CN108497157A - High digestibility enzymolysis feather powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High digestibility enzymolysis feather powder and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 174
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 103
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 108010059345 keratinase Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 44
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 42
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 42
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 41
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 41
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 41
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 41
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 31
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009629 microbiological culture Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000019629 palatability Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 7
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 102000057297 Pepsin A Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108090000284 Pepsin A Proteins 0.000 description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229940111202 pepsin Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 6
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- YXVFQADLFFNVDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)O)CC([O-])=O YXVFQADLFFNVDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 108010009004 proteose-peptone Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000021120 animal protein Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007073 chemical hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000726221 Gemma Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000011782 Keratins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010076876 Keratins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 101710200191 Feather keratin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000708 Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004245 Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanethiol Chemical compound CCS DNJIEGIFACGWOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high digestibility enzymolysis feather powders and preparation method thereof, are 1 first, in accordance with the weight ratio of feather and water:0.4~1:3 ratio mixing carries out boiling afterwards, and boiling temperature is 100~200 DEG C, and cooking pressure is 80~500kPa, and digestion time is 0.3~3h；The keratinase for feather after boiling being added according to the ratio of feather weight 0.3~2% 10~500,000 enzyme activity units digests, and hydrolysis temperature is 50~70 DEG C, and enzymolysis pH is 7~9, and enzymolysis time is 12~36h；Feather after enzymolysis is cooled to 20~40 DEG C, one kind for being accounted in 0.1~0.5% ratio access bacillus licheniformis of feather weight, saccharomycete or plant lactobacillus according to strain two or three and will ferment after aqueous quality adjustment to 50~70%, fermentation temperature is 20~40 DEG C, the pH that ferments is 5~7, fermentation time be 24~72h to get.The animal digestion rate of animal feed prepared by the high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder is high and palatability is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to protein feed technical fields, and in particular to a kind of high efficiency enzymolysis feather powder and its preparation side
Method.
Background technology
China be a protein resource lack country, protein raw materials of conventional feed, including dregs of beans, fish meal etc., mainly
Import is relied on, and expensive, there is an urgent need to find the new protein raw materials of super quality and competitive price.In feather crude protein content 80% with
On, for amino acid content 70% or more, the required essential amino acid containing many animals, still, feather protein are a kind of height
The keratin that crosslinked disulfide bond is constituted, it is not easy to which, by pepsin, the general proteasome degradation such as trypsase, therefore, it is difficult to quilts
The direct digestibility and utilization of animal need to carry out special working process.
The common processing method of feather meal has at present：High-temperature high-pressure hydrolysis, soda acid chemical hydrolysis and keratinase
Edman degradation Edman.The principle of high-temperature high-pressure hydrolysis is to make feather hydrolysis be soluble polypeptide or widow using distinct temperature, pressure condition
Peptide mixer, but this method amino acid destroys seriously, and biological value is low.Soda acid chemical hydrolysis is utilized respectively acid, alkali to feather
It is handled, this method cumbersome, production process equipment is perishable, and environmental pollution is serious, and product salt content is higher, influences
Palatability.High-temperature high-pressure hydrolysis and the product colour of soda acid chemical hydrolysis both methods production are in brownish black, are had unpleasant
Bad smell, being added in feed influences animal feed intake, and digestibility is also relatively low, only up to reach 75%.Keratinase edman degradation Edman,
Feather keratin is hydrolyzed using keratinase under certain temperature and pH value, polypeptide, small peptide to be needed,
Amino acid product.This method reaction condition is milder, and biological value is higher, but amount of water is larger, and follow-up drying is more difficult, and institute
It is still undesirable to obtain product odour.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high digestibility enzymolysis feather powders, are prepared using the high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder
Animal feed animal digestion rate it is high and palatability is good.
It is a further object to provide a kind of preparation methods of high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder.
In order to achieve the goal above, the technical solution that the present invention takes is：High digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof, packet
Include following steps：
1) feather pre-processes：Feather is taken, is 1 according to the weight ratio of feather and water:0.4~1:It is carried out after 3 ratio mixing
Boiling, boiling temperature are 100~200 DEG C, and cooking pressure is 80~500kPa, and digestion time is 0.3~3h；
2) feather digests：The feather after boiling is taken, 10~500,000 enzyme activity are added according to the ratio of feather weight 0.3~2%
The keratinase of unit of force is digested, and hydrolysis temperature is 50~70 DEG C, and enzymolysis pH is 7~9, and enzymolysis time is 12~36h；
3) feather ferments：Feather after enzymolysis in step 2) is cooled to 20~40 DEG C, feather weight is accounted for according to strain
0.1~0.5% ratio access bacillus licheniformis, saccharomycete or one kind in plant lactobacillus two or three and will contain
Water quality is fermented after being adjusted to 50~70%, fermentation temperature be 20~40 DEG C, fermentation pH be 5~7, fermentation time be 24~
72h to get.
Further, the high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof is further comprising the steps of：By fermentation in step 3)
Feather afterwards be dried to containing water quality 12% hereinafter, after crush, smash it through 60~100 mesh sieve.
Further, the bacterial strain deposit number of the strain of the bacillus licheniformis, saccharomycete and plant lactobacillus point
Not Wei CICC 24236, CICC 1015 and CICC 21790, preservation place be Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection management in
The heart.
Further, the preparation method of the bacillus licheniformis seed liquor is：Peptone 5.0g, beef is taken to leach object
3.0g, NaCl 5.0g, add water to be settled to 1000mL, and pH is adjusted to 7.0, and sterilize 20~30min under the conditions of 121 DEG C, cooling
To 25~30 DEG C, be inoculated with Bacillus licheniformis strain after, on 120~160rpm, 37 DEG C of shaking table cultivate 18~20h to get
Bacillus licheniformis seed liquor.
Further, the bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum preparation method includes the following steps：Take bean cake powder, corn
Powder adds water mixing, and the weight ratio of bean cake powder, corn flour and water is 7:3:4；Then by the mixing of bean cake powder, corn flour and water
Object sterilizes 0.5~1h under the conditions of 120~125 DEG C, is cooled to 30~40 DEG C, is inoculated with bacillus licheniformis seed liquor later, often
The volume for the bacillus licheniformis seed liquor being inoculated in the mixture of the bean cake powder of kg, corn flour and water is 20~25mL, is paved into 2
~10cm is thick, and 30~40 DEG C of cultures 18~for 24 hours to get bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum.
Further, the preparation method of the saccharomycete seed liquor is：13.1g malt extract powder is taken, water is added to be settled to
1000mL, under the conditions of 115 DEG C sterilize 15min be followed by Yeasts, on 120~160rpm, 28 DEG C of shaking table cultivate 18~
20h is to get saccharomycete seed liquor.
Further, the preparation method of the saccharomycete second class inoculum includes the following steps：Bean cake powder, corn flour are taken, is added
The weight ratio of water mixing, bean cake powder, corn flour and water is 6:4:4；Then the mixture of bean cake powder, corn flour and water is existed
Sterilize 0.5~1h under the conditions of 120~125 DEG C, is cooled to 25~30 DEG C, later inoculation yeast bacterium seed liquor, the bean cake powder of every kg,
The volume for the saccharomycete seed liquor being inoculated in the mixture of corn flour and water be 70~75mL, be paved into 2~10cm thickness, 25~30 DEG C
Culture 18~for 24 hours to get saccharomycete second class inoculum.
Further, the preparation method of the plant lactobacillus seed liquor is：Take the casein peptone of 10.0g, the ox of 10.0g
Meat extract, the yeast powder of 5.0g, the glucose of 5.0g, the sodium acetate of 5.0g, the dibasic ammonium citrate of 2.0g, the Tween 80 of 1.0g,
The K of 2.0g2HPO4, the MgSO of 0.2g4.7H2The MnSO of O, 0.05g4.H2The CaCO of O, 20.0g3, add water to be settled to 1000mL, it will
PH is adjusted to 6.8,121 DEG C of 15~20min of sterilizing, is cooled to 28~30 DEG C, inoculated plant lactobacillus, in 120~160rpm, 37
DEG C shaking table on culture 18~20h to get plant lactobacillus seed liquor.
Further, the preparation method of the lactobacillus plantarum second class inoculum is：Bean cake powder, corn flour are taken, water mixing is added,
The weight ratio of bean cake powder, corn flour and water is 6:4:4；Then by the mixture of bean cake powder, corn flour and water 120~125
Sterilize 0.5~1h under the conditions of DEG C, is cooled to 30~32 DEG C, inoculated plant lactobacillus solution, bean cake powder, corn flour per kg and
The volume for the plant lactobacillus seed liquor being inoculated in the mixture of water be 70~75mL, 30~32 DEG C culture 18~for 24 hours to get plant
Object lactobacillus second class inoculum.
A kind of high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder prepared using above-mentioned high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
The high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder of the present invention can be generated further because by strain fermentation and be conducive to animal
The enzyme and organic acid digested and assimilated, as animal feed in use, when animal edible is higher to the digestibility of feed.Simultaneously
The stench substance such as original Ammonia in feather is converted to mycoprotein by strain, eliminates the bad smell in feather so that hair
Ferment product has a kind of fermenting aroma.
The high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof of the present invention carries out feather first under certain temperature and pressure pre-
Processing, the disulfide bond contributed in feather are opened, are then digested to feather using keratinase, and keratin is digested at more
Peptide, small peptide and amino acid etc. later further ferment to the feather after enzymolysis using strain, save keratinase and enzymolysis
Water used, and the feather meal after fermentation is easier to be dried.
The high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof of the present invention, the water content of material is relatively low when being fermented after enzymolysis,
Microorganism easily grows, and post-processing is simple, pollution is few, basic non-wastewater discharge.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
The bacillus licheniformis of the present invention, the strain of saccharomycete and plant lactobacillus bacterial strain deposit number be respectively
CICC24236, CICC 1015 and CICC 21790, preservation place are Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of the high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder of the present embodiment, includes the following steps：
1) bacillus licheniformis seed liquor is prepared：Peptone 5.0g is weighed, beef leaches object 3.0g, NaCl 5.0g, adds water
It is settled to 1000mL, pH is adjusted to 7.0, sterilize 30min under the conditions of 121 DEG C, is cooled to 30 DEG C, is inoculated with bacillus licheniformis
After strain, 18h is cultivated on 120rpm, 37 DEG C of shaking table to get bacillus licheniformis seed liquor.
2) bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum is prepared：Bean cake powder 7kg, corn flour 3kg are weighed, water 4kg mixings are added, then will
The mixture of bean cake powder, corn flour and water sterilizes 1h under the conditions of 121 DEG C, is cooled to 37 DEG C, inoculation step 1) in lichens gemma
Bacillus seed liquor 1000mL is paved into 5cm thickness, and 37 DEG C of cultures are for 24 hours to get bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum.
3) S. cervisiae seed liquor is prepared：13.1g malt extract powder is weighed, water is added to be settled to 1000mL, in 115 DEG C of conditions
It is inoculated with S. cervisiae strain after lower sterilizing 15min, 18h is cultivated on 120rpm, 28 DEG C of shaking table to get saccharomyces cerevisiae strain
Sub- liquid.
4) S. cervisiae second class inoculum is prepared：Bean cake powder 6kg, corn flour 4kg are weighed, adds water 4kg mixings, then by beans
The mixture of dregs of rice powder, corn flour and water sterilizes 0.5h under the conditions of 121 DEG C, is cooled to 30 DEG C, inoculation step 3) in saccharomyces cerevisiae
Bacterium seed liquor 1000mL is paved into 2cm thickness, and 30 DEG C of cultures are for 24 hours to get S. cervisiae second class inoculum.
5) fresh feather is collected, the impurity in feather is removed, is later rinsed well feather with water.According to feather with
The weight ratio of water is 1:0.6 ratio sets the temperature of feather cooker by water and feather input stainless steel feather cooker
It is 120 DEG C, pressure 100kPa, by feather boiling 1h, obtains the feather after boiling.
6) feather after boiling in step 5) is cooled to 55 DEG C, adds 200,000 enzyme activity lists of the 0.5% of feather weight
The keratinase of position is 55 DEG C in temperature, and pH is digested under the conditions of being 8, and enzymolysis time is the feather after being digested for 24 hours.
7) feather after the enzymolysis in step 6) is taken, cold front heavy rain is passed through to 35 DEG C, feather weight is accounted for according to strain
Bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum in 0.4% ratio access step 2) and the S. cervisiae two level bacterium in step 4)
Kind, bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum accounts for the 0.2% of feather weight with saccharomyces cerevisiae second class inoculum.Later plus water is by water content
It ferments after being adjusted to 60%, fermentation temperature is 35 DEG C, and fermentation pH is 6, fermentation time 36h, the feather after being fermented.
8) feather after the fermentation in step 7) is taken, it is 10% to be dried to water content, crushes later, smashes it through 80
Mesh sieves to get high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder.
The high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder of the present embodiment is prepared using above-mentioned high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof
High digestibility enzymolysis feather powder.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of the high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder of the present embodiment, includes the following steps：
1) plant lactobacillus seed liquor is prepared：Weigh the casein peptone of 10.0g, the beef extract of 10.0g, the yeast of 5.0g
Powder, the glucose of 5.0g, the sodium acetate of 5.0g, the dibasic ammonium citrate of 2.0g, the Tween 80 of 1.0g, the K of 2.0g2HPO4, 0.2g's
MgSO4.7H2The MnSO of O, 0.05g4.H2The CaCO of O, 20.0g3, add water to be settled to 1000mL, pH, which is adjusted to 6.8,121 DEG C, to go out
Bacterium 20min, is cooled to 30 DEG C, and inoculated plant lactobacillus strain cultivates 18h to get plant breast on 130rpm, 37 DEG C of shaking table
Sour bacterium seed liquor.
2) plant lactobacillus second class inoculum is prepared：Bean cake powder 6kg, corn flour 4kg are weighed, adds water 4kg mixings, then by beans
The mixture of dregs of rice powder, corn flour and water sterilizes 0.5h under the conditions of 121 DEG C, is cooled to 30 DEG C, inoculation step 1) in plant lactic acid
Bacterium seed liquor 1000mL, is sealed with aseptic plastic bag later, and 18h is cultivated at 30 DEG C to get plant lactobacillus second class inoculum.
3) fresh feather is collected, the impurity in feather is removed, is later rinsed well feather with water.According to feather with
The weight ratio of water is 1:0.4 ratio sets the temperature of feather cooker by water and feather input stainless steel feather cooker
It is 100 DEG C, pressure 200kPa, by feather boiling 2h, obtains the feather after boiling.
4) feather after boiling in step 3) is cooled to 50 DEG C, adds 300,000 enzyme activity units of the 1% of feather weight
Keratinase, temperature be 50 DEG C, pH be 7 under the conditions of digested, enzymolysis time 12h, the feather after being digested.
5) feather after the enzymolysis in step 4) is taken, cold front heavy rain is passed through to 30 DEG C, feather weight is accounted for according to strain
Plant lactobacillus second class inoculum in 0.1% ratio access step 2), carries out after adding water that water content is adjusted to 50% later
Fermentation, fermentation temperature are 30 DEG C, and fermentation pH is 7, and fermentation time is the feather after being fermented for 24 hours.
6) feather after the fermentation in step 5) is taken, it is 12% to be dried to water content, crushes, smashes it through later
100 mesh sieve to get high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder.
The high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder of the present embodiment is prepared using above-mentioned high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof
High digestibility enzymolysis feather powder.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of the high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder of the present embodiment the present embodiment, includes the following steps：
1) bacillus licheniformis seed liquor is prepared：Peptone 5.0g is weighed, beef leaches object 3.0g, NaCl 5.0g, adds water
It is settled to 1000mL, pH is adjusted to 7.0, sterilize 20min under the conditions of 121 DEG C, is cooled to 25 DEG C, is inoculated with bacillus licheniformis
After strain, 20h is cultivated on 160rpm, 37 DEG C of shaking table to get bacillus licheniformis seed liquor.
2) bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum is prepared：Bean cake powder 7kg, corn flour 3kg are weighed, water 4kg mixings are added, then will
The mixture of bean cake powder, corn flour and water sterilizes 0.5h under the conditions of 125 DEG C, is cooled to 40 DEG C, inoculation step 1) in lichens bud
Spore bacillus seed liquor 1000mL is paved into 10cm thickness, and 40 DEG C of culture 18h are to get bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum.
3) S. cervisiae seed liquor is prepared：13.1g malt extract powder is weighed, water is added to be settled to 1000mL, in 115 DEG C of conditions
It is inoculated with S. cervisiae strain after lower sterilizing 15min, 18h is cultivated on 120rpm, 28 DEG C of shaking table to get saccharomyces cerevisiae strain
Sub- liquid.
4) S. cervisiae second class inoculum is prepared：Bean cake powder 6kg, corn flour 4kg are weighed, adds water 4kg mixings, then by beans
The mixture of dregs of rice powder, corn flour and water sterilizes 0.5h under the conditions of 121 DEG C, is cooled to 30 DEG C, inoculation step 3) in saccharomyces cerevisiae
Bacterium seed liquor 1000mL is paved into 4cm thickness, and 30 DEG C of cultures are for 24 hours to get S. cervisiae second class inoculum.
5) plant lactobacillus seed liquor is prepared：Weigh the casein peptone of 10.0g, the beef extract of 10.0g, the yeast of 5.0g
Powder, the glucose of 5.0g, the sodium acetate of 5.0g, the dibasic ammonium citrate of 2.0g, the Tween 80 of 1.0g, the K of 2.0g2HPO4, 0.2g's
MgSO4.7H2The MnSO of O, 0.05g4.H2The CaCO of O, 20.0g3, add water to be settled to 1000mL, pH, which is adjusted to 6.8,121 DEG C, to go out
Bacterium 15min, is cooled to 28 DEG C, and inoculated plant lactobacillus strain cultivates 20h to get plant breast on 160rpm, 37 DEG C of shaking table
Sour bacterium seed liquor.
6) plant lactobacillus second class inoculum is prepared：Bean cake powder 6kg, corn flour 4kg are weighed, adds water 4kg mixings, then by beans
The mixture of dregs of rice powder, corn flour and water sterilizes 1h under the conditions of 121 DEG C, is cooled to 32 DEG C, inoculation step 5) in plant lactobacillus
Seed liquor 1000mL, is sealed with aseptic plastic bag later, and at 32 DEG C, culture is for 24 hours to get plant lactobacillus second class inoculum.
7) fresh feather is collected, the impurity in feather is removed, is later rinsed well feather with water.According to feather with
The weight ratio of water is 1:3 ratio in water and feather input stainless steel feather cooker, will set the temperature of feather cooker as
150 DEG C, pressure 80kPa, by feather boiling 0.3h, obtain the feather after boiling.
8) feather after boiling in step 7) is cooled to 70 DEG C, adds 100,000 enzyme activity units of the 2% of feather weight
Keratinase, temperature be 70 DEG C, pH be 9 under the conditions of digested, enzymolysis time 36h, the feather after being digested.
9) feather after the enzymolysis in step 8) is taken, cold front heavy rain is passed through to 40 DEG C, feather weight is accounted for according to strain
0.3% ratio access step 2) in bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum, the S. cervisiae second class inoculum in step 4) with
And plant lactobacillus second class inoculum in step 6), bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum, S. cervisiae second class inoculum and plant
Lactic acid bacteria second class inoculum accounts for the 0.1% of feather weight.Later plus water water content is adjusted to 70% after ferment, fermentation temperature
Degree is 40 DEG C, and fermentation pH is 5, fermentation time 72h, the feather after being fermented.
10) feather after the fermentation in step 9) is taken, it is 9% to be dried to water content, crushes, smashes it through later
100 mesh sieve to get high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder.
The high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder of the present embodiment is prepared using above-mentioned high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof
High digestibility enzymolysis feather powder.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of the high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder of the present embodiment the present embodiment, includes the following steps：
1) S. cervisiae seed liquor is prepared：13.1g malt extract powder is weighed, water is added to be settled to 1000mL, in 115 DEG C of conditions
It is inoculated with S. cervisiae strain after lower sterilizing 15min, 20h is cultivated on 160rpm, 28 DEG C of shaking table to get saccharomyces cerevisiae strain
Sub- liquid.
2) S. cervisiae second class inoculum is prepared：Bean cake powder 6kg, corn flour 4kg are weighed, adds water 4kg mixings, then by beans
The mixture of dregs of rice powder, corn flour and water sterilizes 0.5h under the conditions of 121 DEG C, is cooled to 25 DEG C, inoculation step 1) in saccharomyces cerevisiae
Bacterium seed liquor 1000mL is paved into 8cm thickness, and 25 DEG C of culture 18h are to get S. cervisiae second class inoculum.
3) plant lactobacillus seed liquor is prepared：Weigh the casein peptone of 10.0g, the beef extract of 10.0g, the yeast of 5.0g
Powder, the glucose of 5.0g, the sodium acetate of 5.0g, the dibasic ammonium citrate of 2.0g, the Tween 80 of 1.0g, the K of 2.0g2HPO4, 0.2g's
MgSO4.7H2The MnSO of O, 0.05g4.H2The CaCO of O, 20.0g3, add water to be settled to 1000mL, pH, which is adjusted to 6.8,121 DEG C, to go out
Bacterium 0min, is cooled to 30 DEG C, and inoculated plant lactobacillus strain cultivates 18h to get plant breast on 130rpm, 37 DEG C of shaking table
Sour bacterium seed liquor.
4) plant lactobacillus second class inoculum is prepared：Bean cake powder 6kg, corn flour 4kg are weighed, adds water 4kg mixings, then by beans
The mixture of dregs of rice powder, corn flour and water sterilizes 0.5h under the conditions of 121 DEG C, is cooled to 30 DEG C, inoculation step 3) in plant lactic acid
Bacterium seed liquor 1000mL, is sealed with aseptic plastic bag later, and 18h is cultivated at 30 DEG C to get plant lactobacillus second class inoculum.
5) fresh feather is collected, the impurity in feather is removed, is later rinsed well feather with water.According to feather with
The weight ratio of water is 1:2 ratio in water and feather input stainless steel feather cooker, will set the temperature of feather cooker as
200 DEG C, pressure 500kPa, by feather boiling 1.5h, obtain the feather after boiling.
6) feather after boiling in step 5) is cooled to 60 DEG C, adds 500,000 enzyme activity lists of the 0.3% of feather weight
The keratinase of position is 60 DEG C in temperature, and pH is digested under the conditions of being 8, and enzymolysis time is the feather after being digested for 24 hours.
7) feather after the enzymolysis in step 6) is taken, cold front heavy rain is passed through to 20 DEG C, feather weight is accounted for according to strain
Plant lactobacillus second class inoculum in S. cervisiae second class inoculum and step 4) in 0.5% ratio access step 2), makes
Brewer yeast bacterium second class inoculum and plant lactobacillus second class inoculum account for the 0.25% of feather weight.Later plus water is by water content tune
For section to fermenting after 60%, fermentation temperature is 20 DEG C, and fermentation pH is 6, fermentation time 48h, the feather after being fermented.
8) feather after the fermentation in step 7) is taken, it is 9% to be dried to water content, crushes later, smashes it through 80
Mesh sieves to get high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder.
The high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder of the present embodiment is prepared using above-mentioned high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof
High digestibility enzymolysis feather powder.
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of the high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder of the present embodiment the present embodiment, includes the following steps：
1) bacillus licheniformis seed liquor is prepared：Peptone 5.0g is weighed, beef leaches object 3.0g, and sodium chloride 5.0g adds
Water is settled to 1000mL, and pH is adjusted to 7.0, and sterilize 30min under the conditions of 121 DEG C, is cooled to 30 DEG C, is inoculated with lichens gemma bar
After bacterium strain, 18h is cultivated on 120rpm, 37 DEG C of shaking table to get bacillus licheniformis seed liquor.
2) bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum is prepared：Bean cake powder 7kg, corn flour 3kg are weighed, water 4kg mixings are added, then will
The mixture of bean cake powder, corn flour and water sterilizes 1h under the conditions of 121 DEG C, is cooled to 37 DEG C hereinafter, inoculation step 1) in lichens
Bacillus seed liquor 1000mL is paved into 5cm thickness, and 37 DEG C of cultures are for 24 hours to get bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum.
3) plant lactobacillus seed liquor is prepared：Weigh the casein peptone of 10.0g, the beef extract of 10.0g, the yeast of 5.0g
Powder, the glucose of 5.0g, the sodium acetate of 5.0g, the dibasic ammonium citrate of 2.0g, the Tween 80 of 1.0g, the K of 2.0g2HPO4, 0.2g's
MgSO4.7H2The MnSO of O, 0.05g4.H2The CaCO of O, 20.0g3, add water to be settled to 1000mL, pH, which is adjusted to 6.8,121 DEG C, to go out
Bacterium 0min, is cooled to 30 DEG C, and inoculated plant lactobacillus strain cultivates 20h to get plant breast on 150rpm, 37 DEG C of shaking table
Sour bacterium seed liquor.
4) plant lactobacillus second class inoculum is prepared：Bean cake powder 6kg, corn flour 4kg are weighed, adds water 4kg mixings, then by beans
The mixture of dregs of rice powder, corn flour and water sterilizes 1h under the conditions of 121 DEG C, is cooled to 32 DEG C, inoculation step 3) in plant lactobacillus
Seed liquor 1000mL, is sealed with aseptic plastic bag later, and 18h is cultivated at 32 DEG C to get plant lactobacillus second class inoculum.
5) fresh feather is collected, the impurity in feather is removed, is later rinsed well feather with water.According to feather with
The weight ratio of water is 1:1 ratio in water and feather input stainless steel feather cooker, will set the temperature of feather cooker as
180 DEG C, pressure 300kPa, by feather boiling 3h, obtain the feather after boiling.
6) feather after boiling in step 5) is cooled to 50 DEG C, adds 400,000 enzyme activity lists of the 0.3% of feather weight
The keratinase of position is 50 DEG C in temperature, and pH is digested under the conditions of being 7, enzymolysis time 36h, the feather after being digested.
7) feather after the enzymolysis in step 6) is taken, cold front heavy rain is passed through to 30 DEG C, feather weight is accounted for according to strain
Plant lactobacillus second class inoculum in bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum and step 4) in 0.3% ratio access step 2),
Bacillus licheniformis second class inoculum and plant lactobacillus second class inoculum account for the 0.15% of feather weight.Later plus water will be aqueous
Amount is fermented after being adjusted to 70%, and fermentation temperature is 30 DEG C, and fermentation pH is 7, fermentation time 36h, the plumage after being fermented
Hair.
8) feather after the fermentation in step 7) is taken, it is 8% to be dried to water content, crushes later, smashes it through 100
Mesh sieves to get high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder.
The high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder of the present embodiment is prepared using above-mentioned high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof
High digestibility enzymolysis feather powder.
Test example
It is examined using the assay method of standard GB/T/T 17811-2008 animal protein feed Pepsin digestibilities
The animal protein feed Pepsin digestibility of the efficient rate enzymolysis feather powder prepared by embodiment 1-5 is surveyed, knot is measured
Fruit is as shown in table 1.
The animal protein feed Pepsin digestibility of 1 efficient rate enzymolysis feather powder of table
By table 1 as it can be seen that the animal protein feed Pepsin digestibility of the efficient rate enzymolysis feather powder of the present invention
86% or more, the Pepsin digestibility of animal is higher.
Claims (8)
1. high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1) feather pre-processes：Feather is taken, is 1 according to the weight ratio of feather and water:0.4~1:Boiling is carried out after 3 ratio mixing,
Boiling temperature is 100~200 DEG C, and cooking pressure is 80~500kPa, and digestion time is 0.3~3h；
2) feather digests：The feather after boiling is taken, 10~500,000 enzyme activity lists are added according to the ratio of feather weight 0.3~2%
The keratinase of position is digested, and hydrolysis temperature is 50~70 DEG C, and enzymolysis pH is 7~9, and enzymolysis time is 12~36h；
3) feather ferments：Feather after enzymolysis in step 2) is cooled to 20~40 DEG C, according to strain account for feather weight 0.1~
0.5% ratio access bacillus licheniformis, saccharomycete or one kind in plant lactobacillus two or three and will contain water quality
It ferments after being adjusted to 50~70%, fermentation temperature is 20~40 DEG C, and fermentation pH is 5~7, and fermentation time is 24~72h, i.e.,
.
2. high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the high digestibility enzyme
It is further comprising the steps of to solve feather powder, preparation method thereof：By the feather after fermentation in step 3) be dried to containing water quality 12% with
Under, after crush, smash it through 60~100 mesh sieve.
3. high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof according to claim 1, which is characterized in that cold described in step 3)
But use is passed through cold wind or the method for cold water cools down the feather after enzymolysis.
4. high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the lichens bud
The bacterial strain deposit number of the strain of spore bacillus, saccharomycete and plant lactobacillus be respectively CICC 24236, CICC 1015 and
CICC 21790, preservation place are Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center.
5. high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the lichens bud
Spore bacillus second class inoculum preparation method includes the following steps：Take bean cake powder, corn flour, add water mixing, bean cake powder, corn flour and
The weight ratio of water is 7:3:4；Then the mixture of bean cake powder, corn flour and water sterilizes to 0.5 under the conditions of 120~125 DEG C~
1h is cooled to 30~40 DEG C, later be inoculated with bacillus licheniformis seed liquor, be paved into 2~10cm thickness, 30~40 DEG C culture 18~
For 24 hours to get.
6. high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the saccharomycete
The preparation method of second class inoculum includes the following steps：Bean cake powder, corn flour are taken, adds water mixing, bean cake powder, corn flour and water
Weight ratio is 6:4:4；Then the mixture of bean cake powder, corn flour and water is sterilized under the conditions of 120~125 DEG C 0.5~1h, cold
But to 25~30 DEG C, inoculation yeast bacterium seed liquor later is paved into 2~10cm thickness, 25~30 DEG C of cultures 18~for 24 hours to get.
7. high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the plant breast
The preparation method of bacillus second class inoculum is：Take bean cake powder, corn flour, add water mixing, bean cake powder, corn flour and water weight ratio
It is 6:4:4；Then the mixture of bean cake powder, corn flour and water is sterilized under the conditions of 120~125 DEG C 0.5~1h, is cooled to 30
~32 DEG C, inoculated plant lactobacillus solution, 30~32 DEG C culture 18~for 24 hours to get.
8. a kind of high digestibility enzyme prepared by high digestibility enzymolysis feather powder, preparation method thereof as described in any one of claims 1-3
Solve feather meal.
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| CN109965086A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-05 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of hydrolyzed feather meal additive and its application in animal feed |
| CN110506839A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-29 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of feather powder additive, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110683882A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-01-14 | 湛江市绿海生物工程有限公司 | Process method for preparing amino acid water-soluble fertilizer from feather meal |
| CN110862950A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-03-06 | 烟台富康生物科技有限公司 | Bacillus licheniformis and application thereof |
| CN111248346A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-09 | 播恩生物技术股份有限公司 | Method for fermenting feather meal through enzymolysis and application of feather meal in preparation of laying hen feed |
| CN114052117A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-18 | 固镇县金鹏科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-digestibility enzymatic feather powder |
| CN114525267A (en) * | 2022-03-08 | 2022-05-24 | 安徽爱不停蛋白质饲料有限公司 | Method for improving keratinase producing capacity of bacillus |
| CN115316496A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-11 | 广东省科学院生物与医学工程研究所 | Method for preparing high-protein probiotic animal feed by using waste feathers |
| CN117598397A (en) * | 2023-11-14 | 2024-02-27 | 安徽希普生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method and application of feather powder |
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| CN109965086A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-05 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of hydrolyzed feather meal additive and its application in animal feed |
| CN110506839A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-11-29 | 华中农业大学 | A kind of feather powder additive, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110683882A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-01-14 | 湛江市绿海生物工程有限公司 | Process method for preparing amino acid water-soluble fertilizer from feather meal |
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| CN115316496A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-11 | 广东省科学院生物与医学工程研究所 | Method for preparing high-protein probiotic animal feed by using waste feathers |
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Application publication date: 20180907 |