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CN108588452B - Device and method for preparing nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by using electromagnetic method - Google Patents

Device and method for preparing nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by using electromagnetic method Download PDF

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CN108588452B
CN108588452B CN201810393040.5A CN201810393040A CN108588452B CN 108588452 B CN108588452 B CN 108588452B CN 201810393040 A CN201810393040 A CN 201810393040A CN 108588452 B CN108588452 B CN 108588452B
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heating furnace
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CN108588452A (en
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吕国强
张玉峰
肖庭
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Kunming University of Science and Technology
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种利用电磁法制备富镍铝硅合金的装置和方法，属于电磁冶金及连续铸造技术领域。该利用电磁法制备富镍铝硅合金的装置，包括给料装置、加热炉、感应加热搅拌装置、抽气系统和冷却水系统。本发明原料添加便捷，可以是块状料，也可以是颗粒；从加料至铸锭连续完成，避免的产品的二次污染；该装置铸造富镍铝硅合金工艺流程短，操作过程简便，生产成本低廉；根据实验分析，铸造的富镍铝硅合金镍元素分布较传统方法更为均匀，镍相尺寸更为细小。同时使得铝硅合金晶粒得到细化，进一步提高了合金的高温金属强度和韧性。

Figure 201810393040

The invention relates to a device and method for preparing nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by electromagnetic method, and belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic metallurgy and continuous casting. The device for preparing nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by electromagnetic method includes a feeding device, a heating furnace, an induction heating and stirring device, an air extraction system and a cooling water system. The method of the invention is convenient to add raw materials, which can be lumps or granules; the continuous completion from feeding to ingots can avoid secondary pollution of products; The cost is low; according to the experimental analysis, the nickel element distribution of the cast nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy is more uniform than the traditional method, and the size of the nickel phase is smaller. At the same time, the grains of the Al-Si alloy are refined, and the high-temperature metal strength and toughness of the alloy are further improved.

Figure 201810393040

Description

Device and method for preparing nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by using electromagnetic method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for preparing nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by using an electromagnetic method, belonging to the technical field of electromagnetic metallurgy and continuous casting.
Background
Aluminum silicon alloys are among the most important alloys in the world industry due to their superior mechanical and casting properties. The use performance of the aluminum-silicon machine can be changed by adding a small amount of nickel and copper into the aluminum-silicon machine, and the high-temperature strength and the heat resistance of the alloy are improved, so that the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy becomes a manufacturing material of cylinder pistons of internal combustion engines for vehicles at home and abroad at present. The nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy is effectively stirred in the preparation process, so that on one hand, the nickel element is more uniformly distributed in the alloy, and the service performance of the alloy is improved; on the other hand, the grain size of the alloy can be refined, and the mechanical strength and toughness of the alloy can be enhanced.
However, there is no disclosure of any nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy device in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems and the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for preparing nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by an electromagnetic method. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A device for preparing nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by an electromagnetic method comprises a feeding device, a heating furnace, an induction heating stirring device 7, an air pumping system 9 and a cooling water system, wherein the feeding device comprises a proportioning box 1, a mixer 2, a feeding pipeline 10, a vibrating feeder inlet 11, a vibrator 12, a receiving plate 13 and a screening plate 14, the heating furnace comprises a storage bin inlet pneumatic valve 3, a heating furnace inlet pneumatic valve 4, a graphite heater 5, a heating furnace discharge port pneumatic valve 6, a material containing crucible 8, a heating furnace shell 15, a storage bin 16, a heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 and a vibrating feeder outlet 18, and the induction heating stirring device 7 comprises an external cooler 19, a wiring port 20, a ventilation partition plate 21, a magnetic insulation sleeve 22, an induction heating stirring furnace body and an induction heating coil;
the feeding device is characterized in that a batching box 1 in the feeding device is communicated with a vibrating feeder inlet 11 at the top of a mixer 2 through a feeding pipeline 10, the feeding pipeline 10 of the mixer 2 is communicated with a material receiving plate 13 and a material sieving plate 14 which are obliquely arranged, and a vibrator 12 positioned in the mixer 2 is arranged on the material sieving plate 14;
the heating furnace comprises a heating furnace shell 15 and a heating furnace corundum furnace body 17, wherein the heating furnace shell 15 and the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 are coaxially positioned outside, graphite heaters 5 are uniformly arranged outside the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17, a storage bin 16 is arranged at the top of the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 through a heating furnace inlet pneumatic valve 4, the storage bin 16 is communicated with a sieve plate 14 through a vibrating feeder outlet 18 at the top of the storage bin 16, a storage bin inlet pneumatic valve 3 is arranged inside the vibrating feeder outlet 18, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17, a heating furnace discharge port pneumatic valve 6 is arranged on the discharge port, the bottom of the heating furnace shell 15 is detachably communicated with a material containing crucible;
the induction heating stirring device 7 is positioned inside a furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace, the induction heating stirring device 7 comprises a magnetic insulating sleeve 22 and an induction heating stirring furnace body which are coaxially positioned outside, an induction heating coil is arranged outside the induction heating stirring furnace body, an external cooler 19 is arranged on the induction heating stirring furnace body, a ventilation partition plate 21 is arranged at the bottom of the magnetic insulating sleeve 22, the induction heating coil is connected with an external power supply through a wiring port 20, the top of the induction heating stirring furnace body is communicated with a discharge port at the bottom of a corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace in the heating furnace, and the bottom of the induction heating stirring furnace body is communicated with the top of a material containing crucible 8 through;
the air extraction system 9 comprises a vacuum pump and an air extraction pipeline, and the air extraction pipeline is communicated with the top of a furnace shell 15 of a heating furnace in the heating furnace;
the cooling water in the cooling water system is conveyed to a cooling water pipeline inside the furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace through a pipeline, and is conveyed to an external cooler 19 in the induction heating stirring device 7 through a pipeline.
The feed inlets of the batching box 1 are symmetrically arranged.
The material receiving plate 13 and the material sieving plate 14 are inclined at an angle of 5-10 degrees.
And a nickel steel plate with the thickness of 5mm is arranged outside the part of the top of the induction heating stirring furnace body communicated with the bottom of the corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace in the heating furnace.
An application method of a device for preparing nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by an electromagnetic method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, preheating a corundum furnace body 17 of a heating furnace to 1500 ℃, and introducing cooling water into a cooling water pipeline inside a furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace to keep the preheating temperature;
step 2, respectively throwing raw materials of aluminum-silicon alloy particles and nickel particles to a batching box 1 by using a conveying belt, then uniformly mixing in a mixer 2 to obtain a mixed material, opening a pneumatic valve 3 at the inlet of a storage bin, enabling the mixed material to enter a corundum furnace body 17 of a heating furnace from a pneumatic valve 4 at the inlet of the heating furnace, closing the pneumatic valve 4 at the inlet of the heating furnace when the filler is 4/5 in the furnace, vacuumizing a furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace and the corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace through an air suction pipeline in an air suction system 9 to a vacuum detection device, and displaying the temperature for 60min at-0.1 to-0.15 Mpa;
step 3, opening a pneumatic valve 6 at the discharge port of the heating furnace, closing the pneumatic valve 6 at the discharge port of the heating furnace when the melt flows out to 1/5 with the capacity of a corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace, opening an induction heating stirring device 7, heating by an induction heating coil and stirring under a generated electromagnetic field, wherein the frequency of the induction heating stirring device 7 is 1 kHz-3 kHz, keeping the temperature at 1450-1500 ℃ for 45-60 min, opening the pneumatic valve at the discharge port of the induction heating stirring device 7, and flowing into a material containing crucible 8 to obtain the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy; in this process, the process of step 2 may be performed simultaneously.
In the step 2, the mass ratio of Al to Si to Ni in the raw aluminum-silicon alloy particles to the nickel particles is 84.5:13: 2.5.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the raw materials are convenient to add, and can be block materials or particles; the process from feeding to ingot casting is continuously finished, so that secondary pollution of products is avoided; the device has short technological process for casting the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy, simple and convenient operation process and low production cost; according to experimental analysis, the distribution of nickel elements of the cast nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy is more uniform and the size of a nickel phase is smaller compared with that of the traditional method. Meanwhile, the aluminum-silicon alloy crystal grains are refined, and the high-temperature metal strength and toughness of the alloy are further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the dispensing bin of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the mixer of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a furnace according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an induction heating stirring apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of dispersing Ni in an Al-Si alloy in example 1 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-proportioning box, 2-mixer, 3-storage bin inlet pneumatic valve, 4-heating furnace inlet pneumatic valve, 5-graphite heater, 6-heating furnace discharge port pneumatic valve, 7-induction heating stirring device, 8-material containing crucible, 9-air pumping system, 10-material inlet pipeline, 11-vibrating feeder inlet, 12-vibrator, 13-material receiving plate, 14-material screening plate, 15-heating furnace shell, 16-storage bin, 17-heating furnace corundum furnace body, 18-vibrating feeder outlet, 19-external cooler, 20-wire connecting port, 21-ventilation baffle plate and 22-magnetic insulation sleeve.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the device for preparing the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by the electromagnetic method comprises a feeding device, a heating furnace, an induction heating stirring device 7, an air pumping system 9 and a cooling water system, wherein the feeding device comprises a batching box 1, a mixer 2, a feeding pipeline 10, a vibrating feeder inlet 11, a vibrator 12, a receiving plate 13 and a screening plate 14, the heating furnace comprises a storage bin inlet pneumatic valve 3, a heating furnace inlet pneumatic valve 4, a graphite heater 5, a heating furnace discharge port pneumatic valve 6, a material containing crucible 8, a heating furnace 15, a storage bin 16, a heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 and a vibrating feeder outlet 18, the induction heating stirring device 7 comprises an external cooler 19, a wiring port 20, a ventilation partition plate 21, a magnetic insulating sleeve 22, an induction heating stirring furnace body and an induction heating coil;
the feeding device is characterized in that a batching box 1 in the feeding device is communicated with a vibrating feeder inlet 11 at the top of a mixer 2 through a feeding pipeline 10, the feeding pipeline 10 of the mixer 2 is communicated with a material receiving plate 13 and a material sieving plate 14 which are obliquely arranged, and a vibrator 12 positioned in the mixer 2 is arranged on the material sieving plate 14;
the heating furnace comprises a heating furnace shell 15 and a heating furnace corundum furnace body 17, wherein the heating furnace shell 15 and the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 are coaxially positioned outside, graphite heaters 5 are uniformly arranged outside the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17, a storage bin 16 is arranged at the top of the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 through a heating furnace inlet pneumatic valve 4, the storage bin 16 is communicated with a sieve plate 14 through a vibrating feeder outlet 18 at the top of the storage bin 16, a storage bin inlet pneumatic valve 3 is arranged inside the vibrating feeder outlet 18, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17, a heating furnace discharge port pneumatic valve 6 is arranged on the discharge port, the bottom of the heating furnace shell 15 is detachably communicated with a material containing crucible;
the induction heating stirring device 7 is positioned inside a furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace, the induction heating stirring device 7 comprises a magnetic insulating sleeve 22 and an induction heating stirring furnace body which are coaxially positioned outside, an induction heating coil is arranged outside the induction heating stirring furnace body, an external cooler 19 is arranged on the induction heating stirring furnace body, a ventilation partition plate 21 is arranged at the bottom of the magnetic insulating sleeve 22, the induction heating coil is connected with an external power supply through a wiring port 20, the top of the induction heating stirring furnace body is communicated with a discharge port at the bottom of a corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace in the heating furnace, and the bottom of the induction heating stirring furnace body is communicated with the top of a material containing crucible 8 through;
the air extraction system 9 comprises a vacuum pump and an air extraction pipeline, and the air extraction pipeline is communicated with the top of a furnace shell 15 of a heating furnace in the heating furnace;
the cooling water in the cooling water system is conveyed to a cooling water pipeline inside the furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace through a pipeline, and is conveyed to an external cooler 19 in the induction heating stirring device 7 through a pipeline.
Wherein the feed inlets of the batching box 1 are symmetrically arranged; the material receiving plate 13 and the material sieving plate 14 are inclined at an angle of 5 degrees; a nickel steel plate with the thickness of 5mm is arranged outside the part of the top of the induction heating stirring furnace body communicated with the bottom of the corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace in the heating furnace.
The application method of the device for preparing the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by using the electromagnetic method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, preheating a corundum furnace body 17 of a heating furnace to 1500 ℃, and introducing cooling water into a cooling water pipeline inside a furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace to keep the preheating temperature;
step 2, respectively feeding raw material aluminum-silicon alloy particles and nickel particles (wherein the mass ratio of Al to Si to Ni in the raw material aluminum-silicon alloy particles to the nickel particles is 84.5:13: 2.5) to a batching box 1 by using a conveying belt, then uniformly mixing in a mixer 2 to obtain a mixed material, opening a storage bin inlet pneumatic valve 3, enabling the mixed material to enter a heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 from a heating furnace inlet pneumatic valve 4, closing the heating furnace inlet corundum door 4 when the filler is 4/5 in the furnace, vacuumizing the heating furnace shell 15 and the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 through an air extraction pipeline in an air extraction system 9 until vacuum detection equipment displays-0.1 MPa, and keeping the temperature for 60 min;
step 3, opening a pneumatic valve 6 at the discharge port of the heating furnace, closing the pneumatic valve 6 at the discharge port of the heating furnace when the melt flows out to 1/5 in the capacity of a corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace, opening an induction heating stirring device 7, heating by an induction heating coil and stirring under a generated electromagnetic field, wherein the frequency of the induction heating stirring device 7 is 3kHz, keeping the temperature at 1500 ℃ for 45min, opening the pneumatic valve at the discharge port of the induction heating stirring device 7, and flowing into a material containing crucible 8 to obtain the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy; in this process, the process of step 2 may be performed simultaneously.
The effect of Ni dispersion in Al-Si alloy in step 3 of this example is shown in FIG. 6. It can be seen from fig. 6 that the white granular Ni element is uniformly distributed in the matrix (Al — Si alloy).
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the device for preparing the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by the electromagnetic method comprises a feeding device, a heating furnace, an induction heating stirring device 7, an air pumping system 9 and a cooling water system, wherein the feeding device comprises a batching box 1, a mixer 2, a feeding pipeline 10, a vibrating feeder inlet 11, a vibrator 12, a receiving plate 13 and a screening plate 14, the heating furnace comprises a storage bin inlet pneumatic valve 3, a heating furnace inlet pneumatic valve 4, a graphite heater 5, a heating furnace discharge port pneumatic valve 6, a material containing crucible 8, a heating furnace 15, a storage bin 16, a heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 and a vibrating feeder outlet 18, the induction heating stirring device 7 comprises an external cooler 19, a wiring port 20, a ventilation partition plate 21, a magnetic insulating sleeve 22, an induction heating stirring furnace body and an induction heating coil;
the feeding device is characterized in that a batching box 1 in the feeding device is communicated with a vibrating feeder inlet 11 at the top of a mixer 2 through a feeding pipeline 10, the feeding pipeline 10 of the mixer 2 is communicated with a material receiving plate 13 and a material sieving plate 14 which are obliquely arranged, and a vibrator 12 positioned in the mixer 2 is arranged on the material sieving plate 14;
the heating furnace comprises a heating furnace shell 15 and a heating furnace corundum furnace body 17, wherein the heating furnace shell 15 and the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 are coaxially positioned outside, graphite heaters 5 are uniformly arranged outside the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17, a storage bin 16 is arranged at the top of the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 through a heating furnace inlet pneumatic valve 4, the storage bin 16 is communicated with a sieve plate 14 through a vibrating feeder outlet 18 at the top of the storage bin 16, a storage bin inlet pneumatic valve 3 is arranged inside the vibrating feeder outlet 18, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17, a heating furnace discharge port pneumatic valve 6 is arranged on the discharge port, the bottom of the heating furnace shell 15 is detachably communicated with a material containing crucible;
the induction heating stirring device 7 is positioned inside a furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace, the induction heating stirring device 7 comprises a magnetic insulating sleeve 22 and an induction heating stirring furnace body which are coaxially positioned outside, an induction heating coil is arranged outside the induction heating stirring furnace body, an external cooler 19 is arranged on the induction heating stirring furnace body, a ventilation partition plate 21 is arranged at the bottom of the magnetic insulating sleeve 22, the induction heating coil is connected with an external power supply through a wiring port 20, the top of the induction heating stirring furnace body is communicated with a discharge port at the bottom of a corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace in the heating furnace, and the bottom of the induction heating stirring furnace body is communicated with the top of a material containing crucible 8 through;
the air extraction system 9 comprises a vacuum pump and an air extraction pipeline, and the air extraction pipeline is communicated with the top of a furnace shell 15 of a heating furnace in the heating furnace;
the cooling water in the cooling water system is conveyed to a cooling water pipeline inside the furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace through a pipeline, and is conveyed to an external cooler 19 in the induction heating stirring device 7 through a pipeline.
Wherein the feed inlets of the batching box 1 are symmetrically arranged; the material receiving plate 13 and the material sieving plate 14 are obliquely arranged at 10 degrees; a nickel steel plate with the thickness of 5mm is arranged outside the part of the top of the induction heating stirring furnace body communicated with the bottom of the corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace in the heating furnace.
The application method of the device for preparing the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by using the electromagnetic method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, preheating a corundum furnace body 17 of a heating furnace to 1500 ℃, and introducing cooling water into a cooling water pipeline inside a furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace to keep the preheating temperature;
step 2, respectively feeding raw material aluminum-silicon alloy particles and nickel particles (wherein the mass ratio of Al to Si to Ni in the raw material aluminum-silicon alloy particles to the nickel particles is 84.5:13: 2.5) to a batching box 1 by using a conveying belt, then uniformly mixing in a mixer 2 to obtain a mixed material, opening a storage bin inlet pneumatic valve 3, enabling the mixed material to enter a heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 from a heating furnace inlet pneumatic valve 4, closing the heating furnace inlet corundum door 4 when the filler is 4/5 in the furnace, vacuumizing the heating furnace shell 15 and the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 through an air extraction pipeline in an air extraction system 9 until vacuum detection equipment displays-0.15 MPa, and preserving heat for 60 min;
step 3, opening a pneumatic valve 6 at the discharge port of the heating furnace, closing the pneumatic valve 6 at the discharge port of the heating furnace when the melt flows out to 1/5 with the capacity of a corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace, opening an induction heating stirring device 7, heating by an induction heating coil and stirring under a generated electromagnetic field, wherein the frequency of the induction heating stirring device 7 is 1kHz, keeping the temperature at 1450 ℃ for 60min, opening the pneumatic valve at the discharge port of the induction heating stirring device 7, and flowing into a material containing crucible 8 to obtain the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy; in this process, the process of step 2 may be performed simultaneously.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the device for preparing the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by the electromagnetic method comprises a feeding device, a heating furnace, an induction heating stirring device 7, an air pumping system 9 and a cooling water system, wherein the feeding device comprises a batching box 1, a mixer 2, a feeding pipeline 10, a vibrating feeder inlet 11, a vibrator 12, a receiving plate 13 and a screening plate 14, the heating furnace comprises a storage bin inlet pneumatic valve 3, a heating furnace inlet pneumatic valve 4, a graphite heater 5, a heating furnace discharge port pneumatic valve 6, a material containing crucible 8, a heating furnace 15, a storage bin 16, a heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 and a vibrating feeder outlet 18, the induction heating stirring device 7 comprises an external cooler 19, a wiring port 20, a ventilation partition plate 21, a magnetic insulating sleeve 22, an induction heating stirring furnace body and an induction heating coil;
the feeding device is characterized in that a batching box 1 in the feeding device is communicated with a vibrating feeder inlet 11 at the top of a mixer 2 through a feeding pipeline 10, the feeding pipeline 10 of the mixer 2 is communicated with a material receiving plate 13 and a material sieving plate 14 which are obliquely arranged, and a vibrator 12 positioned in the mixer 2 is arranged on the material sieving plate 14;
the heating furnace comprises a heating furnace shell 15 and a heating furnace corundum furnace body 17, wherein the heating furnace shell 15 and the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 are coaxially positioned outside, graphite heaters 5 are uniformly arranged outside the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17, a storage bin 16 is arranged at the top of the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 through a heating furnace inlet pneumatic valve 4, the storage bin 16 is communicated with a sieve plate 14 through a vibrating feeder outlet 18 at the top of the storage bin 16, a storage bin inlet pneumatic valve 3 is arranged inside the vibrating feeder outlet 18, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17, a heating furnace discharge port pneumatic valve 6 is arranged on the discharge port, the bottom of the heating furnace shell 15 is detachably communicated with a material containing crucible;
the induction heating stirring device 7 is positioned inside a furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace, the induction heating stirring device 7 comprises a magnetic insulating sleeve 22 and an induction heating stirring furnace body which are coaxially positioned outside, an induction heating coil is arranged outside the induction heating stirring furnace body, an external cooler 19 is arranged on the induction heating stirring furnace body, a ventilation partition plate 21 is arranged at the bottom of the magnetic insulating sleeve 22, the induction heating coil is connected with an external power supply through a wiring port 20, the top of the induction heating stirring furnace body is communicated with a discharge port at the bottom of a corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace in the heating furnace, and the bottom of the induction heating stirring furnace body is communicated with the top of a material containing crucible 8 through;
the air extraction system 9 comprises a vacuum pump and an air extraction pipeline, and the air extraction pipeline is communicated with the top of a furnace shell 15 of a heating furnace in the heating furnace;
the cooling water in the cooling water system is conveyed to a cooling water pipeline inside the furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace through a pipeline, and is conveyed to an external cooler 19 in the induction heating stirring device 7 through a pipeline.
Wherein the feed inlets of the batching box 1 are symmetrically arranged; the material receiving plate 13 and the material sieving plate 14 are inclined at 8 degrees; a nickel steel plate with the thickness of 5mm is arranged outside the part of the top of the induction heating stirring furnace body communicated with the bottom of the corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace in the heating furnace.
The application method of the device for preparing the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by using the electromagnetic method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, preheating a corundum furnace body 17 of a heating furnace to 1500 ℃, and introducing cooling water into a cooling water pipeline inside a furnace shell 15 of the heating furnace to keep the preheating temperature;
step 2, respectively feeding raw material aluminum-silicon alloy particles and nickel particles (wherein the mass ratio of Al to Si to Ni in the raw material aluminum-silicon alloy particles to the nickel particles is 84.5:13: 2.5) to a batching box 1 by using a conveying belt, then uniformly mixing in a mixer 2 to obtain a mixed material, opening a storage bin inlet pneumatic valve 3, enabling the mixed material to enter a heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 from a heating furnace inlet pneumatic valve 4, closing the heating furnace inlet corundum door 4 when the filler is 4/5 in the furnace, vacuumizing the heating furnace shell 15 and the heating furnace corundum furnace body 17 through an air extraction pipeline in an air extraction system 9 until vacuum detection equipment displays-0.12 MPa and keeps the temperature for 60 min;
step 3, opening a pneumatic valve 6 at the discharge port of the heating furnace, closing the pneumatic valve 6 at the discharge port of the heating furnace when the melt flows out to 1/5 with the capacity of a corundum furnace body 17 of the heating furnace, opening an induction heating stirring device 7, heating by an induction heating coil and stirring under a generated electromagnetic field, wherein the frequency of the induction heating stirring device 7 is 2kHz, keeping the temperature at 1475 ℃ for 50min, opening the pneumatic valve at the discharge port of the induction heating stirring device 7, and flowing into a material containing crucible 8 to obtain the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy; in this process, the process of step 2 may be performed simultaneously.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1.一种利用电磁法制备富镍铝硅合金的装置的应用方法，该装置包括给料装置、加热炉、感应加热搅拌装置（7）、抽气系统（9）和冷却水系统，给料装置包括配料箱（1）、混合器（2）、入料管道（10）、振动给料机入口（11）、振子（12）、接料板（13）和筛料板（14），加热炉包括储料仓入口气动阀门（3）、加热炉入口气动阀门（4）、石墨加热器（5）、加热炉出料口气动阀门（6）、盛料坩埚（8）、加热炉炉壳（15）、储料仓（16）、加热炉刚玉炉体（17）和振动给料机出口（18），感应加热搅拌装置（7）包括外部冷却器（19）、接线口（20）、通风隔板（21）、磁绝缘套（22）、感应加热搅拌炉体和感应加热线圈；1. An application method of a device for preparing a nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by an electromagnetic method, the device comprises a feeding device, a heating furnace, an induction heating stirring device (7), an air extraction system (9) and a cooling water system, and the feeding The device includes a batching box (1), a mixer (2), a feeding pipeline (10), an inlet of a vibrating feeder (11), a vibrator (12), a feeding plate (13) and a sieving plate (14), heating The furnace includes a pneumatic valve (3) at the inlet of the storage bin, a pneumatic valve at the inlet of the heating furnace (4), a graphite heater (5), a pneumatic valve at the outlet of the heating furnace (6), a crucible for holding materials (8), and a furnace shell of the heating furnace. (15), storage bin (16), corundum furnace body (17) of heating furnace and outlet (18) of vibrating feeder, induction heating stirring device (7) includes external cooler (19), wiring port (20), Ventilation baffle (21), magnetic insulating sleeve (22), induction heating stirring furnace body and induction heating coil; 所述给料装置中配料箱（1）通过入料管道（10）与混合器（2）顶部的振动给料机入口（11）连通，混合器（2）入料管道（10）连通倾斜设置的接料板（13）和筛料板（14），筛料板（14）上设有位于混合器（2）内部的振子（12）；In the feeding device, the batching box (1) is communicated with the inlet (11) of the vibrating feeder at the top of the mixer (2) through the feeding pipe (10), and the feeding pipe (10) of the mixer (2) is connected with an inclined setting. The receiving plate (13) and the sieving plate (14) are provided with a vibrator (12) inside the mixer (2) on the sieving plate (14); 所述加热炉中包括同轴位于外部的加热炉炉壳（15）和位于内部的加热炉刚玉炉体（17），加热炉刚玉炉体（17）外部均匀设有石墨加热器（5），加热炉刚玉炉体（17）顶部通过加热炉入口气动阀门（4）设有储料仓（16），储料仓（16）通过储料仓（16）顶部的振动给料机出口（18）与筛料板（14）连通，振动给料机出口（18）内部设有储料仓入口气动阀门（3），加热炉刚玉炉体（17）底部设有出料口，出料口上设有加热炉出料口气动阀门（6），加热炉炉壳（15）底部与盛料坩埚（8）可拆卸连通，加热炉炉壳（15）内部设有冷却水管道；The heating furnace includes a heating furnace shell (15) coaxially located outside and a heating furnace corundum furnace body (17) located inside. The top of the corundum body (17) of the heating furnace is provided with a storage bin (16) through the pneumatic valve (4) at the inlet of the heating furnace, and the storage bin (16) passes through the vibrating feeder outlet (18) on the top of the storage bin (16). Connected with the sieve plate (14), the vibrating feeder outlet (18) is provided with a storage bin inlet pneumatic valve (3), the corundum body (17) of the heating furnace is provided with a discharge port at the bottom, and the discharge port is provided with A pneumatic valve (6) at the discharge port of the heating furnace, the bottom of the furnace shell (15) of the heating furnace is detachably connected with the crucible (8) containing the material, and a cooling water pipeline is arranged inside the furnace shell (15) of the heating furnace; 所述感应加热搅拌装置（7）位于加热炉炉壳（15）内部，感应加热搅拌装置（7）中包括同轴位于外部的磁绝缘套（22）和内部的感应加热搅拌炉体，感应加热搅拌炉体外部设有感应加热线圈，感应加热搅拌炉体上设有外部冷却器（19），磁绝缘套（22）底部设有通风隔板（21），感应加热线圈通过接线口（20）与外接电源连接，感应加热搅拌炉体顶部与加热炉中加热炉刚玉炉体（17）底部的出料口连通，感应加热搅拌炉体底部通过出料口气动阀门与盛料坩埚（8）顶部连通；The induction heating stirring device (7) is located inside the furnace shell (15) of the heating furnace, and the induction heating stirring device (7) includes a magnetic insulating sleeve (22) coaxially located on the outside and an inner induction heating stirring furnace body, and the induction heating An induction heating coil is arranged outside the stirring furnace body, an external cooler (19) is arranged on the induction heating stirring furnace body, a ventilation partition (21) is arranged at the bottom of the magnetic insulating sleeve (22), and the induction heating coil passes through the wiring port (20) Connected to an external power source, the top of the induction heating and stirring furnace body is connected to the discharge port at the bottom of the corundum furnace body (17) of the heating furnace, and the bottom of the induction heating and stirring furnace body is connected to the top of the crucible (8) through the pneumatic valve of the discharge port. connected; 所述抽气系统（9）包括真空泵和抽气管路，抽气管路与加热炉中加热炉炉壳（15）顶部相通；The air extraction system (9) includes a vacuum pump and an air extraction pipeline, and the air extraction pipeline communicates with the top of the heating furnace shell (15) in the heating furnace; 所述冷却水系统中的冷却水通过管道输送到加热炉炉壳（15）内部的冷却水管道中，以及通过管道输送到感应加热搅拌装置（7）中外部冷却器（19）中，其特征在于具体步骤如下：The cooling water in the cooling water system is transported into the cooling water pipeline inside the heating furnace shell (15) through the pipeline, and into the external cooler (19) in the induction heating stirring device (7) through the pipeline, which is characterized by: The specific steps are as follows: 步骤1、通过将加热炉刚玉炉体（17）预热至1500℃，然向加热炉炉壳（15）内部冷却水管道中通入冷却水保持预热温度；Step 1, by preheating the corundum body (17) of the heating furnace to 1500°C, and then feeding cooling water into the cooling water pipeline inside the heating furnace shell (15) to maintain the preheating temperature; 步骤2、将原料铝硅合金颗粒与镍颗粒分别利用传送皮带投至配料箱（1），然后在混合器（2）中混合均匀得到混合物料，打开储料仓入口气动阀门（3），混合物料从加热炉入口气动阀门（4）进入到加热炉刚玉炉体（17）中，待填料至炉内4/5时关闭加热炉入口气动阀门（4），通过抽气系统（9）中的抽气管路将加热炉炉壳（15）和加热炉刚玉炉体（17）抽真空至真空检测设备显示-0.1~-0.15Mpa，保温60min；Step 2. Put the raw material aluminum-silicon alloy particles and nickel particles into the batching box (1) by using the conveyor belt respectively, and then mix them evenly in the mixer (2) to obtain the mixed material, open the pneumatic valve (3) at the inlet of the storage bin, and the mixture The material enters the corundum body (17) of the heating furnace from the pneumatic valve (4) at the inlet of the heating furnace. When the filling reaches 4/5 of the furnace, the pneumatic valve (4) at the inlet of the heating furnace is closed. The air extraction pipeline evacuates the furnace shell (15) and the corundum body (17) of the heating furnace until the vacuum detection equipment shows -0.1~-0.15Mpa, and the temperature is kept for 60 minutes; 步骤3、打开加热炉出料口气动阀门（6），待熔体流出至加热炉刚玉炉体（17）容量的1/5关闭加热炉出料口气动阀门（6），打开感应加热搅拌装置（7），通过感应加热线圈加热及在产生的电磁场下搅拌，其中感应加热搅拌装置（7）频率为1kHz~3kHz，在温度为1450~1500℃保温45~60 min，打开感应加热搅拌装置（7）出料口气动阀门，流入到盛料坩埚（8）中得到富镍铝硅合金；在此过程中，同时进行步骤2的处理过程。Step 3. Open the pneumatic valve (6) at the outlet of the heating furnace, and when the melt flows out to 1/5 of the capacity of the corundum body (17) of the heating furnace, close the pneumatic valve (6) at the outlet of the heating furnace, and open the induction heating stirring device (7), heating by induction heating coil and stirring under the generated electromagnetic field, in which the frequency of the induction heating stirring device (7) is 1kHz~3kHz, and the temperature is 1450~1500℃ for 45~60 min, and the induction heating stirring device (7) is turned on. 7) The pneumatic valve of the discharge port flows into the crucible (8) for holding the material to obtain a nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy; during this process, the treatment process of step 2 is carried out at the same time. 2.根据权利要求1所述的利用电磁法制备富镍铝硅合金的装置的应用方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2中原料铝硅合金颗粒与镍颗粒中Al: Si: Ni质量比为84.5:13:2.5。2. the application method of the device that utilizes electromagnetic method to prepare the nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step 2, in the raw material aluminum-silicon alloy particle and the nickel particle, Al: Si: Ni mass ratio is 84.5:13:2.5. 3.根据权利要求1所述的利用电磁法制备富镍铝硅合金的装置的应用方法，其特征在于：所述配料箱（1）进料口为两个对称布置。3 . The application method of the device for preparing nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by electromagnetic method according to claim 1 , wherein the feeding ports of the batching box ( 1 ) are arranged symmetrically. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的利用电磁法制备富镍铝硅合金的装置的应用方法，其特征在于：所述接料板（13）和筛料板（14）呈5～10º倾斜设置。4. The application method of the device for preparing nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by electromagnetic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the feeding plate (13) and the sieving plate (14) are arranged at an inclination of 5-10°. 5.根据权利要求1所述的利用电磁法制备富镍铝硅合金的装置，其特征在于：所述感应加热搅拌炉体顶部与加热炉中加热炉刚玉炉体（17）底部处相通部位外设有5mm厚镍钢板。5. The device for preparing nickel-rich aluminum-silicon alloy by electromagnetic method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the top of the induction heating stirring furnace body and the bottom part of the corundum furnace body (17) of the heating furnace in the heating furnace communicate with each other. With 5mm thick nickel steel plate.
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