CN108571316B - Method and device for correcting logging depth without cable - Google Patents
Method and device for correcting logging depth without cable Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种无缆测井深度校正方法及装置,该方法包括:利用相关系数法将固井测井的磁定位曲线与实际套管接箍深度进行对比,获得固井测井深度校正量;根据固井测井深度校正量,对固井测井的磁定位曲线和固井测井GR相关曲线进行校正,获得校正后的固井测井GR深度;将裸眼测井GR深度与所述校正后的固井测井GR深度进行深度校正,确定裸眼GR测井深度校正量;根据裸眼GR测井深度校正量,对裸眼测井的GR深度和裸眼测井的相关曲线进行校正。解决了现有技术中对大斜度井或水平井无缆测井的深度校正难和校正误差大的问题。
The invention discloses a cableless logging depth correction method and device. The method includes: comparing the cementing logging magnetic positioning curve with the actual casing collar depth by using the correlation coefficient method to obtain the cementing logging depth correction According to the correction value of the cementing logging depth, the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging and the GR correlation curve of the cementing logging are corrected to obtain the corrected GR depth of the cementing logging; Depth correction is performed on the corrected cementing logging GR depth to determine the correction amount of open-hole GR logging depth; according to the correction amount of open-hole GR logging depth, the GR depth of open-hole logging and the correlation curve of open-hole logging are corrected. The problem of difficult depth correction and large correction errors in cableless logging of highly deviated wells or horizontal wells in the prior art is solved.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及石油测井技术领域,特别是涉及一种基于套管接箍的无缆测井深度校正方法及装置。The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum logging, in particular to a cableless logging depth correction method and device based on casing collars.
背景技术Background technique
在石油勘探领域中,对于直井或井斜小于40度的井,普通电缆测井可以完成施工任务。即运用自然伽马曲线(GR)作为深度控制曲线,并且每次测量都测一条GR曲线,并以某次测量的GR曲线的深度为基准,把各次测量的曲线深度对齐,不同次测量曲线间的深度错动量只要将各次测的自然伽马曲线进行对比就能确定,这也是后期工程工艺和地质研究往往将深度归一到自燃伽马上的原因。所以,普通电缆测井情况下,深度校正采用将固井测井曲线与裸眼测井的GR曲线深度一致即可。In the field of petroleum exploration, for straight wells or wells with a deviation of less than 40 degrees, ordinary wireline logging can complete the construction tasks. That is, use the natural gamma curve (GR) as the depth control curve, and measure a GR curve for each measurement, and use the depth of the GR curve of a certain measurement as the benchmark to align the depth of the curves of each measurement, different measurement curves The amount of depth shift between them can be determined only by comparing the natural gamma curves of each measurement, which is why later engineering technology and geological research often normalize the depth to the spontaneous gamma. Therefore, in the case of ordinary wireline logging, the depth correction can be done by matching the depth of the cementing logging curve with the GR curve of the open hole logging.
随着石油勘探开发的不断深入,水平井或者大斜度井等复杂井不断增多,测井难度也不断增大。对于大斜度井则需要钻具输送测井,主要是靠钻具提供动力,由钻杆一次一柱进行整个井段测量,由于钻井深度系统与测井深度系统间的误差较大,通常不能满足行业标准:对套管误差在(±1‰)内,同一口井各曲线之间深度误差在0.25m内。固井电缆测井一般可在大斜度井进行,此时深度校正是将裸眼井的钻具输送测井曲线与固井电缆测井GR曲线深度一致即可。With the deepening of petroleum exploration and development, the number of complex wells such as horizontal wells or highly deviated wells is increasing, and the difficulty of logging is also increasing. For highly deviated wells, drilling tool delivery logging is required, which is mainly powered by drilling tools, and the entire well section is measured by the drill pipe one string at a time. Due to the large error between the drilling depth system and the logging depth system, it is usually not possible Meet the industry standard: the error of the casing is within (±1‰), and the depth error between the curves of the same well is within 0.25m. Cementing wireline logging can generally be carried out in highly deviated wells. At this time, the depth correction is to make the drilling tool delivery logging curve of the open hole consistent with the depth of the cementing wireline logging GR curve.
但是,当井斜超过一定斜度或者是水平井,尤其是“上翘”水平井,通常会出现裸眼测井及固井测井均为钻具输送测井。无电缆测井技术虽然在复杂井测井领域中能弥补常规测井技术的不足,但是再采用传统的深度校正方法显然是不合适的,因为裸眼测井及固井测井的测井深度都不准确。而深度不准确,会影响射孔—压裂效果,甚至发生工程事故。因此,为了获取准确的水平井段测井曲线,往往需要对得到的水平井段测井曲线进行进一步校正。所以,对于克服现有技术中对大斜度井或水平井无缆测井的深度校正难和校正误差大的问题,也成为了目前研究的重点。However, when the inclination exceeds a certain inclination or is a horizontal well, especially a "upturned" horizontal well, it usually occurs that both the open hole logging and the cementing logging are drilling tool delivery logging. Although cableless logging technology can make up for the shortcomings of conventional logging technology in the field of complex well logging, it is obviously inappropriate to use traditional depth correction methods, because the logging depths of open hole logging and cementing logging are different. Inaccurate. If the depth is not accurate, it will affect the perforation-fracturing effect, and even cause engineering accidents. Therefore, in order to obtain accurate logging curves of horizontal well sections, it is often necessary to further correct the obtained logging curves of horizontal well sections. Therefore, it has also become the focus of current research to overcome the problems of difficult depth correction and large correction errors in cableless logging for highly deviated wells or horizontal wells in the prior art.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对于上述问题,本发明提供一种无缆测井深度校正方法及装置,解决了现有技术中对大斜度井或水平井无缆测井的深度校正难和校正误差大的问题。In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a cableless logging depth correction method and device, which solves the problems in the prior art that the depth correction of highly deviated wells or horizontal wells is difficult and the correction error is large.
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的第一方面,提供了一种无缆测井深度校正方法,该方法包括:In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a cableless logging depth correction method is provided, the method comprising:
将实际套管接箍深度作为基准,利用相关系数法将固井测井的磁定位曲线与所述实际套管接箍深度进行对比,获得所述固井测井深度校正量;Taking the actual casing collar depth as a reference, using the correlation coefficient method to compare the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging with the actual casing collar depth to obtain the correction amount of the cementing logging depth;
根据所述固井测井深度校正量,对固井测井的磁定位曲线和固井测井GR及同步测量的相关曲线进行校正,获得校正后的固井测井GR及所有同步测量曲线的深度;According to the correction amount of the cementing logging depth, the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging and the related curves of the cementing logging GR and the synchronous measurement are corrected to obtain the corrected cementing logging GR and all synchronous measurement curves depth;
将裸眼测井GR深度与所述校正后的固井测井GR深度进行深度校正,确定所述裸眼GR测井深度校正量;Correcting the depth of the open-hole logging GR depth and the corrected cementing logging GR depth to determine the correction amount of the open-hole GR logging depth;
根据所述裸眼GR测井深度校正量,对裸眼测井的GR曲线和裸眼测井的相关曲线深度进行校正。According to the open hole GR logging depth correction amount, the depth of the GR curve of the open hole logging and the correlation curve of the open hole logging is corrected.
优选的,将实际套管接箍深度作为基准,利用相关系数法将固井测井的磁定位曲线与所述实际套管接箍深度进行对比,获得所述固井测井深度校正量,包括:Preferably, the actual casing collar depth is used as a reference, and the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging is compared with the actual casing collar depth by using the correlation coefficient method to obtain the correction amount of the cementing logging depth, including :
根据所述固井测井的磁定位曲线的各峰值深度,得到所述磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度数值;According to each peak depth of the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging, the casing top depth value displayed by the magnetic positioning curve is obtained;
计算磁定位曲线深度校正量dj,其中,dj=ds-dc,式中dj为所述磁定位曲线深度校正量,ds为所述实际套管接箍顶部深度数值,dc为所述磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度数值;Calculate the depth correction amount d j of the magnetic positioning curve, where, d j =d s -d c , where d j is the depth correction value of the magnetic positioning curve, d s is the depth value of the actual casing collar top, d c is the casing top depth value displayed by the magnetic positioning curve;
根据所述磁定位曲线深度校正量,对所述磁定位曲线进行深度校正,获得校正后的磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度值,并与相对应的所述实际套管接箍顶部深度数值进行比较,判断所述比较值是否在误差允许范围内,如果是,则将所述磁定位曲线深度校正量作为所述固井测井深度校正量。Perform depth correction on the magnetic positioning curve according to the depth correction amount of the magnetic positioning curve, obtain the casing top depth value displayed by the corrected magnetic positioning curve, and match the corresponding actual casing collar top depth value A comparison is made to determine whether the comparison value is within the allowable error range, and if so, the depth correction amount of the magnetic positioning curve is used as the cementing logging depth correction amount.
优选的,所述根据所述固井测井深度校正量,对固井测井的磁定位曲线和固井测井GR及同步测量的相关曲线进行校正,获得校正后的固井测井GR及所有同步测量曲线的深度,包括:Preferably, according to the correction amount of the cementing logging depth, the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging, the cementing logging GR and the related curves of the synchronous measurement are corrected to obtain the corrected cementing logging GR and Depth of all simultaneous measurement curves, including:
根据所述固井测井深度校正量,采用深度平差的方法,对所述固井测井的磁定位曲线进行相应的曲线拉伸或压缩;According to the correction amount of the cementing logging depth, the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging is correspondingly stretched or compressed by adopting a depth adjustment method;
将同步测量的所述固井测井GR及同步测量的所有相关曲线进行校正,获得所述校正后的固井测井GR及所有同步测量曲线的深度。The synchronously measured cementing logging GR and all related curves are corrected to obtain the corrected cementing logging GR and the depth of all synchronously measuring curves.
根据本发明的第二方面,提供了一种无缆测井深度校正装置,该装置包括:According to a second aspect of the present invention, a cableless logging depth correction device is provided, the device comprising:
第一获取模块,用于将实际套管接箍深度作为基准,利用相关系数法将固井测井的磁定位曲线与所述实际套管接箍深度进行对比,获得所述固井测井深度校正量;The first acquisition module is used to use the actual casing collar depth as a reference, and use the correlation coefficient method to compare the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging with the actual casing collar depth to obtain the cementing logging depth correction amount;
第一校正模块,用于根据所述固井测井深度校正量,对固井测井的磁定位曲线和固井测井GR及同步测量的相关曲线进行校正,获得校正后的固井测井GR及所有同步测量曲线的深度;The first correction module is used to correct the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing log, the GR of the cementing log and the related curves of the synchronous measurement according to the correction amount of the cementing logging depth, and obtain the corrected cementing logging Depth of GR and all simultaneous measurement curves;
第二获取模块,用于将裸眼测井GR深度与所述校正后的固井测井GR深度进行深度校正,确定所述裸眼GR测井深度校正量;The second acquisition module is used to correct the depth of the open-hole logging GR depth and the corrected cementing logging GR depth, and determine the correction amount of the open-hole GR logging depth;
第二校正模块,用于根据所述裸眼GR测井深度校正量,对裸眼测井的GR曲线和裸眼测井的相关曲线深度进行校正。The second correction module is configured to correct the depth of the GR curve of the open-hole logging and the relevant curve of the open-hole logging according to the correction amount of the depth of the open-hole GR logging.
优选的,所述第一获取模块包括:Preferably, the first acquisition module includes:
数值获取单元,用于根据所述固井测井的磁定位曲线的各峰值深度,得到所述磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度数值;A numerical value acquisition unit, configured to obtain the casing top depth value displayed by the magnetic positioning curve according to each peak depth of the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging;
计算单元,用于计算磁定位曲线深度校正量dj,其中,dj=ds-dc,式中dj为所述磁定位曲线深度校正量,ds为所述实际套管接箍顶部深度数值,dc为所述磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度数值;The calculation unit is used to calculate the depth correction amount d j of the magnetic positioning curve, wherein, d j =d s -d c , where d j is the depth correction amount of the magnetic positioning curve, and d s is the actual casing collar The top depth value, d c is the casing top depth value shown by the magnetic positioning curve;
判断单元,用于根据所述磁定位曲线深度校正量,对所述磁定位曲线进行深度校正,获得校正后的磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度值,并与相对应的所述实际套管接箍顶部深度数值进行比较,判断所述比较值是否在误差允许范围内,如果是,则将所述磁定位曲线深度校正量作为所述固井测井深度校正量。The judging unit is configured to perform depth correction on the magnetic positioning curve according to the depth correction amount of the magnetic positioning curve, obtain the casing top depth value displayed by the corrected magnetic positioning curve, and compare it with the corresponding actual casing The coupling top depth value is compared to determine whether the comparison value is within the allowable error range, and if so, the depth correction amount of the magnetic positioning curve is used as the cementing logging depth correction amount.
优选的,所述第一校正模块包括:Preferably, the first correction module includes:
第一校正单元,用于根据所述固井测井深度校正量,采用深度平差的方法,对所述固井测井的磁定位曲线进行相应的曲线拉伸或压缩;The first correction unit is used to perform corresponding curve stretching or compression on the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging by adopting the method of depth adjustment according to the correction amount of the cementing logging depth;
第二校正单元,第二校正单元,用于将同步测量的所述固井测井GR及同步测量的所有相关曲线进行校正,获得所述校正后的固井测井GR及所有同步测量曲线的深度。The second correction unit, the second correction unit, is used to correct the synchronously measured cementing logging GR and all related curves measured simultaneously, and obtain the corrected cementing logging GR and all synchronously measured curves depth.
相较于现有技术,本发明通过将实际套管接箍深度作为基准,对固井测井的磁定位曲线和固井测井GR及同步测量的相关曲线进行校正,同时对裸眼测井的GR曲线和裸眼测井的相关曲线深度进行校正。通过本发明提供使用的校正方法,实现了裸眼、固井均无电缆测井时的深度校正。该方法不再以裸眼、固井两次测井的任一次自然伽马曲线为“参照物”,而是选用能反映套管深度的“套管接箍”为“参照物”,由于地面丈量的下井套管长度的真实性使得该深度校正方法更为科学。最终实现重构后测井深度与实际套管深度的误差达到设定容许精度误差0.25m以内,各类测井成果图件深度一致,输出与地层信息相符的测井曲线,为准确地实施射孔-压裂提供了技术支持。解决了现有技术中对大斜度井或水平井无缆测井的深度校正难和校正误差大的问题。Compared with the prior art, the present invention uses the actual casing collar depth as a reference to correct the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging, the GR of the cementing logging and the related curves of the synchronous measurement, and at the same time correct the The GR curve and the related curve depth of open hole logging are corrected. Through the correction method provided and used by the present invention, the depth correction when there is no wireline logging in both open hole and cemented well is realized. This method no longer takes any natural gamma ray curve of the two logs of open hole and cementing as the "reference object", but uses the "casing collar" that can reflect the casing depth as the "reference object". The authenticity of the downhole casing length makes the depth correction method more scientific. Finally, the error between the reconstructed logging depth and the actual casing depth is within 0.25m of the set allowable accuracy error, and the depths of various logging results are consistent, and the logging curves consistent with the formation information are output. Hole-Frac provided technical support. The problem of difficult depth correction and large correction errors in the cableless logging of highly deviated wells or horizontal wells in the prior art is solved.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据提供的附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only It is an embodiment of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.
图1为本发明实施例一提供的一种无缆测井深度校正方法的流程示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a cableless logging depth correction method provided by
图2为本发明实施例二对应的图1中所示S11步骤中的获得固井测井深度校正量的流程示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of obtaining the cementing logging depth correction amount in step S11 shown in Fig. 1 corresponding to
图3为本发明实施例中磁定位器的基本结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the magnetic locator in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例二中对应的图1中所示S12步骤中对固井测井曲线进行校正的流程示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of correcting the cementing logging curve in step S12 shown in Fig. 1 corresponding to
图5为本发明实施例中测井曲线压缩示意图;Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of logging curve compression in an embodiment of the present invention;
图6为本发明实施例三提供的无缆测井深度校正装置的结构示意图;Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cableless logging depth correction device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;
图7为本发明实施例四中以套管接箍深度为准确定固井GR校正量示意图;Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the correction amount of cementing GR in the fourth embodiment of the present invention with the depth of the casing collar as the accurate setting;
图8为本发明实施例四中以套管接箍深度为准固井系列校正后深度示意图;Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the corrected depth of the cementing series based on the depth of the casing collar in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
图9为本发明实施例四中以套管接箍深度为准确定裸眼GR校正量图;Fig. 9 is a diagram of determining the naked eye GR correction amount based on the depth of the casing collar in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
图10为本发明实施例四中以套管接箍深度为准校正前的裸眼系列测井曲线图;Fig. 10 is a series of open hole logging curves before correction based on the casing collar depth in Example 4 of the present invention;
图11为本发明实施例四中以套管接箍深度为准校正后的裸眼系列测井曲线图。Fig. 11 is a series of open-hole logging curves corrected based on the casing collar depth in Example 4 of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”和“第二”等是用于区别不同的对象,而不是用于描述特定的顺序。此外术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们任何变形,意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有设定于已列出的步骤或单元,而是可包括没有列出的步骤或单元。The terms "first" and "second" in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having", and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not defined by listed steps or units, but may include unlisted steps or units.
实施例一Embodiment one
参见图1为本发明实施例一提供的一种无缆测井深度校正方法的流程示意图,该方法包括以下步骤:Referring to Fig. 1, it is a schematic flowchart of a cableless logging depth correction method provided by
S11、将实际套管接箍深度作为基准,利用相关系数法将固井测井的磁定位曲线与所述实际套管接箍深度进行对比,获得所述固井测井深度校正量;S11. Taking the actual casing collar depth as a reference, using the correlation coefficient method to compare the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging with the actual casing collar depth to obtain the correction amount of the cementing logging depth;
具体的,选用能反映套管深度的“套管接箍”为“参照物”,以每根套管的实际下深(套管接箍深度)为基准,对固井测井的磁定位曲线进行深度校正。固井磁定位曲线的主要作用就是套管接箍定位,在套管接箍处表现为尖峰状,相邻的两个尖峰之间的距离相当于一根套管的长度。固井磁定位曲线的尖峰所反映的套管接箍深度与地面丈量的下井套管长度是一一对应的。Specifically, the "casing collar" that can reflect the casing depth is selected as the "reference object", and the actual depth of each casing (casing collar depth) is used as the reference, and the magnetic positioning curve of cementing logging Perform depth correction. The main function of the cementing magnetic positioning curve is to locate the casing collar, which is peak-shaped at the casing collar, and the distance between two adjacent peaks is equivalent to the length of a casing. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the casing collar depth reflected by the peak of the cementing magnetic positioning curve and the downhole casing length measured on the ground.
S12、根据所述固井测井深度校正量,对固井测井的磁定位曲线和固井测井GR及同步测量的相关曲线进行校正,获得校正后的固井测井GR及所有同步测量曲线的深度;S12. According to the correction amount of the cementing logging depth, correct the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging, the related curves of the cementing logging GR and the synchronous measurement, and obtain the corrected cementing logging GR and all synchronous measurements the depth of the curve;
S13、将裸眼测井GR深度与所述校正后的固井测井GR深度进行深度校正,确定所述裸眼GR测井深度校正量;S13. Correct the depth of the open hole logging GR and the corrected cementing logging GR depth, and determine the correction amount of the open hole GR logging depth;
S14、根据所述裸眼GR测井深度校正量,对裸眼测井的GR曲线和裸眼测井的相关曲线深度进行校正。S14. Correct the depth of the GR curve of the open-hole logging and the correlation curve of the open-hole logging according to the correction amount of the depth of the open-hole GR logging.
通过本发明实施例一公开的技术方案,选用能反映套管深度的“套管接箍”为“参照物”,分别对固井测井曲线和裸眼测井的相关曲线进行校正,使得校正更加精准,解决了现有技术中对大斜度井或水平井无缆测井的深度校正难和校正误差大的问题。Through the technical solution disclosed in
实施例二Embodiment two
参照本发明实施例一和图1中所描述的S11到S14步骤的具体过程,图2为本发明实施例二对应的图1中所示S11步骤中的固井测井深度校正量的流程示意图,该步骤具体包括:Referring to
S111、根据所述固井测井的磁定位曲线的各峰值深度,得到所述磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度数值;S111. According to each peak depth of the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging, obtain the casing top depth value displayed by the magnetic positioning curve;
可以理解的,磁定位曲线由磁性定位器测量得到,磁性定位器测井原理,如下:It can be understood that the magnetic positioning curve is measured by the magnetic locator, and the logging principle of the magnetic locator is as follows:
磁性定位器属于磁测井系列,主要用于深度控制确定井下工具的下入深度,在定位、射孔中应用广泛。图3是磁性定位器的基本结构,核心是一对磁极相对的磁钢和线圈。测井时,仪器下入套管、油管或其它套柱内,此时磁力线分布稳定,当仪器沿管柱从(a)到(d)时,如遇接箍,封隔器或配水器,磁力线的分布将发生变化,所以通过线圈的磁通量也会发生变化并在线圈中产生感应电动势,由电磁感应定律可知,电动势的大小由下式决定:The magnetic locator belongs to the magnetic logging series, which is mainly used for depth control to determine the running depth of downhole tools, and is widely used in positioning and perforating. Figure 3 shows the basic structure of the magnetic locator, the core of which is a pair of magnetic steel and coils with opposite magnetic poles. When logging, the instrument is lowered into the casing, tubing or other strings. At this time, the distribution of magnetic force lines is stable. When the instrument goes from (a) to (d) along the string, if it encounters a collar, packer or water distributor, The distribution of the magnetic lines of force will change, so the magnetic flux passing through the coil will also change and generate an induced electromotive force in the coil. According to the law of electromagnetic induction, the magnitude of the electromotive force is determined by the following formula:
在上式中ε为线圈两端产生的感应电动势;K为比例系数;Φ为磁通量;t为时间。In the above formula, ε is the induced electromotive force generated at both ends of the coil; K is the proportional coefficient; Φ is the magnetic flux; t is the time.
磁性定位器测得的信号如图3(e)所示,套管接箍位置为图3(e)中尖峰处,由磁性定位器可测得井内连续的磁定位曲线,能准确确定套管接箍深度。The signal measured by the magnetic locator is shown in Fig. 3(e). The position of the casing collar is at the peak in Fig. 3(e). The continuous magnetic positioning curve in the well can be measured by the magnetic locator, which can accurately determine the position of the casing. Collar depth.
S112、计算磁定位曲线深度校正量dj,其中,dj=ds-dc,式中dj为所述磁定位曲线深度校正量,ds为所述实际套管接箍顶部深度数值,dc为所述磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度数值;S112. Calculate the depth correction amount d j of the magnetic positioning curve, where d j =d s -d c , where d j is the depth correction amount of the magnetic positioning curve, and d s is the actual casing collar top depth value , dc is the casing top depth value displayed by the magnetic positioning curve;
具体的,实际套管接箍顶部深度数值,对应的就应该为磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度数值,两者之间深度差值即为磁定位曲线深度校正量;Specifically, the actual casing collar top depth value should correspond to the casing top depth value displayed by the magnetic positioning curve, and the depth difference between the two is the depth correction amount of the magnetic positioning curve;
S113、根据所述磁定位曲线深度校正量,对所述磁定位曲线进行深度校正,获得校正后的磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度值,并与相对应的所述实际套管接箍顶部深度数值进行比较,判断所述比较值是否在误差允许范围内,如果是,则将所述磁定位曲线深度校正量作为所述固井测井深度校正量。S113. Perform depth correction on the magnetic positioning curve according to the depth correction amount of the magnetic positioning curve, obtain the casing top depth value displayed by the corrected magnetic positioning curve, and compare it with the corresponding actual casing collar top Compare the depth values to determine whether the comparison value is within the allowable error range, and if so, use the depth correction amount of the magnetic positioning curve as the cementing logging depth correction amount.
通常,校正量要满足行业标准:对套管误差在(±1‰)内,同一口井各曲线之间深度误差在0.25m内,以此来判断校正的准确性。具体的,在本实施例二中应用相关函数法将固井测井中反映套管接箍深度的磁定位曲线深度与套管实际深度对比,确定固井测井深度校正量:Usually, the correction amount should meet the industry standard: the error of the casing is within (±1‰), and the depth error between the curves of the same well is within 0.25m, so as to judge the accuracy of the correction. Specifically, in the second embodiment, the correlation function method is used to compare the depth of the magnetic positioning curve reflecting the depth of the casing collar in the cementing logging with the actual depth of the casing to determine the correction amount of the cementing logging depth:
对于进行深度校正的两条测井曲线,相当于等长的两个离散序列xn、yn,各有N个采样点,利用它们之间的线性相关程度来确定两曲线同一层位的深度是否相同。描述两者相关程度可用标准化相关函数法。For the two logging curves for depth correction, it is equivalent to two discrete sequences x n , y n of equal length, each with N sampling points, and the depth of the same layer of the two curves is determined by the degree of linear correlation between them Is it the same. The standardized correlation function method can be used to describe the degree of correlation between the two.
标准化相关函数rxy:Standardized correlation function r xy :
式中:In the formula:
上面所定义的相关函数是以xn、yn定长为依据来进行两条曲线的深度对比,是在一定的深度位移情况下进行的,即在平移中研究两条曲线的相似性。The correlation function defined above is based on the fixed length of x n and y n to compare the depth of two curves. It is carried out under a certain depth displacement, that is, to study the similarity of the two curves in translation.
参照图4为本发明实施例二中对应的图1中所示S12步骤中对固井测井曲线进行校正的流程示意图,步骤S12具体包括:Referring to Fig. 4, it is a schematic flow diagram of correcting the cementing logging curve in step S12 shown in Fig. 1 corresponding to
S121、根据所述固井测井深度校正量,采用深度平差的方法,对所述固井测井的磁定位曲线进行相应的曲线拉伸或压缩;S121. According to the correction amount of the cementing logging depth, the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging is correspondingly stretched or compressed by adopting a depth adjustment method;
S122、将同步测量的所述固井测井GR及同步测量的所有相关曲线进行校正,获得所述校正后的固井测井GR及所有同步测量曲线的深度。S122. Correct the synchronously measured cementing log GR and all related curves measured simultaneously, and obtain the corrected cementing log GR and the depth of all synchronously measured curves.
具体的,对测井曲线的某些层段的深度进行压缩或拉伸,就是平常所谓的深度平差。例如,对比曲线的某一组段的顶、底深度间隔d22-d21大于基本曲线同一组段间的深度间隔d12-d11,这时就应将d22-d21间的测井数据压缩到d12-d11相同的深度间隔内;反之,就应将对比曲线某一组段内的测井数据,通过增大采样间隔的办法,将曲线进行拉长。Specifically, compressing or stretching the depth of certain intervals of the logging curve is what is commonly called depth adjustment. For example, if the top-bottom depth interval d 22 -d 21 of a certain section of the comparison curve is greater than the depth interval d 12 -d 11 between the same section of the basic curve, then the logging interval between d 22 -d 21 should be The data should be compressed into the same depth interval of d 12 -d 11 ; otherwise, the logging data in a certain section of the comparison curve should be increased to elongate the curve by increasing the sampling interval.
下面以深度压缩为例加以说明。如图5所示,曲线C1为基准曲线,曲线C2为对比曲线。经对比曲线C2深度为d22~d21层段的曲线部分与曲线C1深度为d11~d12层段的相当,但深度之间有︱d22-d21︱>︱d12-d11︱。故应对d22~d21层段的C2曲线作压缩处理。The following takes deep compression as an example to illustrate. As shown in Figure 5, curve C 1 is a reference curve, and curve C 2 is a comparison curve. After comparison, the curve part of the depth of the curve C 2 in the interval d 22 ~ d 21 is equivalent to that of the depth of the curve C 1 in the interval d 11 ~ d 12 , but there is a difference between the depths︱d 22 -d 21 ︱>︱d 12 - d 11 |. Therefore, the C 2 curve of the interval d 22 ~ d 21 should be compressed.
进行这种深度平差的基本步骤是:The basic steps in performing this depth adjustment are:
首先在曲线C2上找出与曲线深度C1的采样深度dx相对应的深度dy,First find out the depth d y corresponding to the sampling depth d x of the curve depth C 1 on the curve C 2 ,
因为: because:
故 so
d11、d12、d21、d22通过曲线对比已经确定,dx由C1上选定。d 11 , d 12 , d 21 , and d 22 have been determined through curve comparison, and d x is selected by C 1 .
根据dy从曲线C2的测井数据中找出点y前后相邻的采样点(i,i+1)的测井值Vi、Vi+1,利用线性插值的方法算出点y的测井值Vy:Find out the logging values V i and V i+1 of the adjacent sampling points (i, i+1) before and after point y from the logging data of curve C 2 according to d y , and use the method of linear interpolation to calculate the value of point y Logging value V y :
根据采样间隔逐次移动dx,并由式(1-1)、(1-2)分别求出dy及Vy。Move d x successively according to the sampling interval, and obtain d y and V y respectively from formulas (1-1) and (1-2).
相应的步骤S13和S14也可参考上述的具体描述进行对应的操作。Corresponding steps S13 and S14 may also refer to the above detailed description to perform corresponding operations.
根据本发明实施例二公开的技术方案,通过采用磁定位曲线与套管接箍进行比较,由磁性定位器可测得井内连续的磁定位曲线,能准确确定套管接箍深度,并且将校正量满足误差要求,通过相关函数法最终确定了校正量,并且采用曲线的压缩或拉伸对曲线进行了校正,使得校正更加精准,解决了现有技术中对大斜度井或水平井无缆测井的深度校正难和校正误差大的问题。According to the technical solution disclosed in
实施例三Embodiment three
与本发明实施例一和实施例二所公开的无缆测井深度校正方法相对应,本发明的实施例三还提供了一种无缆测井深度校正装置,参见图6为本发明实施例三提供的无缆测井深度校正装置的结构示意图,该装置包括:Corresponding to the cableless logging depth correction methods disclosed in the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the third embodiment of the present invention also provides a cableless logging depth correction device, see Figure 6 for an embodiment of the present invention 3. Schematic diagram of the structure of the cableless logging depth correction device provided, the device includes:
第一获取模块1,用于将实际套管接箍深度作为基准,利用相关系数法将固井测井的磁定位曲线与所述实际套管接箍深度进行对比,获得所述固井测井深度校正量;The
第一校正模块2,用于根据所述固井测井深度校正量,对固井测井的磁定位曲线和固井测井GR及同步测量的相关曲线进行校正,获得校正后的固井测井GR及所有同步测量曲线的深度;The
第二获取模块3,用于将裸眼测井GR深度与所述校正后的固井测井GR深度进行深度校正,确定所述裸眼GR测井深度校正量;The second acquisition module 3 is used to correct the depth of the open-hole logging GR and the corrected cementing logging GR depth, and determine the correction amount of the open-hole GR logging depth;
第二校正模块4,用于根据所述裸眼GR测井深度校正量,对裸眼测井的GR曲线和裸眼测井的相关曲线深度进行校正。The second correction module 4 is configured to correct the depth of the GR curve of the open-hole logging and the correlation curve of the open-hole logging according to the correction amount of the depth of the open-hole GR logging.
相应的,所述第一获取模块1包括:Correspondingly, the
数值获取单元11,用于根据所述固井测井的磁定位曲线的各峰值深度,得到所述磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度数值;The value acquisition unit 11 is used to obtain the casing top depth value displayed by the magnetic positioning curve according to the peak depths of the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging;
计算单元12,用于计算磁定位曲线深度校正量dj,其中,dj=ds-dc,式中dj为所述磁定位曲线深度校正量,ds为所述实际套管接箍顶部深度数值,dc为所述磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度数值;The
判断单元13,用于根据所述磁定位曲线深度校正量,对所述磁定位曲线进行深度校正,获得校正后的磁定位曲线显示的套管顶部深度值,并与相对应的所述实际套管接箍顶部深度数值进行比较,判断所述比较值是否在误差允许范围内,如果是,则将所述磁定位曲线深度校正量作为所述固井测井深度校正量。The judging unit 13 is used to perform depth correction on the magnetic positioning curve according to the depth correction amount of the magnetic positioning curve, obtain the casing top depth value displayed by the corrected magnetic positioning curve, and compare it with the corresponding actual casing top depth value. Compare the depth values at the top of the pipe collar to determine whether the comparison value is within the allowable error range, and if so, use the depth correction amount of the magnetic positioning curve as the cementing logging depth correction amount.
相应的,所述第一校正模块2包括:Correspondingly, the
第一校正单元21,用于根据所述固井测井深度校正量,采用深度平差的方法,对所述固井测井的磁定位曲线进行相应的曲线拉伸或压缩;The first correction unit 21 is used to perform corresponding curve stretching or compression on the magnetic positioning curve of the cementing logging by adopting the method of depth adjustment according to the correction amount of the cementing logging depth;
第二校正单元22,用于根据所述裸眼GR测井深度校正量,对裸眼测井的GR曲线和裸眼测井的相关曲线深度进行校正。The second correction unit 22 is configured to correct the depth of the GR curve of the open-hole logging and the correlation curve of the open-hole logging according to the correction amount of the open-hole GR logging depth.
在本发明的实施例三中,通过第一获取模块获得了固井测井的深度校正量,同时通过第一校正模块对固井测井的相关曲线进行了校正,相应的采用类似方法实现了对裸眼测井曲线的校正,由于采用了套管接箍深度作为了基值,使得校正量更加精确,测井曲线深度满足误差允许范围,这样使得校正后的固井测井曲线和裸眼测井曲线更加精准,解决了现有技术中对大斜度井或水平井无缆测井的深度校正难和校正误差大的问题。In the third embodiment of the present invention, the depth correction amount of the cementing logging is obtained through the first acquisition module, and at the same time, the correlation curve of the cementing logging is corrected through the first correction module, and a similar method is adopted to realize For the correction of the open-hole logging curve, since the depth of the casing collar is used as the base value, the correction amount is more accurate, and the depth of the logging curve meets the allowable range of error, so that the corrected cementing logging curve and the open-hole logging curve The curve is more accurate, which solves the problems of difficult depth correction and large correction errors in the cableless logging of highly deviated wells or horizontal wells in the prior art.
实施例四Embodiment Four
本发明实施例四提供了在具体场景中的无缆测井深度校正方法,选取的A井为一口页岩气水平井,裸眼测井和固井测井均采用钻具输送测井,以该井2545-2590m井段为例,以实际套管接箍深度为基准,将第一道磁定位曲线中指示套管接箍的各峰值深度与实际套管接箍深度对比。首先对比最显而易见的短套管深度,从图7可见,磁定位曲线显示短套管顶深为2577.84m,底深为2582.85m,实际短套管接箍顶深为2574.95m、底深为2579.96m,深了2.89m,确定校正量为-2.89m;Embodiment 4 of the present invention provides a cableless logging depth correction method in a specific scenario. The selected well A is a shale gas horizontal well, and both the open-hole logging and the cementing logging use drilling tool delivery logging. Taking the 2545-2590m section of the well as an example, taking the actual casing collar depth as the reference, compare the peak depths of the indicated casing collars in the first magnetic positioning curve with the actual casing collar depths. First, compare the most obvious depth of the short casing. It can be seen from Figure 7 that the magnetic positioning curve shows that the short casing has a top depth of 2577.84m and a bottom depth of 2582.85m, and the actual short casing collar has a top depth of 2574.95m and a bottom depth of 2579.96 m, the depth is 2.89m, and the correction value is determined to be -2.89m;
将磁定位曲线深度上移2.89m,确定深度对齐之后,再将同步测量的固井GR等所有曲线上移2.89m,校深后磁定位曲线显示短节深度(2574.96-2579.97m)比实际套管短节深度(2574.95-2579.96m)深0.01m,在允许误差0.25m以内,见图8;Move the depth of the magnetic positioning curve up by 2.89m. After confirming that the depth is aligned, move up all the curves such as the cementing GR measured synchronously by 2.89m. The pipe pup joint depth (2574.95-2579.96m) is 0.01m deep, within the allowable error of 0.25m, see Figure 8;
再以校深后固井GR深度为准,将裸眼GR与之深度进行对比,确定裸眼GR深度校正量,从图9中可见,裸眼GR深度比以接箍校深后固井GR浅了1.69m,裸眼GR深度校正量为+1.69m;Then take the depth of cementing GR after depth correction as the standard, compare the depth of open hole GR with it, and determine the correction amount of open hole GR depth. It can be seen from Fig. 9 that the depth of open hole GR is 1.69 shallower than that of cementing GR after depth correction by coupling m, the naked eye GR depth correction is +1.69m;
图10为裸眼测井系列校深前测井曲线图,将裸眼GR及所有同步测量的所有曲线深度下移1.69m,使裸眼GR与校深后固井GR两条曲线深度达到一致,见图11,固井校深后磁定位曲线指示的套管接箍深度与实际套管接箍深度一致,本井段深度误差为-0.075m,在容许误差0.25m以内。Fig. 10 is the logging curve of the open hole logging series before depth correction. The depth of the open hole GR and all the curves measured simultaneously is moved down by 1.69m, so that the depth of the two curves of the open hole GR and the cementing GR after correction are consistent, as shown in Fig. 11. The depth of the casing collar indicated by the magnetic positioning curve after the cementing calibration is consistent with the actual casing collar depth. The depth error of this well section is -0.075m, which is within the allowable error of 0.25m.
在本发明的实施例四中,以具体井段为例,描述了无缆测井深度校正的方法,以“套管接箍为准”深度校正后,各类测井成果图件深度一致,使得校正更加精准,解决了现有技术中对大斜度井或水平井无缆测井的深度校正难和校正误差大的问题。In Embodiment 4 of the present invention, taking a specific well section as an example, the method of cableless logging depth correction is described. After the depth correction is based on the "casing collar", the depths of various logging results are consistent. The correction is made more accurate, and the problems of difficult depth correction and large correction errors in the cableless logging of highly deviated wells or horizontal wells in the prior art are solved.
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。对于实施例公开的装置而言,由于其与实施例公开的方法相对应,所以描述的比较简单,相关之处参见方法部分说明即可。Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other. As for the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the related part, please refer to the description of the method part.
对所公开的实施例的上述说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。The above description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
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| CN116335639B (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2025-08-29 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | A method and device for calibrating depth of well logging curves based on activity and variance transformation |
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