CN108560259B - Method for improving bonding fastness of nano ZnO on modified polyester fabric - Google Patents
Method for improving bonding fastness of nano ZnO on modified polyester fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN108560259B CN108560259B CN201810350490.6A CN201810350490A CN108560259B CN 108560259 B CN108560259 B CN 108560259B CN 201810350490 A CN201810350490 A CN 201810350490A CN 108560259 B CN108560259 B CN 108560259B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 140
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/07—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof
- D06M11/11—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with halogens; with halogen acids or salts thereof; with oxides or oxyacids of halogens or salts thereof with halogen acids or salts thereof
- D06M11/155—Halides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
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- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/44—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table; Zincates; Cadmates
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- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/188—Monocarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
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- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/32—Polyesters
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- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/25—Resistance to light or sun, i.e. protection of the textile itself as well as UV shielding materials or treatment compositions therefor; Anti-yellowing treatments
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- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the bonding fastness of nano ZnO on a modified polyester fabric, which comprises the steps of dissolving low-molecular-weight chitosan in dilute acetic acid solution, soaking the chitosan into the polyester fabric treated by plasma, adopting two-soaking and two-rolling to ensure that the chitosan can fully permeate into the fabric, and pre-drying, baking and drying to obtain the modified polyester fabric; uniformly dispersing zinc oxide in the ultrapure water solution by adopting ultrasonic oscillation, adding magnesium chloride and a silane coupling agent, and fully stirring; and putting the modified polyester fabric into the solution, controlling the temperature and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation, padding the fabric in a two-padding and two-rolling manner, and pre-drying, baking and drying to obtain the functional modified polyester fabric for improving the bonding fastness of the nano ZnO. Compared with the prior art, the method can effectively improve the bonding fastness of ZnO and the modified polyester fabric, broadens the application range of the functional polyester fabric, and has simple process and convenient operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nano material functional finishing, and particularly relates to a method for improving the bonding fastness of nano ZnO on a modified polyester fabric.
Background
The nano ZnO has the advantages of good photocatalytic activity, excellent stability and heat resistance, no secondary pollution, no irritation, no toxicity to human bodies, low price and the like, and becomes a green environment-friendly photocatalytic material with the most development prospect at present. The ZnO has a forbidden band width of 3.27eV, can effectively absorb ultraviolet light, has good photocatalytic performance, and can convert pollutants attached to the surface of ZnO into water, carbon dioxide and other small molecular compounds by enabling electrons in ZnO to jump by absorbing energy in the ultraviolet light so as to form electron-hole pairs and enabling the pollutants to undergo redox reaction. Besides optical and photocatalytic properties, the nano ZnO material also has the properties of antifouling, disinfection, bacteriostasis, wetting and the like. The antifouling performance of the composite material mainly depends on the photocatalytic performance of a ZnO material, and the ZnO material can convert oxygen in water and air into active oxygen under certain illumination, so that organic dirt is damaged, and the self-cleaning effect is achieved. Therefore, after ZnO is treated on the polyester fabric, the antifouling efficiency of the fabric can be obviously enhanced; inhibit the growth of microorganisms and greatly prolong the service life of the fabric.
Polyester fibers have excellent physical and chemical properties and are favored in textile industries such as fabrics, bedding, clothes and the like and other industries. However, the surface of the fiber is smooth, and no hydrophilic group exists on a macromolecular chain, so that the polyester fiber is easy to generate static electricity, poor in hydrophilicity and poor in serviceability; and no group in the nano ZnO can be combined with the polyester fabric, so the nano ZnO can only exist on the surface of the fabric in a physical adsorption mode, and the nano ZnO does not have a strong chemical bond on the fabric, is easy to fall off, and causes the fabric to lose various excellent performances. The above problems all limit the popularization of functional textiles in the market, so that the problem of poor durability of ZnO on polyester fabrics is urgently needed to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that ZnO cannot be washed on polyester fabric in the prior art and provide a method for improving the bonding fastness of nano ZnO on modified polyester fabric. The preparation process can effectively improve the bonding fastness of ZnO and the modified polyester fabric, broadens the application range of the functional polyester fabric, and has simple process and convenient operation.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for improving the bonding fastness of nano ZnO on modified polyester fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving low molecular weight chitosan in dilute acetic acid solution;
(2) soaking the polyester fabric subjected to plasma treatment into the solution obtained in the step (1) for reaction, adopting two-soaking and two-rolling to enable chitosan to fully permeate into the fabric, and pre-drying, baking and drying to obtain a modified polyester fabric;
(3) uniformly dispersing zinc oxide in the ultrapure water solution by adopting ultrasonic oscillation;
(4) adding magnesium chloride into the solution obtained in the step (3), and fully stirring;
(5) adding a silane coupling agent into the solution obtained in the step (4), and fully stirring;
(6) and (3) putting the modified polyester fabric into the solution obtained in the step (5), controlling the temperature and carrying out ultrasonic oscillation, padding the fabric in a two-padding and two-rolling manner, and pre-drying, baking and drying to obtain the functional modified polyester fabric for improving the bonding fastness of the nano ZnO.
The concentration of the dilute acetic acid solution in the step (1) is 1-3 wt%.
The plasma treatment time in the step (2) is 3min-10min, the power is 30-80W, the plate spacing is controlled to be 2.5mm-10mm during the plasma treatment, the rolling residual rate of the second soaking and second rolling is 65% -85%, the pre-drying temperature is 60 ℃ -90 ℃, and the baking temperature is 120 ℃ -180 ℃.
The concentration of the zinc oxide in the step (3) is 14g/L-20 g/L.
The concentration of the magnesium oxide in the step (4) is 2g/L-3 g/L.
In the step (5), the silane coupling agent is N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, and the concentration of the silane coupling agent in the solution is 1-4 wt%.
In the step (6), the ultrasonic oscillation time is 0.5-2.5h, the ultrasonic oscillation frequency is 40KHz, the temperature is controlled at 30-60 ℃, the rolling residue rate of the second soaking and the second rolling is 65-90%, the pre-flood temperature is 70-90 ℃, and the baking temperature is 120-180 ℃.
When the silane coupling agent is brought into contact with water,hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions with water are easily caused as shown below. When the silane coupling agent is hydrolyzed, alkoxy in the coupling agent can be removed to form silicon hydroxyl; the silicon hydroxyl can react with OH in the solution under neutral or alkaline environment-Reacting to form silicon oxygen anions; and the silicon oxygen anions can attack silicon of another molecule to form a dimer, the silane coupling agent forms a polycondensate by the method, and the silane coupling agent contains a large amount of silicon hydroxyl and amino after polycondensation.
When ZnO is added to the system, the silicon oxide anions formed by hydrolysis will partially attack ZnO, thereby grafting the silane coupling agent to ZnO as shown below. ZnO treated by the coupling agent can be firmly combined with the coupling agent in a covalent bond mode.
The analysis shows that a large number of hydroxyl groups are formed after the silane coupling agent is hydrolyzed and condensed, and can react with hydroxyl and amino in the modified polyester fabric to form a strong chemical bond, so that the bonding fastness of the nano ZnO and the modified polyester fabric is improved.
Therefore, the silane coupling agent can be used as a 'molecular bridge' for connecting the modified polyester fabric and the nano ZnO, so that the bonding fastness of the nano ZnO on the modified polyester fabric is greatly improved, and the washing resistance is improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. aiming at the problem of poor durability of the nano zinc oxide and the polyester fabric, the nano zinc oxide, the magnesium chloride, the silane coupling agent KH602 and the modified polyester fabric are treated for 1 hour in ultrasonic oscillation at 40 ℃ by a one-step method, so that the nano zinc oxide is uniformly distributed on the surface of the polyester fabric. The method has the advantages of simple production process, short time consumption, energy conservation, convenient operation and easy popularization and large-scale production.
2. The nano ZnO modified polyester fabric prepared by the invention still has good photocatalysis and uvioresistant performance after being washed, and the physical and mechanical properties of the polyester fabric are not greatly influenced after being treated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of polyester fabric before and after modification;
FIG. 2 is a contact angle chart before and after modification of polyester fabric;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the ultraviolet resistance of nano ZnO modified polyester fabric before and after washing;
FIG. 4 is a photo-catalytic performance diagram of nano ZnO modified polyester fabric before and after washing;
FIG. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image of ZnO modified polyester fabric before and after washing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for improving the bonding fastness of nano ZnO on modified polyester fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving low molecular weight chitosan in dilute acetic acid solution with concentration of 1 wt%;
(2) soaking the polyester fabric subjected to plasma treatment into the solution obtained in the step (1) for reaction, wherein the plasma treatment time is 3min, the power is 80W, the plate spacing during the plasma treatment is controlled to be 2.5mm, chitosan can fully permeate into the fabric by adopting two-dipping and two-rolling, the rolling residual rate is 65%, pre-drying at 60 ℃, and drying at 120 ℃ to obtain the modified polyester fabric;
(3) uniformly dispersing zinc oxide in the ultrapure water solution by adopting ultrasonic oscillation, wherein the concentration of the zinc oxide is 14 g/L;
(4) adding magnesium chloride into the solution obtained in the step (3), wherein the concentration of magnesium oxide is 2g/L, and fully stirring;
(5) adding a silane coupling agent N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane into the solution obtained in the step (4), wherein the concentration of the silane coupling agent N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane in the solution is 1 wt%, and fully stirring;
(6) and (3) putting the modified polyester fabric into the solution obtained in the step (5), controlling the temperature to be 30 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 2.5h and the oscillation frequency to be 40KHz, carrying out padding on the fabric in a two-padding and two-rolling mode, wherein the padding rate is 65%, and carrying out pre-drying at 70 ℃ and drying at 120 ℃ to obtain the functional modified polyester fabric for improving the bonding fastness of the nano ZnO.
The dacron fabrics before and after modification are made into samples, the surface appearance of the dacron fabrics before and after modification is observed by a Czech FEI Quanta-250 type scanning electron microscope, and the result is shown in figure 1, wherein a, b and c are photos with different resolutions.
As shown in FIG. 1, a large number of pits appear on the surface of the polyester fabric subjected to plasma treatment; the surface of the polyester fabric modified by the low molecular weight chitosan treatment has a plurality of low molecular weight chitosans, and the hydrophilic property of the polyester fabric can be greatly improved.
Example 2
A method for improving the bonding fastness of nano ZnO on modified polyester fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving low molecular weight chitosan in dilute acetic acid solution with concentration of 2 wt%;
(2) soaking the polyester fabric subjected to plasma treatment into the solution obtained in the step (1) for reaction, wherein the plasma treatment time is 5min, the power is 40W, the plate spacing during the plasma treatment is controlled to be 5mm, chitosan can fully permeate into the fabric by adopting two-dipping and two-rolling, the rolling residual rate is 70%, and the modified polyester fabric is obtained by pre-drying at 80 ℃ and baking and drying at 150 ℃;
(3) uniformly dispersing zinc oxide in the ultrapure water solution by adopting ultrasonic oscillation, wherein the concentration of the zinc oxide is 16 g/L;
(4) adding magnesium chloride into the solution obtained in the step (3), wherein the concentration of magnesium oxide is 2g/L, and fully stirring;
(5) adding a silane coupling agent N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane into the solution obtained in the step (4), wherein the concentration of the silane coupling agent N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane in the solution is 2 wt%, and fully stirring;
(6) and (3) putting the modified polyester fabric into the solution obtained in the step (5), controlling the temperature to be 40 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 2 hours, controlling the oscillation frequency to be 40KHz, carrying out padding on the fabric in a two-padding and two-rolling mode, wherein the padding rate is 70%, carrying out pre-drying at 80 ℃, and carrying out baking and drying at 150 ℃ to obtain the functional modified polyester fabric for improving the binding fastness of the nano ZnO.
The capillary effect of the polyester fabric was measured by using a capillary effect measuring instrument of model YG871, and the results are shown in Table 1. The potassium permanganate is used as a test solution, and the fabric is vertically placed in a capillary effect tester for 30 min.
TABLE 1 before and after modification of Terylene fabrics
As can be seen from Table 1, the capillary effect of the polyester fabric treated by the plasma is 3.4cm/30min, and the capillary effect of the polyester fabric modified by the low molecular weight chitosan treatment is 6.3cm/30min, which is greatly improved compared with the capillary effect of the untreated polyester fabric of 2.8cm/30min, and the hydrophilic property of the polyester fabric is improved.
Example 3
A method for improving the bonding fastness of nano ZnO on modified polyester fabric comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving low molecular weight chitosan in dilute acetic acid solution with the concentration of 3 wt%;
(2) soaking the polyester fabric subjected to plasma treatment into the solution obtained in the step (1) for reaction, wherein the plasma treatment time is 10min, the power is 30W, the plate spacing during the plasma treatment is controlled to be 10mm, chitosan can fully permeate into the fabric by adopting two-dipping and two-rolling, the rolling residual rate is 85%, and the modified polyester fabric is obtained by pre-drying at 90 ℃ and baking and drying at 180 ℃;
(3) uniformly dispersing zinc oxide in the ultrapure water solution by adopting ultrasonic oscillation, wherein the concentration of the zinc oxide is 20 g/L;
(4) adding magnesium chloride into the solution obtained in the step (3), wherein the concentration of magnesium oxide is 3g/L, and fully stirring;
(5) adding a silane coupling agent N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane into the solution obtained in the step (4), wherein the concentration of the silane coupling agent N-beta- (aminoethyl) -gamma-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane in the solution is 4 wt%, and fully stirring;
(6) and (3) putting the modified polyester fabric into the solution obtained in the step (5), controlling the temperature to be 60 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 0.5h and the oscillation frequency to be 40KHz, carrying out padding on the fabric in a two-padding and two-rolling mode, wherein the padding rate is 90%, and carrying out pre-drying at 90 ℃ and baking and drying at 180 ℃ to obtain the functional modified polyester fabric for improving the bonding fastness of the nano ZnO.
By GermanyThe DSA30S company contact angle measuring instrument for measuring the contact angle of different modified polyester fabrics tests the hydrophilic effect of the fabrics, and the result is shown in FIG. 2.
As can be seen from FIG. 2, a is the untreated polyester fabric, the contact angle thereof is 83.7 degrees, b is the polyester fabric modified by the low molecular weight chitosan treatment, the contact angle thereof is reduced to 34.2 degrees, which proves that the hydrophilicity of the polyester fabric is effectively improved by the low molecular weight chitosan treatment modification.
Example 4
Before washing, the prepared nano ZnO modified polyester fabric is arranged on a UV-2000S type ultraviolet transmittance analyzer, and national standard is selected as a test standard for multiple tests; after ten washes, they were tested in the same manner and the results are shown in figure 3.
As can be seen from the curve in FIG. 3, the nano ZnO modified polyester fabric prepared by the one-step method has good ultraviolet resistance, the ultraviolet transmittance is lower than 8%, and the ultraviolet resistance of the fabric is hardly changed before and after washing.
Example 5
The photocatalytic performance of the nano ZnO modified polyester fabric is measured by a BL-GHX-V type photochemical reaction instrument of Shanghai Bilang instruments manufacturing company Limited, and the photocatalytic performance of the fabric is evaluated by respectively taking a mercury lamp and a xenon lamp as test lamps and the degradation rate of a methylene blue solution. The results are shown in a and b of FIG. 4.
As shown in FIG. 4, the nano ZnO modified polyester fabric has excellent photocatalytic performance under the irradiation of a mercury lamp or a xenon lamp, the degradation rate of the methylene blue solution reaches over 75% after the mercury lamp irradiates for 180min, the degradation rate of the methylene blue solution reaches 60% after the xenon lamp irradiates for 8h, and the degradation rate is almost unchanged after washing.
Example 6
The nano ZnO modified polyester fabric is prepared into a sample, and the shape of the nano ZnO modified polyester fabric is observed by adopting a scanning electron microscope of a model S-4800 of Hitachi company, and the result is shown in figure 5.
As can be seen from fig. 5(a), the surface of the nano ZnO-modified polyester fabric prepared by the one-step method can be completely covered by nano ZnO, but the surface particles are large and the diameters are all above 1 μm; as can be seen from fig. 5(b), after washing for 10 times, the large particles attached to the surface of the nano ZnO modified polyester fabric are almost completely removed by washing, but a large amount of fine and dense nano ZnO is grafted on the surface of the fabric.
Example 7
According to the GB/T8424.2-2001 method, a WSB-3A digital whiteness instrument of Wenzhou Darong textile instrument Limited company is adopted for testing, the nano ZnO modified polyester fabric is tested before and after washing, and the whiteness change of the fabric before and after finishing is evaluated; the nanometer ZnO modified polyester fabric is subjected to a strength test by adopting a YG (B)026D-250 type electronic fabric strength tester of Darong textile apparatus Co., Ltd, referring to a GBT3923.1-1997 method, and the original polyester fabric is used as a blank control. The results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 change of whiteness and breaking strength of polyester fabrics before and after finishing
Untreated polyester fabric | Nano ZnO modified polyester fabric | |
Whiteness (%) | 69.3% | 76.6% |
Breaking strength (N) | 3879 | 3866 |
As can be seen from table 2, the whiteness of the polyester fabric is 69.3%, while the whiteness of the nano ZnO-modified polyester fabric treated by the one-step method reaches 76.6%, and the whiteness of the treated polyester fabric is improved to some extent, so that the later-stage use is not affected; after finishing, the breaking strength of the polyester fabric is similar and is about 3870N, because the polyester has the performances of high strength, heat resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, and the original performance can be still maintained even under the treatment of high temperature and the like.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
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