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CN108555268B - Hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by seepage method and application method thereof - Google Patents

Hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by seepage method and application method thereof Download PDF

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CN108555268B
CN108555268B CN201810562458.4A CN201810562458A CN108555268B CN 108555268 B CN108555268 B CN 108555268B CN 201810562458 A CN201810562458 A CN 201810562458A CN 108555268 B CN108555268 B CN 108555268B
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seepage
aluminum
pipe
mold
piston
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CN108555268A (en
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张勇
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Zhang Beiang
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/08Alloys with open or closed pores

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Metallurgy (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses an upward hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by a seepage method and a use method thereof. The invention combines the piston pressurization and the vacuum pumping to guide the flow of the aluminum liquid, and the technical parameters such as seepage pressure, seepage speed and the like can be adjusted according to the requirements, thereby effectively improving the yield of the foamed aluminum production and improving the internal quality of the foamed aluminum plate.

Description

Hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by seepage method and application method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of foamed aluminum preparation, in particular to an upward hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by a seepage method and a using method thereof.
Background
The foamed aluminum is prepared by adding an additive into pure aluminum or aluminum alloy and then performing a foaming process, and has both metal and bubble characteristics. The composite material has the characteristics of small density, strong impact absorption capacity, high temperature resistance, sound insulation, noise reduction, filtering capacity and the like, and has wide application prospect.
In the process of preparing foamed aluminum materials by the percolation method in China, the low-pressure percolation method, the top piston extrusion method, the vacuumizing percolation method, the piston bottom injection extrusion method and other technological methods are generally adopted, and the principles and characteristics of the various methods are as follows:
(1) low-pressure seepage method: extruding the aluminum liquid in the crucible into a riser tube by adopting air pressure, filling the cavity with the riser tube, so that seepage particles in the cavity and the aluminum liquid form a complex, and taking out the seepage particles to obtain the foamed aluminum material;
(2) top piston extrusion method: the upper part of the cavity is extruded and poured with aluminum liquid on the upper parts of the compacted seepage particles by a piston, so that the aluminum liquid permeates into gaps of the seepage particles;
(3) vacuum pumping and seepage method: similar to the low-pressure seepage method, sucking aluminum liquid into the cavity by vacuumizing the upper part of the cavity to obtain a seepage particle and aluminum composite;
(4) the piston bottom injection extrusion method comprises the following steps: and pushing the aluminum liquid into the cavity from the lower part of the seepage cavity by using a hydraulic oil cylinder, a piston guide rod and the like to obtain a complex of seepage particles and aluminum.
The above methods have different disadvantages, among them: the low-pressure seepage method has the defects of low seepage pressure, high preheating temperature of seepage particles, high energy consumption and difficult control of the rising height of aluminum liquid; the top piston extrusion method has the defects that the liquid level is not a plane when the molten aluminum is filled, and the molten aluminum is not filled completely; the vacuum pumping method also has the defects of low seepage pressure, high preheating temperature of seepage particles, high energy consumption and difficult control of the rising height of the aluminum liquid; the piston bottom injection extrusion method has the defects of inconvenient operation of aluminum liquid injection and the like.
Therefore, a need exists in the art for providing an upper hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by a percolation method and a method for using the same to solve the above technical problems in the prior art and effectively improve the yield of foamed aluminum production and the inherent quality of the foamed aluminum product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an upper pressure hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by a seepage method and a use method thereof, which effectively improve the yield of foamed aluminum production and the internal quality of a foamed aluminum finished product by controlling the technological parameters such as seepage pressure, seepage speed and the like in the technological process of preparing a foamed aluminum plate by the seepage method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention discloses an upper pressure hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by a percolation method, which comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder, an aluminum liquid guide pipe, a crucible, a liquid lifting pipe, a percolation mold and an upper pressing plate, wherein the aluminum liquid guide pipe is fixed in the crucible in a U shape, an oil cylinder piston is arranged in the hydraulic oil cylinder, the oil cylinder piston is connected with a guide pipe piston through a piston connecting rod, the guide pipe piston is arranged at one end of the aluminum liquid guide pipe in a sliding manner, the other end of the aluminum liquid guide pipe, the liquid lifting pipe, the percolation mold and the upper pressing plate are sequentially connected from bottom to top, a metal net and a first asbestos gasket for sealing are arranged between the liquid lifting pipe and the percolation mold, a second asbestos gasket for sealing is arranged between the percolation mold and the upper pressing plate, an upper oil inlet and a lower oil inlet are arranged on the hydraulic oil cylinder, and an aluminum liquid inlet is arranged, seepage particles are arranged in the seepage die, and a vacuumizing pipe connector is arranged on the upper pressing plate.
Preferably, the aluminum liquid guide pipe is welded on the inner wall of the crucible.
Preferably, the aluminum liquid guide pipe is connected with the riser pipe through a flange.
Preferably, the lower surface of the flange surface at the lower end of the liquid lifting pipe is abutted against the edge of the crucible.
Preferably, the appearance of the upper press plate is of an inverted bowl-shaped structure, a vacuum pumping cavity is arranged at the upper end inside the upper press plate, the vacuum pumping pipe interface is communicated with the vacuum pumping cavity, and the lower portion of the vacuum pumping cavity is communicated with the seepage mold through a plurality of vacuum pumping pipelines.
Preferably, the inner diameters of the lift tube and the seepage die are large in top and small in bottom.
Preferably, the vacuum-pumping pipelines are uniformly distributed in the upper pressure plate, and the inner diameter of each vacuum-pumping pipeline is small at the top and large at the bottom.
Preferably, the vacuumizing pipelines are separated by wedge-shaped baffles, the wedge-shaped baffles are large in top and small in bottom, and first cooling water pipelines are arranged in the outer walls of the wedge-shaped baffles and the upper pressure plate.
Preferably, the outer side of the outer wall of the lift pipe is wound with a second cooling water pipeline.
The invention also discloses a use method of the upper hydraulic device for preparing the foamed aluminum by the seepage method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, firstly filling seepage particles into the seepage mold and compacting, and then putting the seepage mold and the seepage particles into a preheating furnace to preheat to a set temperature;
s2, taking out the seepage die and seepage particles and arranging the seepage die and the seepage particles above the lift pipe, and arranging a metal net and a first asbestos gasket for sealing between the lift pipe and the seepage die;
s3, placing an upper pressure plate above the seepage mold, and arranging a second asbestos gasket between the upper pressure plate and the seepage mold;
s4, heating the aluminum liquid in the crucible to a required temperature, extruding hydraulic oil through an upper oil inlet and an oil outlet of the oil cylinder, and enabling the guide pipe piston to move downwards, so that the aluminum liquid in the aluminum liquid guide pipe rises along the liquid lifting pipe and fills the seepage mold to form a seepage particle and aluminum composite; when the conduit piston is pressed down, a vacuumizing process is applied to the vacuumizing pipe joint, so that air in the seepage mold can be quickly evacuated, and gas in a formed seepage particle and aluminum composite body is reduced;
s5, stopping the process of pressing down and vacuumizing the guide pipe piston, taking out the compound body of the seepage particles and the aluminum, removing the particles in the later period and machining to obtain the qualified foamed aluminum material
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention combines the piston pressurization and the vacuum pumping to guide the flow of the aluminum liquid, and the technical parameters such as seepage pressure, seepage speed and the like can be adjusted according to the requirements, thereby effectively improving the yield of the foamed aluminum production and improving the internal quality of the foamed aluminum plate. On one hand, the aluminum liquid can directly enter the aluminum liquid guide pipe through the aluminum liquid inlet, and the aluminum liquid is convenient to fill; on the other hand, the defect of low suction pressure caused by a simple vacuum pumping mode is avoided, so that the air in the seepage mold can be quickly evacuated, and the gas in the formed seepage particle and aluminum composite body is effectively reduced; moreover, the jacking mode is converted into a pressing mode through the U-shaped aluminum liquid guide pipe, so that the rising height of the aluminum liquid is convenient to control.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by a percolation method according to the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1. a cylinder piston; 2. an upper oil inlet and an oil outlet; 3. a lower oil inlet and outlet; 4. hydraulic oil; 5. a hydraulic cylinder; 6. a piston connecting rod; 7. an aluminum liquid guide pipe; 8. a crucible; 9. a conduit piston; 10. an aluminum liquid inlet; 11. aluminum liquid; 12. a welding point; 13. a conduit flange; 14. a second cooling water line; 15. a metal mesh; 16. a first asbestos washer; 17. a riser tube; 18. percolating particles; 19. a second asbestos washer; 20. a seepage mold; 21. a first cooling water line; 22. a vacuum pumping pipeline; 23. vacuumizing the cavity; 24. an upper pressure plate; 25. and (4) vacuumizing a pipe interface.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide an upper pressure hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by a seepage method and a use method thereof, which effectively improve the yield of foamed aluminum production and the internal quality of a foamed aluminum finished product by controlling the technological parameters such as seepage pressure, seepage speed and the like in the technological process of preparing a foamed aluminum plate by the seepage method.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
As shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment provides an upper hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by a percolation method, which comprises a hydraulic oil cylinder 5, an aluminum liquid guide pipe 7, a crucible 8, a riser pipe 17, a percolation mold 20 and an upper pressure plate 24.
The molten aluminum conduit 7 is fixed in the crucible 8 in a U shape, and a welding point 12 is formed in the crucible 8 in a welding mode generally. The hydraulic cylinder 5 is internally provided with a cylinder piston 1, the cylinder piston 1 is connected with a conduit piston 9 through a piston connecting rod 6, the conduit piston 9 is arranged at one end of an aluminum liquid conduit 7 in a sliding manner, the other end of the aluminum liquid conduit 7, a riser pipe 17, a seepage die 20 and an upper pressure plate 24 are sequentially connected from bottom to top, a metal mesh 15 and a first asbestos gasket 16 for sealing are arranged between the riser pipe 17 and the seepage die 20, a second asbestos gasket 19 for sealing is arranged between the seepage die 20 and the upper pressure plate 24, the hydraulic cylinder 5 is provided with an upper oil inlet 2 and a lower oil inlet and outlet 3, the aluminum liquid conduit 7 is provided with an aluminum liquid inlet 10, seepage particles 18 are arranged in the seepage die 20, and the upper pressure plate 24 is provided with a vacuum pumping pipe.
When the hydraulic oil 4 flows into the hydraulic oil cylinder 5 from the upper oil inlet and outlet port 2 and flows out of the hydraulic oil cylinder 5 from the lower oil inlet and outlet port 3, the oil cylinder piston 1 moves downwards and drives the conduit piston 9 to move downwards in the aluminum liquid conduit 7. When the guide pipe piston 9 moves to cover the aluminum liquid inlet 10 on the aluminum liquid guide pipe 7, the guide pipe piston 9 continues to move downwards to press the aluminum liquid 11 in the aluminum liquid guide pipe 7 into the liquid lifting pipe 17 and the seepage mold 20 in sequence.
Further, a pipe flange 13 is arranged at the connecting end of the aluminum liquid guide pipe 7 and the lift pipe 17, and flange connections are respectively arranged between the aluminum liquid guide pipe 7 and the lift pipe 17, between the lift pipe 17 and the seepage mold 20, and between the seepage mold 20 and the upper pressure plate 24, so that the sealing performance is improved. The lower surface of the flange surface at the lower end of the liquid lifting pipe 17 is abutted against the edge of the crucible 8, so that the filtrate guide pipe is convenient to weld and position.
The upper press plate 24 is used for forming an evacuation chamber 23, and the gas in the seepage mold 20 firstly enters the evacuation chamber 23 and then is exhausted by the evacuation tube structure 25, so that the evacuation process is more stable.
Further, the shape of the upper press plate 24 is an inverted bowl-shaped structure, the upper end inside the upper press plate 24 is provided with a vacuum pumping cavity 23, the vacuum pumping pipe structure 25 is communicated with the vacuum pumping cavity 23, and the lower part of the vacuum pumping cavity 23 is communicated with the seepage mold 20 through a plurality of vacuum pumping pipelines 22.
Specifically, the plurality of vacuum lines 22 are uniformly distributed in the upper platen 24, and the vacuum lines 22 are separated by a wedge-shaped baffle.
In order to improve the forming efficiency, the first cooling water pipeline 21 is arranged in the outer walls of the wedge-shaped baffle and the upper pressure plate 24, and the second cooling water pipeline 14 is wound outside the outer wall of the lift pipe 17, so that the cooling forming speed of the aluminum liquid 11 is increased, and the phenomenon that the aluminum liquid 11 overflows from the upper pressure plate 24 and flows back from the lift pipe 17 is avoided.
Further, the inner diameters of the lift pipe 17 and the infiltration mold 20 are large at the top and small at the bottom, so as to control the rising speed of the liquid level of the aluminum liquid 11 and to take out the composite body of the infiltration particles 18 and the aluminum. The inner diameter of the vacuum-pumping pipeline 22 is small at the top and large at the bottom, and the wedge-shaped baffle is large at the top and small at the bottom, namely the cross-sectional area of the airflow channel is small at the top, so that the negative pressure value at the joint of the upper pressure plate 24 and the seepage mold 20 is smaller than that at the vacuum-pumping pipe structure 25, and stable vacuum pumping is realized.
The embodiment also provides a use method of the upper hydraulic device for preparing the foamed aluminum by the seepage method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, filling the seepage particles 18 into the seepage mold 20 and compacting, and then putting the seepage mold 20 and the seepage particles 18 into a preheating furnace to preheat to a set temperature;
s2, taking out the seepage die 20 and the seepage particles 18 and arranging the seepage particles above the lift pipe 17, and arranging the metal mesh 15 and the first asbestos gasket 16 for sealing between the lift pipe 17 and the seepage die 20;
s3, placing the upper pressing plate 24 above the seepage mold 20, and arranging a second asbestos gasket 19 between the upper pressing plate 24 and the seepage mold 20;
s4, heating the aluminum liquid 11 in the crucible 8 to a required temperature, extruding hydraulic oil 4 through the upper oil outlet 2 of the oil cylinder, and moving the conduit piston 9 downwards, so that the aluminum liquid 11 in the aluminum liquid conduit 7 rises along the liquid lifting pipe 17 and fills the seepage mold 20 to form a compound of seepage particles 18 and aluminum; when the conduit piston 9 is pressed down, a vacuumizing process is applied to the vacuumizing pipe joint, so that air in the seepage mold 20 is quickly exhausted, and gas in a formed composite body of the seepage particles 18 and aluminum is reduced;
s5, stopping the process of pressing down and vacuumizing the guide pipe piston 9, taking out the compound body of the seepage particles 18 and the aluminum, and obtaining the qualified foamed aluminum material after removing the particles and machining in the later period.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Claims (6)

1. An upper pressure hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by a seepage method is characterized by comprising a hydraulic oil cylinder, an aluminum liquid guide pipe, a crucible, a riser pipe, a seepage mold and an upper pressure plate, wherein the aluminum liquid guide pipe is fixed in the crucible in a U shape, an oil cylinder piston is arranged in the hydraulic oil cylinder, the oil cylinder piston is connected with a guide pipe piston through a piston connecting rod, the guide pipe piston is arranged at one end of the aluminum liquid guide pipe in a sliding manner, the other end of the aluminum liquid guide pipe, the riser pipe, the seepage mold and the upper pressure plate are sequentially connected from bottom to top, a metal mesh and a first asbestos gasket for sealing are arranged between the riser pipe and the seepage mold, a second asbestos gasket for sealing is arranged between the seepage mold and the upper pressure plate, an upper oil inlet and a lower oil inlet are arranged on the hydraulic oil cylinder, and an aluminum liquid inlet is arranged on the aluminum liquid guide, seepage particles are arranged in the seepage mold, and a vacuumizing pipe connector is arranged on the upper pressing plate;
the upper pressing plate is of an inverted bowl-shaped structure, a vacuum pumping cavity is arranged at the upper end inside the upper pressing plate, the vacuum pumping pipe interface is communicated with the vacuum pumping cavity, and the lower part of the vacuum pumping cavity is communicated with the seepage mold through a plurality of vacuum pumping pipelines;
the vacuum pumping device is characterized in that the inner diameters of the liquid lifting pipe and the seepage mold are large in the upper part and small in the lower part, the vacuum pumping pipelines are distributed in the upper pressing plate uniformly, the inner diameters of the vacuum pumping pipelines are large in the upper part and small in the lower part, the vacuum pumping pipelines are separated through wedge-shaped baffles, the wedge-shaped baffles are large in the upper part and small in the lower part, and first cooling water pipelines are arranged in the outer walls of the wedge-shaped baffles and the upper pressing plate.
2. The hydraulic apparatus for preparing foamed aluminum by percolation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aluminum liquid conduit is welded to the inner wall of the crucible.
3. The hydraulic apparatus for preparing foamed aluminum by percolation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aluminum liquid conduit is flanged with the riser tube.
4. The hydraulic apparatus for preparing foamed aluminum by percolation according to claim 3 wherein the lower surface of the flange surface at the lower end of the riser tube abuts against the edge of the crucible.
5. The hydraulic apparatus for producing foamed aluminum by percolation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the lift tube is wrapped with a second cooling water pipe.
6. Use of an upper hydraulic unit for the production of aluminium foam by percolation as defined in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1, firstly filling seepage particles into the seepage mold and compacting, and then putting the seepage mold and the seepage particles into a preheating furnace to preheat to a set temperature;
s2, taking out the seepage die and seepage particles and arranging the seepage die and the seepage particles above the lift pipe, and arranging a metal net and a first asbestos gasket for sealing between the lift pipe and the seepage die;
s3, placing an upper pressure plate above the seepage mold, and arranging a second asbestos gasket between the upper pressure plate and the seepage mold;
s4, heating the aluminum liquid in the crucible to a required temperature, extruding hydraulic oil through an upper oil inlet and an oil outlet of the oil cylinder, and enabling the guide pipe piston to move downwards, so that the aluminum liquid in the aluminum liquid guide pipe rises along the liquid lifting pipe and fills the seepage mold to form a seepage particle and aluminum composite; when the conduit piston is pressed down, a vacuumizing process is applied to the vacuumizing pipe joint, so that air in the seepage mold can be quickly evacuated, and gas in a formed seepage particle and aluminum composite body is reduced;
and S5, stopping the processes of pressing down and vacuumizing the guide pipe piston, taking out the compound body of the seepage particles and the aluminum, and removing the particles in the later period and machining to obtain the qualified foamed aluminum material.
CN201810562458.4A 2018-06-04 2018-06-04 Hydraulic device for preparing foamed aluminum by seepage method and application method thereof Active CN108555268B (en)

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CN110666139B (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-12-25 清华大学 Foam metal preparation device and preparation method and foam metal
CN112048683B (en) * 2020-09-03 2021-10-29 张素平 Fixing device with adjustable aluminothermic processing is used

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JPS5017298B1 (en) * 1971-04-19 1975-06-19
JPS5788963A (en) * 1980-11-20 1982-06-03 Toyota Motor Corp Feeder for casting machine
DE102006017104A1 (en) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-11 Kurtz Gmbh Production of light open-pore components made from e.g. metal comprises pouring the liquid material into a casting device, positioning a core stack in a casting mold, casting and removing the core
KR100716835B1 (en) * 2006-04-25 2007-05-09 현대자동차주식회사 Low Pressure Casting Machine
CN102773461A (en) * 2012-07-26 2012-11-14 无锡蠡湖叶轮制造有限公司 Vacuum pressure injection furnace
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CN107695322B (en) * 2017-09-29 2019-07-05 张勇 A kind of device and preparation method thereof preparing foamed aluminium or foam copper

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Effective date of registration: 20200930

Address after: 255000, No. 1, unit 6, Kerry garden, Renmin West Road, Renmin West Road, Zhangdian District, Shandong, Zibo

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Address before: 255000, No. 1, unit 6, Kerry garden, Renmin West Road, Renmin West Road, Zhangdian District, Shandong, Zibo

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