CN108535179A - The linear reciprocal shearing motion mechanical property testing platform of particulate matter - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a test platform for the mechanical properties of linear reciprocating shear motion of granular materials, which comprises a charging box for loading granular materials to be tested, an upper splint is arranged in the charging mechanism and reciprocates along the horizontal direction; it is arranged on the upper splint The lower splint below is used to support the upper splint and reciprocates synchronously with the upper splint. The gap between the lower splint and the upper splint is arranged and the two are connected by a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is used to collect particulate matter acting on the vertical direction of the upper and lower splints. The force in the vertical direction of the pressure, the driving mechanism is used to drive the upper splint and the lower splint to reciprocate in the horizontal direction, and the driving mechanism is equipped with a tangential force sensor for collecting the sliding friction force of the upper and lower splints in the horizontal direction. The experimental equipment is relatively complete , the measurement results are relatively accurate, and it can accurately measure the friction coefficient of the granular material and monitor the evolution process of the macroscopic mechanical properties of the granular system in the process of reciprocating shearing motion in real time, so as to explore the complex mechanical properties of the granular material.

Description

Linear reciprocating shear motion mechanical properties test platform for particulate matter

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of granular material testing equipment, in particular to a testing platform for linear reciprocating shear motion mechanical properties of granular material.

Background technique

Particulate matter is a complex system composed of a large number of discrete solid particles interacting with each other. It has special motion laws different from ordinary solids and fluids, and exhibits complex mechanical properties. It is one of the frontiers of solid state physics research. Many natural disasters, such as avalanches, debris flows, and landslides, are closely related to the mechanical properties of particulate matter. The formation, triggering, and slippage of fault zones in earthquake disasters largely depend on the movement properties of particulate matter. Shearing is a relatively common movement mode in the granular system, which is relatively common in our lives. Exploring the mechanical properties of granular materials during the shearing process has also become one of the hot spots in scientific research.

In the experimental equipment for the mechanical research of granular matter, the general experimental equipment is simple and crude, especially in the process of shearing motion, most of which can only measure a single shearing process, and cannot obtain the macroscopic mechanics of granular matter in the reciprocating process. The change process of the characteristics, in view of the above problems, the present invention can measure the friction coefficient of the granular material more accurately and monitor the evolution process of the macroscopic mechanical properties of the granular system in the process of reciprocating shearing motion in real time, so as to explore the complex mechanical properties of the granular material.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new test platform for the mechanical properties of linear reciprocating shear motion of granular materials, which can accurately measure the friction coefficient of granular materials and monitor the evolution of the macroscopic mechanical properties of the particle system during the reciprocating shear motion in real time. process to explore the complex mechanical properties of granular materials.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A test platform for the mechanical properties of linear reciprocating shear motion of particulate matter,

The charging box is used to load the particulate matter to be tested;

The upper splint is arranged in the charging mechanism and moves back and forth along the horizontal direction;

The lower splint is arranged below the upper splint and is used to support the upper splint and move back and forth synchronously with the upper splint;

The lower splint and the upper splint are arranged in a gap and the two are connected by a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is used to collect the pressure in the vertical direction of the upper splint and the lower splint;

The driving mechanism is used to drive the upper splint and the lower splint to reciprocate in the horizontal direction;

The driving mechanism is provided with a tangential force sensor for collecting the horizontal sliding friction force of the upper splint and the lower splint.

The present invention also has the following features:

The board surfaces of the upper splint and the lower splint are arranged horizontally and in parallel at intervals, a support mechanism is provided on the lower surface of both ends of the lower splint, and a normal force sensor is arranged below the support mechanism.

The charging box has a rectangular shape, and through holes are provided on both side walls of the charging box. The upper splint and the lower splint protrude from the through hole and are arranged in a gap with the upper and lower walls of the through hole. The supporting mechanism is provided with On the outside of the box walls on both sides of the charging box.

The working area of the pressure sensor is in the shape of a disc. The pressure sensor is arranged vertically and its upper and lower ends respectively abut against the upper and lower surfaces of the upper splint and the lower splint. The pressure sensor is arranged along the length direction of the upper splint and the lower splint. There are two interval settings.

A rubber washer is provided at the abutting end of the pressure sensor and the upper splint.

The support mechanism includes support balls arranged on the box walls on both sides of the charging box, the support balls are fixed on the upper end of the normal force sensor, and the normal force sensor is fixed on the upper end of the vertically adjusting die table.

One end of the lower clamping plate and the upper clamping plate are respectively provided with first and second through holes, the cores of the first and second through holes are arranged vertically and concentrically, the driving mechanism includes a connecting plate, and the connecting plate The end of the board is provided with a floating pin, and the floating pin is vertical and penetrates in the first and second through holes, and the diameter of the first and second through holes is larger than the rod diameter of the floating pin.

The drive mechanism includes an adjusting die table arranged on the worktable, one end of the connecting plate is fixed on the adjusting die table, a servo motor is arranged on the work table, and a screw rod is arranged on the output shaft of the servo motor , the screw rod is matched with the nut of the adjusting mold table, the length direction of the screw rod is horizontal and parallel to the connecting plate, a displacement sensor is also arranged on the workbench, and the displacement sensor is rod-shaped and parallel to the screw rod , the rod end of the displacement sensor points to the adjustment die table.

A test method for the mechanical properties of the shear motion of particulate matter, the test method adopts the above-mentioned testing platform for the linear reciprocating shear motion mechanical properties of particulate matter, and the test method includes the following steps:

Step 1: Place the two pressure sensors on the upper surface of the lower splint, set the upper splint cover above the two pressure sensors, and extend the assembly formed by the upper splint, lower splint and two pressure sensors out of the charging box The through holes provided on the box walls on both sides allow the lower splint to be arranged on the support balls of the support mechanism, so that the lower splint is in contact with the support balls;

Step 2: Adjust the vertical adjustment mold table so that the upper splint and the surface of the upper splint are in a horizontal state, and at the same time ensure that the assembly formed by the upper splint, the upper splint and two pressure sensors and the charging box maintain a gap arrangement ;

Step 3: Put the granular material into the charging box, and make the granular material not pass the upper surface of the upper splint;

Step 4: Adjust the vertical adjustment module so that the upper splint is in contact with the supporting ball of the supporting mechanism;

Step 5: Adjust and adjust the mold table so that the connecting plate is in horizontal contact with the upper end of the tangential force sensor, use bolts to fix the connecting plate on the upper end of the tangential force sensor, and fix the tangential force sensor on the adjusting mold table;

Step 6: Apply a heavy object to the mouth of the charging box, and start the driving mechanism to make the assembly formed by the upper splint, the lower splint and the two pressure sensors reciprocate in the horizontal direction;

Step 7: Connect the data collected by the pressure sensor, the normal force sensor, the tangential force sensor and the displacement sensor to the computer through the acquisition card, and use the computer to obtain the mechanical characteristic data of the shear motion of the particulate matter.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are reflected in: the experimental equipment is more complete, the measurement results are more accurate, the friction coefficient of the granular material can be accurately measured and the change of the particle system during the reciprocating shearing motion can be monitored in real time. To explore the complex mechanical properties of granular materials.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 and Figure 2 are structural schematic diagrams of two viewing angles of the test platform for the linear reciprocating shear motion mechanical properties of particulate matter;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the testing platform for the mechanical properties of the linear reciprocating shear motion of the particulate matter after it is removed from the driving mechanism;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the testing platform for the mechanical properties of the linear reciprocating shear motion of particulate matter after the drive mechanism and the upper splint are removed;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the cooperation of the upper splint, the lower splint, the connecting plate and the charging box;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a normal force sensor and a supporting mechanism.

Detailed ways

In conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, the present invention is described further:

A test platform for the mechanical properties of linear reciprocating shear motion of particulate matter, characterized in that:

The charging box 10 is used for loading the particulate matter to be tested;

The upper splint 20 is arranged in the charging mechanism 10 and reciprocates along the horizontal direction;

The lower splint 30 is arranged below the upper splint 20 and is used to support the upper splint 20 and move back and forth synchronously with the upper splint 20;

The lower splint 30 and the upper splint 20 are arranged in a gap and connected by a pressure sensor 40, the pressure sensor 40 is used to collect the vertical pressure of the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30;

The driving mechanism is used to drive the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction;

The driving mechanism is provided with a tangential force sensor 50 for collecting the horizontal sliding friction force of the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30;

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the above-mentioned linear mechanical property test of particulate matter is composed of two upper splints 20 and lower splints 30 arranged at intervals during the actual test, and a pressure sensor is arranged in the gap between the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30 40. When the particulate matter is loaded in the charging box 10, the particulate matter is in contact with the upper surface of the experimental board 20 and the lower surface of the support plate 30, so that the particulate matter can be effectively collected and transferred to the experimental board 20 and the support plate 30 force in the vertical direction;

During the process of driving the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction by the above-mentioned driving mechanism, the above-mentioned tangential force sensor 50 can be used to obtain the frictional force generated when the particulate matter is applied to the experimental plate 20 and the support plate 30 when they move horizontally , through the mechanical signal data obtained by post-processing analysis, the variation characteristics of the friction coefficient between the particulate matter and the plane can be obtained;

The above-mentioned upper splint 20 can be provided with different support surfaces according to actual test requirements, such as frosted surface, rough surface, plane, etc., so that according to the actual situation, it is possible to obtain the difference between the granular material and different planes, and the distance between the granular material and the granular material. Variations in the coefficient of friction.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the board surfaces of the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30 are arranged horizontally and in parallel at intervals, the lower plates at both ends of the lower splint 30 are provided with a support mechanism 60, and the support mechanism 60 is provided with a normal force sensor 70;

In order to realize the effective support of the above-mentioned upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30, it can be obtained by using the normal force sensor 70 on the above-mentioned support mechanism 60. The above-mentioned normal force sensor 70 can read the support mechanism 60 to implement the lower splint 30, the supporting force is the vertical separation of a part of the upper splint 20 applied by the particulate matter, and the sum of the pressure value obtained by the normal force sensor 70 and the pressure value obtained by the pressure sensor 40 is the particle matter applied to the upper splint 20. The pressure of the splint 20, so the above structure can effectively improve the accuracy of the vertical pressure value;

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 , the charging box 10 is rectangular, and the two side walls of the charging box 10 are provided with through holes 11, and the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30 protrude through the The hole 11 is arranged in a gap with the upper and lower hole walls of the through hole 11, and the support mechanism 60 is arranged on the outside of the box walls on both sides of the charging box 10;

The above-mentioned supporting mechanism 60 is arranged on the outside of the box wall on both sides of the charging box 10, so as to realize the support to the two ends of the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30, so that the upper and lower walls of the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30 and the through hole 11 Form a gap, thereby avoiding the impact of the through hole 11 of the charging box 10 on the measurement results during the movement, and the normal force sensor 70 can also monitor the pressure sensor 40 attached to the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30 by the support mechanism 60. degree of influence, and adjust the positions of the upper clamping plate 20 and the lower clamping plate 30 through the readings of the normal sensor 70 .

In order to obtain accurate pressure signals, the working area of the pressure sensor 40 is in a disc-shaped structure. The pressure sensor 40 is arranged vertically and its upper and lower ends respectively abut against the upper and lower surfaces of the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30. The pressure Two sensors 40 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30;

The above-mentioned pressure sensor 40 has a circular working area, and the pressure sensor 40 is closely bonded to the inner side of the upper splint 20 (or the lower splint 30);

Further, the abutting end of the pressure sensor 40 and the upper splint 20 is provided with a rubber washer, and the above-mentioned rubber washer is used for the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30, and can also act on the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30. The force of the pressure sensor is relatively evenly transmitted to the pressure sensor 40 to improve the measurement accuracy; in addition, the above-mentioned rubber gasket can also facilitate the adjustment of the gap between the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30;

Both sides of the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30 are closed to prevent particulate matter from entering the gap between the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30 .

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the support mechanism 60 includes support balls 61 arranged on the walls of both sides of the loading box 10 , and the support balls 61 are fixed on the upper end of the normal force sensor 70 , so The normal force sensor 70 is fixed on the upper end of the vertical adjustment die table 62;

The design of the support ball 61 can utilize the vertical adjustment mold table 62 to adjust the position of the upper clamping plate 20 and the lower clamping plate 30, to ensure the levelness of the upper clamping plate 20 and the lower clamping plate 30 and to make the movement more stable, thereby making the measurement data more stable and accurate.

More preferably, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 , one end of the lower clamping plate 30 and the upper clamping plate 20 are respectively provided with first and second through holes 31, 21, and the first and second through holes Holes 31 and 21 are arranged vertically and concentrically. The driving mechanism includes a connecting plate 80. The end of the connecting plate 80 is provided with a floating pin 81. The floating pin 81 is vertical and inserted in the first 1. In the second through holes 31, 21, the diameters of the first and second through holes 31, 21 are larger than the rod diameter of the floating pin 81;

The rod diameter of the above-mentioned floating pin 81 is smaller than the apertures of the first and second through holes 31, 21, so as to avoid the supporting force generated by the floating pin 81 on the vertical direction of the lower clamping plate 30 and the upper clamping plate 20, and ensure The middle connecting plate does not affect the reading of the pressure sensor 40 in the shear box, and the floating pin 81 is directly penetrated in the first and second through holes 31, 21 to realize the reciprocating movement of the shear box.

In order to realize the reciprocating movement of the lower splint 30 and the upper splint 20 in the horizontal direction, the drive mechanism includes an adjustment die table 82 arranged on the workbench 90, and the tangential force sensor 50 is fixed on the adjustment die table 82. One end of the connecting plate 80 is fixed on the tangential force sensor 50, the workbench 90 is provided with a servo motor 83, and the output shaft of the servo motor 83 is provided with a screw 831, and the screw 831 is connected with the adjustment die table. 82, the length direction of the screw rod 831 is horizontal and parallel to the connecting plate 80, the workbench 90 is also provided with a displacement sensor 84, the displacement sensor 84 is rod-shaped and parallel to the screw rod 831, the The rod end of above-mentioned displacement sensor 84 points to adjustment die table 82;

The above-mentioned tangential force sensor 50 is a three-dimensional force sensor, and the tangential force sensor 50 is only used to obtain the mechanical signal in the horizontal direction, that is, the frictional force generated when the particulate matter moves horizontally to the plane;

The above-mentioned displacement sensor 84 is used to collect the horizontal reciprocating distance of the assembly formed by the upper clamping plate 20 , the lower clamping plate 30 and the two pressure sensors 40 .

As shown in FIG. 6 , the above-mentioned vertically adjusting mold table 62 includes a first support plate 621 fixed on the workbench 90, and a guide rail is vertically provided on the first support plate 621, and a second support plate is provided on the guide rail. plate 622, the second support plate 622 is provided with a support column 6221, the first support plate 621 is rotatably provided with an adjustment bracket 623, and one end of the adjustment bracket 623 is provided with a ball 6231 to abut against the lower end of the support column 6221. Rely on, the other end of the adjustment bracket 623 abuts against the rod end of the adjustment screw 624;

By turning the adjustment screw 624 , the ball 6231 of the adjustment bracket 623 abuts against the lower end of the support column 6221 , thereby adjusting the height of the second support plate 622 to effectively support the lower splint 30 .

The above-mentioned adjusting die table 82 can realize the adjustment of the vertical direction of the connecting plate 80 to ensure the reciprocation of the lower clamping plate 30 and the upper clamping plate 20 in the horizontal direction, and avoid the deflection of the lower clamping plate 30 and the upper clamping plate 20 .

The above-mentioned charging box 10 and supporting mechanism 60 are separately arranged on the supporting platform 100 , and the supporting platform 100 can vertically adjust the supporting mechanism 60 for adjusting the vertical position of the supporting mechanism 60 .

The test method for the mechanical properties of the shear motion of the particulate matter is introduced below. The test method adopts the above-mentioned linear reciprocating shear motion mechanical property test platform for the particulate matter. The test method includes the following steps:

The first step: two pressure sensors 40 are placed on the upper surface of the lower splint 30, the upper splint 20 is covered on the top of the two pressure sensors 40, and the upper splint 20, the lower splint 30 and the two pressure sensors 40 are formed. The assembled body protrudes from the through holes 11 provided on both sides of the charging box 10, and the lower splint 30 is arranged on the support ball 61 of the support mechanism 60, so that the lower splint 30 is in contact with the support ball 61;

The second step: adjust the vertical adjustment mold table 62, so that the board surfaces of the upper splint 20 and the lower splint 30 are in a horizontal state, and at the same time ensure the assembly and charging of the upper splint 20, the lower splint 30 and the two pressure sensors 40 The box 10 maintains a gap arrangement everywhere;

Step 3: put the granular material into the charging box 10, and make the granular material not pass the upper surface of the upper splint 20;

Step 4: adjust the vertical adjustment module 62 so that the upper splint 20 is in contact with the support ball 61 of the support mechanism 60;

Step 5: Adjust and adjust the die table 82 so that the connecting plate 80 is in horizontal contact with the upper end of the tangential force sensor 50, and fix the connecting plate 80 on the upper end of the tangential force sensor 50 with bolts, and fix the tangential force sensor 50 on the adjusting die table 82 superior;

Step 6: Apply a heavy object to the opening of the loading box 10, and start the driving mechanism to make the assembly formed by the upper splint 20, the lower splint 30 and the two pressure sensors 40 reciprocate in the horizontal direction;

Step 7: Connect the data collected by the pressure sensor 40 , the normal force sensor 70 , the tangential force sensor 50 and the displacement sensor 84 to the computer through the acquisition card, and use the computer to obtain the data of the mechanical characteristics of the shearing motion of the particulate matter.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the elements are embraced in the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only contains an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. A test platform for the mechanical properties of linear reciprocating shear motion of particulate matter, characterized in that: The charging box (10) is used for loading the particulate matter to be tested; The upper splint (20) is arranged in the charging mechanism (10) and reciprocates along the horizontal direction; The lower splint (30) is arranged below the upper splint (20), and is used to support the upper splint (20) and move back and forth synchronously with the upper splint (20); The lower splint (30) and the upper splint (20) are arranged in a gap and the two are connected by a pressure sensor (40), and the pressure sensor (40) is used to collect the pressure in the vertical direction; The driving mechanism is used to drive the upper splint (20) and the lower splint (30) to reciprocate in the horizontal direction; The driving mechanism is provided with a tangential force sensor (50) for collecting the horizontal sliding friction force of the upper splint (20) and the lower splint (30). 2. The testing platform for linear reciprocating shear motion mechanical properties of particulate matter according to claim 1, characterized in that: the board surfaces of the upper splint (20) and the lower splint (30) are arranged horizontally and at intervals in parallel, and the lower splint (30) is arranged at intervals. A supporting mechanism (60) is arranged on the lower surface of both ends of the splint (30), and a normal force sensor (70) is arranged under the supporting mechanism (60). 3. The testing platform for linear reciprocating shear motion mechanical properties of particulate matter according to claim 2, characterized in that: the charging box (10) is rectangular, and the box walls on both sides of the charging box (10) are arranged There is a through hole (11), the upper splint (20) and the lower splint (30) protrude from the through hole (11) and are arranged in a gap with the upper and lower walls of the through hole (11), and the support mechanism (60) is arranged on The outside of the box wall on both sides of the charging box (10). 4. The testing platform for linear reciprocating shear motion mechanical properties of particulate matter according to claim 3, characterized in that: the working area of the pressure sensor (40) is in a disc-like structure, and the pressure sensor (40) is vertically Arranged and the upper and lower ends respectively abut against the upper and lower surfaces of the upper splint (20) and the lower splint (30), and the pressure sensor (40) is provided with two indivual. 5. The testing platform for linear reciprocating shearing mechanical properties of particulate matter according to claim 4, characterized in that a rubber gasket is provided at the abutting end of the pressure sensor (40) and the upper splint (20). 6. The testing platform for linear reciprocating shearing motion mechanical properties of particulate matter according to claim 3, characterized in that: the support mechanism (60) includes support balls (61) arranged on the box walls on both sides of the charging box (10) ), the support ball (61) is fixed on the upper end of the normal force sensor (70), and the normal force sensor (70) is fixed on the upper end of the vertical adjustment die table (62). 7. The testing platform for linear reciprocating shearing mechanical properties of particulate matter according to claim 4, characterized in that: one end of the lower splint (30) and the upper splint (20) are respectively provided with first and second through holes (31, 21), the cores of the first and second through holes (31, 21) are arranged vertically and concentrically, the drive mechanism includes a connecting plate (80), and the plate end of the connecting plate (80) A floating pin (81) is provided, and the floating pin (81) is vertically inserted into the first and second through holes (31, 21), and the first and second through holes (31, 21 ) The aperture is greater than the rod diameter of floating pin (81). 8. The test platform for linear reciprocating shearing motion mechanical properties of particulate matter according to claim 7, characterized in that: the drive mechanism includes an adjustment die table (82) arranged on the workbench (90), and the cutting machine The force sensor (50) is fixed on the adjustment die table (82), one end of the connecting plate (80) is fixed on the tangential force sensor (50), and the workbench (90) is provided with a servo motor (83 ), the output shaft of the servo motor (83) is provided with a screw mandrel (831), and the screw mandrel (831) cooperates with the nut of the adjusting die table (82), and the length direction of the screw mandrel (831) is horizontal and Parallel to the connecting plate (80), a displacement sensor (84) is also arranged on the workbench (90), the displacement sensor (84) is rod-shaped and parallel to the screw mandrel (831), and the displacement sensor (84) ) is directed to the adjustment die table (82). 9. The method for testing the mechanical properties of shear motion of particulate matter, characterized in that: the test method adopts the testing platform for linear reciprocating shear motion mechanical properties of particulate matter according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the test method comprises the following steps : The first step: place two pressure sensors (40) on the upper surface of the lower splint (30), cover the upper splint (20) on the top of the two pressure sensors (40), place the upper splint (20), lower splint The assembled body formed by clamping plate (30) and two pressure sensors (40) stretches out the through hole (11) that the box wall on both sides of the charging box (10) is provided with, and makes the lower clamping plate (30) be arranged on the support mechanism (60 ) on the supporting ball (61) so that the lower splint (30) is in contact with the supporting ball (61); The second step: adjust the vertical adjustment die table (62), so that the board surfaces of the upper splint (20) and the lower splint (30) are in a horizontal state, and at the same time ensure that the upper splint (20), the lower splint (30) and the two The assembled body formed by the pressure sensor (40) and the charging box (10) are arranged with gaps everywhere; The third step: put the granular material into the charging box (10), and make the granular material not pass the upper surface of the upper splint (20); The fourth step: adjust the vertical adjustment module (62), so that the upper splint (20) is in contact with the support ball (61) of the support mechanism (60); Step 5: adjust and adjust the mold table (82), so that the connecting plate (80) is in horizontal contact with the upper end of the tangential force sensor (50), and use bolts to fix the connecting plate (80) on the upper end of the tangential force sensor (50), and cut The force sensor (50) is fixed on the adjustment die table (82); Step 6: Apply a heavy object to the opening of the charging box (10), and start the driving mechanism to make the assembly formed by the upper splint (20), the lower splint (30) and the two pressure sensors (40) reciprocate in the horizontal direction move; Step 7: Connect the data collected by the pressure sensor (40), the normal force sensor (70), the tangential force sensor (50) and the displacement sensor (84) to the computer through the acquisition card, and use the computer to obtain the shearing motion of the particulate matter Mechanical property data.