CN108585941A - A kind of foam concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to a foamed concrete and a preparation method thereof; the composition in parts by mass is as follows: 30-50 parts of siliceous material, 40-60 parts of calcareous material, 1.8-5.4 parts of bone glue powder, and 100 parts of water ‑150 parts, 5.6‑6.4 parts of early strength agent, 2.2‑2.8 parts of coagulation accelerator, 1.8‑3.2 parts of anti-cracking fiber, 1.5‑6.4 parts of coal gangue, 1.2‑1.8 parts of composite foaming agent, 10‑18 parts of compensating agent The existence of the foam-fixing agent in the present invention is beneficial to the bubbles that have formed no longer continue to expand to cause rupture, effectively eliminate the phenomenon of different sizes of the bubbles, and the pores formed after mixing and stirring with the slurry, pouring molding, and curing are uniform and dense , lighter in weight but high in strength, and has good thermal insulation performance.

Description

A kind of foam concrete and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to a foam concrete and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Foamed concrete, also known as foamed cement, lightweight concrete, etc., is a new type of building energy-saving material that is waste-friendly, environmentally friendly, energy-saving, inexpensive and non-combustible. Lightweight concrete (foam concrete) is formed by introducing air or nitrogen, carbon dioxide, oxygen and other gases into the concrete slurry according to the application needs through chemical or physical means, and after reasonable maintenance and molding, it is formed to contain a large number of small closed pores, and Concrete products of considerable strength. The production of lightweight concrete (foamed concrete) is usually prepared by mechanically preparing the foaming agent aqueous solution into a foam, and then adding the foam to the slurry composed of siliceous materials, calcium materials, water and various admixtures, etc. A porous material made by mixing, pouring and curing.

There are two production methods of foam concrete: wet mortar method and dry mortar method. The wet mortar method is usually to mix cement, sand, etc. into mortar at a concrete mixing station, and transport it to the construction site with a car-type mixer locomotive, and then add the foam made separately to the mortar, and the mixer will mix the foam and mortar evenly, and then the prepared Foam concrete is poured into pump trucks for transportation or directly constructed on site. The dry mortar method is to transport the dry components (cement, fly ash, etc.) to the construction site through a bulk transport or transmission system, mix the dry components with water at the construction site, and then add the separately made foam to the mortar. The two are mixed in a homogenizer and then used for on-site construction.

Due to the low consistency of this foam concrete, its viscosity cannot overcome the surface expansion force of the foam. The diameter of the foam at different positions in the slurry increases to varying degrees with time, so that some of the foam diameters are too large. Moreover, the diameter of the foam is different, the foaming is unstable, and the ability of the foaming rate is reduced; finally, the quality of the foaming is affected.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a foam concrete with high foaming ability and high concrete consistency. Another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of foam concrete.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

A kind of foam concrete, its composition by mass is as follows: 30-50 parts of siliceous material, 40-60 parts of calcareous material, 1.8-5.4 parts of bone glue powder, 100-150 parts of water, 5.6-6.4 parts of early strength agent, accelerator 2.2-2.8 parts of coagulant, 1.8-3.2 parts of anti-cracking fiber, 1.5-6.4 parts of coal gangue, 1.2-1.8 parts of composite foaming agent, and 10-18 parts of compensating agent.

Preferably, the siliceous material is a mixture of fly ash, nano silicon dioxide and silica fume, the mass ratio of which is: 3.6:1.2-2.4:1.

Preferably, the calcareous material is selected from a mixture of limestone particles, limestone fine powder, magnesium aluminum sol, alumina micropowder, magnesite fine powder and calcium lignosulfonate, and its mass ratio is: 30-35:10-18: 5-12:10:3-5:1.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the limestone particles, limestone fine powder, magnesium aluminum sol, alumina fine powder, magnesite fine powder and calcium lignosulfonate is 32:15:8:10:4:1.

Preferably, the composition by mass of the accelerator is as follows: 15-24 parts of sulfate, 12-24 parts of carbonate, 6-8 parts of calcium oxalate, 16-20 parts of melamine, and the accelerator modifier aluminum acid 10-16 parts of sodium, 2-6 parts of retarder calcium sugar and 3-5 parts of citric acid.

Preferably, the composite foaming agent is composed of 8% by mass of the foam-fixing agent fatty acid methanolamide and 92% by mass of the rosin foaming agent.

Preferably, the coarse particles larger than 2 mm in the gangue account for less than 5%.

Preferably, the compensator is an anti-corrosion and anti-rust compensator, and its composition in parts by mass is as follows: 3-8 parts of gypsum, 1.2-1.8 parts of monofluorophosphate, 1.2-1.6 parts of cement clinker, and 6-8 parts of alum.

Prepare a kind of method for foamed concrete, described preparation method comprises the following steps:

(1) Foaming process: In a high-pressure reaction kettle, under the condition that the temperature is lower than 65°C, dissolve the bone cement powder and the composite foaming agent in water to form a solution with a mass concentration of 15%, and then use pressure to form a mixed solution. The foaming machine is stirred and foamed, and the foam is checked for normal use;

(2) Handling the slurry: put the siliceous material, calcareous material, anti-crack fiber and coal gangue into the concrete mixer, stir evenly and set aside;

(3) The early strength agent, coagulant and compensator are dissolved in water in an autoclave to form a mixture, and the temperature of the autoclave is less than 65°C;

(4) Stirring molding maintenance: first mix the slurry mixed in step (2) with the foam in step (1), then add the mixture obtained in step (3), and stir well; finally mix the well-stirred foam The concrete is delivered to the mold, and the mold can be removed 36-48 hours after pouring into the mold, the humidity can be kept above 85%, and it can be used after 3 days of curing.

The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of the present invention are:

1. The existence of the foam-fixing agent in the present invention is beneficial to the bubbles that have been formed not to continue to expand and cause rupture, effectively eliminating the phenomenon of different sizes of the bubbles, and the pores formed after mixing and stirring with the slurry, pouring molding, and curing are uniform It is compact, lighter in weight but high in strength, and has good thermal insulation performance.

2. The foamed concrete of the present invention has high compressive strength, small thermal conductivity, and good weather resistance. The combination with the wall does not need to add rubber powder, and the surface mortar can also greatly reduce the amount of rubber powder, so that the bonding mortar and plastering mortar The cost is greatly reduced, and the overall cost can be greatly reduced when used as an external wall insulation board, and the fire resistance is far superior to that of polystyrene foam board.

3. The foamed concrete of the present invention can be widely used in the single thermal insulation wall of the external wall, the internal and external partition wall of the frame structure, the back wall of the large wall cabinet, the fireproof and sound insulation of the internal wall; the internal wall of the cold storage; the thermal insulation of the floor and the roof heat insulation.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail in conjunction with specific embodiments now.

Example 1

A kind of foam concrete, its mass parts composition is as follows: 30 parts of siliceous material, 40 parts of calcareous material, 1.8 parts of bone cement powder, 100 parts of water, 5.6 parts of early strength agent, 2.2 parts of coagulant, 1.8 parts of crack-resistant fiber , 1.5 parts of coal gangue, 1.2 parts of composite foaming agent, 10 parts of compensating agent,

Among them, coarse particles larger than 2mm in coal gangue account for less than 5%, and the composite foaming agent is composed of 8% by mass of foam-fixing agent fatty acid methanolamide and 92% by mass of rosin foaming agent; A mixture of coal ash, nano-silica and silica fume, the mass ratio is: 3.6:1.2:1; the calcareous material is limestone particles, limestone fine powder, magnesium aluminum sol, alumina fine powder, magnesia fine powder and lignin The mixture of calcium sulfonate, its mass ratio is: 30:10:5:10:3:1; the mass parts composition of accelerator is as follows: 15 parts of sulfate, 12 parts of carbonate, 6 parts of calcium oxalate, melamine series 16 parts, 10 parts of coagulation accelerator sodium aluminate, 2 parts of calcium saccharate retarder and 3 parts of citric acid; the compensator is an anti-corrosion and anti-rust compensator, and its composition by mass is as follows: 3 parts of gypsum, monofluorophosphate 1.2 parts, 1.2 parts of cement clinker, 6 parts of alum stone.

Example 2

A kind of foam concrete, its composition by mass is as follows: 35 parts of siliceous material, 45 parts of calcareous material, 2 parts of bone glue powder, 110 parts of water, 5.8 parts of early strength agent, 2.4 parts of coagulant, 2 parts of crack-resistant fiber , 1.8 parts of coal gangue, 1.4 parts of composite foaming agent, and 12 parts of compensating agent;

Among them, the siliceous material is a mixture of fly ash, nano-silica and silica fume, and its mass ratio is: 3.6:1.5:1; the calcareous material is limestone particles, limestone fine powder, magnesium aluminum sol, alumina micropowder, The mixture of magnesia fine powder and calcium lignosulfonate, its mass ratio is: 32:12:6:10:3.5:1; 6.5 parts of calcium oxalate, 17 parts of melamine series, 12 parts of coagulation accelerator sodium aluminate, 3 parts of calcium saccharate and 3.5 parts of citric acid; Amide and rosin foaming agent with a mass percentage of 92%; coarse particles larger than 2mm in coal gangue account for less than 5%; the compensator is an anti-corrosion and anti-rust compensator, and its mass composition is as follows: 4 parts of gypsum, monofluorophosphate 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts of cement clinker, 6.5 parts of alum stone.

Example 3

A kind of foam concrete, its mass parts composition is as follows: 40 parts of siliceous material, 50 parts of calcareous material, 3.6 parts of bone cement powder, 120 parts of water, 6 parts of early strength agent, 2.5 parts of coagulant, 2.5 parts of crack-resistant fiber , 3.6 parts of coal gangue, 1.5 parts of composite foaming agent, and 14 parts of compensating agent;

Among them, the siliceous material is a mixture of fly ash, nano-silica and silica fume, and its mass ratio is: 3.6:1.8:1; the calcareous material is limestone particles, limestone fine powder, magnesium aluminum sol, alumina micropowder, The mixture of magnesia fine powder and calcium lignosulfonate has a mass ratio of 32:15:8:10:4:1; the mass parts of early strength agent are composed as follows: 20 parts of sulfate, 18 parts of carbonate, 7 parts of calcium oxalate, 18 parts of melamine series, 12 parts of coagulation accelerator sodium aluminate, 4 parts of calcium saccharate and 4 parts of citric acid; Amide and rosin foaming agent with a mass percentage of 92%; coarse particles larger than 2mm in coal gangue account for less than 5%; the compensator is an anti-corrosion and anti-rust compensator, and its mass composition is as follows: 6 parts of gypsum, monofluorophosphate 1.5 parts, 1.4 parts of cement clinker, 7 parts of alum stone.

Example 4

A kind of foam concrete, its mass parts composition is as follows: 45 parts of siliceous material, 55 parts of calcareous material, 4.8 parts of bone cement powder, 145 parts of water, 6 parts of early strength agent, 2.6 parts of coagulant, 3 parts of crack-resistant fiber , 6.2 parts of coal gangue, 1.6 parts of composite blowing agent, and 16 parts of compensating agent;

Among them, the siliceous material is a mixture of fly ash, nano-silica and silica fume, and its mass ratio is: 3.6:2.2:1; the calcareous material is limestone particles, limestone fine powder, magnesium aluminum sol, alumina micropowder, The mixture of magnesia fine powder and calcium lignosulfonate, its mass ratio is: 32:16:10:10:4.5:1; 7.5 parts of calcium oxalate, 18 parts of melamine series, 15 parts of coagulation accelerator sodium aluminate, 5.5 parts of calcium saccharate and 4.5 parts of citric acid; Amide and rosin foaming agent with a mass percentage of 92%; coarse particles larger than 2mm in coal gangue account for less than 5%; the compensator is an anti-corrosion and anti-rust compensator, and its mass composition is as follows: 7 parts of gypsum, monofluorophosphate 1.6 parts, 1.5 parts of cement clinker, 7.5 parts of alum stone.

Example 5

A kind of foam concrete, its composition by mass is as follows: 50 parts of siliceous material, 60 parts of calcareous material, 5.4 parts of bone glue powder, 150 parts of water, 6.4 parts of early strength agent, 2.8 parts of coagulant, 3.2 parts of crack-resistant fiber , 6.4 parts of coal gangue, 1.8 parts of composite foaming agent, and 18 parts of compensating agent;

Among them, the siliceous material is a mixture of fly ash, nano-silica and silica fume, and its mass ratio is: 3.6:2.4:1; the calcareous material is limestone particles, limestone fine powder, magnesium aluminum sol, alumina micropowder, The mixture of magnesia fine powder and calcium lignosulfonate has a mass ratio of 35:8:12:10:5:1; the mass parts of early strength agent are composed as follows: 24 parts of sulfate, 24 parts of carbonate, 8 parts of calcium oxalate, 20 parts of melamine series, 16 parts of coagulation accelerator sodium aluminate, 6 parts of calcium saccharate and 5 parts of citric acid; Amide and rosin foaming agent with a mass percentage of 92%; coarse particles larger than 2mm in coal gangue account for less than 5%; the compensator is an anti-corrosion and anti-rust compensator, and its mass composition is as follows: 8 parts of gypsum, monofluorophosphate 1.8 parts, 1.6 parts of cement clinker, and 8 parts of alum stone.

The preparation method of the foamed concrete in embodiment 1-5 is as follows:

(1) Foaming process: In a high-pressure reaction kettle, under the condition that the temperature is lower than 65°C, dissolve the bone cement powder and the composite foaming agent in water to form a solution with a mass concentration of 15%, and then use pressure to form a mixed solution. The foaming machine is stirred and foamed, and the foam is checked for normal use;

(2) Handling the slurry: put the siliceous material, calcareous material, anti-crack fiber and coal gangue into the concrete mixer, stir evenly and set aside;

(3) The early strength agent, coagulant and compensator are dissolved in water in an autoclave to form a mixture, and the temperature of the autoclave is less than 65°C;

(4) Stirring molding maintenance: first mix the slurry mixed in step (2) with the foam in step (1), then add the mixture obtained in step (3), and stir well; finally mix the well-stirred foam The concrete is delivered to the mold, and the mold can be removed 36-48 hours after pouring into the mold, the humidity can be kept above 85%, and it can be used after 3 days of curing.

Embodiment 6 is a control group, no foaming agent is added, and no foam-fixing agent is added in the foaming agent in embodiment 7;

Using the foamed concrete in Examples 1 to 5, the dry apparent density, 28d compressive strength and thermal conductivity were tested by the methods of "Technical Regulations for Lightweight Aggregate Concrete" JGJ51-2002 and "Test Methods for Basic Performance of Building Mortar" JGJ70-90 Coefficient detection, the detection results are as follows

As can be seen from the above test results, the thermal conductivity of the foamed concrete of 450kg/ ^m3 in Examples 1-5 is less than the required value of 0.1W/(m k) required by the national standard for the thermal conductivity of B03 grade blocks, but the compressive strength is lower than that of the national standard. It is far greater than the national standard's strength requirement of B03 grade blocks of 1.0Mpa, which can meet the national energy saving requirement of 65% while greatly reducing the thickness of the wall, and can also increase the building area without changing the building area. interior space.

Since the composite foaming agent in the foam concrete of the present invention is composed of 8% foam-fixing agent fatty acid methanolamide and 92% rosin foaming agent by mass percentage, the existence of the foam-fixing agent is beneficial to the bubbles that have formed no longer Expansion leads to rupture, which effectively eliminates the phenomenon of different sizes of bubbles. After mixing with slurry, pouring molding, and curing, the pores formed are uniform and dense, and the weight is lighter but the strength is high. The thermal insulation performance is also good.

Inspired by the above-mentioned ideal embodiment according to the present invention, through the above-mentioned description content, relevant workers can make various changes and modifications within the scope of not departing from the technical idea of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A foam concrete, characterized in that, its mass parts are composed as follows: 30-50 parts of siliceous material, 40-60 parts of calcareous material, 1.8-5.4 parts of bone glue powder, 100-150 parts of water, early strength agent 5.6-6.4 parts, 2.2-2.8 parts coagulant, 1.8-3.2 parts anti-crack fiber, 1.5-6.4 parts coal gangue, 1.2-1.8 parts composite foaming agent, 10-18 parts compensator. 2. A kind of foamed concrete according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described siliceous material selects the mixture of fly ash, nano silicon dioxide and silica fume, and its mass ratio is: 3.6:1.2-2.4:1 . 3. A kind of foam concrete according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described calcareous material selects limestone particle, limestone fine powder, magnesia sol, alumina micropowder, magnesia fine powder and calcium lignosulfonate for use The mixture has a mass ratio of: 30-35:10-18:5-12:10:3-5:1. 4. a kind of foamed concrete according to claim 3 is characterized in that: the mass ratio of described limestone particle, limestone fine powder, magnesia sol, alumina micropowder, magnesia fine powder and calcium lignosulfonate is: 32:15:8:10:4:1. 5. A kind of foam concrete according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mass parts of described accelerator is composed as follows: 15-24 parts of sulfate, 12-24 parts of carbonate, 6-8 parts of calcium oxalate , 16-20 parts of melamine, 10-16 parts of sodium aluminate as a coagulation accelerator modifier, 2-6 parts of calcium sugar as a retarder and 3-5 parts of citric acid. 6. A kind of foamed concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the composite foaming agent is composed of 8% by mass of foam-fixing agent fatty acid methanolamide and 92% by mass of rosin foaming agent. 7. A foam concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the coarse particles larger than 2 mm in the gangue account for less than 5%. 8. A kind of foam concrete according to claim 1, characterized in that: the compensator is an anti-corrosion and anti-rust compensator, and its mass parts are as follows: 3-8 parts of gypsum, 1.2-1.8 parts of monofluorophosphate, 1.2-1.6 parts of cement clinker, 6-8 parts of alum stone. 9. prepare the method for a kind of foamed concrete as described in any one in claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: described preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) Foaming process: In the high-pressure reactor, under the condition that the temperature is lower than 65°C, dissolve the bone glue powder and the composite foaming agent in water to form a solution with a mass concentration of 15%, and use it after forming a mixed solution The pressure foaming machine stirs and foams, and checks that the foam is normal and ready for use; (2) Slurry treatment: Put siliceous material, calcareous material, anti-crack fiber and coal gangue into the concrete mixer, mix well and set aside; (3) Dissolve the early strength agent, coagulant and compensator in water in an autoclave to form a mixture, and the temperature of the autoclave is less than 65°C; (4) Stirring molding maintenance: first mix the slurry mixed in step (2) with the foam in step (1), then add the mixture obtained in step (3), and stir evenly; finally, mix the evenly stirred foam Concrete is delivered to the mold, and the mold can be removed 36 to 48 hours after pouring into the mold. The humidity can be kept above 85%, and it can be used after 3 days of curing.