CN108590796A - A kind of cam overhead exhaust gas auxiliary selenoid fluid pressure type valve actuating mechanism applied to marine low-speed machine - Google Patents
A kind of cam overhead exhaust gas auxiliary selenoid fluid pressure type valve actuating mechanism applied to marine low-speed machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108590796A CN108590796A CN201810607990.3A CN201810607990A CN108590796A CN 108590796 A CN108590796 A CN 108590796A CN 201810607990 A CN201810607990 A CN 201810607990A CN 108590796 A CN108590796 A CN 108590796A
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- valve
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- air valve
- cam
- gas
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/02—Valve drive
- F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
- F01L1/047—Camshafts
- F01L1/053—Camshafts overhead type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
- F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- F01L9/11—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic in which the action of a cam is being transmitted to a valve by a liquid column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
- F01L9/16—Pneumatic means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/40—Methods of operation thereof; Control of valve actuation, e.g. duration or lift
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
- F01L9/20—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by electric means
- F01L2009/25—Mixed arrangement with both mechanically and electromagnetically actuated valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L2810/00—Arrangements solving specific problems in relation with valve gears
- F01L2810/04—Reducing noise
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及的是一种柴油机，具体地说是船用低速机配气机构。The invention relates to a diesel engine, in particular to a valve train for a marine low-speed engine.
背景技术Background technique
配气机构的任务是保证柴油机在工作过程中按规定的时间开启或关闭各气缸的进气阀或排气阀，使尽可能多的新鲜空气进入气缸，并使膨胀终了的废气从气缸排净，保证柴油机工作过程连续和完善。The task of the valve mechanism is to ensure that the diesel engine opens or closes the intake valve or exhaust valve of each cylinder according to the specified time during the working process, so that as much fresh air as possible can enter the cylinder, and the exhaust gas that has been expanded is discharged from the cylinder. , to ensure the continuous and perfect working process of the diesel engine.
根据气阀驱动机构的不同，内燃机的配气系统驱动机构有机械式气阀驱动机构和液压式气阀驱动机构两种形式。对于机械式气阀驱动机构，在柴油机冷态时，滚轮落在凸轮基圆上，摇臂与气阀之间有气阀间隙，工作噪音过大，且气阀易损坏，液压气阀驱动机构由于有液压油的阻尼作用，减小了气阀与阀座的撞击，降低了工作噪音，并提高了气阀的使用寿命。According to the difference of the valve driving mechanism, the gas distribution system driving mechanism of the internal combustion engine has two forms: mechanical valve driving mechanism and hydraulic valve driving mechanism. For the mechanical valve driving mechanism, when the diesel engine is cold, the roller falls on the base circle of the cam, there is a valve gap between the rocker arm and the valve, the working noise is too large, and the valve is easily damaged, the hydraulic valve driving mechanism Due to the damping effect of the hydraulic oil, the impact between the air valve and the valve seat is reduced, the working noise is reduced, and the service life of the air valve is improved.
现有的液压式气阀驱动机构在气阀关闭行程依靠空气弹簧，空气弹簧在开启行程消耗能量，空气弹簧在气阀关闭行程速度慢且无法调节，并且气阀关闭时刻无法改变，使气阀的使用工况范围及响应速度降低，影响柴油机的换气特性。The existing hydraulic valve driving mechanism relies on the air spring during the closing stroke of the air valve. The air spring consumes energy during the opening stroke. The range of operating conditions and the response speed are reduced, which affects the ventilation characteristics of the diesel engine.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供通过液压系统、电磁系统及废气辅助系统对气阀进行控制，加快气阀响应速度，降低气阀工作噪音并且可适应多种工况的一种应用于船用低速机的凸轮顶置废气辅助电磁液压式配气机构。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cam for marine low-speed engine which can control the air valve through the hydraulic system, electromagnetic system and exhaust gas auxiliary system, speed up the response speed of the air valve, reduce the working noise of the air valve and can adapt to various working conditions. Overhead exhaust gas auxiliary electromagnetic hydraulic valve train.
本发明的目的是这样实现的：The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:
本发明一种应用于船用低速机的凸轮顶置废气辅助电磁液压式配气机构，其特征是：包括凸轮、液压系统活塞、柱塞、气阀杆、衔铁，凸轮下方设置滚轮，滚轮安装在顶头上，顶头下方连接顶杆，顶杆连接液压系统活塞，液压系统活塞下方连接柱塞，液压系统活塞与柱塞形成液压油空间，气阀杆上端部连接柱塞，气阀杆下端部设置气阀阀盘，衔铁固定在气阀杆上，气阀杆上套有气阀弹簧，衔铁上方的气阀杆外部设置电磁线圈。The present invention is a cam overhead exhaust gas assisted electromagnetic-hydraulic gas distribution mechanism applied to marine low-speed engines, which is characterized in that it includes a cam, a hydraulic system piston, a plunger, a gas valve rod, and an armature, and a roller is arranged under the cam, and the roller is installed on On the top of the plug, the bottom of the plug is connected to the ejector rod, the ejector rod is connected to the hydraulic system piston, and the bottom of the hydraulic system piston is connected to the plunger. The hydraulic system piston and the plunger form a hydraulic oil space. The air valve disc, the armature is fixed on the air valve stem, the air valve stem is covered with an air valve spring, and the outside of the air valve stem above the armature is provided with an electromagnetic coil.
本发明还可以包括：The present invention may also include:
1、还包括废气辅助系统，所述废气辅助系统包括废气气缸，废气气缸与气阀杆相固定，废气气缸两端分别设置废气流入阀和废气流出阀，废气流入阀连接柴油机排气总管。1. It also includes an exhaust gas auxiliary system. The exhaust gas auxiliary system includes an exhaust gas cylinder. The exhaust gas cylinder is fixed to the gas valve rod. The exhaust gas inflow valve and the exhaust gas outflow valve are respectively arranged at both ends of the exhaust gas cylinder. The exhaust gas inflow valve is connected to the exhaust main pipe of the diesel engine.
2、废气流入阀直径大于废气排出阀直径。2. The diameter of the waste gas inflow valve is larger than that of the waste gas discharge valve.
3、在柴油机冷态时，凸轮基圆与滚轮接触，液压系统活塞、柱塞位于初始位置，电磁线圈处于断电状态，废气辅助系统无废气进入，废气气缸处于初始位置，气阀阀盘在气阀弹簧作用下处于半开半闭状态；当柴油机工作时，电磁线圈通电，电磁线圈吸引衔铁，气阀处于关闭状态，当柴油机气阀需要开启时，凸轮转动，顶9下行，液压油空间的液压油被压缩，柱塞下行开启气阀阀盘，当气阀需要关闭时，电磁线圈通电，吸引衔铁，同时排气总管中的废气进入废气流入阀，废气流出阀为常开状态，推动废气气缸上行，气阀阀盘关闭，关闭后电磁线圈处于通电状态，废气由废气流出阀流出气缸，气阀阀盘处于关闭状态。3. When the diesel engine is cold, the base circle of the cam is in contact with the roller, the piston and plunger of the hydraulic system are at the initial position, the electromagnetic coil is in a power-off state, no exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas auxiliary system, the exhaust gas cylinder is at the initial position, and the valve disc of the gas valve is at the initial position. The air valve is in a half-open and half-closed state under the action of the diesel engine; when the diesel engine is working, the electromagnetic coil is energized, the electromagnetic coil attracts the armature, and the air valve is in a closed state. The hydraulic oil is compressed, and the plunger moves downward to open the valve disc of the air valve. When the air valve needs to be closed, the electromagnetic coil is energized to attract the armature. The exhaust gas cylinder goes up, the valve disc of the air valve is closed, and the electromagnetic coil is in the energized state after closing, the exhaust gas flows out of the cylinder through the exhaust outflow valve, and the valve disc of the air valve is in the closed state.
本发明的优势在于：本发明降低了柴油机配气机构工作噪音，减小配气机构尺寸，加快气阀落座速度，提高废气利用率，可根据柴油机不同工况调整配气正时。The advantages of the present invention are: the present invention reduces the operating noise of the valve mechanism of the diesel engine, reduces the size of the valve mechanism, accelerates the seat speed of the valve, improves the utilization rate of exhaust gas, and can adjust the valve timing according to different working conditions of the diesel engine.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图举例对本发明做更详细地描述：The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing example:
结合图1，本发明主要包括以下部件：凸轮1、顶头2、液压系统活塞3、液压系统底面4、柱塞5、气阀弹簧6、废气流入阀7、滚轮8、顶杆9、气缸盖体10、液压油空间11、电磁线圈12、衔铁13、废气流出阀14、废气气缸15、气阀阀盘16。在柴油机冷态时，凸轮1基圆与滚轮8接触，液压系统活塞3位于初始位置，与液压系统底面4接触的柱塞5位于初始位置，此时电磁线圈12处于断电状态，电磁线圈12没有电磁力，不吸引衔铁13，废气系统无废气进入，废气气缸15处于初始位置，气阀阀盘16在气阀弹簧6作用下处于半开半闭状态，当柴油机工作时，首先电磁线圈12通电，电磁线圈12吸引衔铁13，气阀处于关闭状态，当柴油机气阀需要开启时，凸轮1转动，顶杆9下行，液压油被压缩，柱塞5下行开启气阀阀盘16，当气阀需要关闭时，对电磁线圈通电12，吸引衔铁13，同时排气总管中的废气进入废气流入阀7，且废气流出阀14为常开状态，依靠压力差推动废气气缸15上行，两者同时作用，气阀阀盘16快速关闭，且关闭后电磁线圈12处于通电状态，废气由废气流出阀14流出气缸，气阀阀盘16处于关闭状态。1, the present invention mainly includes the following components: cam 1, top 2, hydraulic system piston 3, hydraulic system bottom surface 4, plunger 5, gas valve spring 6, waste gas inflow valve 7, roller 8, ejector rod 9, cylinder head Body 10, hydraulic oil space 11, electromagnetic coil 12, armature 13, exhaust gas outflow valve 14, exhaust gas cylinder 15, air valve disc 16. When the diesel engine is cold, the base circle of the cam 1 is in contact with the roller 8, the piston 3 of the hydraulic system is at the initial position, and the plunger 5 in contact with the bottom surface 4 of the hydraulic system is at the initial position. At this time, the electromagnetic coil 12 is in a power-off state, and the electromagnetic coil 12 There is no electromagnetic force, the armature 13 is not attracted, no exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas system, the exhaust gas cylinder 15 is in the initial position, and the valve disc 16 is in a half-open and half-closed state under the action of the gas valve spring 6. When the diesel engine is working, the electromagnetic coil 12 first Power on, the electromagnetic coil 12 attracts the armature 13, and the gas valve is in the closed state. When the gas valve of the diesel engine needs to be opened, the cam 1 rotates, the ejector rod 9 goes down, the hydraulic oil is compressed, and the plunger 5 goes down to open the valve disc 16 of the gas valve. When the valve needs to be closed, energize the electromagnetic coil 12 to attract the armature 13. At the same time, the exhaust gas in the exhaust manifold enters the exhaust gas inflow valve 7, and the exhaust gas outflow valve 14 is normally open, relying on the pressure difference to push the exhaust gas cylinder 15 upward. As a result, the valve disc 16 of the air valve closes quickly, and after closing, the electromagnetic coil 12 is in an energized state, the exhaust gas flows out of the cylinder through the exhaust outflow valve 14, and the valve disc 16 of the air valve is in a closed state.
在柴油机不工作时，依靠气阀弹簧弹力，气阀处于半开半闭状态，当柴油机工作时，液压系统控制气阀开启行程，电磁系统控制气阀关闭行程，废气辅助系统辅助气阀关闭行程，进而实现气阀的开启和关闭。When the diesel engine is not working, relying on the elastic force of the valve spring, the valve is in a half-open and half-closed state. When the diesel engine is working, the hydraulic system controls the valve opening stroke, the electromagnetic system controls the valve closing stroke, and the exhaust gas auxiliary system assists the valve closing stroke , and then realize the opening and closing of the air valve.
液压系统控制气阀开启行程为；凸轮轴通过滚轮及顶杆使液压系统活塞下行，建立起液压系统中的油压，作用在柱塞上表面，推动气阀下行。The hydraulic system controls the opening stroke of the air valve. The camshaft makes the piston of the hydraulic system go down through the roller and the ejector rod, and establishes the oil pressure in the hydraulic system, which acts on the upper surface of the plunger to push the air valve down.
电磁系统控制气阀关闭行程为；电磁线圈通电产生电磁力，吸引衔铁上行，衔铁带动气阀上行，推动气阀关闭，同时可根据需要改变线圈通电时刻，进而改变配气正时。The electromagnetic system controls the closing stroke of the air valve as follows: the electromagnetic coil is energized to generate electromagnetic force, which attracts the armature upward, and the armature drives the air valve upward, pushing the air valve to close. At the same time, the coil energization time can be changed according to the needs, and then the gas distribution timing can be changed.
废气辅助系统辅助气阀关闭行程为；排气总管的废气在气阀需要关闭时刻通过废气流入阀进入废气气缸，由于废气流入阀直径大于废气排出阀直径，导致进入的气体质量大于排出的气体质量，依靠压力差推动废气气缸上行，辅助气阀关闭，减少电磁线圈耗电，同时加快气阀关闭速度，另外由于存在气阀弹簧阻力作用，可避免气阀与阀座的撞击。The closing stroke of the auxiliary gas valve of the exhaust gas auxiliary system is: the exhaust gas of the exhaust main pipe enters the exhaust gas cylinder through the exhaust gas inflow valve when the gas valve needs to be closed. Since the diameter of the exhaust gas inflow valve is larger than the diameter of the exhaust gas discharge valve, the mass of the gas entering is greater than the mass of the exhaust gas , Relying on the pressure difference to push the exhaust gas cylinder upward, the auxiliary air valve is closed, reducing the power consumption of the electromagnetic coil, and at the same time speeding up the closing speed of the air valve. In addition, due to the resistance of the air valve spring, the impact between the air valve and the valve seat can be avoided.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810607990.3A CN108590796A (en) | 2018-06-13 | 2018-06-13 | A kind of cam overhead exhaust gas auxiliary selenoid fluid pressure type valve actuating mechanism applied to marine low-speed machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810607990.3A CN108590796A (en) | 2018-06-13 | 2018-06-13 | A kind of cam overhead exhaust gas auxiliary selenoid fluid pressure type valve actuating mechanism applied to marine low-speed machine |
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| CN108590796A true CN108590796A (en) | 2018-09-28 |
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| CN201810607990.3A Pending CN108590796A (en) | 2018-06-13 | 2018-06-13 | A kind of cam overhead exhaust gas auxiliary selenoid fluid pressure type valve actuating mechanism applied to marine low-speed machine |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1264785A (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2000-08-30 | 武汉交通科技大学 | Electronically controlled hydraulically-driven common-pipe (tracl) air inlet and exhaustion system for IC engine |
| CN1959072A (en) * | 2006-11-13 | 2007-05-09 | 济南轻骑摩托车股份有限公司 | Electrohydraulic controlled continuously variable gas distribution timing system in internal-combustion engine |
| CN102877959A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-16 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Engine valve control mechanism and engine valve control method |
| CN208267920U (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of cam overhead exhaust gas auxiliary selenoid fluid pressure type valve actuating mechanism applied to marine low-speed machine |
-
2018
- 2018-06-13 CN CN201810607990.3A patent/CN108590796A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1264785A (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2000-08-30 | 武汉交通科技大学 | Electronically controlled hydraulically-driven common-pipe (tracl) air inlet and exhaustion system for IC engine |
| CN1959072A (en) * | 2006-11-13 | 2007-05-09 | 济南轻骑摩托车股份有限公司 | Electrohydraulic controlled continuously variable gas distribution timing system in internal-combustion engine |
| CN102877959A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-16 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Engine valve control mechanism and engine valve control method |
| CN208267920U (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-12-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of cam overhead exhaust gas auxiliary selenoid fluid pressure type valve actuating mechanism applied to marine low-speed machine |
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Application publication date: 20180928 |
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