CN108533980A - Laser light source, light-emitting device and lamps and lanterns - Google Patents
Laser light source, light-emitting device and lamps and lanterns Download PDFInfo
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- CN108533980A CN108533980A CN201810295111.8A CN201810295111A CN108533980A CN 108533980 A CN108533980 A CN 108533980A CN 201810295111 A CN201810295111 A CN 201810295111A CN 108533980 A CN108533980 A CN 108533980A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
- F21K9/64—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction using wavelength conversion means distinct or spaced from the light-generating element, e.g. a remote phosphor layer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21K—NON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21K9/00—Light sources using semiconductor devices as light-generating elements, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] or lasers
- F21K9/60—Optical arrangements integrated in the light source, e.g. for improving the colour rendering index or the light extraction
- F21K9/69—Details of refractors forming part of the light source
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V5/00—Refractors for light sources
- F21V5/04—Refractors for light sources of lens shape
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
- F21V9/30—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source
- F21V9/32—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source characterised by the arrangement of the photoluminescent material
- F21V9/35—Elements containing photoluminescent material distinct from or spaced from the light source characterised by the arrangement of the photoluminescent material at focal points, e.g. of refractors, lenses, reflectors or arrays of light sources
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2113/00—Combination of light sources
- F21Y2113/10—Combination of light sources of different colours
- F21Y2113/13—Combination of light sources of different colours comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
- F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
- F21Y2115/30—Semiconductor lasers
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
It proposes a kind of laser light source and relevant light-emitting device and lamps and lanterns, includes the laser emitting source for emitting laser, the first converging device and the second converging device, wherein the first converging device and the second converging device are all globe lens or globe lens group；Further include the fluorescent apparatus being located on the second converging device the second side optical axis, the distance of the fluorescent apparatus to the interarea of the second converging device is less than the minimum focus of the second converging device the second side, and wherein A is more than or equal to 50 degree；Laser successively focuses on fluorescent apparatus after the first converging device and the second converging device near optical axis and fluorescent apparatus is made to generate stimulated light.Second converging device uses full spherical design, and fluorescent apparatus is positioned over the appropriate location within the second converging device focus, can make emergent light still orderly without intersecting, desired optics purpose may be implemented by the optical design of rear end in this way.First converging device can then make the focus of the neighbouring incident laser of optical axis advance to the position of fluorescent apparatus.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of lighting, and more particularly, to a laser light source, and a light emitting device and a lamp using the laser light source.
Background
Laser light sources have been used in automotive headlamps, projection displays. One common laser light source is shown in fig. 1. The laser light 121 is incident on the convex lens groups 101 and 102 and is focused through the convex lens groups onto the phosphor device 103 at the focal point of the convex lens groups. The phosphor device 103 is stimulated to emit stimulated light 122, which is reflected 122 at full angle and largely collected and collimated by the convex lens groups 101 and 102. The light splitting filter positioned between the laser emission source and the convex lens group light path is used for transmitting the laser 121 and reflecting the received laser 122 at the same time so as to separate the light paths of the laser 121 and the received laser, and the received laser is prevented from returning to the laser emission source along the light path of the incident laser to form light loss. The parallel laser 121 is focused on the fluorescent device at the focus of the convex lens group through the convex lens group, and the light emitted by the fluorescent device is collected by the convex lens group to form parallel light for emission. This is fully consistent with the principle that the optical path is reversible. The problem of this light source structure is that the convex lens group is to collect the emergent light of the fluorescent device in a large angle range and refract the emergent light into parallel light, and at least one of the convex lens group is necessarily an aspheric lens. The difficulty and cost of processing glass aspheric lenses are high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a laser light source, which comprises a laser emission source for emitting laser, a first converging device and a second converging device, wherein the first converging device and the second converging device are both ball lenses or ball lens groups and both have real focuses, one side of the second converging device facing the first converging device is called a first side, and one side of the second converging device facing away from the first converging device is called a second side; parallel rays with different distances from the optical axis are incident into the first side caliber of the second convergence device to form a focus on the second side of the second convergence device, the focus of the focus corresponding to the parallel ray far away from the optical axis is smaller than the focus of the focus corresponding to the parallel ray close to the optical axis, and the parallel ray incident into the edge of the first side caliber of the second convergence device corresponds to the focus of the minimum focus on the second side of the second convergence device; the distance from the fluorescent device to the main surface of the second converging device is smaller than the minimum focal length of the second side of the second converging device, the angle emitted by the fluorescent device is the exit angle of the light ray with the emission angle A after exiting through the second converging device, and the exit angle of any light ray with the emission angle A smaller than the exit angle of the light ray with the emission angle A after exiting through the second converging device is larger than or equal to 50 degrees; the optical system is combined by the first converging device and the second converging device, so that parallel light rays near the optical axis pass through the first converging device and the second converging device, and then a focus generated at the second side of the second converging device is positioned on the fluorescent device; the laser passes through the first converging device and the second converging device from the vicinity of the optical axis in sequence and then is focused on the fluorescent device, so that the fluorescent device generates the excited light.
The invention also provides a light-emitting device, which comprises two groups of the laser light sources, namely a first laser light source and a second laser light source; the laser emission source of the first laser light source emits first laser, the first laser is blue laser, the fluorescent device is a first fluorescent device, and the excited light emitted by the first fluorescent device is yellow light, yellow green light, orange light, red light or green light; the laser emission source of the second laser light source emits second laser, the second laser is purple or ultraviolet laser, the fluorescence device is a second fluorescence device, and the excited light emitted by the second fluorescence device is blue light; the first laser light source and the second laser light source share the same wavelength light splitting device, the wavelength light splitting device transmits purple or ultraviolet laser, reflects blue light and transmits yellow light to a red light waveband, the first laser light is incident on the wavelength light splitting device and reflected to be incident on the first fluorescent device, the laser light emitted by the first fluorescent device transmits the wavelength light splitting device, the second laser light transmits the wavelength light splitting device and is incident on the second fluorescent device, the laser light emitted by the second fluorescent device is reflected by the wavelength light splitting device, and the laser light emitted by the first fluorescent device and the second fluorescent device is combined into one beam at the wavelength light splitting device and is emitted; or the first laser light source and the second laser light source share the same wavelength light splitting device, the wavelength light splitting device reflects purple or ultraviolet laser, transmits blue light and reflects yellow light to red light, the first laser light transmits the wavelength light splitting device and enters the first fluorescent device, the received laser light emitted by the first fluorescent device is reflected by the wavelength light splitting device, the second laser light is reflected by the wavelength light splitting device and enters the second fluorescent device, the received laser light emitted by the second fluorescent device transmits the wavelength light splitting device, and the received laser light emitted by the first fluorescent device and the received laser light emitted by the second fluorescent device are combined into one beam at the wavelength light splitting device and are emitted.
The invention further provides a lamp, which comprises the laser light source, a diverging device and a collimating device, wherein the diverging device and the collimating device are positioned at the rear end of the laser light source, and light emitted by the laser light source is incident on the collimating device after being diverged by the diverging device and forms parallel light to be emitted.
The invention further provides a lamp, which comprises the light-emitting device, a diverging device and a collimating device, wherein the diverging device and the collimating device are positioned at the rear end of the light path of the light-emitting device, and light emitted by the light-emitting device is incident on the collimating device after being diverged by the diverging device and forms parallel light to be emitted.
The second convergence device adopts a global design, and the fluorescent device is placed at a proper position within the focus of the second convergence device, so that emergent light can still be orderly and cannot intersect, and the desired optical purpose can be realized through the optical design of the rear end. The first focusing device can advance the focus of the laser light incident near the optical axis to the position of the fluorescent device. This allows optical design goals to be achieved while avoiding the high cost of aspheric lenses.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional laser light source;
FIG. 2a shows a schematic focal point of a second converging device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a diagram showing the light path of the fluorescent device after collection by the second focusing device in the present invention;
FIG. 2c is a focusing light path diagram after the laser light is incident on the first converging device and the second converging device in sequence;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a laser light source according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4a is a schematic structural diagram of a lamp of the present invention, in which the diverging means is at the light exit of the laser light source;
FIG. 4b shows the diverging device of the structure of FIG. 4a away from the exit of the laser source;
fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of one embodiment of the light-emitting device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Before describing the technical solution of the present invention, some deductions of the optical principle are described. As shown in fig. 2a, a spherical convex lens 201 and a spherical convex lens 202 constitute a convex lens group. Parallel rays 22A, 22C, 22E are incident from the left side of the convex lens group, where ray 22A is near the optical axis, ray 22E is near the edge of the effective aperture of the convex lens group, and ray 22C is incident between rays 22A and 22E. Since 201 and 202 are both spherical convex lenses, with a real focus, the collimated light will form a focus on the right side of the convex lens group. Due to the spherical surface, the focal points of the parallel light rays incident at the various positions are different, which is the reason for generating the spherical aberration. The closer the ray is to the edge of the effective aperture, the greater the spherical aberration. Specifically, it is the ray 22A that is near the optical axis and that produces the furthest focus on the right side of the convex lens group, denoted as f in the figureA(ii) a And ray 22E is incident from the edge of the effective aperture of the convex lens group furthest from the optical axis and its focus produced on the right side of the convex lens group is closest, denoted as f in the figureELight incident between the light ray 22A and the light ray 22E (for example)The focal points generated by the light ray 22C) on the right side of the convex lens group fall on fAAnd fEIn the meantime. Thus, parallel rays of light whose positions continuously change between the rays 22A and 22E are formed on the optical axis on the right side of the convex lens group at fAAnd fEIn which the position of the focal points is continuously changed, which together form a line segment fAfE。
In fact, any ball lens or ball lens group, as long as it has a real focus (has a converging effect on light), there will be a line segment composed of such focuses, and the end point of the focus line segment near the ball lens or ball lens group corresponds to the paraxial parallel light, and the end point of the focus line segment far from the ball lens or ball lens group corresponds to the parallel light incident at the effective aperture edge far from the optical axis.
In fig. 2b, the convex lens group consisting of the convex lens groups 201 and 202 is shown simplified as a double-headed line segment 209, the line segment 209 being located on a main surface of the convex lens group. The light-emitting source 203 is located on the right side of the convex lens group at a distance u (i.e., object distance) from the major surface 209 that is less than fEThe distance from the main surface 209, i.e. the light-emitting sources 203, is within all the focal points of the convex lens group. According to the optical principle, the light emitting source u passes through the convex lens group to form a virtual focus on the same side, and the distance (i.e. image distance) v from the virtual focus to the main surface 209, the object distance and the focal length f satisfy the imaging formula:
(1)
since u is fixed, the absolute value of v decreases as f increases, so that the focal point f corresponding to the far-axis rayEThe virtual image E corresponding to the focal point f corresponding to the paraxial ray farthest from the main surface 209AThe virtual image A is closest to the main surface, and the virtual images corresponding to the rest of the light rays positioned in the middle are positioned between A and E. The light emitted from the light source 203 is collected by the convex lens group, which is the connection line from each virtual image point to the point on the main surface: the virtual image E with the largest image distance corresponding to the effective aperture of the convex lens groupThe light ray 23E is a connecting line from the E to the edge of the effective aperture of the convex lens group; the virtual image A with the minimum image distance corresponds to the position of the convex lens group close to the optical axis, and the light ray 23A is a connecting line from A to the point close to the optical axis of the convex lens group; the remaining rays 23B, 23C and 23D are the connecting lines of the virtual image B, C, D with the different points on the main surface in that order.
Due to the spherical aberration, there may be a case where the exit angle of 23E is smaller than that of 23D, and the light ray 23E and the light ray 23D intersect after propagating for a certain distance. This crossing is very disadvantageous for the design of the optical path at the back end. Since after intersection, it is inevitable that two rays are incident on the same position of the rear optical path, and one point on any optical device on the optical path can only process one ray, for example, the rear focusing lens, the rays 23E and 23D are simultaneously incident on the same point on the focusing lens (because the exit angle of the ray 23E is smaller than 23D), and this point will certainly be out of focus if the ray 23D is focused to the focal point, and the ray 23D will certainly be out of focus if the point focuses the ray 23E to the focal point.
Therefore, it is necessary to avoid the case where rays intersect, that is, the exit angle of rays far from the optical axis must be larger than the exit angle of rays near the optical axis. Only if such conditions are met can the optical design of the back end be made to meet the design goals. This requires the position of the light-emitting point 203 to be at a specific position. Such a location can be demonstrated to exist certainly, as demonstrated below.
See formula (1), let u = fEI.e. the point of illumination is at the focal point f of the beam on the far axisEThus, the virtual image point E is located at infinity, i.e., the ray 23E is parallel light; while the other rays (for example, 23D) have divergence angles larger than 0 because the image distance of the virtual image point is not infinite, and the case where the divergence angle of 23E is smaller than that of the ray 23D, that is, the ray crossing occurs.
On the other hand, when u approaches 0, v also approaches 0, i.e., the image point A, B, C, D, E approaches coincidence. The closer to coincidence, i.e. the closer D and E are, the more 23E must be larger than 23D, i.e. no ray crossing will occur, which is determined by the geometrical principle in fig. 2 b. The effect of spherical aberration is more pronounced for rays with larger angles of incidence. Therefore, the larger the incident angle (and the collection angle of the light emitted from the light emitting point), the more easily the light is intersected at a large angle, and therefore, the larger the collection angle, the closer the light emitting point is to the convex lens group, the smaller u is to avoid the intersection of the light.
FIG. 2b discusses the case where the convex lens group consisting of spherical convex lenses 201 and 202 emits light rays 23A-23E after collecting the light emitted from the light emitting point 203, and it is concluded that the light emitting point 203 is placed at the closest focus fEThe intersection of the emergent rays can be avoided at a proper position inside. In the following fig. 2c, the focusing of the incident parallel light is to be discussed. As can be seen from FIG. 2a, the parallel light rays incident at different positions generate different focal points, which are concentrated on the line segment fAfEThe above. And the light emitting point 203 is located at fEIt is determined that any parallel rays are not likely to be focused directly on 203, and that paraxial rays are much less likely.
At the front end of the left optical path of the convex lens group, another convex lens 205 is prevented, and for paraxial parallel rays 241, if there is no convex lens 205, it would propagate along the dotted line 24A in FIG. 2c and focus on the focal point fAThe focus of the convex lens 205 is advanced after the converging action of the convex lens 205, and the stronger the converging action of the convex lens 205 (for example, the larger the curvature), the closer the focus is to the convex lens group. It is apparent that a suitable convex lens 205 is present such that paraxial parallel rays 241 are focused on the light emission point 203.
Based on the above principle, the invention provides the following technical scheme of the laser light source.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a laser light source according to the present invention. The laser source comprises a laser source (not shown) for emitting laser light 321, a first focusing device 305 and a second focusing device, wherein the first focusing device and the second focusing device are both spherical lenses or spherical lens groups and both have real focal points. Specifically, the first converging means 305 is a spherical convex lens, and the second converging means is a convex lens group composed of spherical convex lenses 301 and 302. Of course, the first converging device may also be a lens group, and the second converging device may also include a spherical concave lens, as long as the second converging device has a real focus as a whole. For the sake of convenience of expression, the side of the second convergence device facing the first convergence device is called its first side and the side facing away from the first convergence device is called its second side.
According to the optical knowledge, it can be understood that parallel light rays with different distances from the optical axis are incident into the first side aperture of the second converging device to form a focus on the second side of the second converging device, the focus distance of the focus corresponding to the parallel light rays far away from the optical axis is smaller than the focus distance of the focus corresponding to the parallel light rays close to the optical axis, and the focus distance of the minimum focus distance of the second side aperture of the second converging device is corresponding to the parallel light rays incident on the edge of the first side aperture of the second converging device.
The laser light source further comprises a fluorescent device 303 located on the optical axis at the second side of the second converging device, the distance from the fluorescent device to the main face of the second converging device being smaller than the minimum focal length at the second side of the second converging device. From the foregoing optical knowledge, it can be seen that, as long as the fluorescent device is located at a suitable position and the distance (object distance u) to the main surface is sufficiently small, the exit angle of the light emitted by the fluorescent device at the angle a after exiting through the second converging device can be realized, and the exit angle of any light emitted at an angle a smaller than the exit angle of the light emitted by the fluorescent device after exiting through the second converging device can be equal to or larger than. Wherein A is greater than or equal to 50 degrees. Therefore, the light rays 322 with the angle within A emitted by the fluorescent device can be ensured not to be crossed after being collected by the second converging device, so that the optical design at the rear end of the light path can be ideally realized. While light collected at a greater than or equal to 50 degrees and within at least 50 degrees can achieve the design objective, while light energy at least 58% can be collected within 50 degrees, which is good enough in many applications. Of course, the larger a, the higher the collection efficiency, but it should be noted that the larger a, the larger the exit angle of the outgoing light corresponding to a, and the system becomes huge. It is therefore important to select the value of a reasonably in practical design. In practice, the inventors found that it is appropriate to select A at 60-65 degrees.
On the other hand, according to the optical knowledge, the optical system combining the first converging device 305 and the second converging device can make the focus point generated by the parallel light rays near the optical axis passing through the first converging device and the second converging device on the second side of the second converging device be located on the fluorescent device 303 through the reasonable design of the first converging device 305. The laser 321 passes through the first converging device and the second converging device from the vicinity of the optical axis in sequence and is focused on the fluorescent device, so that the fluorescent device 303 generates the received laser 322.
Compared with the prior art shown in fig. 1, the laser light source of the present embodiment uses two spherical convex lenses 301 and 302 instead of the aspherical collection lens groups 101 and 102, which can significantly reduce the system cost and significantly improve the yield, without affecting the design performance of the rear-end optical system. Since the two spherical convex lenses 301 and 302 in this embodiment do not collimate all the collected light like the convex lenses 101 and 102 in fig. 1, but diverge, the first converging device used in cooperation with the laser incident end can advance the focusing point of the laser to the fluorescent device 303, so that the excitation spot is small enough to achieve the ideal luminous intensity.
In the present embodiment, the laser beam 321 is incident on the first converging device from the vicinity of the optical axis, which is a relatively common design. This is not true in practice. Because even if the laser beam 321 is incident from a region far from the optical axis, the laser beam 321 is focused on the fluorescent device by the converging action of the first converging device and the second converging device through the design of the first converging device.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the optical fiber further includes a wavelength splitting device 304 located between the first converging device and the second converging device, for guiding the laser light 321 to enter the fluorescent device 303 in a transmission manner and guiding the received laser light 322 to exit in a reflection manner. This prevents loss of light caused by the return of the received laser light 322 to the laser emission source. In this embodiment, blue laser light is used as the laser light, and the fluorescent device absorbs blue light and is excited to emit yellow light. The wavelength dispersion device is a dispersion filter that can transmit blue light and reflect yellow light (as one of the wavelength dispersion devices, an optical element such as a dispersion prism may be used). The wavelength light splitting device 304 is located between the light paths of the first converging device and the second converging device, so that part of the received laser light does not pass through the first converging device before being emitted, and the design target of the rear-end optical system can be ideally realized.
Of course, another way to guide the light paths of the stimulated light and the laser light to be separated can be adopted. The wavelength splitting device may further guide the laser to enter the fluorescent device in a reflective manner and guide the received laser to exit in a transmissive manner, for example, the wavelength splitting device employs a splitting filter that reflects blue light and transmits yellow light, the laser is reflected by the wavelength splitting device after passing through the first converging device, then enters the second converging device, and is focused on the fluorescent device after passing through the second converging device, and the received laser emitted by the fluorescent device may exit by transmitting through the wavelength splitting device. The person skilled in the art can design this way himself on the basis of the description, since the principle is the same, and only the orientation in which the components are placed needs to be replaced, and therefore the present invention is not described in detail.
In fact, the wavelength splitting device is only a preferred way, and other ways can also be adopted, for example, in this embodiment, the wavelength splitting device 304 can be replaced by a mirror with a central opening, the laser passes through the central opening after passing through the first converging device and is incident on the second converging device, and the excited light is collected by the second converging device and then mostly reflected by the mirror around the central opening to exit, and only a small part of the excited light can be transmitted through the central opening to form a certain light loss, which is usually acceptable. The benefit of this design is that part of the remaining laser light exiting the phosphor device can also exit to form a mixed light exit. Further, the mirror may be curved, so that the light distribution can be controlled while the reflected guided laser light exits. In one example. The light splitting device can also be a small reflector, the laser is reflected by the small reflector and then enters the second converging device, and the stimulated light is collected by the second converging device and then is transmitted and emitted from the periphery of the small reflector. In short, the beam splitter can be used for separating the laser beam path from the received laser beam path. Even though there may be no beam splitting device, the received laser light returns along the laser beam path with only some loss at the laser emitting source, which is also controllable.
In this embodiment, it is preferable that the laser device further includes a scattering device located on the optical path of the laser, and the scattering device is configured to scatter the laser focused on the fluorescent device into a spot, so as to avoid burning of the fluorescent material due to too high local laser power. The most common scattering means is a scattering sheet, although other scattering means may be used. This is prior art and is not described in detail here.
The invention also provides a lamp using the laser light source, and a schematic structural diagram of the lamp is shown in fig. 4 a. The lamp comprises the laser light source, a diverging device 406 and a collimating device 407 which are positioned at the rear end of the laser light source optical path, wherein light 422 emitted by the laser light source is incident on the collimating device after being diverged by the diverging device and forms parallel light to be emitted. The purpose of the diverging means 406 is to expand the beam and then collimate it by collimating means 407 so that the resulting collimated light is more collimated. Preferably, the diverging means 406 is a piece of spherical concave lens and the collimating means 407 is a piece of aspherical convex lens. The whole system only uses 407 aspheric lenses, so that the cost is lower and the quality is more guaranteed.
The diverging means and the collimating means cooperate to achieve a higher degree of collimation, which per se is prior art. However, the technology is currently applied to expand and then collimate the parallel light, for example, the technology is applied to the light source as shown in fig. 1, that is, the parallel light is expanded by the diverging device and then collimated by the collimating device. The laser light source is matched with the divergence device and the collimation device, and the light rays are ensured not to be crossed, so that good collimation can be realized on the design level. On the other hand, since the emergent light 422 of the laser light source of the present invention is itself divergent, better focusing uniformity can be brought. This will now be explained.
As shown in fig. 4a, the diverging device 406 is located at the light outlet of the laser light source, and this is achieved by designing the diverging device and the collimating device such that the emitted collimated light reaches the state of minimum divergence angle and maximum collimation degree. In order to adjust the focus in practical application (even if the size of the emitted light spot is obtained), the lamp further comprises a moving device (not shown in the figure) for moving the diverging device away from the light outlet of the laser light source. The shifted light path is shown in fig. 4 b. In this embodiment, the effective aperture of the diverging device is larger than the spot aperture of the light outlet of the laser light source. In this way, in the light path after the movement of the diverging device, since the light emitted by the laser light source is diverging, the coverage area of the light incident on the diverging device is larger, the light receiving aperture of the diverging device is larger, i.e. the position of the diverging device with the larger diameter is active, whereas the position with the larger diameter is not active in the collimated state shown in fig. 4a (because no light is incident).
If the incident light is parallel light, the movement of the diverging means corresponds to the movement of the virtual focus, which leaves the focus of the collimating means, and the resulting outgoing light is naturally no longer perfectly parallel, which is the principle of focusing. However, the problem is that the spots formed by partially divergent emergent light generated by defocusing of the virtual focus are not uniform, the center is dark, the periphery is bright, and even a bright ring is formed. The result is poor focused illumination.
In the invention, the light receiving area of the diverging device is larger due to the movement of the diverging device, namely, the position with larger diameter of the diverging device acts, so that the virtual focus is pulled into a line while the virtual focus moves, namely, different light rays do not have the same focus any more, but the focus positions are different. This is equivalent to the original virtual focus remaining as the diverging means moves, while creating a new virtual focus, equivalent to the original point source becoming a line source along the optical axis. This naturally also makes the divergence angle through the collimating means large, but the spot of the emerging light is much more uniform.
Preferably, the position of the diverging device 406 furthest from the laser source is the position where the light from the laser source fills the effective aperture of the diverging device. The divergence angle of the exiting collimated beam is then at a maximum and if the movement is resumed, light will emerge out of the diverging device and cannot be collected resulting in light loss.
On the basis of the laser light source, the invention further provides a light emitting device, and a schematic structural diagram of the light emitting device is shown in fig. 5. The light emitting device includes two sets of the aforementioned laser light sources, referred to herein as a first laser light source and a second laser light source.
Wherein the laser emission source (not shown) of the first laser source emits the first laser 422, the first laser is the blue laser 422, the fluorescence device is the first fluorescence device 403, and the excited light emitted by the first fluorescence device 403 is yellow light, yellow-green light, orange light, red light or green light 424; the laser emitting source (not shown) of the second laser source emits second laser 421, the second laser is purple or ultraviolet laser 421, the fluorescence device is second fluorescence device 413, and the stimulated light 423 emitted by the second fluorescence device is blue light.
The first laser light source and the second laser light source share the same wavelength light splitting device 404, and the wavelength light splitting device 404 reflects purple or ultraviolet laser light, transmits blue light, and reflects yellow light to red light. The first laser beam 422 transmits through the wavelength splitting device 404 and enters the first fluorescent device 403, and the received laser beam 424 emitted by the first fluorescent device 403 is reflected by the wavelength splitting device 404; meanwhile, the second laser 421 is reflected by the wavelength splitting device 404 and enters the second fluorescent device 413, the received laser 423 emitted by the second fluorescent device 413 transmits the wavelength splitting device 404, and the received lasers 423 and 424 emitted by the first fluorescent device and the second fluorescent device are combined into one beam at the wavelength splitting device 404 and then exit.
In this embodiment, the first laser light source and the second laser light source share the same first converging device 405, the second converging device of the first laser light source is a convex lens group consisting of spherical convex lenses 401 and 402, and the second converging device of the second laser light source is a convex lens group consisting of spherical convex lenses 411 and 412. The first laser and the second laser are blue light, and the wavelength splitting device can be shared by the first laser light source and the second laser light source, so that the structure is most compact, and the combined light of two kinds of fluorescence can be emitted simultaneously. For example, a combined light of blue light and yellow light can be emitted simultaneously, i.e., a white light can be emitted.
In another embodiment of the present invention, for the same reason, the first laser light source and the second laser light source share the same wavelength splitting device, the wavelength splitting device transmits violet or ultraviolet laser light, reflects blue light, and transmits yellow light to red light, the first laser light enters the wavelength splitting device and is reflected and enters the first fluorescent device, the received laser light emitted by the first fluorescent device transmits the wavelength splitting device, the second laser light transmits the wavelength splitting device and enters the second fluorescent device, the received laser light emitted by the second fluorescent device is reflected by the wavelength splitting device, and the received laser light emitted by the first fluorescent device and the received laser light emitted by the second fluorescent device are combined into one beam at the wavelength splitting device and are emitted. This is simply to reverse the positions of the first and second laser light sources.
The lamp shown in fig. 4a is based on a laser light source. In the same way, the invention also provides another lamp based on the light-emitting device, which comprises the light-emitting device, and further comprises a diverging device and a collimating device which are positioned at the rear end of the light path of the light-emitting device, wherein light emitted by the light-emitting device is incident on the collimating device after being diverged by the diverging device and forms parallel light to be emitted. When the diverging device is positioned at a position close to the light outlet of the light-emitting device, the divergence angle of the light beam emitted from the collimating device is minimum, namely the light beam reaches the most collimated state; the effective aperture of the divergence device is larger than the light spot aperture of the light outlet of the light-emitting device; the light emitting device also comprises a moving device which is used for moving the diverging device to the direction far away from the light outlet of the light emitting device. The position of the diverging device farthest from the light-emitting device is the position where the light emitted by the light-emitting device fills the effective aperture of the diverging device. The working principle of the lamp is exactly the same as that of the lamp shown in fig. 4a and 4b, except that the laser light source in fig. 4a and 4b is replaced by a light emitting device.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A laser light source, comprising:
the laser emitting source is used for emitting laser, and comprises a first converging device and a second converging device, wherein the first converging device and the second converging device are both spherical lenses or spherical lens groups and have real focuses, one side of the second converging device facing the first converging device is called a first side, and one side of the second converging device facing away from the first converging device is called a second side;
parallel rays with different distances from the optical axis are incident into the first side caliber of the second convergence device to form a focus on the second side of the second convergence device, the focus of the focus corresponding to the parallel ray far away from the optical axis is smaller than the focus of the focus corresponding to the parallel ray close to the optical axis, and the parallel ray incident into the edge of the first side caliber of the second convergence device corresponds to the focus of the minimum focus on the second side of the second convergence device;
the distance from the fluorescent device to the main surface of the second converging device is smaller than the minimum focal length of the second side of the second converging device, the angle emitted by the fluorescent device is the exit angle of the light ray with the emission angle A after exiting through the second converging device, and the exit angle of any light ray with the emission angle A smaller than the exit angle of the light ray with the emission angle A after exiting through the second converging device is larger than or equal to 50 degrees;
the optical system is combined by the first converging device and the second converging device, so that parallel light rays incident on the first converging device pass through the first converging device and the second converging device, and then a focus generated at the second side of the second converging device is positioned on the fluorescent device; the laser sequentially passes through the first converging device and the second converging device and then is focused on the fluorescent device, so that the fluorescent device generates the excited light.
2. The laser light source of claim 1, further comprising a wavelength splitting device located between the first and second converging devices for guiding the laser light in a transmissive manner to the fluorescent device while guiding the stimulated light in a reflective manner to the fluorescent device, or for guiding the laser light in a reflective manner to the fluorescent device while guiding the stimulated light in a transmissive manner to the fluorescent device.
3. A light emitting device comprising two sets of the laser light source according to claim 2, a first laser light source and a second laser light source;
the laser emission source of the first laser light source emits first laser, the first laser is blue laser, the fluorescent device is a first fluorescent device, and the excited light emitted by the first fluorescent device is yellow light, yellow green light, orange light, red light or green light; the laser emission source of the second laser light source emits second laser, the second laser is purple or ultraviolet laser, the fluorescence device is a second fluorescence device, and the excited light emitted by the second fluorescence device is blue light;
the first laser light source and the second laser light source share the same wavelength light splitting device, the wavelength light splitting device transmits purple or ultraviolet laser, reflects blue light and transmits yellow light to a red light waveband, the first laser light is incident on the wavelength light splitting device and reflected to be incident on the first fluorescent device, the laser light emitted by the first fluorescent device transmits the wavelength light splitting device, the second laser light transmits the wavelength light splitting device and is incident on the second fluorescent device, the laser light emitted by the second fluorescent device is reflected by the wavelength light splitting device, and the laser light emitted by the first fluorescent device and the second fluorescent device is combined into one beam at the wavelength light splitting device and is emitted; or,
the first laser light source and the second laser light source share the same wavelength light splitting device, the wavelength light splitting device reflects purple or ultraviolet laser, transmits blue light and reflects yellow light to red light, the first laser light transmits the wavelength light splitting device and enters the first fluorescent device, the laser light emitted by the first fluorescent device is reflected by the wavelength light splitting device, the second laser light is reflected by the wavelength light splitting device and enters the second fluorescent device, the laser light emitted by the second fluorescent device transmits the wavelength light splitting device, and the laser light emitted by the first fluorescent device and the second fluorescent device is combined into one beam at the wavelength light splitting device and is emitted.
4. A lamp, comprising the laser light source according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a diverging device and a collimating device located at the rear end of the laser light source optical path, wherein the light emitted by the laser light source is diverged by the diverging device and then enters the collimating device to form parallel light to be emitted.
5. A lamp as recited in claim 4, wherein the divergence angle of the light beam exiting the collimating device is minimized when the diverging device is located near the exit of the laser light source, i.e., the light beam reaches the most collimated state; the effective aperture of the divergence device is larger than the light spot aperture of the light outlet of the laser light source; the laser light source device also comprises a moving device which is used for moving the diverging device to the direction far away from the light outlet of the laser light source.
6. The luminaire of claim 4 wherein the diffuser is a spherical concave lens.
7. A light fixture as recited in claim 5, wherein the position at which the diverging means is furthest from the laser light source is a position at which light from the laser light source fills an effective aperture of the diverging means.
8. A lamp comprising the light-emitting device of claim 3, and further comprising a diverging device and a collimating device located at the rear end of the light path of the light-emitting device, wherein light emitted by the light-emitting device is incident on the collimating device after being diverged by the diverging device and forms parallel light to be emitted.
9. A lamp as recited in claim 8, wherein the divergence angle of the light beam exiting the collimating device is minimized when the diverging device is located proximate the light exit of the light emitting device, i.e., the light beam is maximally collimated; the effective aperture of the divergence device is larger than the light spot aperture of the light outlet of the light-emitting device; the light emitting device also comprises a moving device which is used for moving the diverging device to the direction far away from the light outlet of the light emitting device.
10. A light fixture as recited in claim 9, wherein the position at which the diverging means is furthest from the light emitting means is a position at which light emitted by the light emitting means fills an effective aperture of the diverging means.
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| CN201810295111.8A CN108533980B (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2018-03-30 | Laser light source, light emitting device and lamp |
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