CN108523849A - Based on autofluorescence technology and the classification of the thyroid gland neck tissue of optical coherence tomography and identifying system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

It is a kind of based on autofluorescence technology and the classification of the thyroid gland neck tissue of optical coherence tomography and identifying system and method.The system is organically merged auto-fluorescence imaging system and optical coherence tomography system, know method for distinguishing by a wide range of coarse positioning and small range essence, using the auto-fluorescence imaging system resolution capability highly sensitive to morphological element and optical coherence tomography system to the high-resolution imaging of institutional framework, the classification and identification of quick, unmarked, lossless, highly sensitive, real-time thyroid gland neck tissue are realized.The present invention can effectively improve doctor in thyroid clinical operation, and, to the classification of the neck tissues such as parathyroid gland, thyroid gland, fat and lymph node and recognition efficiency and accuracy rate, auxiliary doctor protects parathyroid gland, thoroughly cleans lymph node.

Description

Classification of thyroid neck tissue based on autofluorescence technique and optical coherence tomography and identification systems and methods

technical field

The present invention relates to a dual-mode imaging system and method, especially a system and method based on autofluorescence technology and optical coherence tomography that can be used for thyroid neck tissue classification and identification, and is a new system for thyroid neck tissue imaging A method and a method belong to the technical field of biological tissue imaging.

Background technique

In recent years, the incidence of thyroid cancer has been increasing year by year. Partial or total thyroidectomy is the best option for most malignant and some benign thyroid lesions. To prevent recurrence of the neoplastic lesion, the surrounding lymph nodes are usually dissected. In thyroid surgery, parathyroid protection is required to prevent postoperative hypocalcemia. However, due to the small size of the parathyroid glands (3-8 mm in length, 2-5 mm in width, and 0.5-2 mm in thickness), the number and location are not completely determined, and it is difficult to distinguish them from the surrounding lymph nodes and adipose tissue in appearance, so It can be easily damaged or removed by mistake.

In view of the two needs of protecting the parathyroid glands and dissecting the lymph nodes, methods for accurately classifying and identifying the thyroid neck tissues, namely, parathyroid glands, lymph nodes, and fat, are urgently needed in thyroid surgery. The current rapid freezing method and "floating and sinking method" for classifying and identifying parathyroid glands, lymph nodes and fat in clinical practice have the problems of loss of tissue sample volume and low accuracy. Existing auxiliary identification technologies such as ultrasound technology, fluorescence detection based on methylene blue and 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA), and technetium methoxyisonitrile (99mTc-MIBI) imaging using gamma probes exist to distinguish The rate is not high or there are problems such as toxicity.

Based on the method of autofluorescence technology, the parathyroid gland and thyroid gland can be excited by the light of 785nm wavelength to produce near-infrared autofluorescence with a peak value of 822nm, so that the parathyroid gland and thyroid gland can be classified from the thyroid neck tissue, and because the parathyroid gland The autofluorescence of the thyroid is higher than that of the thyroid, allowing the localization of the parathyroid glands. However, the near-infrared autofluorescence technique cannot judge whether the localized parathyroid gland is a normal parathyroid gland, nor can it classify lymph nodes and fat. Optical coherence tomography can realize high-resolution real-time non-destructive structural imaging of biological tissues, and has been widely used in clinical medicine such as ophthalmology, dermatology and cardiology, and can realize the classification and identification of different tissues. For thyroid neck tissue imaging, the problem with optical coherence tomography is that the imaging range is small and the parathyroid glands cannot be quickly located.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, and then classify and identify thyroid neck tissue, and provide a system and method for thyroid neck tissue classification and identification based on autofluorescence technology and optical coherence tomography, assisting Doctors perform tissue classification and identification during thyroid surgery.

The present invention combines the highly sensitive resolution of tissue components of near-infrared autofluorescence technology with the high-resolution structural imaging of optical coherence tomography to perform large-scale coarse positioning and small-scale precise identification, which can effectively assist doctors in classification and identification during surgery Thyroid neck tissue.

Technical scheme of the present invention:

A thyroid neck tissue classification and identification system based on autofluorescence technology and optical coherence tomography is a dual-mode imaging system, including an optical coherence tomography (Optical Coherence Tomography, OCT) imaging system and An autofluorescence (Auto-fluorescence, AF) imaging system, wherein the optical coherence tomography system may be a TD-OCT system, an SD-OCT system or an SS-OCT system.

For TD-OCT and AF dual-mode imaging system and SS-OCT and AF dual-mode imaging system, the system hardware includes: wide-spectrum light source (1), first coupler (2), first circulator (3), first Polarization controller (4), first collimator (5), first mirror (6), second circulator (7), second coupler (8), balance detector (9), second polarization Controller (10), second collimator (11), first dichroic mirror (12), second mirror (13), scanning galvanometer (14), first focusing mirror (15), sample stage (16), autofluorescence excitation light source (17), third collimator (18), second dichroic mirror (19), photodetector (20);

Among them, the broadband light source (1), the first coupler (2), the first circulator (3), the first polarization controller (4), the first collimator (5), and the first mirror (6) , the second circulator (7), the second coupler (8), the balance detector (9), the second polarization controller (10), the second collimator (11), the first dichroic mirror (12 ), the second mirror (13), the scanning mirror (14), the first focusing mirror (15), and the sample stage (16) constitute an optical coherence tomography system; the light output from the broadband light source (1) passes through The light split by the first coupler (2) enters the first circulator (3) and the second circulator (7) respectively, and the light emitted from the first circulator (3) passes through the first polarization controller (4), the first After the collimator (5) irradiates on the first reflector (6), the light reflected from the first reflector (6) returns to the first circulator (3) along the original path and enters the a of the second coupler (8) end, the light emitted from the second circulator (7) passes through the second polarization controller (10), the second collimator (11), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second mirror (13), After the scanning galvanometer (14) and the first focusing mirror (15) irradiate the sample on the sample stage (16), the light scattered back from the sample returns to the second circulator (7) along the original path and enters the second coupler (8) The b-end of the second coupler (8) interferes with the light entering the a-end and b-end of the second coupler (8), and the light after interference enters the balance detector (9) from the c-end and d-end of the second coupler (8), and is determined by The computer controls the acquisition card to collect interference signals;

For the TD-OCT system, the first reflector (6) moves along the longitudinal direction to realize the deep scanning of the sample; for the SS-OCT system, the wide-spectrum light source (1) uses a swept-frequency wide-spectrum light source to realize the deep scanning of the sample;

For TD-OCT technology and AF dual-mode imaging system and SS-OCT technology and AF dual-mode imaging system, autofluorescence excitation light source (17), third collimator (18), second dichroic mirror (19), The photodetector (20), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second mirror (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15), and the sample stage (16) form an autofluorescence imaging system ; The light output from the autofluorescence excitation light source (17) passes through the third collimator (18), the second dichroic mirror (19), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second mirror ( 13), the scanning galvanometer (14) and the first focusing mirror (15) irradiate the sample on the sample stage (16) to excite autofluorescence, and the reflected autofluorescence passes through the first focusing mirror (15) and the scanning galvanometer (14), reflect on the first dichroic mirror (12) after the second reflecting mirror (13), then reflect on the second dichroic mirror (19) and enter the photodetector (20), collected by computer control The card collects the autofluorescence signal.

For the SD-OCT and AF dual-mode imaging system, the system hardware includes: a wide-spectrum light source (1), a first coupler (2), a first polarization controller (4), a first collimator (5), a first Mirror (6), the fourth collimator (21), grating (22), the second focusing mirror (23), line array camera (24), the second polarization controller (10), the second collimator ( 11), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second mirror (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15), the sample stage (16), the autofluorescence excitation light source (17), The third collimator (18), the second dichroic mirror (19), photodetector (20);

For SD-OCT technology and AF dual-mode imaging system, where the broadband light source (1), the first coupler (2), the first polarization controller (4), the first collimator (5), the first reflector Mirror (6), the fourth collimator (21), grating (22), the second focusing mirror (23), line camera (24), the second polarization controller (10), the second collimator (11 ), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second reflector (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15), and the sample stage (16) constitute a spectral domain optical coherence tomography system; The light output by the wide-spectrum light source (1) enters the a-end of the first coupler (2), and after light splitting, enters the first polarization controller (4) and the second polarization controller (4) from the b-end and c-end of the first coupler (2) respectively. Polarization controller (10), the light emitted from the first polarization controller (4) passes through the first collimator (5) and then irradiates on the first reflector (6), and the light reflected from the first reflector (6) The light returns along the original path and enters the b end of the second coupler (2); the light emitted from the second polarization controller (10) passes through the second collimator (11), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second After the two mirrors (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), and the first focusing mirror (15) irradiate the sample on the sample stage (16), the light scattered back from the sample returns along the original path and enters the first coupler (2) The c-end of the first coupler (2) interferes with the light entering the b-end and c-end of the first coupler (2), and the light after interference enters the fourth collimator (21), the grating ( 22), the second focusing mirror (23) and the line array camera (24), are collected interference signals by computer control acquisition card;

For the SD-OCT system and the AF dual-mode imaging system, the autofluorescence excitation light source (17), the third collimator (18), the second dichroic mirror (19), the photodetector (20), the first dichroic Chromatic mirror (12), second reflection mirror (13), scanning galvanometer (14), first focusing mirror (15), sample stage (16) constitute autofluorescence imaging system; From autofluorescence excitation light source (17) output The light passes through the third collimator (18), the second dichroic mirror (19), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second reflecting mirror (13), the scanning vibrating mirror (14), the second A focusing mirror (15) irradiates the sample on the sample stage (16) to excite autofluorescence, and the reflected autofluorescence passes through the first focusing mirror (15), scanning galvanometer (14), and second reflecting mirror (13) Afterwards, it is reflected on the first dichroic mirror (12), and then reflected on the second dichroic mirror (19) to enter the photodetector (20), and the acquisition card is controlled by a computer to collect autofluorescence signals.

The optical coherence tomography system and the autofluorescence imaging system utilize the first dichroic mirror (12), the second reflection mirror (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15) and the sample stage (16) TOGETHER ORGANICLY.

The wavelength band used by the light source of the optical coherence tomography system is 1300nm or 1550nm.

The autofluorescence excitation light source adopted by the autofluorescence imaging system can be a 780nm LED, a 785nm laser or other light sources covering 780nm.

The first dichroic mirror (12) is a dichroic mirror for long-wave transmission and short-wave reflection, and the second dichroic mirror (19) is a dichroic mirror for short-wave transmission and long-wave reflection.

The identification method of the thyroid neck tissue classification and identification system based on autofluorescence technology and optical coherence tomography provided by the present invention uses rough scanning and fine identification methods to locate and identify parathyroid glands, that is, firstly uses autofluorescence technology to control The scanning galvanometer (14) scans a large area of the parathyroid hot area to determine whether there is an autofluorescence signal. When it is determined that there is an area with an area of 8mm ² to 32mm ² and the autofluorescence signal is stronger than the autofluorescence signal of the surrounding samples , and then use the optical coherence tomography system to control the scanning galvanometer (14) to scan the area in a small area, collect the optical coherence tomography image of the area, further confirm whether the tissue in the area is parathyroid gland, and identify whether it is normal of the parathyroid glands. For other tissues that cannot be confirmed by doctors who have been removed during the operation, an optical coherence tomography system is used for scanning and imaging to classify and identify whether the tissue is thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, fat or lymph node.

The autofluorescence imaging system uses a photodetector to collect autofluorescence signals, and controls the scanning galvanometer (14) to scan to obtain a two-dimensional autofluorescence image.

Advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention:

The present invention realizes the classification and identification of thyroid neck tissue based on autofluorescence technology and optical coherence tomography, organically integrates autofluorescence technology and optical coherence tomography, and adopts the method of large-scale coarse positioning and small-scale fine identification , using autofluorescence technology for highly sensitive resolution of tissue components and optical coherence tomography for high-resolution imaging of tissue structures, to achieve fast, label-free, non-destructive, high-sensitivity, real-time classification and identification of thyroid neck tissue. It can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of doctors' classification and identification of parathyroid glands, thyroid glands, fat, lymph nodes and other neck tissues during clinical thyroid surgery, and assist doctors in protecting parathyroid glands and thoroughly dissecting lymph nodes.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the TD-OCT and AF dual-mode imaging system and the SS-OCT and AF dual-mode imaging system;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the SDOCT-AF dual-mode imaging system;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the scanning range;

In the figure, 1. Broad-spectrum light source, 2. First coupler, 3. First circulator, 4. First polarization controller, 5. First collimator, 6. First mirror, 7. Second Circulator, 8. Second coupler, 9. Balance detector, 10. Second polarization controller, 11. Second collimator, 12. First dichroic mirror, 13. Second mirror, 14. Scanning mirror, 15. First focusing mirror, 16. Sample stage, 17. Autofluorescence excitation light source, 18. Third collimator, 19. Second dichroic mirror, 20. Photodetector;

21 fourth collimator, 22 grating, 23 second focusing mirror, 24 line array camera;

25. Thyroid gland, 26. Parathyroid gland, 27. Autofluorescence system scanning area, 28. Optical coherence tomography system scanning area.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manner of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

For the TD-OCT and AF dual-mode imaging system and SS-OCT and AF dual-mode imaging system, the system hardware includes: 1300nm or 1550nm wide-spectrum light source (1), the first coupler (2), the first circulator (3 ), the first polarization controller (4), the first collimator (5), the first mirror (6), the second circulator (7), the second coupler (8), the balance detector (9) , the second polarization controller (10), the second collimator (11), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second reflection mirror (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15 ), sample stage (16), adopt 780nm LED or 785nm laser or other light sources covering 780nm as autofluorescence excitation light source (17), third collimator (18), second dichroic mirror (19), photoelectric detector (20);

Among them, the broadband light source (1), the first coupler (2), the first circulator (3), the first polarization controller (4), the first collimator (5), and the first mirror (6) , the second circulator (7), the second coupler (8), the balance detector (9), the second polarization controller (10), the second collimator (11), the first dichroic mirror (12 ), the second mirror (13), the scanning mirror (14), the first focusing mirror (15), and the sample stage (16) constitute an optical coherence tomography system; the light output from the broadband light source (1) passes through The light split by the first coupler (2) enters the first circulator (3) and the second circulator (7) respectively, and the light emitted from the first circulator (3) passes through the first polarization controller (4), the first After the collimator (5) irradiates on the first reflector (6), the light reflected from the first reflector (6) returns to the first circulator (3) along the original path and enters the a of the second coupler (8) end, the light emitted from the second circulator (7) passes through the second polarization controller (10), the second collimator (11), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second mirror (13), After the scanning galvanometer (14) and the first focusing mirror (15) irradiate the sample on the sample stage (16), the light scattered back from the sample returns to the second circulator (7) along the original path and enters the second coupler (8) The b-end of the second coupler (8) interferes with the light entering the a-end and b-end of the second coupler (8), and the light after interference enters the balance detector (9) from the c-end and d-end of the second coupler (8), and is determined by The computer controls the acquisition card to collect interference signals;

For the TD-OCT system, the first reflector (6) moves along the longitudinal direction to realize the deep scanning of the sample; for the SS-OCT system, the wide-spectrum light source (1) uses a swept-frequency wide-spectrum light source to realize the deep scanning of the sample;

Autofluorescence excitation light source (17), third collimator (18), second dichroic mirror (19), photodetector (20), first dichroic mirror (12), second reflection mirror (13 ), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15), and the sample stage (16) constitute the autofluorescence imaging system; the light output from the autofluorescence excitation light source (17) passes through the third collimator (18) in sequence ), the second dichroic mirror (19), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second reflection mirror (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15) and then irradiate on the sample stage ( Autofluorescence is excited on the sample on 16), and the reflected autofluorescence passes through the first focusing mirror (15), the scanning galvanometer (14), and the second mirror (13) on the first dichroic mirror (12) The reflection is reflected on the second dichroic mirror (19) and enters the photodetector (20), and the acquisition card is controlled by a computer to collect autofluorescence signals.

The above-mentioned first dichroic mirror (12) is a dichroic mirror for long-wave transmission and short-wave reflection, and the second dichroic mirror (19) is a dichroic mirror for short-wave transmission and long-wave reflection.

During specific scanning, at first utilize AF technology to control the scanning galvanometer (14) to scan in a large range (as shown in accompanying drawing 3) in the parathyroid heat zone, that is, the autofluorescence system scanning area (27), to determine whether there is a peak near 822nm near-infrared autofluorescence signal. When the photodetector (20) is used to detect an area with an area of 8 mm ² to 32 mm ² and the autofluorescence signal is stronger than the autofluorescence signal of the surrounding samples, the OCT system is used to control the scanning galvanometer (14). The area is scanned in a small area, that is, the scanning area (28) of the optical coherence tomography system (as shown in Figure 3), and the optical coherence tomography image of the area is collected to further confirm whether the tissue in the area is a parathyroid gland (26) , and identify whether it is a normal parathyroid gland. For other tissues that have been resected and cannot be identified by doctors, the OCT system is used for scanning and imaging to classify and identify whether the tissue is thyroid (25), parathyroid (26), fat or lymph nodes.

Example 2:

For the SD-OCT and AF dual-mode imaging system, the system hardware includes: 1300nm or 1550nm wide-spectrum light source (1), the first coupler (2), the first polarization controller (4), the first collimator (5 ), the first mirror (6), the fourth collimator (21), the grating (22), the second focusing mirror (23), the line scan camera (24), the second polarization controller (10), the second Collimator (11), first dichroic mirror (12), second reflector (13), scanning galvanometer (14), first focusing mirror (15), sample stage (16), LED with 780nm Or 785nm laser or other light source covering 780nm as autofluorescence excitation light source (17), third collimator (18), second dichroic mirror (19), photodetector (20);

Wherein, the wide-spectrum light source (1), the first coupler (2), the first polarization controller (4), the first collimator (5), the first mirror (6), the fourth collimator (21 ), grating (22), second focusing mirror (23), line scan camera (24), second polarization controller (10), second collimator (11), first dichroic mirror (12), The second reflecting mirror (13), the scanning vibrating mirror (14), the first focusing mirror (15), and the sample stage (16) constitute the SD-OCT system; the light output from the wide-spectrum light source (1) enters the first coupler ( 2) end a, enter the first polarization controller (4) and the second polarization controller (10) respectively from the b end and c end of the first coupler (2) after light splitting, from the first polarization controller (4) ) the outgoing light passes through the first collimator (5) and irradiates on the first reflector (6), and the light reflected from the first reflector (6) returns along the original path and enters b of the second coupler (2) end; the light emitted from the second polarization controller (10) passes through the second collimator (11), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second reflector (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), the second After a focusing mirror (15) irradiates the sample on the sample stage (16), the light scattered back from the sample returns along the original path and enters the c end of the first coupler (2); enters the b end of the first coupler (2) Interferes with the light at the c-end, and the interfering light exits from the d-end of the first coupler (2) and enters the fourth collimator (21), the grating (22), the second focusing mirror (23) and the line camera ( 24), the acquisition card is controlled by a computer to collect interference signals;

Autofluorescence excitation light source (17), third collimator (18), second dichroic mirror (19), photodetector (20), first dichroic mirror (12), second reflection mirror (13 ), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15), and the sample stage (16) constitute the autofluorescence imaging system; the light output from the autofluorescence excitation light source (17) passes through the third collimator (18) in sequence ), the second dichroic mirror (19), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second reflection mirror (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15) and then irradiate on the sample stage ( Autofluorescence is excited on the sample on 16), and the reflected autofluorescence passes through the first focusing mirror (15), the scanning galvanometer (14), and the second mirror (13) on the first dichroic mirror (12) The reflection is reflected on the second dichroic mirror (19) and enters the photodetector (20), and the acquisition card is controlled by a computer to collect autofluorescence signals.

The above-mentioned first dichroic mirror (12) is a dichroic mirror for long-wave transmission and short-wave reflection, and the second dichroic mirror (19) is a dichroic mirror for short-wave transmission and long-wave reflection.

During specific scanning, at first utilize autofluorescence technology to control scanning vibrating mirror (14) to scan in a large range (as shown in accompanying drawing 3) in the parathyroid heat zone (27) of the autofluorescence system to determine whether there is a peak at 822nm near-infrared autofluorescence signal. When a photodetector (20) is used to detect an area with an area of 8 mm ² to 32 mm ² and the autofluorescence signal is stronger than that of the surrounding samples, an optical coherence tomography system is used to control the scanning galvanometer (14 ) in this area, scan in a small area, that is, the scanning area (28) of the optical coherence tomography system (as shown in Figure 3), collect the optical coherence tomography image of this area, and further confirm whether the tissue in this area is a parathyroid gland (26), and identify whether it is a normal parathyroid gland. For other tissues that have been resected and cannot be identified by doctors, optical coherence tomography is used for scanning and imaging to classify and identify whether the tissue is thyroid (25), parathyroid glands (26), fat, or lymph nodes.

Claims (8)

1. The thyroid neck tissue classification and identification system based on autofluorescence technology and optical coherence tomography, it is characterized in that, described system is a kind of dual mode imaging system, comprises the optical coherence tomography (Optical Coherence tomography) connected in series Tomography, OCT) imaging system and autofluorescence (Auto-fluorescence, AF) imaging system, wherein the optical coherence tomography system is a time domain optical coherence tomography (Time Domain OCT, TD-OCT) system, spectral domain optical coherence layer Spectral-domain OCT (SD-OCT) system or swept source optical coherence tomography (Sweptsource OCT, SS-OCT) system; For TD-OCT and AF dual-mode imaging system and SS-OCT and AF dual-mode imaging system, the system hardware includes: wide-spectrum light source (1), first coupler (2), first circulator (3), first Polarization controller (4), first collimator (5), first mirror (6), second circulator (7), second coupler (8), balance detector (9), second polarization Controller (10), second collimator (11), first dichroic mirror (12), second mirror (13), scanning galvanometer (14), first focusing mirror (15), sample stage (16), autofluorescence excitation light source (17), third collimator (18), second dichroic mirror (19), photodetector (20); Among them, the broadband light source (1), the first coupler (2), the first circulator (3), the first polarization controller (4), the first collimator (5), and the first mirror (6) , the second circulator (7), the second coupler (8), the balance detector (9), the second polarization controller (10), the second collimator (11), the first dichroic mirror (12 ), the second mirror (13), the scanning mirror (14), the first focusing mirror (15), and the sample stage (16) constitute an optical coherence tomography system; the light output from the broadband light source (1) passes through The light split by the first coupler (2) enters the first circulator (3) and the second circulator (7) respectively, and the light emitted from the first circulator (3) passes through the first polarization controller (4), the first After the collimator (5) irradiates on the first reflector (6), the light reflected from the first reflector (6) returns to the first circulator (3) along the original path and enters the a of the second coupler (8) end, the light emitted from the second circulator (7) passes through the second polarization controller (10), the second collimator (11), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second mirror (13), After the scanning galvanometer (14) and the first focusing mirror (15) irradiate the sample on the sample stage (16), the light scattered back from the sample returns to the second circulator (7) along the original path and enters the second coupler (8) The b-end of the second coupler (8) interferes with the light entering the a-end and b-end of the second coupler (8), and the light after interference enters the balance detector (9) from the c-end and d-end of the second coupler (8), and is determined by The computer controls the acquisition card to collect interference signals; For the TD-OCT system, the first reflector (6) moves along the longitudinal direction to realize the deep scanning of the sample; for the SS-OCT system, the wide-spectrum light source (1) uses a swept-frequency wide-spectrum light source to realize the deep scanning of the sample; Autofluorescence excitation light source (17), third collimator (18), second dichroic mirror (19), photodetector (20), first dichroic mirror (12), second reflection mirror (13 ), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15), and the sample stage (16) constitute the autofluorescence imaging system; the light output from the autofluorescence excitation light source (17) passes through the third collimator (18) in sequence ), the second dichroic mirror (19), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second reflection mirror (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15) and then irradiate on the sample stage ( Autofluorescence is excited on the sample on 16), and the reflected autofluorescence passes through the first focusing mirror (15), the scanning galvanometer (14), and the second mirror (13) on the first dichroic mirror (12) The reflection is reflected on the second dichroic mirror (19) and enters the photodetector (20), and the acquisition card is controlled by a computer to collect autofluorescence signals. 2. the thyroid neck tissue classification and identification system based on autofluorescence technology and optical coherence tomography according to claim 1, is characterized in that, for SD-OCT and AF dual-mode imaging system, system hardware comprises: wide spectrum Light source (1), first coupler (2), first polarization controller (4), first collimator (5), first mirror (6), fourth collimator (21), grating ( 22), the second focusing mirror (23), the line camera (24), the second polarization controller (10), the second collimator (11), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second mirror (13), scanning galvanometer (14), first focusing mirror (15), sample stage (16), autofluorescence excitation light source (17), third collimator (18), second dichroic mirror (19 ), photodetector (20); Wherein, the wide-spectrum light source (1), the first coupler (2), the first polarization controller (4), the first collimator (5), the first mirror (6), the fourth collimator (21 ), grating (22), second focusing mirror (23), line scan camera (24), second polarization controller (10), second collimator (11), first dichroic mirror (12), The second reflecting mirror (13), the scanning vibrating mirror (14), the first focusing mirror (15), and the sample stage (16) constitute the SD-OCT system; the light output from the wide-spectrum light source (1) enters the first coupler ( 2) end a, enter the first polarization controller (4) and the second polarization controller (10) respectively from the b end and c end of the first coupler (2) after light splitting, from the first polarization controller (4) ) the outgoing light passes through the first collimator (5) and irradiates on the first reflector (6), and the light reflected from the first reflector (6) returns along the original path and enters b of the second coupler (2) end; the light emitted from the second polarization controller (10) passes through the second collimator (11), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second reflector (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), the second After a focusing mirror (15) irradiates the sample on the sample stage (16), the light scattered back from the sample returns along the original path and enters the c end of the first coupler (2); enters the b end of the first coupler (2) Interferes with the light at the c-end, and the interfering light exits from the d-end of the first coupler (2) and enters the fourth collimator (21), the grating (22), the second focusing mirror (23) and the line camera ( 24), the acquisition card is controlled by a computer to collect interference signals; Autofluorescence excitation light source (17), third collimator (18), second dichroic mirror (19), photodetector (20), first dichroic mirror (12), second reflection mirror (13 ), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15), and the sample stage (16) constitute the autofluorescence imaging system; the light output from the autofluorescence excitation light source (17) passes through the third collimator (18) in sequence ), the second dichroic mirror (19), the first dichroic mirror (12), the second reflection mirror (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15) and then irradiate on the sample stage ( Autofluorescence is excited on the sample on 16), and the reflected autofluorescence passes through the first focusing mirror (15), the scanning galvanometer (14), and the second mirror (13) on the first dichroic mirror (12) The reflection is reflected on the second dichroic mirror (19) and enters the photodetector (20), and the acquisition card is controlled by a computer to collect autofluorescence signals. 3. The thyroid neck tissue classification and identification system based on autofluorescence technology and optical coherence tomography according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the dual-mode imaging system, i.e. OCT system and AF imaging system The first dichroic mirror (12), the second reflection mirror (13), the scanning galvanometer (14), the first focusing mirror (15) and the sample stage (16) are organically fused together. 4. the thyroid neck tissue classification and identification system based on autofluorescence technology and optical coherence tomography according to claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the waveband that the broadband light source of described OCT system adopts is at 1300nm or 1550nm. 5. The thyroid neck tissue classification and identification system based on autofluorescence technology and optical coherence tomography according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the autofluorescence excitation light source adopted by the AF imaging system adopts 780nm LEDs, 785nm lasers or other light sources covering 780nm. 6. The thyroid neck tissue classification and identification system based on autofluorescence technology and optical coherence tomography according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the first described dichroic mirror (12) is a long-wave transmission The short-wave reflecting dichroic mirror and the second dichroic mirror (19) are short-wave transmitting and long-wave reflecting dichroic mirrors. 7. The method for thyroid neck tissue classification and identification based on the system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the positioning and identification of parathyroid glands is carried out by using the method of rough scanning and fine identification, that is, the AF system is firstly used to control the scanning The vibrating mirror (14) scans a large area of the parathyroid hot area to determine whether there is an autofluorescence signal. When it is determined that there is an area with an area of 8 mm ² to 32 mm ² and the AF signal is stronger than that of the surrounding samples, then use The OCT system controls the scanning vibrating mirror (14) to carry out small-scale scanning in this area, gathers the OCT image of this area, further confirms whether the tissue in this area is a parathyroid gland, and identifies whether it is a normal parathyroid gland; For other tissues that cannot be confirmed by the doctor, the OCT system is used for scanning and imaging to classify and identify whether the tissue is thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, fat or lymph node. 8. The method for classifying and identifying thyroid neck tissue according to claim 7, wherein the AF system uses a photodetector to collect AF intensity signals, and controls the scanning galvanometer (14) to scan to obtain a two-dimensional AF intensity image.