troughs are arranged in the middle of the undisturbed soil, and the first sampling trough in the undisturbed soil The number is preferably 3.

Preferably, a plexiglass funnel is provided between the bottom opening of the plexiglass soil column and the second sampling device.

Preferably, the soil tank device includes a plexiglass soil tank, a second sampling tank, a soil gravel layer, a pebble layer and a water outlet pipe, the second rainfall device is arranged above the plexiglass soil tank, and two layers of the second Sampling tanks are distributed up and down inside the plexiglass soil tank, and the upper surface of the second sampling tank 34 on the upper floor is a soil gravel layer, and the small stone layer is arranged on the second sampling tank on the lower floor. 34 upper surface, and the upper surface of the pebble layer is used to place undisturbed soil; the section of the second sampling tank 34 is rectangular or circular, and its outlet communicates with the water outlet pipe.

Preferably, the water supply device includes a plexiglass bucket, a water conduit, a filter, a gate valve, a peristaltic pump, a safety valve, a ball valve, and a flow meter, and the outlet of the plexiglass bucket is sequentially connected with the filter, the gate valve, the peristaltic pump, the The safety valve, the ball valve and the flow meter are connected, and the outlet of the flow meter communicates with the soil column device and the soil tank device respectively through a water conduit.

Preferably, the number of the plexiglass buckets is more than 3, and a solenoid valve is provided at the outlet of each plexiglass bucket, and the outlet of the solenoid valve is connected to the filter input end through a four-way joint or a joint above a four-way joint. The conduit is connected; the outlet of the purge valve is provided with a pressure regulating valve, and the outlet of the pressure regulating valve is respectively connected with the soil column device and the soil tank device through a conduit; the upper side of the plexiglass bucket is provided with plexiglass cover.

Preferably, the inner bottom surface of the plexiglass bucket is provided with a third filter layer.

Preferably, a universally movable support device is provided under the soil column device, the soil tank device and the plexiglass bucket, and the universally movable support device includes a movable telescopic iron support and universal wheels , the movable telescopic iron bracket is fixed on the soil column device, the soil tank device and the plexiglass bucket, and universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the movable telescopic iron bracket.

Preferably, more than one soil column device is connected in parallel to form a soil column device group, and the output end of the water supply device communicates with one soil tank device and one soil column device group.

Preferably, one soil tank device and one soil column device form a collection and monitoring unit, and more than two collection and monitoring units communicate with the output end of the water supply device in parallel or in series.

Preferably, a pressure regulating valve is provided on the water conduit at the connection position between the water supply device and the soil column device and the soil tank device.

The soil columns and soil tanks are connected in parallel into groups, and the aqueducts in front of them are equipped with pressure regulating valves. One group is grouped in parallel or in series, so as to solve the problem that a single soil column can only study the vertical direction, reduce the problem of boundary effects, and solve the problem of different water quality treatment. The problem of residual pollutants brought to the soil solves the inconvenience of multi-factor research.

The soil columns and soil tanks are connected in parallel into groups, and multiple groups are grouped in parallel or in series to form an automatic multi-position monitoring system, which solves the adverse effects of manual monitoring on soil damage and inaccurate sampling, and reduces the experimental process. workload.

Preferably, the automatic collection and monitoring device also includes a soil filling device, the soil filling device includes an upper soil filling section and a lower excavation section, both of the upper soil filling section and the lower excavation section are cylindrical, and the upper filling section The radius of the soil section is greater than that of the lower unearthed section and is smoothly connected up and down. The upper surface of the upper filling section is a 45° slope entrance, and the lower unearthed section is a circular outlet for filling.

Preferably, a universally movable support device is fixed around the earth filling device.

The excavation and filling device is matched with the mobile universal support device group (with connection and fixed soil column and soil tank structure), which is convenient, fast, simple, economical and safe.

Preferably, the first rainfall device includes a first solenoid valve, a first plastic hose, a first rain cover, a first small fan, a first rain screen and a pinhole device, a first bracket, and the first rain cover The inlet is connected to the water guide pipe through the first plastic hose, the bottom of the first rain cover is fixed on the soil column device through the first bracket, and the first electromagnetic valve is installed on the first plastic flexible pipe. On the pipe, the first rain screen and the pinhole device are installed at the bottom outlet of the first rain cover, and the first small fan is installed inside the first rain cover.

Preferably, the second rainfall device includes a second solenoid valve, a second plastic hose, a second rain cover, a second small fan, a second rain screen and a pinhole device, a second bracket, and the second rain cover The inlet is connected to the water guide pipe through a second plastic hose, the bottom of the second rain cover is fixed on the soil tank device through the second bracket, and the second solenoid valve is installed on the second plastic hose. On the pipe, the second rain screen and the pinhole device are installed at the bottom outlet of the second rain cover, and the second small fan is installed inside the second rain cover.

Through the self-made rainfall device, the parameter control of rainfall and irrigation is solved, and the accuracy of monitoring data is improved; and the combination of peristaltic pump and pressure regulating valve can stabilize the flow and quantitative irrigation, and simulate rainfall.

Preferably, the soil column is buried or half-buried in the ground, and sampling is realized by a micro water pump. The whole device is buried underground or half-buried, and the evaporation device is simulated through the control of temperature and wind, creating a real soil environment, improving the simulation accuracy, and solving the problem of inaccurate indoor simulation evaporation.

Preferably, the plexiglass soil tank and the plexiglass soil column adopt a double-layer structure, and the interlayer is placed to collect the drip solution device, that is, the first sampling interface and the second sampling interface, which solves the problem of inconvenient sampling when the soil column soil tank is buried underground. question.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

(1) Use a water supply device connected to more than one soil column device and soil tank device to supply water to collect and monitor the migration of elements in the sand-pressed gravel leaching solution. Compared with a single soil column device and soil tank device, it can be used in the study of solute transport , Research on infiltration of soil moisture, research on the law of pollutant migration, and research on element migration traces have improved its functionality, and the use of detachable and washable soil columns and soil tanks is convenient and quick to clean.

(2) The soil columns and soil tanks are connected in parallel into groups, and the aqueducts in front of them are equipped with pressure regulating valves. One group is grouped in parallel or in series, so that only a single soil column can only be studied in the vertical direction, reducing the problem of boundary effects, and solving different problems. The problem of residual pollutants brought to the soil during water quality treatment solves the inconvenience of multi-factor research. The soil columns and soil tanks are connected in parallel into groups, and multiple groups are grouped in parallel or in series to form an automatic multi-position monitoring system, which solves the adverse effects of manual monitoring on soil damage and inaccurate sampling, and reduces the experimental process. workload.

(3) The excavation and filling device is matched with the mobile universal support device group (with connection and fixed soil column and soil tank structure), which is convenient, fast, simple, economical and safe.

(4) Through the self-made rainfall device, the parameter control of rainfall and irrigation is solved, and the accuracy of monitoring data is improved; and the combination of peristaltic pump and pressure regulating valve can stabilize the flow and quantitative irrigation, and simulate rainfall.

(5) This monitoring device has several characteristics such as device grouping, novel collection method, movable design, indoor and field use, and integral design. Among them, the device grouping is now based on the actual research situation, optional series / Parallel soil column soil tank group; the novel collection method is reflected in the self-made micro-slope collection diversion trough, which speeds up the collection efficiency; the movable design adopts the ground support to install the universal wheel; it can be used in indoor fields, that is, the single-layer soil column is used indoors, The outdoor double-layer soil column; the integral design is reflected in everything from excavation and filling to sampling and monitoring.

Description of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram 1 of an automatic collection and monitoring device for element migration of a mobile sand-pressing and gravel-leaching solution of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram 2 of an automatic collection and monitoring device for element migration of a preferred mobile sand-pressing and gravel-leaching solution of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a preferred water supply device of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a preferred plexiglass barrel of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the internal structure diagram of the preferred soil column device of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the external structure diagram of preferred soil column device of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a preferred structural diagram of the first sampling tank of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a diagram of the internal structure of the preferred soil tank device of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of a preferred first rainfall device of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is the preferred structure diagram of the second rainfall device of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a structural diagram 1 of a preferred universally movable support device of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is the structure drawing 2 of the preferred universal movable support device of the present invention;

Fig. 13 is a structural diagram of a preferred soil column filling device of the present invention;

Fig. 14 is a structural diagram of a preferred soil tank filling device of the present invention;

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram 3 of the preferred mobile sand-pressing and gravel-leaching solution element migration automatic collection and monitoring device of the present invention;

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram one of the preferred semi-buried sampling method of the present invention;

Fig. 17 is the preferred semi-buried sampling method schematic diagram 2 of the present invention;

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram 3 of a preferred semi-buried sampling method of the present invention.

Detailed ways:

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the mobile sand-pressing gravel shower solution element migration automatic collection monitoring device includes a water supply device 1, more than one soil column device 2 and more than one soil tank device 3, the output end of the water supply device 1 Connected with the input end of the soil column device 2 and the input end of the soil tank device 3, a first rainfall device 4 is provided above each of the soil column devices 2, and a first rainfall device 4 is provided above each of the soil tank devices 3. The second rainfall device 5; the different height positions of the side walls of the soil column device 2 are also provided with more than three first sampling interfaces 21, and each of the first sampling interfaces 21 is communicated with a first sampling device 22 inlet, so The bottom of the soil column device 2 is provided with an opening, and the bottom of each of the soil column devices 2 is provided with a second sampling device 23 for sampling; each of the soil tank devices 3 is provided with two layers of second sampling devices. Groove 34 , the outlet of the second sampling groove 34 of each layer communicates with the third sampling device 32 through the water outlet pipe 31 . Using a water supply device connected to more than one soil column device and soil tank device to supply water for monitoring the migration of elements in the sand-pressed gravel leaching solution, compared with a single soil column device and soil tank device, it can be used in the study of solute transport, soil moisture Infiltration research, pollutant migration law research, and element migration trace research have improved its functionality, and the use of detachable and washable soil columns and soil tanks is convenient and quick to clean.

Referring to Fig. 5-7, soil column device 2 comprises plexiglass soil column 24, first sampling tank 25, first cushion layer 26, second cushion layer 27 and first filter layer 28, and described first rainfall device 4 is arranged on Above the plexiglass soil column 24, the first sampling grooves 25 are evenly distributed at different heights on the side wall of the plexiglass soil column 24, and each of the first sampling grooves 25 includes three joints at 120° to each other. One sampling section 251 is formed, and one end of each first sampling section 251 communicates with the other two first sampling sections 251, and the other end communicates with the first sampling interface 21; the first pad layer 26 and the second pad The layer 27 is distributed up and down inside the plexiglass soil column 24; and above the first cushion layer 26 is used to place pressed sand gravel 29, and the first filter layer 28 is arranged on the upper surface of the second cushion layer 27 , and the undisturbed soil 30 is placed between the first cushion layer 26 and the first filter layer 28 .

One said first sampling groove 25 is arranged above the first cushion layer 26, and more than two said first sampling grooves 25 are arranged in the middle of said undisturbed soil 30, and said first sampling groove 25 in said undisturbed soil 30 The number of is preferably 3.

A plexiglass funnel 231 is arranged between the bottom opening of the plexiglass soil column 24 and the second sampling device 23 .

Referring to Fig. 8, soil tank device 3 comprises plexiglass soil tank 33, the second sampling tank 34, soil gravel layer 35, pebble layer 36 and outlet pipe 31, and described second rainfall device 5 is arranged on described plexiglass soil tank 33 above, two layers of the second sampling tank 34 are distributed up and down inside the plexiglass soil tank 33, and the upper surface of the second sampling tank 34 on the upper layer is a soil gravel layer 35, and the small stone layer 36 It is arranged on the upper surface of the second sampling trough 34 located in the lower layer, and the upper surface of the pebble layer 36 is used to place the undisturbed soil 30; the section of the second sampling trough 34 is rectangular or circular, and its outlet It communicates with the water outlet pipe 31.

3 and 4, the water supply device 1 includes a plexiglass bucket 11, a water guide pipe 12, a filter 13, a gate valve 14, a peristaltic pump 15, a safety valve 16, a ball valve 17 and a flow meter 18, and the outlet of the plexiglass bucket 11 passes through the guide The water pipe 12 is sequentially connected with the filter 13, the gate valve 14, the peristaltic pump 15, the safety valve 16, the ball valve 17 and the flowmeter 18, and the outlet of the flowmeter 18 is respectively connected with the soil column device 2 and the The soil tank device 3 is connected.

The number of plexiglass buckets 11 is more than 3, and the outlet of each plexiglass bucket 11 is provided with a solenoid valve 111, and the outlet of the solenoid valve 111 is connected to the filter 13 input through a four-way joint 121 or a four-way joint or more. The conduit at the end is connected; the outlet of the flowmeter 18 is provided with a pressure regulating valve 181, and the outlet of the pressure regulating valve 181 is communicated with the soil column device 2 and the soil tank device 3 respectively through a conduit; the plexiglass bucket 11 A plexiglass cover 112 is provided on the upper side.

A third filter layer 113 is provided on the inner bottom surface of the plexiglass bucket 11 .

Referring to Figures 4, 11 and 12, a universally movable support device 6 is provided below the soil column device 2, the soil tank device 3 and the plexiglass bucket 11, and the universally movable support device 6 includes a movable telescopic Iron support 61 and universal wheel 62, described movable telescopic iron support 61 is fixed on described soil column device 2, described soil tank device 3 and described plexiglass bucket 11, and described movable telescopic iron support 61 Universal wheels 62 are installed at the bottom.

As shown in FIG. 15 , more than one soil column device 2 is connected in parallel to form a soil column device group 7 , and the output end of the water supply device 1 communicates with one soil tank device 3 and one soil column device group 7 . One soil column device group 17 preferably connects six soil column devices 2 in parallel.

One soil tank device 3 and one soil column device group 7 form a collection and monitoring unit 71, and more than two collection and monitoring units 71 communicate with the output end of the water supply device 1 in parallel or in series. Among them, Figure 1 is a parallel structure diagram, and Figure 2 is a series structure diagram.

As shown in FIG. 3 , a pressure regulating valve 181 is provided on the conduit 12 at the connection position between the water supply device 1 and the soil column device 2 and the soil tank device 3 . The soil columns and soil tanks are connected in parallel into groups, and the aqueducts in front of them are equipped with pressure regulating valves. One group is grouped in parallel or in series, so as to solve the problem that a single soil column can only study the vertical direction, reduce the problem of boundary effects, and solve the problem of different water quality treatment. The problem of residual pollutants brought to the soil solves the inconvenience of multi-factor research. The soil columns and soil tanks are connected in parallel into groups, and multiple groups are grouped in parallel or in series to form an automatic multi-position monitoring system, which solves the adverse effects of manual monitoring on soil damage and inaccurate sampling, and reduces the experimental process. workload.

As shown in Figures 13 and 14, the automatic collection and monitoring device also includes a soil column filling device 8 and an earth groove filling device 9, and the soil column filling device 8 includes a soil column top filling section 81 and a soil column bottom excavation section 82, the soil column upper filling section 81 and the soil column lower excavation section 82 are cylindrical, and the soil column upper filling section 81 has a radius larger than the soil column lower excavation section 82 and is smoothly connected up and down, The upper surface of the filling section 81 at the upper part of the soil column is an entrance 811 on a 45° inclined plane of the soil column, and the unearthed section 82 at the lower part of the soil column is a circular outlet 821 for filling and pressing.

Described earth tank filling device 9 comprises earth tank top filling section 91 and soil tank bottom excavation section 92, and described soil tank top filling soil section 91 is cylindrical, and soil tank bottom excavation section 92 is a cuboid, and the soil The radius of the soil filling section 91 at the top of the groove is less than the side length of the excavation section 92 at the bottom of the soil groove, and the upper surface of the soil filling section 91 at the top of the soil groove is an entrance 911 on a 45° inclined plane of the soil groove.

A universally movable support device 6 is fixedly arranged around the soil column soil filling device 8 and the soil groove soil filling device 9 . The excavation and filling device is matched with the mobile universal support device group (with connection and fixed soil column and soil tank structure), which is convenient, fast, simple, economical and safe.

As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the first rainfall device 4 comprises a first electromagnetic valve 41, a first plastic hose 42, a first rain cover 43, a first small fan 44, a first rain screen and a pinhole device 45, a first A bracket 46, the inlet of the first rain cover 43 is connected to the water guide pipe 12 through the first plastic hose 42, and the bottom of the first rain cover 43 is fixed on the soil column device 2 through the first bracket 45 Above, the first electromagnetic valve 41 is installed on the first plastic hose 42, the first rain screen and pinhole device 45 are installed at the bottom outlet of the first rain cover 43, and the first small The fan 44 is installed inside the first rain cover 43 .

The second rainfall device 5 comprises a second electromagnetic valve 51, a second plastic hose 52, a second rain cover 53, a second small fan 54, a second rain screen and a pinhole device 55, a second support 56, and the second The inlet of the rain cover 53 is connected with the water guide pipe 12 through the second plastic hose 52, the bottom of the second rain cover 53 is fixed on the soil tank device 3 through the second bracket 55, and the second electromagnetic valve 51 is installed on the second plastic hose 52, the second rain screen and pinhole device 55 are installed at the bottom outlet of the second rain cover 53, and the second small fan 54 is installed on the second Rain cover 53 inside. Through the self-made rainfall device, the parameter control of rainfall and irrigation is solved, and the accuracy of monitoring data is improved; and the combination of peristaltic pump and pressure regulating valve can stabilize the flow and quantitative irrigation, and simulate rainfall.

When monitoring in the field, the soil column device and the soil tank device can be buried or half buried in the ground, so that at this time, the plexiglass soil tank and the plexiglass soil column adopt a double-layer structure, and the half of the soil column device is used below. Taking the buried structure as an example, the schematic diagrams of the semi-buried sampling structures of three kinds of soil column devices are introduced.

As shown in Figure 16, soil column device 2 comprises plexiglass soil column 24, the first sampling interface 21, the first plastic flexible pipe 211, the first micro-water pump 241, first the ground 242 is dug out one and described plexiglass soil column 24 suitable earth pits, then make the plexiglass soil column 24 half-buried on the ground 242, and the sides of the plexiglass soil column 24 have equidistant gaps, and the plexiglass soil column 24 side walls are evenly spaced. A plurality of first sampling interfaces 21 are distributed, and one end of the first plastic hose 211 communicates with the inside of the plexiglass soil column 24 through the first sampling interface 21, and the other end is installed on the first micro water pump. 241 , used to transport the water on the plexiglass soil column 24 to the first sampling device 22 .

As shown in Figure 17, as a preferred embodiment, the soil column device 2 includes a plexiglass soil column 24, a first sampling interface 21 and a first plastic hose 211. Soil column 24 radius is bigger more earth pit, then make described plexiglass soil column 24 half-fill on ground 242, fill up soil around described plexiglass soil column 24 sides, and make described plexiglass soil column A ring structure 243 is formed not far from 24, a section of diversion groove 212 is added between the first sampling interface 21 and the plastic hose 211, and the output end of the first plastic hose 211 is connected with a sampling rack and a sampling Bottle 242.

As shown in FIG. 18 , as a preferred embodiment, in the embodiment of FIG. 17 , the sampling rack and the sampling bottle 242 are replaced with the first micro-water pump 241 .

The semi-buried sampling structure of the soil tank device is the same as the semi-buried sampling structure of the above-mentioned soil column device, and will not be repeated here.

The soil column is buried or half-buried in the ground, and sampling is realized by a micro-pump. The whole device is buried underground or half-buried, and the evaporation device is simulated through the control of temperature and wind, creating a real soil environment, improving the simulation accuracy, and solving the problem of inaccurate indoor simulation evaporation.

The plexiglass soil tank and the plexiglass soil column adopt a double-layer structure, and the interlayer is placed to collect the drip solution device, that is, the first sampling interface and the second sampling interface, which solves the problem of inconvenient sampling when the soil column soil tank is buried underground. And the outer sides of the plexiglass soil tank, the plexiglass soil column and the plexiglass bucket are all provided with scale lines for measurement.

The foregoing description shows and describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, and as previously stated, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments but may be applied to various other embodiments. Combinations, modifications and circumstances, and can be modified within the scope of the inventive concept described herein, by the above teachings or by skill or knowledge in the relevant field. However, changes and changes made by those skilled in the art do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and should all be within the protection scope of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A mobile type sand-pressing gravel drench solution element migration automatic collection monitoring device, is characterized in that, comprises water supply device, more than one soil column device and more than one soil groove device, the output end of described water supply device is connected with described The input end of the soil column device and the input end of the soil tank device are connected, a first rainfall device is provided above each of the soil column devices, and a second rain device is provided above each of the soil tank devices; There are more than three first sampling ports at different heights on the side wall of the column device, and each of the first sampling ports communicates with the inlet of a first sampling device, the bottom of the soil column device is provided with an opening, and each of the The bottom of the soil column device is provided with a second sampling device for sampling; each of the soil tank devices is equipped with two layers of second sampling tanks, and the outlet of the second sampling tanks on each layer passes through the outlet pipe and the third sampling device. connected. 2. The mobile sand-pressing gravel shower solution element migration automatic collection monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the soil column device comprises a plexiglass soil column, a first sampling tank, a first cushion, a second Cushion and the first filter layer, the first rain device is arranged above the plexiglass soil column, the first sampling groove is evenly distributed at different heights on the side wall of the plexiglass soil column, each of the The first sampling tank is composed of three first sampling sections that are 120° to each other. One end of each first sampling section communicates with the other two first sampling sections, and the other end communicates with the first sampling interface; the first pad Layer and the second cushion layer are distributed up and down inside the plexiglass soil column; and above the first cushion layer is used to place pressed sand and gravel, and the first filter layer is arranged on the second cushion layer surface, and the middle of the first cushion layer and the first filter layer is used to place undisturbed soil. 3. The mobile sand-pressing gravel drench solution element migration automatic collection monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that a plexiglass funnel is arranged between the opening at the bottom of the plexiglass soil column and the second sampling device. 4. The mobile sand-pressing gravel drench solution element migration automatic collection and monitoring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that the soil tank device comprises a plexiglass soil tank, a second sampling tank, a soil gravel layer, a pebble layer and an outlet. The water pipe, the second rainfall device is arranged above the plexiglass soil tank, the two layers of the second sampling tank are distributed up and down inside the plexiglass soil tank, and are located on the upper surface of the second sampling tank on the upper layer It is a soil gravel layer, the small stone layer is arranged on the upper surface of the second sampling tank located in the lower layer, and the upper surface of the small stone layer is used to place the undisturbed soil; the cross section of the second sampling tank is rectangular Or circular, its outlet is communicated with described water outlet pipe. 5. The mobile sand-pressing gravel shower solution element migration automatic collection and monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the water supply device includes a plexiglass bucket, an aqueduct, a filter, a gate valve, a peristaltic pump, a safety valve, a ball valve and Flow meter, the outlet of the plexiglass bucket is connected to the filter, gate valve, peristaltic pump, safety valve, ball valve and flow meter in turn through the water guide, and the outlet of the flow meter is respectively connected to the soil column device and the The soil tank device is connected. 6. The mobile sand-pressing gravel shower solution element migration automatic collection monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, the number of the plexiglass buckets is more than 3, and a solenoid valve is provided at the outlet of each plexiglass bucket , the outlet of the electromagnetic valve communicates with the conduit at the input end of the filter through a four-way joint or a joint above the four-way; the outlet of the flowmeter is provided with a pressure regulating valve, and the outlet of the pressure regulating valve is respectively connected to the The soil column device is in communication with the soil tank device; the upper side of the organic glass bucket is provided with an organic glass cover. 7. The mobile sand-pressing gravel shower solution element migration automatic collection and monitoring device according to claim 6, characterized in that a third filter layer is provided on the inner bottom surface of the plexiglass bucket. 8. The mobile sand-pressing gravel shower solution element migration automatic collection and monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, under the soil column device, the soil tank device and the plexiglass bucket All are equipped with a universal movable support device, the universal movable support device includes a movable telescopic iron support and universal wheels, and the movable telescopic iron support is fixed on the soil column device, the soil tank device and the plexiglass bucket, and universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the movable telescopic iron bracket. 9. The mobile sand-pressing gravel shower solution element migration automatic collection and monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that more than one soil column device is connected in parallel to form a soil column device group, and the water supply device The output end communicates with one of the soil tank devices and one of the soil column device groups. 10. The mobile sand-pressing gravel shower solution element migration automatic collection and monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, a soil tank device and a soil column device group form a collection and monitoring unit, two The above-mentioned collection and monitoring unit communicates with the output end of the water supply device in parallel or in series.