CN108547601B - Hydraulic directional spray gun for horizontal well - Google Patents
Hydraulic directional spray gun for horizontal well Download PDFInfo
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- CN108547601B CN108547601B CN201810566801.2A CN201810566801A CN108547601B CN 108547601 B CN108547601 B CN 108547601B CN 201810566801 A CN201810566801 A CN 201810566801A CN 108547601 B CN108547601 B CN 108547601B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
- E21B43/118—Gun or shaped-charge perforators characterised by lowering in vertical position and subsequent tilting to operating position
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas well yield-increasing fracturing operation, in particular to a horizontal well hydraulic directional spray gun, which comprises a directional tooth-dividing hydraulic cylinder, an envelope sleeve, directional steel balls, a thrust bearing and a nozzle, wherein the directional tooth-dividing hydraulic cylinder and an upper joint form an annular space, a reset spring is arranged in the annular space, the right end part of the upper joint is connected with an upper shell, the envelope sleeve is sleeved in the upper shell, a central rod penetrates through the envelope sleeve and is connected to an internal thread at the right end of the directional tooth-dividing hydraulic cylinder, a closed space is formed among the upper shell, the directional tooth-dividing hydraulic cylinder and the envelope sleeve, the directional steel balls are placed in the space, the right end of the upper shell is in threaded connection with a connecting sleeve, the thrust bearings are symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the connecting sleeve, and the right end of the envelope sleeve is connected to a spray gun shell. The invention can realize forced orientation of the spray gun shell in a hydraulic driving mode, has high orientation success rate, can be reused after tool maintenance and has lower cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas well yield increasing fracturing operation, in particular to a hydraulic directional spray gun for a horizontal well.
Background
In recent years, the production increasing operation is becoming the most important operation content of the oil and gas field. The hydraulic perforation and then hydraulic fracturing are main forms of fracturing, so that the productivity of an oil-gas well can be further expanded, and the recovery ratio is improved. Years of operation verification shows that the yield is very reliable and the yield is very high through the hydraulic perforation fracturing yield increasing operation. However, in some horizontal wells, the oil gas in the vertical direction is unevenly distributed in the horizontal section, and a water layer exists in some directions, so that once the perforation is led to the water layer, the water layer can be communicated with a shaft during fracturing, and a great amount of water is discharged from the oil gas well, so that the production is seriously influenced.
At present, mechanical directional perforation and cable type directional perforation technologies are used for solving the problem of water outlet in a well after fracturing caused by uneven distribution of an oil layer of a horizontal well. The mechanical directional perforating tool is provided with eccentric weights near the perforating parts, and the gun orientation is realized by means of gravity in the well, so that the mode is greatly influenced by the environment in the well, and the operation success rate is lower. The cable type directional perforation technology relies on gyroscopes to achieve well orientation, and the operation mode is extremely high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the technical problems, the invention provides the hydraulic directional spray gun for the horizontal well, which can realize forced orientation of the perforating gun by pushing the pressure in the well, and has the advantages of remarkable effect and lower cost.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a horizontal well hydraulic pressure directional spray gun, includes directional minute tooth hydraulic cylinder, envelope cover, directional steel ball, thrust bearing and nozzle, directional minute tooth hydraulic cylinder cup joints inside the top connection to form the annular space with the top connection, the annular space in set up reset spring, the right-hand member and the upper portion shell of top connection are connected, the inside cover of upper portion shell be equipped with the envelope cover, the center rod pass envelope cover internal connection to directional minute tooth hydraulic cylinder right-hand member on the internal thread, form a airtight space between upper portion shell, directional minute tooth hydraulic cylinder and the envelope cover, place directional steel ball in this space, upper portion shell right-hand member and adapter sleeve threaded connection, the both ends symmetry of adapter sleeve set up thrust bearing, the right-hand member of envelope cover pass through threaded connection on the spray gun shell, set up a plurality of nozzle on the spray gun shell right-hand member and pass the rotatory adapter sleeve of rotatory shell inside and pass through threaded connection, form inside boss between rotatory shell and the rotatory adapter sleeve, inside in set up two thrust bearings, rotatory shell right-hand member and lower joint through threaded connection.
Further, the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder is of a cylinder structure, 10-16 grooves are formed in the front end portion of the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder at equal intervals along the circumferential direction and used as tooth separating gaps for orientation, and the length of the tooth separating gaps is 5-10cm.
Further, an envelope is arranged in the envelope sleeve, and a long groove with the diameter capable of accommodating the steel balls is arranged at the bottom of the envelope. The steel balls can roll into the long grooves conveniently, and finally the orientation is stable.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention can realize forced orientation of the spray gun shell in a hydraulic driving mode, has high orientation success rate, can be reused after tool maintenance and has lower cost. The spray gun and the long groove in the envelope sleeve are fixed as required during ground installation. When the tool is lowered into the horizontal well section, the directional steel balls roll down to the lowest part of the annulus under the action of gravity. At the moment, the pressure in the pipe column is increased, the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder moves forwards under the hydraulic pushing, and steel balls falling into the lowest part in the moving process can fall into tooth separating gaps closest to the steel balls. At this time, the orientation is completed, and only in the forward moving process, the steel balls are contacted with the envelope inside the envelope, so that the envelope is pushed to rotate. The envelope sleeve drives the spray gun housing to rotate, and finally the orientation of the spray nozzle is realized.
Drawings
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the directional tooth-separating hydraulic cylinder of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an envelope sleeve according to the present invention;
in the figure: 1 is an upper joint, 2 is a return spring, 3 is a directional tooth-dividing hydraulic cylinder, 4 is an upper shell, 5 is an envelope sleeve, 6 is a directional steel ball, 7 is a center rod, 8 is a thrust bearing, 9 is a connecting sleeve, 10 is a spray gun shell, 11 is a nozzle, 12 is a rotary shell, 13 is a rotary inner connecting sleeve, 14 is a lower joint, 15 is a tooth-dividing gap, 16 is an envelope, and 17 is a long groove.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-3, a horizontal well hydraulic directional spray gun comprises a directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3, an envelope sleeve 5, directional steel balls 6, a thrust bearing 8 and nozzles 11, wherein the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 is sleeved inside an upper joint 1 and forms an annular space with the upper joint 1, a reset spring 2 is arranged in the annular space, the right end part of the upper joint 1 is connected with an upper shell 4, the envelope sleeve 5 is sleeved inside the upper shell 4, a center rod 7 passes through the envelope sleeve 5 and is internally connected to internal threads at the right end of the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3, a closed space is formed among the upper shell 4, the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 and the envelope sleeve 5, the directional steel balls 6 are placed in the space, the right end of the upper shell 4 is in threaded connection with a connecting sleeve 9, the thrust bearings 8 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the connecting sleeve 9, the right end of the envelope sleeve 5 is connected to a spray gun shell 10 through threads, a plurality of nozzles 11 are arranged on the spray gun shell 10, the right end of the spray gun shell 10 is connected with a rotary inner connecting sleeve 13 passing through the inside a rotary inner shell 12 through threads, an inner boss 12 is formed between the rotary shell 12 and the rotary inner connecting sleeve 13, and two inner end parts are respectively connected with a lower thrust bearing 8 through threads 14.
The directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 is of a cylindrical structure, 10 grooves are formed in the front end portion of the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction and used as tooth separating gaps 15 for orientation, and the length of the tooth separating gaps 15 is 5cm.
An envelope 16 is arranged in the envelope sleeve 5, and a long groove 17 with the diameter capable of accommodating the steel balls is arranged at the bottom of the envelope 16. The steel balls can roll into the long grooves conveniently, and finally the orientation is stable.
Example 2:
the utility model provides a horizontal well hydraulic directional spray gun, including directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3, envelope sleeve 5, directional steel ball 6, thrust bearing 8 and nozzle 11, directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 cup joints in the top connection 1 inside, and form the annular space with top connection 1, set up reset spring 2 in the annular space, the right-hand member of top connection 1 is connected with upper portion shell 4, the inside cover of upper portion shell 4 is equipped with envelope sleeve 5, center rod 7 passes envelope sleeve 5 internal connection to directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 right-hand member's internal thread on, form a confined space between upper portion shell 4, directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 and envelope sleeve 5, place directional steel ball 6 in this space, upper portion shell 4 right-hand member and adapter sleeve 9 threaded connection, thrust bearing 8 is set up to the both ends symmetry of adapter sleeve 9, the right-hand member of envelope sleeve 5 passes through threaded connection on spray gun shell 10, spray gun shell 10 right-hand member and pass through the inside rotatory joint 13 of rotatory shell 12 and pass through threaded connection, form inside boss between rotatory shell 12 and the rotatory interior joint 13, inside boss sets up two right-hand member 8 and connect through the lower extreme and connect 14 with the lower thread connection.
The directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 is of a cylindrical structure, 16 grooves are formed in the front end portion of the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction and used as tooth separating gaps 15 for orientation, and the length of the tooth separating gaps 15 is 10cm.
An envelope 16 is arranged in the envelope sleeve 5, and a long groove 17 with the diameter capable of accommodating the steel balls is arranged at the bottom of the envelope 16. The steel balls can roll into the long grooves conveniently, and finally the orientation is stable.
Example 3:
the utility model provides a horizontal well hydraulic directional spray gun, including directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3, envelope sleeve 5, directional steel ball 6, thrust bearing 8 and nozzle 11, directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 cup joints in the top connection 1 inside, and form the annular space with top connection 1, set up reset spring 2 in the annular space, the right-hand member of top connection 1 is connected with upper portion shell 4, the inside cover of upper portion shell 4 is equipped with envelope sleeve 5, center rod 7 passes envelope sleeve 5 internal connection to directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 right-hand member's internal thread on, form a confined space between upper portion shell 4, directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 and envelope sleeve 5, place directional steel ball 6 in this space, upper portion shell 4 right-hand member and adapter sleeve 9 threaded connection, thrust bearing 8 is set up to the both ends symmetry of adapter sleeve 9, the right-hand member of envelope sleeve 5 passes through threaded connection on spray gun shell 10, spray gun shell 10 right-hand member and pass through the inside rotatory joint 13 of rotatory shell 12 and pass through threaded connection, form inside boss between rotatory shell 12 and the rotatory interior joint 13, inside boss sets up two right-hand member 8 and connect through the lower extreme and connect 14 with the lower thread connection.
The directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 is of a cylindrical structure, 12 grooves are formed in the front end portion of the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder 3 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction and used as tooth separating gaps 15 for orientation, and the length of the tooth separating gaps 15 is 8cm.
An envelope 16 is arranged in the envelope sleeve 5, and a long groove 17 with the diameter capable of accommodating the steel balls is arranged at the bottom of the envelope 16. The steel balls can roll into the long grooves conveniently, and finally the orientation is stable.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the spray gun is connected with the ground, the spray nozzle on the spray gun shell is installed according to the requirement and has a certain angle corresponding relation with the long groove on the envelope sleeve. The steel balls are always positioned at the lowest annulus in a free state under the action of gravity when the pipe string is positioned at the horizontal or approximate horizontal position. When the pressure in the pipe column is raised, the directional tooth-separating hydraulic cylinder is pushed by hydraulic force to move the compression spring forwards. When the front tooth moves to the steel ball position, the steel ball is pushed into the tooth groove closest to the lowest part. The directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder continuously moves forwards, and the steel balls fall into the tooth separating grooves to move along with the tooth separating grooves. When the steel ball moves to contact with the envelope of the envelope sleeve, the steel ball pushes the envelope sleeve to rotate until the steel ball falls into the long groove. The directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder and the upper joint are locked in the direction through a key groove (not shown in the figure, and bearings are arranged at the front and the rear of the rotating part of the rear envelope sleeve, so that the friction force is small, and the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder keeps the direction of the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder from rotating in the process of pushing the envelope sleeve to rotate by the steel balls, so that the steel balls are always positioned at the lowest part of the gravity direction), and when the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder falls into the long groove, the long groove is positioned at the lowest part of the gravity. Because the nozzles on the spray gun shell have a certain angle corresponding relation with the long groove setting during surface installation, the hydraulic control of the nozzles is realized under the well orientation at the moment, and then the oriented perforation fracturing operation can be performed. After the directional perforation fracturing of the section of formation is completed. And discharging the pressure in the pipe column, and returning the directional tooth-separating hydraulic cylinder to the initial position under the action of a spring. At this time, the steel ball is also returned to the original position. And continuing to lower the tubular column to perform the next section of directional perforation fracturing operation.
The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention in any way, but any simple modification or equivalent variation of the above embodiment according to the technology of the present invention falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a horizontal well hydraulic pressure directional spray gun, its characterized in that includes directional minute tooth hydraulic cylinder, envelope cover, directional steel ball, thrust bearing and nozzle, directional minute tooth hydraulic cylinder cup joint in the upper joint inside to form the annular space with the upper joint, the annular space in set up reset spring, the right-hand member and the upper portion shell of upper joint are connected, the inside cover of upper portion shell be equipped with the envelope cover, the center pole passes envelope cover internal connection to directional minute tooth hydraulic cylinder right-hand member on the internal thread, form a airtight space between upper portion shell, directional minute tooth hydraulic cylinder and the envelope cover, place directional steel ball in this space, upper portion shell right-hand member and adapter sleeve threaded connection, the both ends symmetry of adapter sleeve set up thrust bearing, the right-hand member of envelope cover pass through threaded connection on the spray gun shell, set up a plurality of nozzle on the spray gun shell right-hand member and pass the inside swivel joint cover of swivel housing and pass through threaded connection, form inside thrust bearing between swivel housing and the swivel joint cover, inside boss in the inside set up two thrust bearing in the inside, swivel housing right-hand member and lower swivel joint pass through threaded connection.
2. The horizontal well hydraulic directional spray gun according to claim 1, wherein the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder is of a cylindrical structure, 10-16 grooves are formed in the front end portion of the directional tooth separating hydraulic cylinder at equal intervals along the circumferential direction and used as tooth separating gaps for orientation, and the length of the tooth separating gaps is 5-10cm.
3. The horizontal well hydraulic directional spray gun according to claim 1, wherein an envelope is arranged in the envelope sleeve, and a long groove with the diameter capable of accommodating steel balls is arranged at the bottom of the envelope.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810566801.2A CN108547601B (en) | 2018-06-05 | 2018-06-05 | Hydraulic directional spray gun for horizontal well |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810566801.2A CN108547601B (en) | 2018-06-05 | 2018-06-05 | Hydraulic directional spray gun for horizontal well |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108547601A CN108547601A (en) | 2018-09-18 |
| CN108547601B true CN108547601B (en) | 2023-08-11 |
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| CN201810566801.2A Active CN108547601B (en) | 2018-06-05 | 2018-06-05 | Hydraulic directional spray gun for horizontal well |
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