CN108569868B - A kind of modified similar material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of modified similar material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108569868B CN108569868B CN201710136784.4A CN201710136784A CN108569868B CN 108569868 B CN108569868 B CN 108569868B CN 201710136784 A CN201710136784 A CN 201710136784A CN 108569868 B CN108569868 B CN 108569868B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 25
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006273 (C1-C3) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WETINTNJFLGREW-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;iron;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Ca].[Fe].[Fe] WETINTNJFLGREW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011363 dried mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- LOJPEGWUHVRGBN-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachlorotitanium;triethylalumane Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ti+4].CC[Al](CC)CC LOJPEGWUHVRGBN-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G81/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种改性相似材料及其制备方法。所述改性材料包括重晶石粉、水泥、水、32号液压机油以及本发明特有的式I聚合物。本发明提供的改性相似材料可以模拟各种岩体,且所用原材料来源广泛,无毒副作用,制备过程简单,耗能低,制备效率高,成本低。The present invention relates to a modified similar material and a preparation method thereof. The modified material includes barite powder, cement, water, No. 32 hydraulic oil and the polymer of formula I unique to the present invention. The modified similar material provided by the invention can simulate various rock masses, and the raw materials used are widely sourced, without toxic and side effects, the preparation process is simple, the energy consumption is low, the preparation efficiency is high, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a similar material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a geomechanical model similar material suitable for a simulated rock mass and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The analog simulation test is a test method which uses a model to replace a prototype to carry out test research according to a certain geometric and physical relation and uses the research result in the prototype. The method is an important scientific research means, a model similar to a prototype is manufactured in a laboratory according to a similar principle, internal force parameters and a distribution rule of the model are observed by means of a test instrument, and a mechanical phenomenon possibly occurring in the prototype and a rule of rock mass pressure distribution are deduced by using a research result on the model, so that the practical problem in rock mass engineering production is solved. The research method has the advantages of intuition, simplicity, convenience, economy, rapidness, short test period and the like. Moreover, the change rule of the stress in the actual engineering along with the time can be researched by fixing certain parameters and changing other parameters according to the requirement, which are difficult to realize under the field condition.
In the research of geotechnical engineering science, related theoretical researches on similar materials are often involved, and the similar materials with ideal stress-strain curve relationship of the similar materials or stress-strain curve relationship with stress intensification are important test materials for theoretical researches, so that the development of the materials is necessary.
Similar materials are the key to the success of similar tests, and when similar model tests are carried out, the test of the model deformation information is a fundamental task, and the test data is the fundamental basis for scientific research. At present, a variety of similar materials are used for similar tests, and the materials are classified into paraffin, gypsum, rosin, cement and other similar materials according to different cementing materials. These similar materials are basically high in compressive strength, and special test instruments are required to be installed in the test to test relevant deformation
In (1). Until now, similar materials are not manufactured into materials with similar sensitivity, so that a test instrument is specially arranged for carrying out related tests in a model test, and some key data such as internal deformation of a model and the like cannot be obtained due to the test instrument.
The geomechanical model test is a method for carrying out scale research on specific engineering geological problems according to a certain similarity principle, and the main purpose of the test is to research the ultimate bearing capacity, the failure form, the failure mechanism and the deformation distribution characteristics of various buildings under the action of external load. The research content of the geomechanical model test is not limited to a certain state under the known load, more importantly, the whole change process from the gradual load action to the destruction is researched, the actual physical entity is adopted, the relation between the geological structure and the engineering building can be truly reflected under the condition that the materials are similar, especially the mechanics is similar, the influence of the engineering building on the rock mass can be simulated, and the results generated by the influence of the engineering building on the rock mass and the influence of the deformation and deformation of the rock mass on the building structure can be more intuitively displayed. Therefore, in the process of geomechanical model test research, the model material meeting the physical and mechanical property similarity relation is the basis of the model test and is the key for the success of the model test.
Similar materials are the key to the success of similar tests, and therefore the following requirements must be met for similar materials: the main mechanical properties of similar materials are similar to the structure of the simulated rock formation. For example, when the damage process is simulated, the unidirectional compression strength and the tensile strength of similar materials are similar to those of a prototype material; the mechanical property of the material is stable and is not easily influenced by external conditions (humidity, temperature and the like); the mechanical property of the material can be changed by changing the proportion of the material so as to adapt to the requirements of similar conditions. Easy molding, convenient manufacture and short solidification time; wide material source and low cost.
At present, a plurality of similar materials used for similar tests, such as paraffin, pure gypsum, gypsum and diatomite mixed simulation materials, cement and pumice mixed materials and the like, have a certain effect in specific tests, but have a plurality of defects, such as paraffin, and the materials need to be applied with a certain temperature when being used for manufacturing test pieces, so that the operation is inconvenient, and the materials are not commonly used; the adjustable range of the elastic modulus of the gypsum is not large, and the ratio of the ultimate compressive strength to the tensile strength is too small, so that the application range of the gypsum is limited to a certain extent; similar materials formed by matching gypsum, diatomite and water have the phenomenon of volume reduction along with the increase of the doping amount of the diatomite. For this reason, it is necessary to develop a similar material that can satisfy similar test requirements.
At present, in the geological structure of hydropower engineering which is being built and is about to be built in China, the types of rock masses which affect the overall stability are multiple, the performance difference is large, particularly in the southwest area of China, a large number of weak rock masses such as IV and V rock masses, unloading rock masses, columnar joints and the like appear in a lot of projects, the rock masses are low in strength and deformation modulus and poor in performance, and the overall stability of the projects is affected very adversely, so that a proper model similar material is needed to simulate the weak rock masses so as to carry out the related research.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the model material and provide a novel geomechanical model similar material which has the advantages of wide variation of strength and deformation modulus and can be used for simulating weak rock mass.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the geomechanical model similar material for simulating the rock mass.
The geomechanical model similar material for simulating rock mass provided by the invention comprises the following components in parts by mass:
100 portions of barite powder
1-3 parts of cement
0.01-0.02 part of polymer of formula I
2-3 parts of water
2-6 parts of No. 32 hydraulic machine oil
Wherein the barite powder has a particle size of 200 meshes, and the material is prepared into a bulk density of 32KN/m3The deformation modulus of a sample having a size of 8cm × 8cm × 8cm is 10.1 to 26.6MPa, and the compressive strength is 0.66 to 42.8 MPa. The polymer of formula I is shown below, wherein Mw1500 to 15000, a molecular weight distribution index of 1.2 to 3.5, R is C1-C3 alkyl, M is 5 to 20, n and M are 2.6 to 3.2:
I。
the cement is preferably portland cement designated 425, 525 or 625.
The process steps and conditions for preparing the geomechanical model similar material capable of being used for simulating the rock mass provided by the invention are as follows:
1) uniformly mixing 100 parts of barite powder with the particle size of 200 meshes and 0.01-0.02 part of polymer shown in the formula I, drying to remove water, taking out, and cooling to room temperature;
2) adding 2-6 parts of No. 32 hydraulic machine oil into the dried mixture obtained in the step 1), uniformly mixing, and crushing the mixed material until the particle size is less than or equal to 1 mm;
3) adding 1-3 parts of cement into the mixture obtained in the step 2), and continuously and uniformly mixing;
4) finally, 2-3 parts of water is added into the mixture and then mixed evenly,
the parts of the materials are parts by mass.
The cement used in the above process is preferably portland cement designated 425, 525 or 625.
When the material is used, the materials are weighed according to volume weight and volume size of a single block, then the material is placed into a die for tamping and forming, and after the material is formed, the material is naturally dried indoors for 21 days, and then the material is subjected to mechanical property test, meets the requirements and can be used as a similar material for geomechanical model test.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the rock mass simulation material provided by the invention simultaneously contains cement, water and the polymer of the formula I, wherein the cement does not have the binding property, but hydration products generated by the reaction of the cement and the water, such as calcium silicate hydrate, calcium ferrite hydrate and the like, have higher strength and gelling property, the property enables the cement to be the most sensitive component influencing the compressive strength and the deformation modulus in the whole material composition, and contributes higher compressive strength and deformation modulus to the material, and the binding property of the polymer of the formula I is much lower than the binding property of the cement hydration product, so that the compressive strength and the deformation modulus of the rock mass simulation material can be changed in a larger range by adjusting the mixing amount of the cement, the water and the polymer of the formula I, so as to meet the requirement of simulating rock masses with different properties.
2. The rock mass simulation material provided by the invention also uses 32 # hydraulic engine oil with lubricating property, and the engine oil can reduce the deformation resistance of the material, so that the deformation modulus of the material can be further conveniently adjusted by adjusting the addition amount of the engine oil, and the obtained material can more easily meet the requirements of different rock masses with larger simulation performance difference.
3. Because the components used in the material are not easily influenced by the external environment, the physical and mechanical properties of the obtained material under natural conditions can be kept stable, the influence on the test result caused by the change of the material in the test process due to the components is avoided, and the rock mass model material is an ideal rock mass model material.
4. Due to the use of the polymer of the formula I in the invention, the finally formed material has a wider deformation modulus and higher compressive strength.
5. The preparation process of the method is simple, and only the raw materials are conventionally dried, and other preparations are mixed at room temperature, so that the energy consumption is low, the preparation efficiency is high, and the cost is low.
Examples
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. It should be understood that the method described in the examples is only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and that simple modifications of the preparation method of the present invention based on the concept of the present invention are within the scope of the claimed invention. All materials and solvents used in the examples were purchased from Sigma Biochemical and Organic Compounds for Research and Diagnostic Reagents, unless otherwise specified. In addition, the parts of the materials in the following examples are all parts by mass; the compression strength and deformation modulus values of the materials obtained in the following examples 2 to 8 were obtained by preparing the materials to have a bulk density of 32KN/m3And the size of the specimen was 8 cm. times.8 cm.
Example 1:
500g of a compound of the formula Ia (AR, available from Dow-Corning Corp.) and 60g of a compound of the formula Ib (AR, available from organosilicon resin factory, Liaoning province) were charged into a three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer under protection of an inert gas, the stirrer was started and the temperature was raised to 110 ℃ to mix them uniformly, 3g of titanium tetrachloride-triethylaluminum was then added thereto at a rotation speed of 600R/min, and after stirring and reacting for 10 hours, the stirring was stopped to obtain a polymer Ic in which R is a methyl group.
Ia
+
Ib
↓
Ic
Wherein M iswIs 1.22X 104,MnIs 4.52 multiplied by 103The molecular weight distribution index was 2.6.
Example 2:
firstly, 100 parts of barite powder with the particle size of 200 meshes and 0.015 part of polymer with the formula Ic are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is dried for 3 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃ for dewatering, and the mixture is taken out and cooled to the room temperature; adding 4 parts of No. 32 hydraulic machine oil into the dried barite powder and the polymer of formula Ic, uniformly mixing, and then crushing the mixed material to the particle size of less than or equal to 1 mm; adding 1.8 parts of cement marked as 525 into a mixture of barite powder, the polymer of formula Ic and No. 32 hydraulic oil, and continuously and uniformly mixing; and finally, adding 2 parts of water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing. The compressive strength of the material is 0.76MPa, and the deformation modulus is 12.1 MPa.
Example 3:
firstly, 100 parts of barite powder with the particle size of 200 meshes and 0.013 part of polymer with the formula Ic are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is dried for 3 hours at 90 ℃ to remove water, and the mixture is taken out and cooled to room temperature; adding 4 parts of No. 32 hydraulic machine oil into the dried barite powder and the polymer mixture of the formula Ic, uniformly mixing, and crushing the mixed material to the particle size of less than or equal to 1 mm; adding 1 part of cement marked as 425 into a mixture of barite powder, the polymer with the formula Ic and No. 32 hydraulic machine oil, and continuously and uniformly mixing; and finally, adding 2.5 parts of water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing. The compressive strength of the material is 0.98MPa, and the deformation modulus is 12.8 MPa.
Example 4:
firstly, 100 parts of barite powder with the particle size of 200 meshes and 0.017 part of polymer with the formula Ic are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is dried for 3 hours at 90 ℃ to remove water, and the mixture is taken out and cooled to room temperature; adding 4 parts of No. 32 hydraulic machine oil into the dried barite powder and the polymer mixture of the formula Ic, uniformly mixing, and crushing the mixed material to the particle size of less than or equal to 1 mm; adding 2.1 parts of cement marked as 425 into a mixture of barite powder, the polymer with the formula Ic and No. 32 hydraulic machine oil, and continuously and uniformly mixing; and finally, adding 2.1 parts of water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing. The compressive strength of the material is 0.66MPa, and the deformation modulus is 16.9 MPa.
Example 5:
firstly, 100 parts of barite powder with the particle size of 200 meshes and 0.018 part of polymer in the formula Ic are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is dried for 3 hours at 90 ℃ for dewatering, and then the mixture is taken out and cooled to room temperature; adding 4 parts of No. 32 hydraulic machine oil into the dried barite powder and the polymer mixture of the formula Ic, uniformly mixing, and crushing the mixed material to the particle size of less than or equal to 1 mm; adding 3 parts of cement marked as 425 into a mixture of barite powder, the polymer with the formula Ic and No. 32 hydraulic machine oil, and continuously and uniformly mixing; and finally, adding 2 parts of water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing. The compressive strength of the material is 0.69MPa, and the deformation modulus is 19.0 MPa.
Example 6:
firstly, 100 parts of barite powder with the particle size of 200 meshes and 0.019 part of polymer with the formula Ic are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is dried for 3 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃ to remove water, and the mixture is taken out and cooled to the room temperature; adding 4 parts of No. 32 hydraulic machine oil into the dried barite powder and the polymer mixture of the formula Ic, uniformly mixing, and crushing the mixed material to the particle size of less than or equal to 1 mm; adding 2.5 parts of cement marked as 425 into a mixture of barite powder, the polymer with the formula Ic and No. 32 hydraulic machine oil, and continuously and uniformly mixing; and finally, adding 3 parts of water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing. The compressive strength of the material is 0.88MPa, and the deformation modulus is 21.6 MPa.
Example 7:
firstly, 100 parts of barite powder with the particle size of 200 meshes and 0.02 part of polymer with the formula Ic are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is dried for 3 hours at 90 ℃ for dewatering, and the mixture is taken out and cooled to room temperature; adding 2 parts of No. 32 hydraulic machine oil into the dried barite powder and the polymer mixture of the formula Ic, uniformly mixing, and crushing the mixed material to the particle size of less than or equal to 1 mm; adding 2 parts of cement marked as 525 into a mixture of barite powder, the polymer with the formula Ic and No. 32 hydraulic machine oil, and continuously and uniformly mixing; and finally, adding 2 parts of water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing. The compressive strength of the material is 1.25MPa, and the deformation modulus is 17.2 MPa.
Example 8:
firstly, 100 parts of barite powder with the particle size of 200 meshes and 0.02 part of polymer with the formula Ic are uniformly mixed, then the mixture is dried for 3 hours at 90 ℃ for dewatering, and the mixture is taken out and cooled to room temperature; adding 6 parts of No. 32 hydraulic machine oil into the dried barite powder and the polymer mixture of the formula Ic, uniformly mixing, and crushing the mixed material to the particle size of less than or equal to 1 mm; adding 3 parts of cement with the reference number of 625 into a mixture of barite powder, the polymer with the formula Ic and No. 32 hydraulic machine oil, and continuously and uniformly mixing; and finally, adding 2 parts of water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing. The compressive strength of the material is 4.16MPa, and the deformation modulus is 25.1 MPa.
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