CN108578719A - Plant pit soil flame disinfection method and sterilizing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for flame disinfection of tree pit soil, which comprises the steps of using an auger with a barrel to rotate and descend to drill into the soil for digging, and the soil is broken, lifted and thrown into the barrel by the rotation of the helical blades of the auger The wall falls, and with the continuous lifting of the auger to the soil, the soil circulates in the barrel; spray flames to the circulating soil in the barrel for disinfection; after the flame disinfection operation is completed, stop spraying flames and lift the auger, During the lifting process, the auger keeps rotating, and the soil is thrown to the wall of the barrel and then falls back to the tree hole; after the soil is backfilled, the tree hole soil disinfection is completed. The invention also discloses a sterilizer for realizing the method. The invention can carry out fixed-point disinfection on the tree planting soil, and can extend into the depth of the tree hole required for tree planting for disinfection.

Description

Flame disinfection method and disinfection machine for tree hole soil

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a method for flame disinfection of tree hole soil and a disinfection machine.

Background technique

Soil-borne diseases have seriously affected many types of trees, such as the survival rate and growth of newly planted fruit trees, resulting in reduced orchard yields, poor fruit quality, and huge economic losses. Before planting fruit trees, soil disinfection in tree holes can effectively solve the above problems. At present, the soil disinfection of tree holes in orchards in my country mostly uses exposure disinfection, that is, the soil in the tree holes is manually dug out, and the soil is sterilized through sunlight exposure; or chemical disinfection is used, that is, artificially mixing chemical agents in the tree hole soil, To achieve the purpose of sterilization and disinfection. However, soil exposure and disinfection is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the disinfection effect is not good; the pesticides left in chemical disinfection will cause secondary pollution to the soil, seriously endangering the health of humans and animals, and the perennial application of pesticides will cause the bacteria to develop drug resistance, resulting in an increase in the amount of pesticides applied year by year , the soil environment continues to deteriorate.

Some solutions to the soil disinfection problem have been proposed in the prior art. For example, the Chinese invention patent "Soil Disinfection and High Temperature Sterilization and Insect Killing Vehicle (Application No. 200710015138.9)" discloses that the high temperature generated by the electric heating device can kill the germs, viruses and pests in the soil at the same time as the soil is rotary cultivated. The Chinese invention patent "A self-propelled self-adjusting seedling bed soil disinfection device and method (application number 20140657805.3)" discloses the use of high-temperature steam to sterilize the seedbed soil that is broken up by the rotary tiller.

However, the above-mentioned technologies are all for disinfection of the whole piece of soil, and the thickness of the soil that can be disinfected by rotary tillage and other methods is relatively thin, which is more suitable for the disinfection of concentrated crop soil with shallow root system and dense planting. For fruit trees, which have long, well-developed root systems and relatively sparse planting at the beginning of planting, due to the deep planting holes, more attention should be paid to the disinfection depth of the soil tree holes of a single fruit tree, and the disinfection site It is also relatively few and relatively easy to determine. If the above-mentioned technology is used on the one hand, it is difficult to touch the soil depth required for fruit tree planting for disinfection, and on the other hand, the cost of disinfecting the entire piece of soil for fruit tree planting is relatively high.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a tree hole soil flame disinfection method and a disinfection machine, which can carry out fixed-point disinfection on the tree planting soil, and can extend into the tree hole depth required for tree planting for disinfection.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the tree pit soil flame disinfection method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

(1) Utilize the auger with a bucket sleeve to rotate and descend to drill into the soil for excavation operations. The soil is broken, lifted and thrown to the wall of the barrel by the rotation of the helical blades of the auger. Continuous lifting, making the soil circulate in the barrel;

(2) spray flame to the soil circulating in the sleeve barrel for disinfection;

(3) After the flame disinfection operation is completed, stop spraying flames and lift the auger. During the lifting process, the auger keeps rotating, and the soil is thrown to the wall of the barrel and then falls back to the tree hole; after the soil backfilling is completed, the soil disinfection of the tree hole is completed.

In the above technical solution, the use of the auger can realize fixed-point excavation operations in the ground, so that on the one hand, it is only necessary to perform accurate excavation operations on the tree holes where the trees are to be planted, without the need to carry out excavation operations on the entire piece of soil, thus enabling Improve the efficiency of disinfection operations, and realize large-scale tree hole disinfection; on the other hand, the auger can go deep into the depth of the tree hole and carry out soil crushing, lifting and circulation, so that deeper soil excavation operations can be realized, which is suitable for Soil disinfection of deep trees planted like fruit trees. Since the continuous circulation of the soil can be achieved through the auger and the barrel, the high-temperature flame can be sprayed to make the soil evenly heated, and the soil in the tree hole can be more fully disinfected. In addition, the flame disinfection operation is carried out in a relatively closed space formed by the barrel , so the disinfection heat is concentrated, the temperature loss is less, the energy utilization rate is high, and the disinfection effect is better. In addition, this technical solution adopts flame disinfection, uses physical disinfection instead of chemical disinfection (such as using disinfectant solution), avoids secondary pollution, is relatively friendly to the environment, and avoids the impact of chemical disinfection on the health of humans and animals. The technical scheme uses flame disinfection, and the disinfection temperature is high, which can effectively prevent soil-borne diseases, improve the soil environment, and increase the survival rate of trees.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme adopted by the tree pit soil flame sterilizer provided by the present invention is:

The tree hole soil flame disinfection machine includes a self-propelled chassis, a digging and broken soil backfill device, a lifting device and a flame disinfection device, and the digging and broken soil backfill device, the lifting device and the flame disinfection device are all directly or indirectly connected to the chassis be connected or installed on the chassis; the excavation broken soil backfill device includes a ground auger and a first driving device, the first driving device is used to drive the auger to rotate, and the lifting device is used for Drive the auger to lift, and the periphery of the auger is provided with a barrel; the flame disinfection device includes a gas source and a flame generating device, both of which are connected through a gas pipeline, and the flame generating device is used to supply the sleeve Jet flames inside.

In the above technical solution, when the soil disinfection operation is performed, the disinfection machine is moved to the place to be operated, and the auger starts to rotate and descend to carry out the soil excavation operation. The soil is crushed and lifted by the rotation of the screw blade of the auger, and thrown to the barrel wall to drop, and with the continuous rotation, crushing and lifting of the auger, the soil circulates in the barrel. After the auger descends to the operating depth, it stops descending but keeps rotating, and starts the flame disinfection device. The flame generating device uses the gas delivered to generate flames to spray the circulating soil in the sleeve to perform flame disinfection operations. After the disinfection operation is completed, turn off the flame disinfection device and lift the auger. During the lifting process, the auger keeps rotating, and the soil is thrown to the wall of the barrel and then falls back to the tree hole; after the soil backfilling, stop the auger to complete the tree hole Soil disinfection. Afterwards, the sterilizer can be moved to the next operating site, and the above process can be repeated for operation.

The disinfection machine uses the auger to realize fixed-point excavation operations, so that on the one hand, it only needs to perform accurate excavation operations on the tree hole where the trees are to be planted, and does not need to carry out excavation operations on the entire piece of soil, thus improving disinfection operations. Efficiency, can realize large-scale tree hole disinfection; on the other hand, the auger can go deep into the depth of the tree hole and carry out the crushing, lifting and circulation of the soil, so as to realize the excavation of deeper soil, which is suitable for planting fruit trees Soil disinfection of deep trees. Since the continuous circulation of the soil can be achieved through the auger and the sleeve, the high-temperature flame injection can make the soil heat more evenly, and realize more sufficient disinfection of the soil in the tree hole. In addition, the flame disinfection is carried out in the relatively closed space formed by the sleeve. Therefore, the disinfection heat is concentrated, the temperature loss is small, the energy utilization rate is high, and the disinfection effect is better. In addition, this sterilizer adopts flame disinfection, uses physical disinfection instead of chemical disinfection (such as using disinfectant solution), avoids secondary pollution, is relatively friendly to the environment, and avoids the impact of chemical disinfection on the health of humans and animals. The technical scheme uses flame disinfection, and the disinfection temperature is high, which can effectively prevent soil-borne diseases, improve the soil environment, and increase the survival rate of trees.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the helical blades on the shaft of the auger include smoothly connected excavation blades and crushed soil circulation blades, and the excavation blades are closer to the ground entry end of the auger, so The pitch and blade radius of the crushed soil circulation blade increase linearly along the direction away from the excavation blade, and the sleeve has a part that cooperates with the crushed soil circulation blade when the auger enters the ground to a specified depth. Since the radius of the crushed soil circulation blade increases linearly, and the sleeve has a matching part with the crushed soil circulation blade, more soil can be contained, crushed and circulated, so that the crushed soil can form greater contact with the flame The area can disinfect more soil, improve the disinfection efficiency and disinfection effect, and even a large tree hole will have a good disinfection effect.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the soil excavation blade has a fixed pitch and a fixed radius, and the pitch and blade radius of the crushed soil circulation blade increase linearly along the direction away from the soil excavation blade; the crushed soil circulation blade Minimum diameter Equal to the diameter D _d of the soil excavation blade, the minimum pitch of the soil circulation blade Equal to the pitch P _d of the earth-digging blade. Through this design, on the one hand, the efficiency of the soil circulation flow disinfection operation is greatly improved, and on the other hand, the relatively smooth connection between the crushed soil circulation blade and the excavation blade is effectively realized to ensure the smoothness of the soil flow. In addition, due to the gradual increase of the radius of the crushed soil circulation blade, the crushed soil and the flame form a larger contact area, which improves the effect of disinfection operations and improves the efficiency of disinfection operations.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the crushing soil circulation blade is provided with a crushing blade to further improve the crushing effect on the soil.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the blade curve of the soil breaking blade satisfies:

When D _d ≤ 300mm,

When 300mm#D _d 480mm,

When D _d ≥ 480mm,

Among them, D _d is the diameter of the excavating blade, e=2.72; the blade curve is located in a plane parallel to the axis of the auger shaft, and in the plane, the y-axis is parallel to the axis of the auger shaft, and the y-axis is positive Depart from the direction of the auger entering the ground, take the intersection point of the y-axis and the upper surface of the crushed soil circulation blade as the origin of the coordinates, and the y-axis takes the origin of the coordinates as the center of rotation, looking from the plane to the auger axis, the y-axis rotates 90 clockwise The x-axis is formed after the degree, and the starting point of the blade curve is the coordinate origin; the starting point and the end point of the blade curve are located on the upper surface of the crushed soil circulation blade, and the blade is stretched along a direction perpendicular to the plane and away from the auger axis The curved surface formed by the curve intersects with the upper surface of the crushed soil circulation blade to form an intersecting line, and the closed curved surface formed by the intersecting line and the curved surface is a crushed soil blade; respectively passing through the two boundaries of the non-intersecting line of the curved surface The two planes that are curved and parallel to the axis of the auger shaft form an intersection line after cutting with the upper surface of the broken soil circulation blade, and the intersection line and the boundary curve form the broken soil blade surface, and the intersection line and the The intersecting lines form a closed curved surface, and the closed curved surface, the soil-crushing blade and the soil-crushing blade surface form a soil-crushing blade. The blade curve design of the soil crushing blade effectively improves the soil crushing rate, fully burns the soil, and significantly improves the disinfection effect. The flaky design of the soil crushing blade avoids the obstruction of the soil flow by the soil crushing blade.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the crushing soil blades are arranged in 3 groups on the helical surface of the crushing soil circulation blade, and each group is composed of 2 crushing soil blades; Soil blades, in each group of soil-breaking blades, the straight line where the line connecting the starting points of the blade curves of the two soil-breaking blades passes through the axis of the auger shaft; The distance from the point of the axis of the auger shaft to the axis of the auger shaft is L; the distance from the starting point of the blade curve of the soil-breaking blade far away from the auger shaft in each group of soil-breaking blades to the axis of the auger shaft is 0.95L, close to the auger The distance from the starting point of the blade curve of the shaft to the axis of the auger shaft is 0.65L; the angle between the two adjacent groups of crushing blades is 45°; along the auger shaft, look from the crushing circulation blade to the digging blade , the included angle between the surface of the soil-breaking blades of all the soil-breaking blades and the straight line is 65°. The layout design of the above-mentioned soil crushing blade group realizes the sufficient and efficient crushing of the soil in the tree hole, and improves the operation efficiency and disinfection effect.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the auger barrel includes an outer barrel and an inner barrel, the axis of the outer barrel coincides with the axis of the auger shaft and the radius is the maximum radius of the inner barrel, and the inner barrel has the same The axis of the shaft of the auger coincides and the radius gradually becomes thinner along the direction of the auger entering the ground, and the thinning trend of the inner barrel matches the decreasing trend of the crushed soil circulation blade. The thick end of the inner barrel Slidingly fit with the inner wall of the outer casing, and the sliding direction is consistent with the direction of the auger axis. When the disinfection operation is not being performed, the inner sleeve barrel can be allowed to enter the outer sleeve barrel as much as possible by sliding to reduce space occupation, and at the same time, the inner sleeve bucket can be lifted from the ground to facilitate the movement of the sterilizer. During the disinfection operation, the inner barrel can be positioned to a proper position through the sliding of the inner and outer barrels, so that when the auger enters the ground and reaches the specified operating depth, its crushed soil circulation blade can just meet the lower part of the inner barrel Cooperate with each other, so as to better ensure the effect of the auger on the circulation of the soil and the effect of disinfection operations. The above-mentioned design of the barrel and the auger makes the soil flow space formed after the auger is lifted up during backfilling, and it is easy to realize that the soil is thrown to the wall of the barrel and then falls, which is conducive to backfilling the soil to the tree hole after disinfection. Since the radius of the lower part of the inner barrel gradually decreases along the direction of the auger entering the ground, in addition to being able to cooperate with the crushed soil circulation blade, it is also conducive to the collection of soil during the soil backfill process and improves the backfill effect. In addition, the sliding of the inner barrel relative to the outer barrel can also position the inner barrel to a proper position, so that under different terrain conditions, the bottom edge of the inner barrel can touch the ground to prevent soil overflow during operation.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the bottom edge of the inner barrel with a smaller radius is provided with a serrated structure. During the disinfection process, since the bottom edge of the inner barrel with a small radius touches or sinks into the soil after positioning, the jagged structure of this edge is conducive to maintaining the stability of the inner barrel and the outer barrel on the one hand and improving the disinfection effect. The side serrations are easy to insert into the soil and prevent the soil from overflowing during the rotation of the auger. In addition, through the sliding of the inner and outer barrels, the serrated edges of the inner barrel can contact or be inserted into the ground under different terrains, so as to prevent the soil from overflowing during the rotation of the auger.

As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the flame disinfection device includes several flame spray guns, and the flame spray guns are arranged on the upper end of the barrel along the circumferential direction; The included angle is 58°; the distance from the projection of the nozzle axis in the radial section of the auger shaft to the axis of the auger shaft is 0.85D _d , where D _d is the diameter of the excavating blade. This design makes the flame spray gun have a good injection position and angle, so that the sprayed flame can fully contact the flowing soil, so that the soil is heated more evenly and the disinfection effect is better.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the auger in the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the soil breaking blades in the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the blade curve of the soil breaking blade in the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the flame disinfection device in the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of flame spray guns in the radial section of the auger shaft in the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement angle of flame spray guns in the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a state transition diagram of the auger in the second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the backfill state in the second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Self-propelled chassis; 2. Support rod; 3. Lower support frame; 4. Lifting handwheel; 5. Worm gear reducer; 6. Lower sprocket; 7. Upper support frame; 8. Chain; 9, upper sprocket; 10, diesel engine; 11, reducer; 12, lifting frame; 13, lifting guide rail; 14, outer barrel; 15, inner barrel; 16, auger; 161, auger shaft; 162, broken Soil circulation blade; 163, excavation blade; 164, positioning drill tip; 17, natural gas tank; 18, oxygen tank; 19, oxygen gas pipeline; 20, natural gas gas pipeline; 21, natural gas flow control valve; 22, oxygen flow control Valve; 23. Gas mixing chamber; 24. Natural gas pressure gauge; 25. Oxygen pressure gauge; 26. Mixed gas gas pipeline; 27. Flame spray gun; 28. Electronic igniter; The dividing line between the excavating blade and the circulating blade of broken soil; 32, the speed control handle; 33, the auger tachometer.

Detailed ways

In a specific embodiment, the tree pit soil flame disinfection method provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

(1) Use the auger with a barrel to rotate and descend to drill into the soil for excavation operations. The soil is broken, lifted and thrown to the wall of the barrel by the rotation of the helical blade of the auger. The continuous improvement makes the soil circulate in the barrel;

(2) spray flame to the soil circulating in the sleeve barrel for disinfection;

(3) After the flame disinfection operation is completed, stop spraying flames and lift the auger. During the lifting process, the auger keeps rotating, and the soil is thrown to the wall of the barrel and then falls back to the tree hole; after the soil backfilling is completed, the soil disinfection of the tree hole is completed.

As shown in Figure 1, taking fruit trees as an example, in the first embodiment, the tree hole soil flame disinfection machine provided by the present invention includes a self-propelled chassis 1, a digging and broken soil backfill device, a lifting device and a flame disinfection device . Wherein, the self-propelled chassis 1 is a crawler-type design, with stable walking and good obstacle-surmounting ability, and the movement of the disinfection machine is realized by the self-propelled chassis 1 . The excavating crushed soil backfilling device, lifting device and flame disinfection device are directly or indirectly connected to or installed on the self-propelled chassis 1; referring to Figure 2, the digging crushed soil backfilling device includes the ground auger And the first drive device, the auger 16 includes the auger shaft 161 and the helical blades arranged on the shaft, the first drive device is used to drive the auger 16 to rotate, the auger 16 is peripherally provided with a cylindrical sleeve around the auger, lifting The device is used to drive the auger 16 to lift. The flame disinfection device includes a gas source and a flame generating device, both of which are connected through a gas pipeline, and the flame generating device is used for spraying flames into the sleeve.

In order to facilitate the installation of the excavated broken soil backfill device, lifting device and flame disinfection device, a suitable frame is provided in this embodiment. The frame includes a plurality of support rods 2 vertically fixed on the self-propelled chassis 1, and the support rods 2 are jointly fixed with a horizontal upper support frame 7 and a lower support frame 3. Lifting device comprises lifting guide rail 13, lifting frame 12 and worm gear reducer 5, and lifting guide rail 13 can be provided with multiple (3 in the present embodiment), and it is fixedly connected with upper supporting frame 7 and lower supporting frame 3 up and down respectively, The lifting frame 12 is connected to the three lifting guide rails 13, and can slide axially relative to the lifting guide rails 13, that is, slide up and down along the lifting guide rails 13. The worm gear reducer 5 is fixed on the lower support frame 3, the input shaft is connected with the lifting handwheel 4, the output shaft is connected with the lower sprocket 6, and the upper sprocket 9, the upper sprocket 9 and the lower sprocket are also arranged on the support frame 6 is connected by chain 8, and chain 8 is also connected with lifting frame 12. The chain 8 can be rotated by turning the lifting handwheel 4, and then the lifting frame 12 is driven to move up and down along the lifting guide rail 13.

In this embodiment, the first driving device is a diesel engine 10 or other suitable devices. Diesel engine 10 is fixed on lifting frame 12, and diesel engine 10 is connected with auger tachometer 33, and lower support frame 3 is connected with speed-regulating handle 32, controls auger 16 rotating speeds by speed-regulating handle 32 and auger tachometer 33. Lifting frame 12 is also provided with speed reducer 11, and the output shaft of speed reducer 11 is connected with diesel engine 10, reduces output speed, is convenient to the rotation of auger.

The gas source of flame disinfection device can adopt natural gas tank 17 and oxygen tank 18, and both are all arranged on the self-propelled chassis 1. The gas pipeline comprises a natural gas pipeline 20, an oxygen pipeline 19 and a mixed gas pipeline 26. The ends of the natural gas pipeline 20 and the oxygen pipeline 19 are connected with a natural gas pressure gauge 24 and an oxygen pressure gauge 25 respectively. A natural gas flow control valve 21 and an oxygen flow control valve 22 are provided. The flame generating device comprises an air mixing chamber 23, a flame spray gun group and an electronic igniter 28, wherein the flame spray gun group is composed of 6 flame spray guns 27, and the flame spray guns 27 are evenly distributed on the sleeve upper end along the circumferential direction; the nozzles of the flame spray guns 27 are cylindrical , the angle between the nozzle axis and the radial section of the auger shaft 161 is 58°. The electronic igniter 28 is arranged beside the flame spray gun 27 . During operation, natural gas and oxygen are under pressure respectively along the natural gas delivery pipe 20 and the oxygen delivery pipe 19 to the gas mixing chamber 23 through the flow control valve to form a mixed gas, which is transported to the flame spray gun 27 through the mixed gas delivery pipe 26, The electronic igniter 28 ignites, the mixed gas is fully burned, and a high-temperature flame is sprayed. The structure of the flame disinfection device can refer to Fig. 5 in the second embodiment, the arrangement of the flame spray gun 27 in the radial section of the auger shaft 161 can refer to Fig. 6 in the second embodiment, and the arrangement angle of the flame spray gun 27 can refer to Figure 7 in the second embodiment.

When using the sterilizer to carry out soil disinfection operations, the sterilizer is moved to the place to be operated, the auger is perpendicular to the ground, the diesel engine 10 is started to drive the auger 16 to start rotating, and then the lifting handwheel 4 on the worm gear reducer 11 is shaken to make it go up and down. Frame 12 descends, and then drives auger to descend, carries out excavation operation. In this embodiment, the auger 16 has a positioning drill tip 164 (that is, the end of the auger entering the ground), which can accurately locate the digging point. The soil is crushed and lifted by the rotation and descent of the helical blades of the auger 16. During the lifting process, the soil is continuously crushed by the blades of the auger 16 and thrown to the barrel wall to fall. With the continuous rotation, crushing and lifting of the auger 16, the soil Circulate in the barrel. Auger 16 stops descending but keeps rotating after descending to operating depth. The speed of the auger is controlled by the speed control handle 32 and the tachometer 33 of the auger, so that the speed of the auger 16 is maintained at 150-200 rpm. Then slightly open the natural gas flow control valve to make a small amount of natural gas overflow from the flame spray gun 27, then trigger the electronic igniter switch, and the electronic igniter 28 placed next to the flame spray gun 27 releases electric sparks to ignite the overflowed natural gas, and the natural gas starts to be gentle and stable. combustion. Slowly adjust the opening degrees of the natural gas flow control valve 21 and the oxygen flow control valve 22, so that the natural gas and oxygen are mixed and fully burned, and the flame sprayed by the flame spray gun 27 becomes larger. Flame spray gun 27 continues to spray flame to the soil that is smashed out, realizes the flame cycle disinfection of tree hole soil. The position and angle of the flame spray gun 27 are convenient for the sprayed flame to more fully contact the flowing soil, so that the soil is heated more evenly and the disinfection effect is better. After the disinfection operation is completed, the natural gas flow control valve 21 is closed, and after the flame is extinguished, the oxygen flow control valve 22 is closed. Shake the lifting hand wheel 4 on the worm gear reducer 11 to lift the auger 16, and the auger 16 keeps rotating at 150-200rpm during the lifting process, and the soil falls back to the tree hole after being thrown to the wall of the barrel. After the soil backfill finishes, close the diesel engine 10 to make the auger 16 stall, and complete the tree hole soil disinfection. Afterwards, the machine can be moved to the next job site, and the above process can be repeated for operation.

The disinfection machine uses the auger to realize fixed-point excavation operations, so that on the one hand, it only needs to perform accurate excavation operations on the tree hole where the trees are to be planted, and does not need to carry out excavation operations on the entire piece of soil, thus improving disinfection operations. Efficiency, can realize large-scale tree hole disinfection; on the other hand, the auger can go deep into the depth of the tree hole and carry out the crushing, lifting and circulation of the soil, so as to realize the excavation of deeper soil, which is suitable for planting fruit trees Soil disinfection of deep trees. Since the continuous circulation of the soil can be realized through the auger 16 and the sleeve barrel, the injection of high-temperature flames can make the soil heat more evenly, and realize more sufficient disinfection of the tree hole soil. In addition, the flame is carried out in the relatively closed space formed by the sleeve sleeve. Disinfection operation, so the disinfection heat is concentrated, the temperature loss is less, the energy utilization rate is high, and the disinfection effect is better. In addition, this sterilizer adopts flame disinfection, uses physical disinfection instead of chemical disinfection (such as using disinfectant solution), avoids secondary pollution, is relatively friendly to the environment, and avoids the impact of chemical disinfection on the health of humans and animals. This sterilizer uses flame to sterilize, and the sterilizing temperature is high, which can effectively prevent soil-borne diseases, improve the soil environment, and increase the survival rate of trees.

Furthermore, the barrel can be designed to be larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, and the minimum radius is not less than the radius of the auger blade, which is beneficial to the collection of soil during the soil backfill process and improves the backfill effect.

Fig. 2 to Fig. 9 have shown the second kind of embodiment of the present invention, and it is on the basis of the first embodiment, and the helical blade on the auger shaft 161 comprises the excavation blade 163 and the crushed soil circulation blade of smooth connection 162, and the excavation blade 163 is closer to the end of the auger 16, that is, the excavation blade 163 is located at the bottom of the auger shaft 161, and the broken soil circulation blade 162 is located at the top of the auger shaft 161. Digging blade 163 is a fixed pitch and a fixed radius design, and its blade radius equals the radius of digging pit, and the tree hole soil is broken and promoted by digging blade 163. The pitch of the crushed soil circulation blade 162 and the blade radius increase linearly along the direction away from the excavation blade 163, that is, the crushed soil circulation blade 162 is designed with variable pitch and radius.

In this embodiment, the helical blades are double-helical in design, that is, two crushing soil circulation blades 162 and two soil excavation blades 163 are designed. The screw pitch of the crushed soil circulation blade 162 and the blade radius increase linearly along the direction away from the excavation blade 163, and the minimum diameter of the crushed soil circulation blade 162 is equal to the diameter D _d of the digging blade 163, the largest diameter Equal to 1.5D _d ; the minimum pitch of the crushed soil circulation blade 162 equal to the pitch P _d of the earth-digging blade 163, the maximum pitch It is equal to 1.67P _d , and the number of turns of the crushed soil circulation blade 162 is 1 turn. Looking towards the earth digging blade 163 from the crushed soil circulation blade 162, the crushed soil circulation blade 162 helical surface away from the positioning drill point 164 is the upper helical surface of the crushed soil circulation blade 162, and the soil digging blade 163 helical surface away from the positioning drill point 164 is The upper helical surface of the soil digging blade 163, the helical surface boundary line near the positioning drill point 164 on the crushed soil circulation blade 162 coincides with the helical surface boundary line of the upper helical surface of the excavating soil blade 163 away from the positioning drill point 164, and the two blades are welded Smooth transition, as shown in FIG. 2 , which shows the boundary line 31 between the excavating blade 163 and the crushed soil circulation blade 162 .

As shown in FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 , in this embodiment, the distance from the projection of the axis of the spray head in the radial section of the auger shaft 161 to the axis of the auger shaft 161 is 0.85D _d . Wherein, D _d is the diameter of the excavating blade 163 . In this embodiment, D _d =460 mm, therefore, the distance from the projection of the nozzle axis in the radial section of the auger shaft 161 to the axis of the auger shaft 161 is 0.85D _d =390 mm.

Further, as shown in Fig. 3, the broken soil circulation blade 162 is provided with a broken soil blade 29, and the blade curve of the broken soil blade 29 satisfies:

When D _d ≤ 300mm,

When 300mm≤D _d ≤480mm,

When D _d ≥ 480mm,

Wherein, D _d is the diameter of the excavating blade 163, e=2.72; the blade curve is located in a plane parallel to the axis of the auger shaft 161, and in the plane, the y-axis is parallel to the axis of the auger shaft 161, and the y-axis deviates from When the auger 16 enters the ground, take the intersection point of the y-axis and the upper surface of the crushed soil circulation blade 162 as the coordinate origin, and the y-axis takes the coordinate origin as the rotation center. Looking at the auger shaft 161 from the plane, the y-axis rotates 90 degrees clockwise The x-axis is formed, and the starting point of the blade curve is the coordinate origin, as shown in Figure 4. The starting point and the end point of the blade curve are all located on the upper surface of the crushed soil circulation blade 162, and the curved surface formed by stretching the blade curve along the direction perpendicular to the plane and away from the auger shaft 161 intersects with the crushed soil circulation blade 162 upper surface to form a phase. Intersecting line, the closed curved surface formed by intersecting line and curved surface is the broken soil blade, and the thickness of broken soil blade is 2mm in the present embodiment; Pass two boundary curves of curved surface non-intersecting line and parallel to the two curves of auger shaft 161 axes respectively. Plane, cuts with the upper surface of broken soil circulation blade 162 to form the intersection line, the intersection line and the boundary curve form the broken soil blade surface, the intersection line and the intersecting line enclose a closed curved surface, the closed curved surface, the broken soil blade and the broken soil blade The soil blade face forms the broken soil blade 29, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 . The blade curve design of the soil breaking blade 29 can effectively improve the soil crushing rate, fully burn the soil, and significantly improve the disinfection effect. The flake design of broken soil blade 29 has avoided the hindrance of broken soil blade 29 to soil flow.

Further, the broken soil blade 29 is arranged in 3 groups on the spiral surface on each broken soil circulation blade 162, and each group is made up of 2 broken soil blades 29; 163, in each group of soil-breaking blades 29, the straight line where the starting points of the blade curves of the two soil-breaking blades 29 pass through the axis of the auger shaft 161, and the intersection of the straight line and the helical line of the upper helicoid is far away from the auger shaft 161 The distance from the point of the axis to the axis of the auger shaft 161 is L; the distance from the starting point of the blade curve of the soil-breaking blade 29 far away from the auger shaft 161 in each group of soil-breaking blades 29 to the axis of the auger shaft 161 is 0.95L, close to The distance from the starting point of the blade curve of the auger shaft 161 to the axis of the auger shaft 161 is 0.65L; 161 is the axis of rotation, and the projection of the helicoid on the upper surface of each broken soil circulation blade 162 away from the helicoid boundary line of the positioning drill point 164 clockwise by 15° on the same broken soil circulation blade 162 upper surface is the first positioning straight line The projection of the two straight lines generated on the upper surface of the same crushed soil circulation blade 162 on the same crushed soil circulation blade 162 is the second. , 3 positioning straight lines, the starting point of the blade curve of each group of broken soil blades is located on the positioning straight line; along the auger shaft 161, from the broken soil circulation blade 162 to the digging blade 163, the broken soil blade surfaces of all broken soil blades 29 The angle with the straight line is 65°.

Correspondingly, in this embodiment, the sleeve has a part that cooperates with the crushed soil circulation blade 162 when the auger 16 enters the ground to a specified depth. In this embodiment, the sleeve includes an outer sleeve 14 and an inner sleeve 15 . Outer sleeve 14 is cylindrical, is connected with support bar 2 and is fixed, offers chute on its inner wall. The upper part of the inner barrel 15 is cylindrical, and the lower part is conical. And the thinning trend of the frustum-shaped portion at the bottom of the inner sleeve 15 is consistent with the decreasing trend of the radius of the crushed soil circulation blade 162 . The thick end of the inner barrel 15 is provided with a slide bar, which cooperates with the chute of the outer barrel 14, so that the inner barrel 15 can slide and locate relative to the axial direction of the outer barrel 14. Through the sliding and positioning of the inner barrel 15 relative to the outer barrel 14, the inner barrel 15 can enter the outer barrel 14 to facilitate the movement of the sterilizer, and when the auger 16 enters the ground to a specified depth, it can cooperate with the inner barrel. The sawtooth structure that the bottom edge of bucket 15 radius is less is provided with, prevents soil from overflowing in the rotation process of auger 16.

In this embodiment, the flame spray guns are evenly distributed on the upper end of the outer sleeve 14 along the circumferential direction, and its arrangement is the same as that of the first embodiment, that is, the upper end of the outer sleeve 14 for arranging the flame spray guns is equivalent to the upper end of the outer sleeve 14 in the first embodiment. Arrange the upper end of the flame gun. The structure of the flame disinfection device is shown in Figure 5, the arrangement of the flame spray guns in the radial section of the auger shaft 161 is shown in Figure 6, and the arrangement angle of the flame spray guns is shown in Figure 7.

In this embodiment, after the sterilizer is moved to the place to be operated, before the operation starts, the auger 16, the outer barrel 14, and the inner barrel 15 are in a non-working state, as shown in the right figure of Figure 8, the inner barrel 15 is partially Or all are located in the outer sleeve 14. Before the auger 16 rotates, operate the slide bar to slide the inner sleeve barrel 15 and locate it to a suitable position, the bottom edge of the inner sleeve barrel 15 with a smaller radius contacts or sinks into the ground 7, and then starts the diesel engine 10 to drive the winch with the first embodiment. The dragon 16 starts to rotate, then shakes the lifting hand wheel 4 on the worm gear reducer 11 to make the lifting frame 12 descend, and then drives the auger to descend to carry out excavation operations. The auger 16 has a positioning drill tip 164 (ie, the end of the auger entering the ground), which can accurately locate the excavation site. The soil is crushed and lifted by the rotation and descent of the blades of the auger 16. During the lifting process, the soil is continuously crushed by the blades of the auger 16 and thrown to the barrel wall to fall. With the continuous rotation, crushing and lifting of the auger 16, the soil is The outer barrel 14 and the inner sleeve 15 circulate in the space formed together. Auger 16 stops descending but keeps rotating after descending to operating depth, and this moment, inner sleeve barrel 15 cooperates with crushed soil circulation blade 162, as shown in Figure 8 left figure, then sterilizes with first kind of embodiment jet flame. The soil is crushed and lifted by the excavation blade 163 on the one hand, and the lifted soil is crushed and thrown out by the crushed soil circulation blade 162 on the other hand, and falls to the bottom of the inner barrel 15 under the action of gravity, and is again crushed by the crushed soil circulation blade 162. promote. Reciprocating in this way realizes the crushing and circulation of the soil, so that the soil can be evenly heated to achieve disinfection. After disinfection is finished, close flame disinfection device and promote auger 16, auger 16 keeps rotating in the lifting process, and soil falls backfill to tree hole after being thrown to interior and exterior barrel 14 walls. During the soil backfill operation, a space is formed between the lifted auger 16 and the inner barrel 15 and the outer barrel 14. Under the centrifugal action generated by the rotation of the auger 16, it is beneficial to realize the throwing, falling, and collection of the soil, and finally achieve Soil backfill. After the soil backfill is completed, the auger 16 is stopped and the inner barrel 15 is packed up, as shown in Figure 9 .

In this embodiment, due to the gradual increase of the crushed soil circulation blade 162 and the cooperation of the inner sleeve 15 with the crushed soil circulation blade 162, more soil can be accommodated, crushed and driven, so that the crushed soil and the flame form Larger contact area, and make soil can fall to the bottom of inner sleeve barrel 15 and then better be lifted by crushed soil circulation vane 162 to carry out circulation flow, thereby can disinfect more soil, even bigger tree hole just It has good disinfection effect. When the disinfection operation is not carried out, the inner sleeve barrel 15 can be allowed to enter the outer sleeve barrel 14 as much as possible by sliding to reduce space occupation, and the inner sleeve barrel 15 is off the ground to facilitate the movement of the sterilizer. Since the radius of the inner barrel 15 gradually decreases along the direction of the auger 16 entering the ground, in addition to being able to cooperate with the crushed soil circulation blade 162, it is also conducive to the collection of soil during the soil backfill process and improves the backfill effect. In addition, the sliding of the inner barrel 15 relative to the outer barrel 14 can also enable the bottom edge of the inner barrel 15 to touch the ground under different terrains, preventing the soil from overflowing during the rotation of the auger 16 . The positioning of the chute and the slide bar can be in a suitable form, for example, grooves of different heights can be further designed on the chute to clamp the slide bar.

Further, the bottom edge of the inner barrel 15 with a smaller radius is provided with a serrated structure. Because the lower bottom edge of the inner sleeve barrel 15 contacts or sinks into the soil after the positioning of the inner sleeve bucket 15, the jagged structure of this side helps to keep the stability of the inner sleeve bucket 15 and the outer sleeve bucket 14 on the one hand, and improves the disinfection effect. The shape is convenient for inserting into the soil, preventing the soil from overflowing during the rotation of the auger 16.

The present invention has been further described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. Make various changes.

Claims (10)

1. The flame disinfection method for tree hole soil comprises the following steps: (1) Utilize the auger with a bucket sleeve to rotate and descend to drill into the soil for excavation operations. The soil is broken, lifted and thrown to the wall of the barrel by the rotation of the helical blades of the auger. Continuous lifting, making the soil circulate in the barrel; (2) spray flame to the soil circulating in the sleeve barrel for disinfection; (3) After the flame disinfection operation is completed, stop spraying flames and lift the auger. During the lifting process, the auger keeps rotating, and the soil is thrown to the wall of the barrel and then falls back to the tree hole; after the soil backfilling is completed, the soil disinfection of the tree hole is completed. 2. Tree hole soil flame disinfection machine is characterized in that: it comprises a self-propelled chassis, a digging broken soil backfill device, a lifting device and a flame disinfection device, and the described digging broken soil backfill device, lifting device and flame disinfection device are all directly Or indirectly connected with the chassis or installed on the chassis; the digging broken soil backfill device includes a ground auger and a first driving device, the first driving device is used to drive the auger to rotate, The lifting device is used to drive the auger to lift, and the auger is provided with a sleeve barrel; the flame disinfection device includes a gas source and a flame generating device, both of which are connected by a gas pipeline, and the flame generating device uses A flame is injected into the sleeve. 3. The tree pit soil flame sterilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the helical blade on the shaft of the auger comprises a smoothly connected digging blade and a crushed soil circulation blade, and the digging blade is more Close to the ground entry end of the auger, the pitch and blade radius of the crushed soil circulation blade gradually increase along the direction away from the excavation blade, and the barrel has a The matching part of the crushed soil circulation blade. 4. The flame sterilizer for tree hole soil according to claim 3, characterized in that: said excavating blade has a fixed pitch and a fixed radius, and the pitch and blade radius of said crushed soil circulation blade are along the direction away from said excavating blade Linear increase; the minimum diameter of the crushed soil circulation blade Equal to the diameter D _d of the soil excavation blade, the minimum pitch of the soil circulation blade Equal to the pitch P _d of the earth-digging blade. 5. The tree pit soil flame sterilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the soil crushing circulation blade is provided with a soil crushing blade. 6. The tree hole soil flame sterilizer according to claim 5, characterized in that: the blade curve of the soil-breaking blade satisfies: When D _d ≤ 300mm, x≥0; When 300mm#D _d 480mm, x≥0; When D _d ≥ 480mm, x≥0; Among them, D _d is the diameter of the excavating blade, e=2.72; the blade curve is located in a plane parallel to the axis of the auger shaft, and in the plane, the y-axis is parallel to the axis of the auger shaft, and the y-axis is positive Depart from the direction of the auger entering the ground, take the intersection point of the y-axis and the upper surface of the crushed soil circulation blade as the origin of the coordinates, and the y-axis takes the origin of the coordinates as the center of rotation, looking from the plane to the auger axis, the y-axis rotates 90 clockwise The x-axis is formed after the degree, and the starting point of the blade curve is the coordinate origin; the starting point and the end point of the blade curve are located on the upper surface of the crushed soil circulation blade, and the blade is stretched along a direction perpendicular to the plane and away from the auger axis The curved surface formed by the curve intersects with the upper surface of the crushed soil circulation blade to form an intersecting line, and the closed curved surface formed by the intersecting line and the curved surface is a crushed soil blade; respectively passing through the two boundaries of the non-intersecting line of the curved surface The two planes that are curved and parallel to the axis of the auger shaft form an intersection line after cutting with the upper surface of the broken soil circulation blade, and the intersection line and the boundary curve form the broken soil blade surface, and the intersection line and the The intersecting lines form a closed curved surface, and the closed curved surface, the soil-crushing blade and the soil-crushing blade surface form a soil-crushing blade. 7. The tree pit soil flame sterilizer according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: the soil crushing blades are arranged in 3 groups on the helical surface of the soil crushing circulation blade, and each group is composed of 2 soil crushing blades; Along the auger shaft, looking from the crushing soil circulation blade to the digging blade, in each group of crushing soil blades, the straight line where the starting points of the blade curves of the two crushing soil blades pass the axis of the auger shaft; The distance from the point far away from the axis of the auger shaft to the axis of the auger shaft in the intersection of the helical surface boundary helix on the soil circulation blade is L; The distance from the axis of the auger shaft is 0.95L, and the distance from the starting point of the blade curve near the auger shaft to the axis of the auger shaft is 0.65L; the angle between the two adjacent groups of crushing blades is 45°; The dragon shaft looks towards the soil excavation blade from the crushed soil circulation blade, and the angle between the crushed soil blade faces of all the crushed soil blades and the straight line is 65°. 8. The tree hole soil flame sterilizer according to any one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that: the auger barrel includes an outer barrel and an inner barrel, and the inner barrel has an auger shaft. The axis coincides and the radius gradually becomes thinner along the auger entry direction, and the thinning trend of the inner sleeve matches the reduction trend of the crushed soil circulation blade, and the thick end of the inner sleeve is in contact with the outer sleeve The inner wall of the barrel is slidingly fitted, and the sliding direction is consistent with the direction of the auger shaft. 9. The tree pit soil flame sterilizer according to claim 8, characterized in that: the bottom edge of the inner sleeve with a smaller radius is provided with a sawtooth structure. 10. The tree hole soil flame sterilizer according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: the flame sterilizer includes several flame spray guns, and the flame spray guns are circumferentially arranged at the upper end of the sleeve; The nozzle of the spray gun is cylindrical, and the angle between the axis of the nozzle and the radial section of the auger shaft is 58°; the distance from the projection of the axis of the nozzle in the radial section of the auger shaft to the axis of the auger shaft is 0.85D _d , D _d is the diameter of the digging blade.