CN108515956B - Three-bridge relay valve - Google Patents
Three-bridge relay valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN108515956B CN108515956B CN201810621990.9A CN201810621990A CN108515956B CN 108515956 B CN108515956 B CN 108515956B CN 201810621990 A CN201810621990 A CN 201810621990A CN 108515956 B CN108515956 B CN 108515956B
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T15/00—Construction arrangement, or operation of valves incorporated in power brake systems and not covered by groups B60T11/00 or B60T13/00
- B60T15/02—Application and release valves
- B60T15/18—Triple or other relay valves which allow step-wise application or release and which are actuated by brake-pipe pressure variation to connect brake cylinders or equivalent to compressed air or vacuum source or atmosphere
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Hydraulic Control Valves For Brake Systems (AREA)
- Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-bridge relay valve which comprises a valve cover and a valve body which are in sealing connection, wherein a control port is arranged on the valve cover, an air supply port, a brake air inlet, six brake air outlets and a brake air exhaust port are arranged on the valve body, a brake piston is arranged in the valve body, a brake valve is arranged below the brake piston, a brake air cavity is communicated with the brake air outlet, one side of the valve body is provided with a heavy brake pressure-variable regulating valve and a light brake pressure-variable regulating valve, an air inlet of the heavy brake pressure-variable regulating valve is communicated with the brake air outlet, an air outlet of the heavy brake pressure-variable regulating valve is communicated with an air inlet of the light brake pressure-variable regulating valve, and an air outlet of the light brake pressure-variable regulating valve is communicated with a buffer air cavity through a third channel. The brake is soft and stable in light vehicles or simple road conditions, and the brake flexibility of heavy vehicles or complex road conditions is high, so that the brake requirements of different loads or road conditions are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile brake, in particular to a three-bridge relay valve.
Background
The relay valve belongs to a part of an automobile air brake system, in a brake system of a truck, the relay valve plays a role in shortening reaction time and pressure building time, and is used for the tail end of a long pipeline, so that compressed air in an air storage cylinder can be quickly filled in a brake air chamber, working braking, air inflation, emergency braking and exhaust functions of the air storage cylinder are realized, and the three-bridge relay valve is widely used in the automobile brake system at present, particularly in a trailer or semitrailer brake system.
Most of three-bridge relay valves in the market realize the purpose of boosting by valve covers or valve body air outlets, and the three-bridge relay valves control the braking of the automobile flexibly and conveniently, but because the requirements on braking force of the automobile are different when the automobile is under different loads and running road conditions, the existing relay valves cannot be used for pressure adjustment according to different use requirements or are single in adjustment method, and the problems of inflexibility and poor degree of flexibility of heavy automobile exist when the automobile is controlled to brake.
The invention provides a three-bridge relay valve, wherein a heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve and a light brake variable pressure regulating valve are arranged on one side of a valve body, the preset pressure values of the two regulating valves can be freely regulated, corresponding braking forces can be properly reduced when a vehicle is empty or light-load and road conditions are simple, the light vehicle and the simple road conditions can be ensured to be braked slowly and stably, and enough braking forces can be provided for braking when the vehicle is heavy or the road conditions are complex, so that the braking flexibility of the heavy vehicle and the complex road conditions is high, and the braking requirements of different loads or road conditions can be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-bridge relay valve, which is used for solving the problems of poor flexibility of light braking and poor flexibility of heavy vehicle of the existing relay valve when controlling braking.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the three-bridge relay valve comprises a valve cover and a valve body which are in sealing connection, a control port communicated with a control air source is arranged on the valve cover, an air supply port communicated with the air supply air source, a brake air inlet communicated with an air storage cylinder, six brake air outlets communicated with a brake cylinder and a brake air exhaust port communicated with the outside are arranged on the valve body, a brake piston is arranged in the valve body, a brake valve is arranged below the brake piston, the brake piston is of a stepped structure, the brake piston comprises a large piston, a middle piston and a small piston which are sequentially connected, a cavity between the valve cover and the large piston is a control air cavity, the control air cavity is communicated with the control port, a buffer air cavity is formed among the large piston, the middle piston and the valve body, a brake air cavity is formed among the middle piston, the small piston and the valve body, the brake air cavity is communicated with the brake air outlet, one side of the valve body is provided with a heavy pressure-changing regulating valve and a light pressure-changing regulating valve, an air inlet of the heavy pressure-changing regulating valve is communicated with the brake air outlet through a first channel, an air outlet of the heavy pressure-changing regulating valve is communicated with the brake air outlet through a second channel, and an air outlet of the heavy pressure-changing regulating valve is communicated with a light pressure-changing regulating valve through a pressure channel.
Preferably, the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve comprises a first valve body, an air inlet and an air outlet of the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve are both arranged on the first valve body, a connecting rod and a first piston are arranged in the first valve body, the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the first valve body and is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the outer diameter of the upper part of the connecting rod is smaller than that of the lower part of the connecting rod, a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring are sleeved on the lower part of the connecting rod, the first sealing ring and the second sealing ring are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of a first channel, a first air cavity communicated with the first channel is formed among the first sealing ring, the second sealing ring and the side wall of the first valve body, a central shaft hole is axially arranged at the center of the connecting rod, the bottom of the central shaft hole is plugged by a plug, the first through hole is communicated with the first air cavity and the central shaft hole, the first piston is in a cylinder shape with the upper end being sealed, the lower opening of the first piston is sleeved on the upper part of the connecting rod and is in sealing connection with the side wall of the upper part of the connecting rod through a fifth sealing ring, the upper end and the lower end of the first piston are respectively sleeved with a third sealing ring and a fourth sealing ring, a second air cavity is formed between the third sealing ring, the fourth sealing ring and the side wall of the first valve body, a second through hole is formed in the side surface of the first piston and is communicated with the central shaft hole and the second air cavity, the upper end of the first piston is connected with a first variable pressure regulating device, when the gas pressure acting under the first piston is smaller than or equal to the preset pressure value of the first variable pressure regulating device, the second air cavity is communicated with a second channel, the channels between the air inlet and the air outlet of the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve are communicated, when the gas pressure acting under the first piston is larger than the preset pressure value of the first variable pressure regulating device, and the fourth sealing ring moves to the upper part of the second channel, and the channel between the air inlet and the air outlet of the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve is closed.
Preferably, the light brake variable pressure regulating valve comprises a second valve body, an air inlet and an air outlet of the light brake variable pressure regulating valve are formed in the second valve body, a second piston is arranged in the second valve body, a second variable pressure regulating device is connected above the second piston, an air inlet valve is arranged below the second piston, the second piston comprises a first cylinder part and a second cylinder part which are connected up and down, the outer diameter of the first cylinder part is larger than that of the second cylinder part, a bottom plate with an intermediate opening is connected to the bottom of the first cylinder part, the second cylinder part is communicated with the opening on the bottom plate of the first cylinder part, when the air pressure below the second piston is smaller than or equal to a preset pressure value of the second variable pressure regulating device, the lower end of the second piston pushes away the air inlet valve, a channel between the air inlet and the air outlet of the light brake variable pressure regulating valve is opened, when the air pressure below the second piston is larger than the preset pressure value of the second variable pressure regulating device, the lower end of the second piston is separated from the valve, and the air inlet valve is closed, and the channel between the air inlet and the air outlet of the light brake variable pressure regulating valve is closed.
Preferably, the lower part of the connecting rod is provided with an exhaust channel parallel to the central shaft hole, an upper opening of the exhaust channel is arranged above the first sealing ring, a bottom opening of the exhaust channel is communicated with the outside, when the gas pressure below the first piston is smaller than or equal to the preset pressure value of the first pressure-changing adjusting device, the fourth sealing ring at the lower end of the first piston is tightly contacted with the first sealing ring at the upper end of the connecting rod to form sealing connection, the exhaust channel is closed, when the gas pressure below the first piston is larger than the preset pressure value of the first pressure-changing adjusting device, the first piston moves upwards, and the exhaust channel is communicated with the second channel.
Preferably, the first voltage transformation adjusting device comprises a first bolt seat, a first voltage transformation adjusting bolt and a first spring, wherein the first bolt seat is arranged above the first valve body, the first voltage transformation adjusting bolt is in threaded fit with the first bolt seat, the lower end of the first voltage transformation adjusting bolt stretches into the first valve body, the upper end of the first spring is connected with the first voltage transformation adjusting bolt, and the lower end of the first spring is connected with the first piston.
Preferably, the second pressure-changing adjusting device comprises a second bolt seat, a second pressure-changing adjusting bolt and a second spring, wherein the second bolt seat is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the upper part and the lower part of the second bolt seat are both cylindrical, the outer diameter of the upper part of the second bolt seat is smaller than that of the lower part of the second bolt seat, the upper part of the second bolt seat extends out of the second valve body, the lower part of the second bolt seat is connected with the second valve body through external threads, the second pressure-changing adjusting bolt is in threaded fit with the upper part of the second bolt seat, the upper end of the second spring is connected with the second pressure-changing adjusting bolt, and the lower end of the second spring is connected with the second piston by penetrating through the second bolt seat.
Preferably, the brake gas inlet comprises a first brake gas inlet, a second brake gas inlet, a third brake gas inlet, a fourth brake gas inlet and a fifth brake gas inlet, wherein the first brake gas inlet is arranged on one side of the valve body opposite to the gas supply port, the second brake gas inlet is vertically arranged and communicated with the first brake gas inlet, the third brake gas inlet and the fourth brake gas inlet are arranged on two sides below the gas supply port and are communicated with the inner cavity of the valve body, the fifth brake gas inlet is vertically arranged and communicated with the gas supply port, a one-way valve is arranged in the fifth brake gas inlet, the conducting direction of the one-way valve points to a gas storage cylinder connected with the fifth brake gas inlet from the gas supply side, and an opening communicated with the inner cavity of the valve body is formed in the wall of the fifth brake gas inlet.
Preferably, a first exhaust hole communicated with the outside is formed in the upper portion of the first valve body, and the first exhaust hole is located above the stroke range of the first piston.
Preferably, a second exhaust hole is formed in the upper portion of the second valve body, the second exhaust hole is formed in the lower portion of the stroke range of the second variable-pressure adjusting bolt, one end of the second exhaust hole is communicated with an opening in the second piston bottom plate, and the other end of the second exhaust hole is communicated with the outside.
The invention has the following advantages:
According to the three-bridge relay valve provided by the invention, one side of the valve body is provided with the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve and the light brake variable pressure regulating valve, the preset pressure values of the two regulating valves can be freely regulated, the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve can control the on-off of air inlet in the light brake variable pressure regulating valve, air from the brake air outlet sequentially passes through the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve and the light brake variable pressure regulating valve and then returns to the buffer air cavity below the brake piston to react with the descending brake piston, so that the descending speed of the brake piston is slowed down, the corresponding braking force is properly reduced when a vehicle is unloaded or lightly loaded and the road condition is simple, the light vehicle and the simple road condition can be ensured to brake slowly and stably, the air inlet in the light brake variable pressure regulating valve is closed by the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve when the vehicle is heavily loaded or the road condition is complex, meanwhile, the brake air stored in the buffer air cavity flows back to the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve and is discharged to the outside atmosphere, the pressure below the brake piston descends rapidly, and enough braking force is provided for braking the brake piston to brake, so that the heavy vehicle and the road condition can meet the braking requirements of different or the road condition.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-bridge relay valve according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the valve body of a three-bridge relay valve according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of a three-bridge relay valve according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a section A-A of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a light brake variable pressure control valve of a three-bridge relay valve of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of B-B of fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve of a three-bridge relay valve of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 3C-C.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an open state of a brake valve of a three-bridge relay valve according to the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the brake valve of the three-bridge relay valve of the present invention in a closed state.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the three-bridge relay valve of the present invention when the vehicle is in idle or light load braking.
Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the closed state of the light brake variable pressure regulating valve of the three-bridge relay valve of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the operating principle of the three-bridge relay valve of the present invention when the vehicle is braked heavily.
Detailed Description
The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, the three-bridge relay valve provided in this embodiment includes a valve cover 1 and a valve body 2 that are in sealing connection, a control port 11 that is connected to a control air source is provided on the valve cover 1, and as shown in fig. 2, an air supply port 21 that is connected to an air supply source, a brake air inlet 22 that is connected to an air reservoir, six brake air outlets 23 that are connected to a brake cylinder, and a brake air outlet 24 that is connected to the outside are provided on the valve body 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the brake air inlet 22 comprises a first brake air inlet 221, a second brake air inlet 222, a third brake air inlet 223, a fourth brake air inlet 224 and a fifth brake air inlet 225, the first brake air inlet 221 is arranged on one side of the valve body 2 opposite to the air supply port 21, the second brake air inlet 222 is vertically arranged and communicated with the first brake air inlet 221, the third brake air inlet 223 and the fourth brake air inlet 224 are arranged on two sides below the air supply port 21 and communicated with the inner cavity of the valve body 2, the fifth brake air inlet 225 is vertically arranged and communicated with the air supply port 21, a one-way valve is arranged in the fifth brake air inlet 225, the conducting direction of the one-way valve points to an air storage cylinder connected with the fifth brake air inlet 225 from the air supply side, an opening communicated with the inner cavity of the valve body 2 is formed in the pipe wall of the fifth brake air inlet 225, and the one-way valve can prevent the air flow in the air storage cylinder from flowing to the air supply side.
As shown in fig. 4, a brake piston 25 is installed in the valve body 2, a brake valve 26 is installed below the brake piston 25, an exhaust through hole communicated with a brake air exhaust port 24 at the bottom of the valve body 2 is formed in the brake valve 26, the brake piston 25 is of a stepped structure, the brake piston 25 comprises a large piston, a middle piston and a small piston which are sequentially connected, a control air cavity 27 is formed between the valve cover 1 and the large piston, the control air cavity 27 is communicated with the control port 11, a buffer air cavity 28 is formed between the large piston, the middle piston and the valve body 2, a brake air cavity 29 is formed between the middle piston, the small piston and the valve body 2, and the brake air cavity 29 is communicated with the brake air outlet 23.
The heavy brake pressure-variable regulating valve 3 and the light brake pressure-variable regulating valve 4 are arranged on one side of the valve body 2, the air inlet of the heavy brake pressure-variable regulating valve 3 is communicated with the brake air outlet 23 through the first channel 5, the air outlet of the heavy brake pressure-variable regulating valve 3 is communicated with the air inlet of the light brake pressure-variable regulating valve 4 through the second channel 6, the air outlet of the light brake pressure-variable regulating valve 4 is communicated with the buffer air cavity 28 through the third channel 7, in addition, the air inlet of the heavy brake pressure-variable regulating valve 3 can be directly communicated to the inner cavity of the valve body 2, the brake air from the air storage cylinder can directly enter the buffer air cavity 28 after passing through the heavy brake pressure-variable regulating valve 3 and the light brake pressure-variable regulating valve 4, and ventilation is carried out after the brake valve 26 is not required to be waited for, the buffer air cavity 28 is always available, but for a common vehicle, the brake is relatively deficient in braking flexibility, and the braking effect for a vehicle with a short car and a high front axle is better, and the scheme can be freely selected according to the requirements of customers.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve 3 includes a first valve body 31, and an air inlet and an air outlet of the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve 3 are both opened on the first valve body 31. The connecting rod 32 and the first piston 33 are arranged in the first valve body 31, the connecting rod 32 is fixedly connected with the first valve body 31, the connecting rod 32 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the outer diameter of the upper part of the connecting rod 32 is smaller than that of the lower part of the connecting rod 32, the lower part of the connecting rod 32 is sleeved with a first sealing ring 321 and a second sealing ring 322, the first sealing ring 321 and the second sealing ring 322 are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the first channel 5, a first air cavity 34 communicated with the first channel 5 is formed among the first sealing ring 321, the second sealing ring 322 and the side wall of the first valve body 31, a central shaft hole 323 is axially arranged at the center of the connecting rod 32, a first through hole 324 is radially formed at the lower part of the connecting rod 32, and the first through hole 324 is communicated with the first air cavity 34 and the central shaft hole 323. The first piston 33 is in a cylinder shape with a closed upper end, the first piston 33 is sleeved on the upper portion of the connecting rod 32 and is in sealing connection with the side wall of the upper portion of the connecting rod 32 through a fifth sealing ring 326, a third sealing ring 331 and a fourth sealing ring 332 are sleeved on the upper end and the lower end of the first piston 33 respectively, a second air cavity 35 is formed between the third sealing ring 331, the fourth sealing ring 332 and the side wall of the first valve body 31, a second through hole 333 is formed in the side face of the first piston 33, the second through hole 333 is communicated with the central shaft hole 323 and the second air cavity 35, a first exhaust hole 311 communicated with the outside is formed in the upper portion of the first valve body 31, the first exhaust hole 311 is located above the stroke range of the first piston 33, and when the first piston 33 moves upwards, air above the first piston 33 is discharged out of the outside through the first exhaust hole 311, and smooth upward movement of the first piston 33 can be guaranteed.
The upper end of the first piston 33 is connected with a first variable pressure regulating device 36, when the gas pressure below the first piston 33 is smaller than or equal to the preset pressure value of the first variable pressure regulating device 36, the second air cavity 35 is communicated with the second channel 6, the channel between the air inlet and the air outlet of the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve 3 is communicated, when the gas pressure below the first piston 33 is larger than the preset pressure value of the first variable pressure regulating device 36, the fourth sealing ring 332 moves upwards to the upper side of the second channel 6, and the channel between the air inlet and the air outlet of the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve 3 is closed.
As shown in fig. 8, the lower portion of the connecting rod 32 is provided with a vent passage 325 in a penetrating manner parallel to the central shaft hole 323, the upper opening of the vent passage 325 is provided on the upper surface of the first sealing ring 321, the bottom opening of the vent passage 325 is communicated with the outside, when the gas pressure acting under the first piston 33 is less than or equal to the preset pressure value of the first pressure varying regulator 36, the fourth sealing ring 332 at the lower end of the first piston 33 is in close contact with the first sealing ring 321 at the upper end of the connecting rod 32 to form a sealing connection, the vent passage 325 is closed, when the gas pressure acting under the first piston 33 is greater than the preset pressure value of the first pressure varying regulator 36, the first piston 33 is moved upward, and the second passage 6 is communicated with the vent passage 325.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the light brake variable pressure regulating valve 4 comprises a second valve body 41, an air inlet and an air outlet of the light brake variable pressure regulating valve 4 are both formed in the second valve body 41, a second piston 42 is arranged in the second valve body 41, a second variable pressure regulating device 43 is connected above the second piston 42, an air inlet valve 44 is arranged below the second piston 42, the second piston 42 comprises a first cylinder part and a second cylinder part which are connected up and down, the outer diameter of the first cylinder part is larger than that of the second cylinder part, the bottom of the first cylinder part is connected with a bottom plate with a middle hole, and the second cylinder part is communicated with the hole in the bottom plate of the first cylinder part.
When the gas pressure below the second piston 42 is smaller than or equal to the preset pressure value of the second variable pressure regulating device 43, the lower end of the second piston 42 pushes open the air inlet valve 44, a channel between the air inlet and the air outlet of the light brake variable pressure regulating valve 4 is opened, when the gas pressure below the second piston 42 is larger than the preset pressure value of the second variable pressure regulating device 43, the lower end of the second piston 42 is separated from the air inlet valve 44, the air inlet valve 44 is closed, the channel between the air inlet and the air outlet of the light brake variable pressure regulating valve 4 is closed, in addition, a reserved opening 45 is further arranged on the light brake variable pressure regulating valve 4, the channel can be directly opened to the brake air cavity 29 through the reserved opening 45, the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve 3 is omitted, buffer regulation is carried out only by the light brake variable pressure regulating valve, the economic cost is reduced, and a customer can select different products according to economical and practical conditions, but the brake braking effect only provided with the light brake variable pressure regulating valve is not as that provided with the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve and the light brake variable pressure regulating valve.
As shown in fig. 7, the first variable-pressure adjusting device 36 includes a first bolt seat 361, a first variable-pressure adjusting bolt 362 and a first spring 363, the first bolt seat 361 is installed above the first valve body 31, the first variable-pressure adjusting bolt 362 is in threaded engagement with the first bolt seat 361, the lower end of the first variable-pressure adjusting bolt 362 extends into the first valve body 31, the upper end of the first spring 363 is connected with the first variable-pressure adjusting bolt 362, and the lower end of the first spring 363 is connected with the first piston 33.
As shown in fig. 5, the second variable-pressure adjusting device 43 includes a second bolt seat 431, a second variable-pressure adjusting bolt 432, and a second spring 433, where the second bolt seat 431 is divided into an upper portion and a lower portion, and the upper portion and the lower portion of the second bolt seat are both cylindrical, the outer diameter of the upper portion of the second bolt seat 431 is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower portion, the upper portion of the second bolt seat 431 extends out of the second valve body 41, the lower portion of the second bolt seat 431 is connected with the second valve body 41 through external threads, the second variable-pressure adjusting bolt 432 is in threaded fit with the upper portion of the second bolt seat 431, the upper end of the second spring 433 is connected with the second piston 42 through the second bolt seat 431, the upper portion of the second valve body 41 is provided with a second exhaust hole, one end of the second exhaust hole is communicated with an opening on a bottom plate of the second piston 42, and the other end of the second exhaust hole is communicated with the outside.
The compression amount of the first spring 363 or the second spring 433 is correspondingly adjusted by rotating the first variable-pressure adjusting bolt 362 or the second variable-pressure adjusting bolt 432, so that the gas pressure required for opening the first piston 33 or the second piston 42 is changed, and a driver can adjust the first variable-pressure adjusting bolt 362 or the second variable-pressure adjusting bolt 432 to a proper position according to different loads or driving road conditions of the automobile, thereby ensuring the braking effect of safe driving.
The working process of the three-bridge relay valve of this embodiment is as follows:
brake air from an air supply source enters the inner cavity of the valve body 2 through the air supply port 21, the brake valve 26 is in a closed state at the moment, and the brake air is flushed into the air storage cylinder of the vehicle through the brake air inlet 22;
When the vehicle is in no load or light load or the road condition is simple, and the driver presses down the brake pedal, control air from a control air source enters the control air cavity 27 from the control opening 11 and pushes the brake piston 25 to move downwards, the brake piston 25 pushes the brake valve 26 below, as shown in fig. 9, brake air in the air storage cylinder is flushed into the inner cavity of the valve body 2 from the brake air inlet 22 and enters the control air cavity 27, most of the brake air in the control air cavity 27 is flushed into the brake cylinder of the vehicle from the brake air outlet 23 and brakes the running, the other part of the brake air enters the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve 3 from the first channel 5, as shown in fig. 11, the brake air entering the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve 3 enters the second air cavity 35 from the first air cavity 34 through the first through hole 324, the central shaft hole 323 and the second through hole 333, the brake air pressure acting below the first piston 33 is lower than the preset pressure value of the first variable pressure regulating device 36 initially, the second air cavity 35 is communicated with the second channel 6, the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve 3 is in an open state, and the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve 3 enters the light brake variable pressure regulating valve 4 from the second channel 6;
The brake gas entering the light brake pressure-changing regulating valve 4 acts below the second piston 42, the brake gas pressure is initially smaller than the preset pressure value of the second pressure-changing regulating device 43, the lower end of the second piston 42 pushes open the air inlet valve, the channel between the air inlet and the air outlet of the light brake pressure-changing regulating valve 4 is opened, the brake gas enters the buffer air chamber 28 from the third channel 7, and acts upward reaction force on the brake piston 25 to reduce the descending speed, the control gas pressure above the brake piston 25 is larger than the brake gas pressure below the brake piston 25 due to the larger area of the brake piston 25, the brake piston 25 can continue to descend, the brake gas in the buffer air chamber 28 is continuously compressed, when the brake gas pressure in the buffer air chamber 28 exceeds the preset pressure value of the second pressure-changing regulating device 43, the second piston 42 moves upward, the air inlet valve 44 is reset and closed, as shown in fig. 12, the passage between the air inlet and the air outlet of the light brake variable pressure regulating valve 4 is closed, the opening on the bottom plate of the second piston 42 is communicated with the buffer air cavity 28, the air exhaust passage of the light brake variable pressure regulating valve 4 is opened, the brake air in the buffer air cavity 28 is exhausted to the outside through the opening on the bottom plate of the second piston 42 and the second air exhaust hole on the upper part of the second bolt seat 431, when the brake air pressure in the buffer air cavity 28 is lower than the preset pressure value of the second variable pressure regulating device 43 again, the second piston 42 pushes the air inlet valve 44 again, the brake air from the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve enters the buffer air cavity 28 again through the third passage 7 and repeats the above-mentioned process, therefore, a certain balance air pressure is always present in the buffer air cavity 28 through the continuous air charging and discharging process of the buffer air cavity 28, the descending speed of the brake piston 25 is slowed down, the brake air flow rate entering the brake cylinder is slowed down, the braking effect is soft and stable under no load or light load;
When the vehicle is heavily loaded or the road condition is complicated, the driver generally subconsciously steps on the brake pedal again, the impact force of control air on the brake piston 25 is larger, the air pressure entering the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve 3 from the brake air outlet 23 is also larger, the air pressure acting below the first piston 33 exceeds the preset pressure value of the first variable pressure regulating device 36, the first piston 33 moves upwards, as shown in fig. 13, the fourth sealing ring 332 moves upwards to the upper part of the second channel 6, the second air cavity 35 is not communicated with the second channel 6, the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve 3 is in a closed state, the air inlet of the light brake variable pressure regulating valve 4 is disconnected, because the first piston 33 moves upwards, the upper opening of the air outlet channel 325 on the connecting rod 32 is communicated with the second channel 6, at the moment, under the condition that the buffer air cavity 28 does not have the air supplement, the air inlet valve 44 in the light brake variable pressure regulating valve 4 is in a normally open state, the buffer air cavity 28 is communicated with the second channel 6, and thus the balance air pressure in the buffer air cavity 28 moves downwards to the second channel 6 through the third channel 7, the second channel 6 in sequence, the air intake channel 35 is not communicated with the second channel 6, the air pressure in the heavy brake variable pressure regulating valve 3 is rapidly reduced to the air pressure 25, the brake pump is rapidly braked, the brake effect is not fast, the brake effect is fast, and the brake effect is fast is not fast, and the brake effect is fast is achieved, and the brake is fast when the brake is fast, the outside, the brake is not easy, and the brake is rapidly well, and the brake is has high, and has high pressure and has high safety;
When a driver releases a brake pedal and releases the brake, control air in the control air cavity 27 returns to the control air source side to be deflated, brake air pressure in the brake air cavity 29 is larger than the control air pressure in the control air cavity 27, the brake piston 25 rises, the brake valve 26 is reset to be closed, as shown in fig. 10, an air inlet channel from the air storage cylinder to the brake air cavity 29 is closed, the brake air cavity 29 is communicated with the brake air outlet 24 at the bottom of the valve body 2 through an air outlet hole in the middle of the brake valve 26, and brake air in the brake air cavity 29 is discharged from the brake air outlet 24, so that corresponding brake force can be properly reduced when a vehicle is empty or lightly loaded and a road condition is simple, the softness and stability of the brake of the light vehicle and the simple road condition are ensured, and when the vehicle is heavily loaded or the road condition is complex, the brake flexibility is high, and the brake requirements of different loads or road conditions can be met.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (7)
1. The three-bridge relay valve is characterized in that the three-bridge relay valve comprises a valve cover (1) and a valve body (2) which are in sealing connection, a control port (11) communicated with a control air source is arranged on the valve cover (1), an air supply port (21) communicated with an air supply air source, a brake air inlet (22) communicated with an air storage cylinder, six brake air outlets (23) communicated with a brake sub-pump and a brake air exhaust port (24) communicated with the outside are arranged on the valve body (2), a brake piston (25) is arranged in the valve body (2), the brake piston (25) is of a stepped structure, the brake piston (25) comprises a large piston, a middle piston and a small piston which are sequentially connected, a control air cavity (27) is formed between the valve cover (1) and the large piston, the control air cavity (27) is communicated with the control port (11), a buffer air cavity (28) is formed between the large piston, the middle piston and the valve body (2), a brake air cavity (29) is formed between the middle piston, the small piston and the valve body (2), the brake piston (25) is provided with a pressure regulating valve (2), the brake air cavity (25) is arranged on one side of the brake valve body (4), an air inlet of the heavy brake pressure-changing regulating valve (3) is communicated with a brake air outlet (23) through a first channel (5), an air outlet of the heavy brake pressure-changing regulating valve (3) is communicated with an air inlet of the light brake pressure-changing regulating valve (4) through a second channel (6), and an air outlet of the light brake pressure-changing regulating valve (4) is communicated with a buffer air cavity (28) through a third channel (7);
The heavy brake pressure-variable regulating valve (3) comprises a first valve body (31), an air inlet and an air outlet of the heavy brake pressure-variable regulating valve (3) are formed in the first valve body (31), a connecting rod (32) and a first piston (33) are arranged in the first valve body (31), the connecting rod (32) is fixedly connected with the first valve body (31), the connecting rod (32) is divided into an upper part and a lower part, the outer diameter of the upper part of the connecting rod (32) is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower part of the connecting rod (32), a first sealing ring (321) and a second sealing ring (322) are sleeved on the lower part of the connecting rod (32), the first sealing ring (321) and the second sealing ring (322) are respectively positioned on the upper side and the lower side of a first channel (5), a first air cavity (34) communicated with the first channel (5) is formed between the first sealing ring (321), the second sealing ring (322) and the side wall of the first valve body (31), a central shaft hole (323) is formed in the axial direction at the center of the connecting rod (32), the lower part of the connecting rod (32) is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower part of the connecting rod (32), a first through hole (324) is formed in the radial direction, the central shaft hole (324) is communicated with the first air cavity (33), the first piston (33) is sleeved on the upper part of the connecting rod (32) and is in sealing connection with the side wall of the upper part of the connecting rod (32) through a fifth sealing ring (326), when the gas pressure below the first piston (33) is smaller than or equal to the preset pressure value of the first pressure changing regulating device (36), the second sealing ring (35) is communicated with the second channel (6), a second air cavity (35) is formed between the air inlet and the air outlet of the heavy brake pressure changing regulating valve (3), a second through hole (333) is formed in the side surface of the first piston (33), the second through hole is communicated with the central shaft hole (323) and the second air cavity (35), a first pressure changing regulating device (36) is connected above the first piston (33), and when the gas pressure acting below the first piston (33) is smaller than or equal to the preset pressure value of the first pressure changing regulating device (36), the second air cavity (35) is communicated with the second channel (6), and when the gas pressure below the first piston (33) is greater than the preset pressure value of the second channel (6), the second channel (3) is closed;
The utility model provides a light pressure change governing valve that stops (4) include second valve body (41), the air inlet and the gas outlet of light pressure change governing valve that stops (4) are all offered on second valve body (41), be provided with second piston (42) in second valve body (41), second piston (42) top is connected with second pressure change adjusting device (43), second piston (42) below is equipped with air inlet valve (44), second piston (42) including upper and lower first drum portion and the second drum portion of connection, the external diameter of first drum portion is greater than the external diameter of second drum portion, first drum portion bottom is provided with the bottom plate of middle trompil, second drum portion communicates with the trompil on the first drum portion bottom plate, when the gas pressure who acts on second piston (42) below is less than or equal to second pressure change adjusting device (43) presets pressure value, second piston (42) lower extreme pushes open air inlet valve (44), the passageway between light pressure change governing valve's (4) air inlet and the gas outlet is greater than or equal to second pressure change adjusting device (43), the passageway between the pressure change governing valve (42) is opened as second piston (42) lower pressure change adjusting device.
2. The three-bridge relay valve according to claim 1, wherein the lower portion of the connecting rod (32) is provided with an exhaust passage (325) parallel to the central shaft hole (323), an upper opening of the exhaust passage (325) is provided above the first seal ring (321), a bottom opening of the exhaust passage (325) communicates with the outside, when the gas pressure below the first piston (33) is less than or equal to a preset pressure value of the first pressure varying device (36), a fourth seal ring (332) at the lower end of the first piston (33) is brought into close contact with the first seal ring (321) at the upper end of the connecting rod (32) to form a seal, the exhaust passage (325) is closed, when the gas pressure below the first piston (33) is greater than the preset pressure value of the first pressure varying device (36), the first piston (33) moves upward, and the exhaust passage (325) communicates with the second passage (6).
3. The three-bridge relay valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first variable pressure adjusting device (36) comprises a first bolt seat (361), a first variable pressure adjusting bolt (362) and a first spring (363), the first bolt seat (361) is installed above the first valve body (31), the first variable pressure adjusting bolt (362) is in threaded fit with the first bolt seat (361), the lower end of the first variable pressure adjusting bolt (362) extends into the first valve body (31), the upper end of the first spring (363) is connected with the first variable pressure adjusting bolt (362), and the lower end of the first spring (363) is connected with the first piston (33).
4. The three-bridge relay valve according to claim 1, wherein the second variable pressure adjusting device (43) comprises a second bolt seat (431), a second variable pressure adjusting bolt (432) and a second spring (433), the second bolt seat (431) is divided into an upper portion and a lower portion, the upper portion and the lower portion of the second bolt seat are respectively cylindrical, the outer diameter of the upper portion of the second bolt seat (431) is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower portion of the second bolt seat, the upper portion of the second bolt seat (431) extends out of the second valve body (41), the lower portion of the second bolt seat (431) is connected with the second valve body (41) through external threads, the second variable pressure adjusting bolt (432) is in threaded fit with the upper portion of the second bolt seat (431), the upper end of the second spring (433) is connected with the second variable pressure adjusting bolt (432), and the lower end of the second spring (433) is connected with the second piston (42) through passing through the second bolt seat (431).
5. The three-bridge relay valve according to claim 1, wherein the brake air inlet (22) comprises a first brake air inlet (221), a second brake air inlet (222), a third brake air inlet (223), a fourth brake air inlet (224) and a fifth brake air inlet (225), the first brake air inlet (221) is arranged on one side of the valve body (2) opposite to the air supply inlet (21), the second brake air inlet (222) is vertically arranged and communicated with the first brake air inlet (221), the third brake air inlet (223) and the fourth brake air inlet (224) are arranged on two sides below the air supply inlet (21) and are communicated with the inner cavity of the valve body (2), the fifth brake air inlet (225) is vertically arranged and communicated with the air supply inlet (21), a one-way valve is arranged in the fifth brake air inlet (225), the conducting direction of the one-way valve is directed from the air supply side to an air storage cylinder connected with the fifth brake air inlet (225), and the valve body (225) is provided with an opening on the pipe wall of the valve body (2) which is communicated with.
6. The three-bridge relay valve according to claim 1, wherein a first exhaust hole (311) communicating with the outside is formed in an upper portion of the first valve body (31), and the first exhaust hole (311) is located above a stroke range of the first piston (33).
7. The three-bridge relay valve according to claim 4, wherein a second exhaust hole is formed in the upper portion of the second valve body (41), the second exhaust hole is formed below the stroke range of the second variable-pressure adjusting bolt (432), one end of the second exhaust hole is communicated with an opening in the bottom plate of the second piston (42), and the other end of the second exhaust hole is communicated with the outside.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810621990.9A CN108515956B (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | Three-bridge relay valve |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810621990.9A CN108515956B (en) | 2018-06-15 | 2018-06-15 | Three-bridge relay valve |
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| CN108515956A CN108515956A (en) | 2018-09-11 |
| CN108515956B true CN108515956B (en) | 2024-06-04 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113370952B (en) * | 2021-06-21 | 2024-05-03 | 沈阳义嘉仁卡客汽车技术有限公司 | Automobile cylindrical cone type relay pump valve device and braking method and application thereof |
| CN115556735A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2023-01-03 | 克诺尔商用车系统（重庆）有限公司 | Self-adjusting relay valve |
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| CN205075832U (en) * | 2015-10-22 | 2016-03-09 | 袁庆伟 | Three -bridge relay valve |
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| GB1379501A (en) * | 1971-04-24 | 1975-01-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Spring-loaded braking devices for motor vehicles |
| EP0169303A2 (en) * | 1984-07-26 | 1986-01-29 | WABCO Westinghouse Fahrzeugbremsen GmbH | Trailer control valve |
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