CN108496540B

CN108496540B - Low-loss rape header

Info

Publication number: CN108496540B
Application number: CN201810460415.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐立章; 胡景熙; 李耀明
Original assignee: Jiangsu University
Current assignee: Jiangsu University
Priority date: 2018-05-15
Filing date: 2018-05-15
Publication date: 2024-04-09
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-15
Also published as: CN108496540A

Abstract

The invention relates to a low-loss rape cutting table, which comprises a cutting table frame, wherein a cutting table bottom plate is arranged at the front lower part of the cutting table frame, a main cutter is arranged on the cutting table bottom plate, a reel is arranged at the rear upper part of the cutting table frame, a first vertical cutter and a second vertical cutter are respectively arranged at the two ends of the main cutter, a grain divider is respectively arranged below the first vertical cutter and the second vertical cutter, the grain divider comprises a grain divider bottom plate, one end of the grain divider bottom plate is arranged on the cutting table frame, a first grain divider side plate and a second grain divider side plate are fixed at the other end of the grain divider bottom plate, a grain divider collecting groove box is arranged above the grain divider bottom plate, the grain divider collecting groove box is arranged between the first grain divider side plate and the second grain divider side plate, and a grain outlet is arranged on the grain divider groove box and is positioned above the cutting table bottom plate. The invention can prevent seeds from splashing out of the header caused by the explosion of the horn fruits entering the rape header, and effectively reduces splashing loss.

Description

Low-loss rape header

Technical Field

The invention relates to a low-loss rape header, belonging to the technical field of rape combine harvesters.

Background

The characteristics of rape plants are different from crops such as rice, wheat and the like, and the rape plants have the characteristics of high plant size, more branches, different ripeness of the pod fruits, easy pod explosion of the ripe pod fruits, fine seeds, high water content and the like, so that the mechanical harvesting difficulty of the rape is higher than that of the rice and the wheat. Many rape harvesters on the market at present are reformed on the basis of a rice-wheat combine harvester, and vertical cutters are additionally arranged on two sides of a frame, but the vertical cutting seedling dividing loss cannot be recovered, and the seedling dividing loss is large. Patent CN101317513 discloses a method for reducing the loss of harvesting rapeseeds and a header used, wherein a vertical cutter is inclined outwards, and the inclination angle is 5-15 degrees; however, as the vertical cutter and the main cutter adopt fixed ratio transmission, the movement frequency of the vertical cutter is constant, and when the combine harvester has different cultivation modes such as advancing speed change, different rape maturity, direct-beating, transplanting and the like, the grain dividing loss fluctuation is larger, and the operation performance is unstable; in addition, seeds entering the rape header are easy to fry pods and fly out of the header, so that splashing loss is formed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems that when the rape combine harvester works in the field, the cutting frequency of a vertical cutter on a header cannot be matched with the advancing speed of the machine, the maturity and the cultivation mode of rape, the vertical cutting seedling dividing loss cannot be recovered, the seedling dividing loss is large, seeds entering the rape header can also fly out of the header to form splashing loss and the like, the invention provides the low-loss rape header.

In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a low-loss rape header, includes the header frame, header frame front lower side is equipped with the header bottom plate, install the main cutterbar on the header bottom plate, reel is installed to the rear top of header frame, first perpendicular cutterbar and second perpendicular cutterbar are installed respectively at the both ends of main cutterbar, first perpendicular cutterbar with the below of second perpendicular cutterbar is installed the divider respectively, the divider includes the divider bottom plate, divider bottom plate one end is installed in the header frame, in addition one end is fixed with first divider curb plate and second divider curb plate, divider bottom plate top is equipped with the divider and gathers the groove box, the divider is installed first divider curb plate with between the second divider curb plate, the divider gathers and opens out the grain mouth on the groove box, the grain mouth is located the top of header bottom plate.

In the scheme, the tank bottoms of the grain divider collecting tank boxes are arranged in a front-high and back-low mode, one side, close to the first grain divider side plate and the second grain divider side plate, of the grain divider collecting tank boxes is higher, and one side, close to the header bottom plate, of the grain divider collecting tank boxes is lower.

In the above scheme, step motor is installed respectively on the both sides face of header frame, every install crank link mechanism on step motor's the output shaft, first perpendicular cutterbar with the second is perpendicular the cutterbar and is all including erecting the fixed square pipe of cutting knife, it has a plurality of perpendicular cutting knives to erect on the fixed square pipe of cutting knife, crank link mechanism output passes through the riveting board and erects the fixed square pipe connection of cutting knife, crank link mechanism includes crank and threaded rod, the crank is installed step motor's output shaft is last, joint bearing I and joint bearing II are installed respectively to the both ends installation of threaded rod, joint bearing I installs at the cranked output, joint bearing II installs on the riveting board.

In the scheme, the threaded rod is further provided with a round nut.

In the scheme, the reel is arranged on the header frame through the reel rotating arm, folding fan type telescopic blocking curtains are respectively and fixedly arranged on two side surfaces of the header frame, one side edge of each folding fan type telescopic blocking curtain is fixed on the reel rotating arm, and the rest side edges are fixedly arranged on frame beams on two side surfaces of the header frame.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) Through add a divider in the divider inside and collect the groove box for the seed grain that first perpendicular cutterbar and second perpendicular cutterbar department dropped does not directly drop on the ground, but gets into the divider and gathers the groove box in, and reflux to the header bottom plate through the grain outlet on, reduced the loss of dividing of rapeseed grain. (2) Through respectively fixed mounting folding fan formula flexible curtain that keeps off on the both sides face of header frame, the space that will dial the reel left and right sides is sealed, prevents that the rape seed grain that has got into the header from splashing out from the both sides face of header frame to reduce the loss of splashing of rape header. (3) The folding fan type telescopic baffle is made of high-quality aluminum foil with steel wires inserted therein, wherein one movable side is fixed on the reel rotating arm, and the other sides with fixed positions are fixed on frame beams on two sides of the header frame. (4) The stepping motor transmits power to the first vertical cutter and the second vertical cutter through the crank-link mechanism, so that the reciprocating motion of the two cutters is realized, and the cutting and seedling dividing function is realized; in real-time work, the rotating speed of the stepping motor can be manually determined or automatically adjusted according to the running speed of the machine, the maturity of crops, the varieties of crops, the cultivation forms and the like; (5) The length of the connecting rod in the crank-connecting rod mechanism can be changed according to the stroke requirement of the cutter. The joint bearing I and the joint bearing II at the two ends of the threaded rod can change the length of the connecting rod in a screwing-in and screwing-out mode; after the length is determined, a round nut may be threaded in the middle of the threaded rod to fix the length of the link.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a low loss canola header.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the crop divider.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a first vertical cutter configuration.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a crank link mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a mounting structure view of the folding fan type retractable curtain.

In the figure: 1-1, a first vertical cutter; 1-2, a second vertical cutter; secondly, a crop divider; 2-1, a divider bottom plate; 2-2, a first divider side panel; 2-3, a second divider side panel; 2-4, collecting a groove box by a divider; 2-5, a grain outlet; thirdly, reel; 3-1, a reel rotating arm; 4. folding fan type telescopic baffle; 5. a header frame; 6. a main cutter; 7. a header base plate; 702. step motor 703, crank link mechanism 704, riveting plate 705, vertical cutter 706, vertical cutter fixing square tube; 703-1 crank, 703-2 knuckle bearing I,703-3 threaded rod, 703-4 knuckle bearing II,703-5 round nut.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1, the low-loss rape cutting table according to the embodiment comprises a cutting table frame 5, a cutting table bottom plate 7 is arranged at the front lower part of the cutting table frame 5, a main cutter 6 is arranged on the cutting table bottom plate 7, a reel 3 is arranged at the rear upper part of the cutting table frame 5, and the reel 3 is arranged on the cutting table frame 5 through a reel rotating arm 3-1; the two ends of the main cutter 6 are respectively provided with a first vertical cutter 1-1 and a second vertical cutter 1-2, the lower parts of the first vertical cutter 1-1 and the second vertical cutter 1-2 are respectively provided with a divider 2, as shown in fig. 2, the divider 2 comprises a divider bottom plate 2-1, one end of the divider bottom plate 2-1 is arranged on the cutting table frame 5, the other end of the divider bottom plate is fixedly provided with a first divider side plate 2-2 and a second divider side plate 2-3, a divider groove box 2-4 is arranged above the divider bottom plate 2-1, the divider gathering groove box 2-4 is arranged between the first divider side plate 2-2 and the second divider side plate 2-3, a grain outlet 2-5 is formed in the divider gathering groove box 2-4, and the grain outlet 2-5 is arranged above the cutting table bottom plate 7. The tank bottoms of the grain divider collecting tank boxes 2-4 are arranged in a front-high and back-low mode, one side, close to the first grain divider side plate 2-2 and the second grain divider side plate 2-3, is higher, and one side, close to the header bottom plate 7, is lower. Through add a divider in the divider inside and collect the groove box for the seed grain that first perpendicular cutterbar and second perpendicular cutterbar department dropped does not directly drop on the ground, but gets into the divider and gathers the groove box in, and reflux to the header bottom plate through the grain outlet on, reduced the loss of dividing of rapeseed grain.

As shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, step motors 702 are respectively mounted on two side surfaces of the header frame 5, a crank-link mechanism 703 is mounted on an output shaft of each step motor 702, the first vertical cutter 1-1 and the second vertical cutter 1-2 each comprise a vertical cutter fixing square tube 706, a plurality of vertical cutters 705 are distributed on the vertical cutter fixing square tubes 706, an output end of the crank-link mechanism 703 is connected with the vertical cutter fixing square tubes 706 through a riveting plate 704, the crank-link mechanism 703 comprises a crank 703-1 and a threaded rod 703-3, the crank 703-1 is mounted on an output shaft of the step motor 702, a joint bearing I703-2 and a joint bearing II703-4 are mounted on two ends of the threaded rod 703-3, the joint bearing I703-2 is mounted on an output end of the crank 703-1, and the joint bearing II-4 is mounted on the riveting plate 704. The threaded rod 703-3 is also provided with a round nut 703-5. The stepping motor transmits power to the first vertical cutter and the second vertical cutter through the crank-link mechanism, so that the reciprocating motion of the two cutters is realized, and the cutting and seedling dividing function is realized; in real-time work, the rotating speed of the stepping motor can be manually determined or automatically adjusted according to the running speed of the machine, the maturity of crops, the varieties of crops, the cultivation forms and the like; the length of the connecting rod in the crank-connecting rod mechanism can be changed according to the stroke requirement of the cutter. The joint bearing I and the joint bearing II at the two ends of the threaded rod can change the length of the connecting rod in a screwing-in and screwing-out mode; after the length is determined, a round nut may be threaded in the middle of the threaded rod to fix the length of the link.

As shown in fig. 5, two side surfaces of the header frame 5 are respectively and fixedly provided with a folding fan type telescopic baffle 4, one side edge of each folding fan type telescopic baffle 4 is fixed on the reel rotating arm 3-1, and the rest side edges are fixedly arranged on frame beams on two side surfaces of the header frame 5. Through respectively fixed mounting folding fan formula flexible curtain that keeps off on the both sides face of header frame, the space that will dial the reel left and right sides is sealed, prevents that the rape seed grain that has got into the header from splashing out from the both sides face of header frame to reduce the loss of splashing of rape header. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the adopted folding fan type telescopic baffle is made of high-quality aluminum foil through inserting steel wires, wherein one movable side is fixed on the reel rotating arm, and the other sides which are fixed on the two sides of the header frame are fixed on the frame beams of the two sides of the header frame.

The examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious modifications, substitutions or variations that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The low-loss rape cutting table comprises a cutting table frame (5), a cutting table bottom plate (7) is arranged below the front of the cutting table frame (5), a main cutter (6) is arranged on the cutting table bottom plate (7), a reel (3) is arranged above the rear of the cutting table frame (5), and the low-loss rape cutting table is characterized in that a first vertical cutter 1-1 and a second vertical cutter 1-2 are respectively arranged at two ends of the main cutter (6), a grain divider (2) is respectively arranged below the first vertical cutter 1-1 and the second vertical cutter 1-2, the grain divider (2) comprises a grain divider bottom plate (2-1), one end of the grain divider bottom plate (2-1) is arranged on the cutting table frame (5), a first grain divider side plate (2-2) and a second grain divider side plate (2-3) are fixed at the other end, a grain divider groove box (2-4) is arranged above the dividing table bottom plate (2-1), and grain dividers (2-4) are respectively arranged below the first vertical cutter 1-2 and the second vertical cutter side plate (2-3), and grain dividers (2-4) are arranged on the grain divider bottom plate (2-2) and the grain divider (2-4) are collected at one end of the grain divider bottom plate (2-1); the reel (3) is arranged on the header frame (5) through reel rotating arms (3-1), folding fan type telescopic baffle curtains (4) are respectively and fixedly arranged on two side surfaces of the header frame (5), one side edge of each folding fan type telescopic baffle curtain (4) is fixed on the reel rotating arms (3-1), and the rest side edges are fixedly arranged on frame beams on two side surfaces of the header frame (5); the utility model provides a cutting table, including cutting table frame (5), including cutting table frame, cutting table frame (5), step motor (702) are installed respectively on the both sides face of cutting table frame (5), every install crank link mechanism (703) on the output shaft of step motor (702), first perpendicular cutterbar 1-1 with the perpendicular cutterbar 1-2 of second all includes perpendicular fixed square pipe of cutting knife (706), it has a plurality of perpendicular cutting knives (705) to distribute on fixed square pipe of perpendicular cutting knife (706), crank link mechanism (703) output is connected with perpendicular fixed square pipe of cutting knife (706) through riveting board (704), crank link mechanism (703) include crank (703-1) and threaded rod (703-3), crank (703-1) are installed on the output shaft of step motor (702), joint bearing I (703-2) and joint bearing II (703-4) are installed respectively at the both ends of threaded rod (703-3), joint bearing I (703-2) are installed the output of crank (703-1), joint bearing II (703-4) are installed on riveting board (704).

2. The low-loss rape header according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the crop divider collecting tank box (2-4) is arranged in a front high and rear low way, the side close to the first crop divider side plate (2-2) and the second crop divider side plate (2-3) is higher, and the side close to the header bottom plate (7) is lower.

3. A low loss rape header according to claim 1, characterized in that the threaded rod (703-3) is further provided with a round nut (703-5).