CN108490974B

CN108490974B - Ecological unmanned aerial vehicle that maintains

Info

Publication number: CN108490974B
Application number: CN201810356126.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Avic Zhuhai General Aviation Co ltd
Current assignee: AVIC (Zhuhai) General Aviation Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-04-19
Filing date: 2018-04-19
Publication date: 2021-05-14
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-19
Also published as: CN108490974A

Abstract

The invention relates to an ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, intelligent machines and ecological maintenance. The ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle is designed by a camera, an infrared detector, an insect killer, an air inlet pipe, a culture device, a carrier, a power supply device and a control system. Detect agriculture and forestry pest data and then regulate and control unmanned aerial vehicle flight path by setting up camera and the infrared detector on the unmanned aerial vehicle carries the connector and removes, come to catch and kill the agriculture and forestry pest and corpse collection by carrying the disinsector on the connector, the camera will be in real time taken a picture the pest of district section and catch the condition and transmit the PC high in the clouds and carry out data interchange with the generation condition of agriculture and forestry vegetation, the air particle of this district section will be gathered and transiently cultivate by the culture apparatus on the air-supply line entering unmanned aerial vehicle, for research agriculture and forestry growth and plant diseases and insect pests provide the condition, device structural design is simple, intelligence environmental protection, an effectual solution is provided for agriculture and forestry plant diseases and insect pests problem.

Description

Ecological unmanned aerial vehicle that maintains

Technical Field

The invention relates to an ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, intelligent machines and ecological maintenance.

Background

With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, people are not limited to the problem of eating satiety, and further concern about the safety, economy and environmental protection of food, which also becomes an important mark for measuring the crop effect, and the agricultural and forestry pests are an important factor for damaging the growth of agricultural and forestry plants.

The air is a material condition for keeping normal activities of human beings and has a very close condition with human health, in the process of growing the agricultural and forestry plants, the pathogenic bacteria in the air of a region have great influence on the plant growth and the human health, the collection and research of plant pollen and virus spores in the air have great effect on the growth analysis of modern agricultural and forestry plants and the data analysis of human health, in the air collection and culture analysis of modern agricultural and forestry science and technology, most of design devices are separately operated in the collection and culture processes, and the collection and culture operations can greatly influence the working efficiency of workers, so that the design of a single setting which can collect particles in the air and culture the particles at the same time and realize the culture has great positive significance on the modern agricultural and forestry research.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle which is designed by a camera, an infrared detector, an insect killing device, an air inlet pipe, a culture device, a carrier, a power supply device and a control system. Detect agriculture and forestry pest data and then regulate and control unmanned aerial vehicle flight path by camera and the infrared detector of setting on unmanned aerial vehicle carries the connector and removes, come to catch and kill the agriculture and forestry pest and corpse collection by carrying the insecticidal device on the connector, the camera will be in real time taken a picture the pest condition of killing of district section and the growth condition of agriculture and forestry vegetation transmit the PC high in the clouds and carry out data interchange, the air particle of this district section will be gathered and culture with the ephemeral by the culture apparatus that the air-supply line got into on the unmanned aerial vehicle, provide the condition for studying agriculture and forestry growth and plant diseases and insect pests.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle, its characterized in that includes: the device comprises a magnetic suspension support, an insect killing device, a camera, an infrared detection device, an air inlet channel, a culture device, a solar cell panel, a carrying body, an electric control valve and a control system, wherein the insect killing and air collecting device is mainly arranged on an unmanned aerial vehicle; the pest data of the region are detected by a camera and an infrared detection device arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the pest data are transmitted to a control system, the control system guides the path navigation of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the pest is trapped and killed by a pest killing device, dead pests are collected by a pest collecting device on the pest killing device, the dead pests are counted by a camera, the growth condition of crops in a region is photographed by the camera and uploaded to a single chip microcomputer of a control system, the single chip microcomputer carries out data communication analysis on the collected information with a PC cloud end and a handheld end through a wireless communication module, pollen spore dust particles in the air enter a culture medium device through an air inlet channel to be captured and cultured transiently, and further, a certain condition is provided for agriculture and forestry plant cultivation research and crop growth, and the unmanned aerial vehicle is safely landed by the magnetic suspension support arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Furthermore, the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle can be arranged on various unmanned aerial vehicles through a connecting device, in order to better adapt to the landing of unmanned aerial vehicles in different regions, the unmanned aerial vehicle adopts the design of four brackets, the four brackets are designed by adopting a magnetic suspension component, the physical principle adopted by the design is that the magnetic poles with the same name repel each other, the magnetic suspension bracket comprises two magnets and magnets with the same magnetic pole size, a sleeve and a connecting push rod, the two magnets with the same name are oppositely arranged at two ports of the sleeve, the lower end surface of the connecting push rod is connected with the magnet arranged at the upper end, the upper end surface of the push rod is connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the two magnets form the magnetic suspension component in the sleeve, the magnetic suspension force in the four brackets is just as heavy as the unmanned aerial vehicle body, at the moment, the unmanned aerial vehicle body is indirectly contacted with the upper magnet of the magnetic, unmanned aerial vehicle fuselage is in the suspension state, below magnet links to each other with the sleeve, can not remove in the sleeve, but magnet and connecting push rod are indirect to be linked to each other and can remove in the sleeve, when unmanned aerial vehicle descends, unmanned aerial vehicle's four-footed support can contact ground, four-footed support can make the push rod of the magnetic suspension subassembly of support take place to remove in the sleeve because of the unbalanced stress of when descending, the support homoenergetic that four magnetic suspension subassemblies are constituteed is according to concrete descending atress condition interact, if unmanned aerial vehicle produces the slope to the right, two supports in the right of four-footed support can produce a buffer power and make fuselage keep balance, the unbalanced stress of other condition of the same reason, the support homoenergetic produces corresponding magnetic force according to the atress and makes fuselage keep balance, make unmanned aerial vehicle steadily descend ground, unmanned aerial vehicle can control self route shift and go on pest killing and control system's singlechip according to the pest data of the section that camera and infrared detection device detected and air acquisition, unmanned aerial vehicle's inside operating system is the same with general unmanned aerial vehicle, and each item flight systems such as its a steering system, driving system all are connected with the singlechip, and operating system is controlled by the singlechip.

Further, be provided with the carrier at unmanned aerial vehicle's fuselage lower part, this carrier's size is less than unmanned aerial vehicle's fuselage, the carrier sets up the box-packed of cuboid, this carrier comes to be connected with unmanned aerial vehicle's fuselage through four spliced poles, be provided with rubber shock pad in the fuselage junction with unmanned aerial vehicle, reduce the vibration nature between fuselage and the carrier through the shock pad, it is used for balanced vibration to be provided with rubber shock pad in the interior bottom of carrier in addition, the culture medium device is placed to rubber shock pad's higher authority, the carrier is used for carrying and connects including insecticidal device, the camera, infrared detection device, and these devices have all realized firm connection between connecting piece and the carrier.

Further, the insect killing device is arranged on a carrying and connecting body of the unmanned aerial vehicle and mainly comprises a shading top plate, a mercury lamp, an electric shock insect killing net, an insect corpse collecting pipeline, an insect collector and an electric control valve, the insect killing device is arranged into a lamp shade type cylindrical device, the upper insect killing device is connected with the lower insect collector through the insect corpse collecting pipeline, the corpse collecting pipeline and the insect collector are arranged inside the carrying and connecting body, the electric control valve is arranged at the bottom of the insect collector and the bottom of the whole insect killing device and adopts the prior art, namely, the opening and closing of the valve are realized by switching on and off electricity, the whole device penetrates through the carrying and connecting body, the insect killing device is communicated up and down when the electric control valve at the lower part is opened, the mosquito corpse falls into the ground below, the diameter of the mosquito corpse pipeline is the same as that of the top plate at the upper part and is larger than that of the electric shock insect killing net arranged, the compound eye of the insect is very sensitive to ultraviolet radiation with the wavelength of 330-400nm, so that the insect is trapped by a black light lamp with the light wave of 360nm, the electric shock insect killing net is mainly arranged by adopting a high-voltage electric shock design, when the insect enters the insect killing net due to the attraction of a mercury lamp and is killed by touching the electric shock net, and enters the mosquito body pipeline below the insect killing net and is stored in an insect collector below the mosquito body pipeline, the insect collector is mainly arranged on the lower bottom surface of the carrier-connected body, an electric control door is arranged below the insect collector, after a certain amount of the insect is stored in the insect collector, the electric control valve is opened, and the insect body falls to the corresponding body storage ground through the electric control valve.

Further, a camera arranged on a carrying and connecting body of the unmanned aerial vehicle is connected with the carrying and connecting body through a holder and a connecting device, the camera is placed at the forefront end of the unmanned aerial vehicle to take a picture, the camera adopts 360-degree all-dimensional monitoring, the camera mainly has three functions, one of the three functions is capable of taking a picture of insects flying to an insecticidal net and uploading the picture to a control end to analyze and kill the data condition of the insects, the other function is capable of taking a picture of animals and plants of forestry segments, the detection and shooting of the animals of the whole segment are included, the growth condition of vegetation is collected, the camera transmits the data to a single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is used for collecting information data and exchanging information with a PC cloud, and further, conditions are provided for species research and pest control of the segment, and the infrared detection device can be used for detecting pest data of the segment of the agriculture and forestry, the path movement of the drone is accomplished by the control terminal by detecting the approximate pest number of the segment and transmitting the data to the control terminal.

Further, the culture medium device comprises: glass apron, the wind channel, filtered air passageway, the slide glass, the culture medium, cultivate the box, the air outlet, automatically controlled door, culture apparatus's upper portion sets up the glass apron, the glass apron mainly carries out certain safeguard measure to the culture medium, the multirow multiseriate culture medium of certain quantity has been set up in the lower part of glass apron, and every culture medium and the culture box of placing the culture medium all carry out the sterilization and set up the processing, the slide glass of culture medium and upper portion is separated by adopting automatically controlled door in the upper portion of culture medium, this automatically controlled door comprises two door structures, place the slide glass on the automatically controlled door, adopt the opening and closing of automatically controlled door and then control the slide glass to fall into the culture medium of below and carry out the culture of pollen spore micronic dust.

Further, an air inlet channel is arranged on the carrying body and is communicated with all air channels arranged on the wall surface of the culture box, an air inlet pipe mainly receives air, when the detection device detects that the condition of the land animals and plants is not accordant with cloud data or diseases and insect pests occur, an electric control valve of the air inlet channel is opened, tiny dust particles such as pollen spores and the like in the air outside the region can enter the air inlet channel and further enter a specific culture device, an air channel is arranged on the wall surface of each culture box, in addition, the air channel of each culture box is communicated with the air inlet channel arranged on the upper part of the carrying body of the unmanned aerial vehicle, when the unmanned aerial vehicle reaches a region position to kill pests, the air inlet channel is opened, and the singlechip controls the electric control valve of the air channel of one culture medium device to be opened and closed, each culture medium is provided with an air channel independently leading to the air inlet pipeline, the connection state of the air channel of each culture medium and the air inlet pipeline is controlled by an electric control valve, when the electric control valve of one culture medium is opened to lead the air channel of the culture medium to be communicated with the air inlet pipeline, the electric control valves on other culture medium air channels are not influenced to keep a closed state, so that the air channel is not communicated with the air inlet pipeline, air enters the culture medium device, dust particles in the air fall onto a glass slide coated with vaseline on the surface, then the electric control valves control the electric control valves to open, the glass slide carrying air micro-dust falls into a liquid culture medium for temporary cultivation, the air particles on the cultured slide glass are only used as a simple observation research object of air composition on the culture medium so as to provide certain conditions for researching the air condition and species of the section.

Further, the culture medium device still is provided with filtered air passageway and air outlet, when the slide did not fall into the culture medium, atmospheric pressure in the culture medium is a stable numerical value, when the slide falls into the liquid medium and cultivates, the electrically controlled door is closed, whole culture medium has been kept apart with external environment, the inside air of culture medium only follows the slide and enters into the air on the culture medium this moment, filtered air passageway and air outlet are closed this moment, when the culture medium is taken out by the observation personnel and is observed, the air of the inside original culture in-process of culture medium device is taken out by the aspiration pump of air outlet, and filtered air passageway will be let in aseptic air to inside this moment and maintain the balance of inside atmospheric pressure.

Furthermore, a solar cell panel capable of charging the storage battery is arranged above the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and the solar cell panel can provide partial electric energy for the unmanned aerial vehicle device by converting solar energy into electric energy and provide electric energy for the unmanned aerial vehicle to work together with a power supply carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle.

Furthermore, the control system of the device comprises a wireless communication module, a single chip microcomputer, a handheld data receiving end and a PC data end, wherein the wireless communication module is realized by adopting the prior art, the single chip microcomputer is provided with a communication serial port, the communication serial port is connected with a computer, a camera, an infrared detection device, a culture device and an electric control valve of the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle are all connected with the single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer is used for receiving the section pest data detected by the camera and the infrared detection device and receiving the pest killing data and the agriculture and forestry growth image data acquired by the camera, the single chip microcomputer is used for transmitting the received information data to the computer through the communication serial port, the computer is used for processing the data and then transmitting the data to the single chip microcomputer through the communication serial port, the single chip microcomputer is used for controlling the path movement of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the received computer data information, and the opening and closing of the electric control valve of the device The operation of the breeding device is realized. The signal data received by the single chip microcomputer are subjected to data information exchange through the wireless communication module and transmitted to the handheld end, data exchange is carried out through the communication serial port and the PC cloud end, data exchange can be further carried out between the single chip microcomputer and the handheld end and between the single chip microcomputer and the PC cloud end, and the data processing efficiency of the control system is effectively improved through the arrangement of the handheld end and the PC end.

An ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle comprises the following steps.

Step 1: the setting is at unmanned aerial vehicle's the general data of carrying the hot sensing plant diseases and insect pests that come the detection area of body upper portion infrared detection device, and in addition, the camera will also gather the pest data of district section through shooing, and both can be with the pest data transmission who detects to the control end, and the flight system who guides unmanned aerial vehicle by the control end carries out the route and removes.

Step 2: the unmanned aerial vehicle flies to a specific area to carry out fixing work, the insect trapping device arranged on the carrying body of the unmanned aerial vehicle starts working at the moment, the mercury lamp of the insect trapping device emits light, external pests fly to the insect trapping device due to the attraction of light, and the pests are knocked down to be killed after touching the electric shock net of the insect trapping device.

And step 3: the pest corpse that kills will enter into the collection worm ware through corpse collecting tube, and when the collection worm quantity of collection worm ware reached one, the special ground of organism outside from the below passageway transportation to unmanned aerial vehicle with the corpse by single chip microcomputer control electrically controlled valve.

And 4, step 4: when unmanned aerial vehicle carried out the during operation, when camera and infrared detection device detected the growth condition of the animal and plant of this region section and when the PC data end was not accorded with, the air inlet channel that sets up on the carrier connector will be opened through electric control valve, the air can get into air inlet channel, the electric control valve of control wind channel switching on the monolithic opportunity control culture medium box was opened or was closed this moment, the particle of air was carried out the air particle collection in this region on entering into the slide glass of culture box inside by air inlet channel this moment.

And 5: when unmanned aerial vehicle has accomplished the device during operation in this area, the slide will accomplish the air particle collection, and single chip microcomputer control closes the wind channel of this culture box, and electrically controlled door opens this moment, and the inside slide of culture box will fall into the liquid medium that the below set up and carry out the air particle of this section ephemeral cultivation.

Step 6: at whole cultivation in-process, for guaranteeing to cultivate not influenced, the vent and the air intake of device are closed, after a period, the staff makes unmanned aerial vehicle descend ground through the control of control end, opens by the staff and cultivates the box and take out the culture medium, and the vent that sets up on the culture medium this moment will be taken inside air out by the aspiration pump, lets in filtered air by filtration passageway inside again and guarantees the atmospheric pressure balance of device and make things convenient for setting and the air particle culture of next culture medium.

And 7: this ecological unmanned aerial vehicle that maintains is in whole course of the work, and solar cell panel and unmanned aerial vehicle self charging source who is set up on by unmanned aerial vehicle provide the electric energy for unmanned aerial vehicle's device, and control module will store real-time analysis and processing according to the device work on the unmanned aerial vehicle to the information acquisition of unmanned aerial vehicle's work.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the insect killing and air collecting device can be arranged on the body of any unmanned aerial vehicle to work, so that the data information collecting and processing workability is stronger, and the flexibility is better; 2. the pest is caught and killed by a physical pest trapping technology, so that the use of pesticides can be effectively reduced, and the ecological and natural environments can be protected to a great extent; 3. on the basis of the device for catching and killing pests, the device also provides an air collection and particle cultivation technical device, which provides conditions for further researching the pests and the growth of crops, so that the device not only can realize the catching of the pests, but also can realize the advanced prevention and research of the pests, and has stronger functionality; 4. the device has the advantages that the physical method and the biological technology are effectively combined, and the device is stronger in structure and better in action effect through the combination of the camera shooting acquisition technology, the infrared detection technology, the black light lamp trapping technology and the biological cultivation technology; . 5. The magnetic suspension shock absorption support is added on the design of the unmanned aerial vehicle body to meet the stable landing of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the shock absorption rubber sheet is arranged on the carrier, so that the stability and the working performance of the device are better; 6. this device is in the power supply processing, and the effective continuation of journey ability that adopts solar cell panel and unmanned aerial vehicle's own power of combining to provide certain condition for the device is the energy saving more in the power supply, environmental protection economy.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an overall structural view of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a structural view of an insect attracting and killing device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a view showing the entire structure of a culture apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a view showing the internal structure of a culture medium of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a system operation block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the operation of the control system of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the control circuit operation of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a system circuit diagram of a portion of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram of the solar panel of the present invention;

the reference numbers in the figures are: 1-a magnetic suspension bracket; 2-an insecticidal device; 3-a camera; 4-an infrared detection device; 5-air inlet channel; 6-medium device; 7-solar panels; 8-carrying plate.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in combination with the detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-6, an ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle is characterized by comprising: the device comprises a magnetic suspension support 1, an insect killing device 2, a camera 3, an infrared detection device 4, an air inlet channel 5, a culture device 6, a solar cell panel 7, a carrying body 8, an electric control valve and a control system, wherein the insect killing and air collecting device is mainly arranged on an unmanned aerial vehicle, the insect killing device 2, the camera 3, the infrared detection device 4 and the culture device 6 are all arranged on the carrying body 8, the insect killing device 2, the camera 3, the infrared detection device 4, the culture device 6 and the solar cell panel 7 are all connected with a single chip microcomputer of the control system, the electric control valve is arranged at the positions of the insect killing device 2, the air inlet channel 5, the culture medium device 6 and the like on the body, and the communication state of each part is mainly controlled; the pest data of the region are detected by a camera 3 and an infrared detection device 4 which are arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the pest data are transmitted to a control system, the control system guides the path navigation of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the pest is trapped and killed by the pest killing device 2, dead pests are collected by the pest collecting device on the pest killing device 2, the dead pests are counted by the camera 3, the growth condition of crops in a region is photographed and uploaded to the single chip microcomputer of the control system, the single chip microcomputer carries out data communication analysis on the collected information with the PC cloud end and the handheld end through the wireless communication module, pollen spore dust particles in the air enter the culture medium device 6 through the air inlet channel 5 for capturing and transient culture, and further, a certain condition is provided for agriculture and forestry plant cultivation research and crop growth, and the magnetic suspension support 1 arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for completing the safe landing of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

The ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle can be arranged on various types of unmanned aerial vehicles through a connecting device, in order to better adapt to the landing of unmanned aerial vehicles in different regions, the unmanned aerial vehicle is designed by four supports 1, the four supports 1 are designed by magnetic suspension components, the physical principle adopted by the design is that the magnetic poles with the same name repel each other, the magnetic suspension supports 1 comprise two magnets 101 and 102 with the same magnetic pole size, a sleeve 103 and a connecting push rod 104, the magnets 101 and 102 with the same magnetic pole size are oppositely arranged at two ports of the sleeve 103, the lower end face of the connecting push rod 104 is connected with the magnets 101, the upper end face of the connecting push rod 104 is connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the two magnets form the magnetic suspension components in the sleeve 103 at the moment, the magnetic suspension force in the four supports 1 is just the same weight as the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and the unmanned aerial vehicle body is, the body of the unmanned aerial vehicle is in a suspension state without contacting with the magnet 102 below, the magnet 102 below is connected with the sleeve 103 and cannot move in the sleeve 103, the magnet 101 is indirectly connected with the connecting push rod 104 and can move in the sleeve 103, when the unmanned aerial vehicle lands, the four-foot support 1 of the unmanned aerial vehicle contacts the ground, the push rod 104 of the magnetic suspension assembly of the support 1 can move in the sleeve 103 due to the unbalanced stress during landing, the supports 1 consisting of the four magnetic suspension assemblies can interact according to the specific landing stress condition, if the unmanned aerial vehicle tilts rightwards, the two supports 1 on the right side of the four-foot support 1 can generate a buffer force to keep the body balanced, and similarly, the supports 1 can generate corresponding magnetic force according to the stress to keep the body balanced to ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle lands on the ground stably, unmanned aerial vehicle can control self route transfer and go to carry out pest killing and air acquisition according to the pest data of the district that camera 3 and infrared detection device 4 detected and convey control system's singlechip, and unmanned aerial vehicle's inside operating system is the same with general unmanned aerial vehicle, and each item flying system such as its a steering system, driving system all is connected with the singlechip, and operating system is controlled by the singlechip.

Be provided with at unmanned aerial vehicle's fuselage lower part and carry connector 8, this carry connector 8's size is less than unmanned aerial vehicle's fuselage, carry connector 8 to set up to the box-packed of cuboid, this carry connector 8 comes to be connected with unmanned aerial vehicle's fuselage through four spliced poles, be provided with rubber shock pad in the fuselage junction with unmanned aerial vehicle, reduce the vibratility between fuselage and the carrier 8 through the shock pad, be provided with rubber shock pad in the interior bottom of carrier 8 in addition and be used for balanced vibration, culture medium device 6 is placed to rubber shock pad's higher authority, carrier 8 is used for carrying to connect including insecticidal device 2, camera 3, infrared detection device 4, and these devices have all realized firm being connected between connector and the carrier 8.

The insect killing device 2 is arranged on a carrying and receiving body 8 of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the insect killing device 2 mainly comprises a shading top plate 201, a black light lamp 202, an electric shock insect killing net 203, an insect corpse collecting pipeline 204, an insect collector 205 and an electric control valve, the insect killing device 2 is arranged into a lamp shade type cylindrical device, the upper insect killing device is connected with the lower insect collector 205 through the insect corpse collecting pipeline 204, the corpse collecting pipeline 205 and the insect collector 206 are arranged inside the carrying and receiving body 8, the electric control valve is arranged at the bottom of the insect collector 206 and is also the bottom of the whole insect killing device 2, the electric control valve adopts the prior art, namely, the opening and closing of the valve are realized through the on-off electricity, the whole device penetrates through the carrying body 8, when the electric control valve at the lower part is opened, the insect killing device 2 is vertically communicated, the insect corpses fall into the ground below, the diameter of the insect corpse pipeline 204 is the same as that of the top, the black light lamp 202 adopts a mercury lamp to trap pests, the compound eyes of the insects are very sensitive to ultraviolet radiation with the wavelength of 330-.

The camera 8 arranged on the carrying and connecting body 8 of the unmanned aerial vehicle is connected with the carrying and connecting body 8 through a holder and a connecting device, the camera 3 is placed at the foremost end of the unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out camera shooting 3, the camera 3 adopts 360-degree all-dimensional monitoring, the camera 3 mainly has three functions, one of which can carry out shooting record on insects flying to the insecticidal net 204 and upload the insects to a control end to analyze and kill the data condition of pests, the other can carry out shooting and collection on the animal and plant conditions of the agriculture and forestry fragments, including the detection and shooting of animals of the whole field section and the collection of the growth condition of vegetation, the camera 3 transmits the data to a single chip microcomputer, the single chip microcomputer finishes the collection of information data and the information exchange with the cloud of a PC (personal computer), and further better provides conditions for species research and pest control of the section, and the infrared detection device 4 can detect the pest data of the agriculture and forestry fields, the path movement of the drone is accomplished by the control terminal by detecting the approximate pest number of the segment and transmitting the data to the control terminal.

The culture medium device 6 comprises: the culture device comprises a glass cover plate 601, an air duct 602, a filtered air channel 603, glass slides 604, a culture medium 605, culture boxes 606, an air outlet 607 and an electric control door 608, wherein the glass cover plate 601 is arranged at the upper part of the culture device 6, the glass cover plate 601 mainly performs certain protection measures on the culture medium 604, a certain number of rows and columns of culture medium 605 are arranged at the lower part of the glass cover plate 601, each culture medium 605 and the culture box 606 with the culture medium 605 placed therein are subjected to sterilization setting treatment, the electric control door 608 is used for separating the culture medium 605 from the glass slides 604 on the upper part at the upper part of the culture medium 605, the electric control door 608 is composed of two door structures, the glass slides 604 are placed on the electric control door 608, and the electric control valve is used for controlling the opening and closing of the electric control door 608 so as to control the glass slides 604 to fall into the culture medium 605 below pollen for air spore micron.

An air inlet channel 5 is also arranged on the carrier-receiving body 8, the air inlet channel 5 is communicated with all air channels 602 arranged on the wall surface of the culture box 606, the air inlet pipe 5 mainly receives air, when the detection device detects that the condition of the geoanimals and plants is not accordant with cloud data or diseases and insect pests occur, an electric control valve of the air inlet channel 5 is opened, at the moment, tiny dust particles such as pollen spores and the like in the air outside the area can enter the air inlet channel 5 and further enter a specific culture device 6, the air channel 602 is arranged on the wall surface of each culture box 605, in addition, the air channel 602 of each culture box 606 is communicated with the air inlet channel 5 arranged on the upper part of the unmanned aerial vehicle-carrying-receiving body 8, when the unmanned aerial vehicle reaches a region position to kill the pests, the air inlet channel (5) is opened, at the moment, the singlechip controls the electric control valve of the air channel 602 of one culture medium device 6 to be opened, each culture medium 605 is provided with a section of air duct 602 which independently leads to the air inlet pipeline 5, the connection state of the air duct 602 of each culture medium 605 and the air inlet pipeline 5 is controlled by an electric control valve, when the electric control valve of one culture medium 605 is opened to connect the air duct 602 with the air inlet pipeline 5, the electric control valves on the air ducts 602 of the other culture mediums 605 are not influenced and kept in a closed state, so that the air duct 602 is not connected with the air inlet pipeline 5, air enters the culture medium device 6, dust particles in the air fall onto a glass slide 604 with the surface coated with vaseline, then the electric control valves control the electric control valves 608 to be opened, the glass slide 604 with air micro-dust falls into the liquid culture medium 605 for temporary cultivation, and the air micro-particles on the cultivated glass slide 604 are just taken as a simple observation research object of air components on the culture medium 605, to provide conditions for studying the air condition and species in the zone.

The culture medium device 6 is further provided with a filtered air channel 603 and an air outlet 607, when the glass slide 604 does not fall into the culture medium 605, the air pressure in the culture medium 605 is a stable value, when the glass slide 604 falls into the liquid culture medium 605 for culture, the electric control door 608 is closed, the whole culture medium 605 is isolated from the external environment, at this time, the air in the culture medium 605 only enters the air on the culture medium 605 along with the glass slide 604, at this time, the filtered air channel 603 and the air outlet 607 are closed, when the culture medium 605 is taken out by an observer for observation, the air in the original culture process in the culture medium device 6 is pumped out by the air pump of the air outlet 607, and at this time, the filtered air channel 603 is filled with sterile air to maintain the balance of the internal air pressure.

A solar cell panel 7 capable of charging a storage battery is arranged above the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the solar cell panel 7 can provide partial electric energy for the unmanned aerial vehicle through converting solar energy into electric energy, and the electric energy is provided for the unmanned aerial vehicle to work together with a power supply of the unmanned aerial vehicle.

The control system of the device comprises a wireless communication module, a singlechip, a handheld data receiving end and a PC data end, wherein the wireless communication module is realized by adopting the prior art, the singlechip is provided with a communication serial port, the communication serial port is connected with a computer, a camera 3, an infrared detection device 4, a culture device 6 and an electric control valve of the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle are all connected with the singlechip, the singlechip receives segment pest data detected by the camera 3 and the infrared detection device 4 and receives pest killing data and agriculture and forestry growth image data acquired by the camera 3, the singlechip transmits the received information data to the computer through the communication serial port, the computer processes the data and then transmits the data to the singlechip through the communication serial port, the singlechip controls the path movement of the unmanned aerial vehicle through the received data information of the computer, and controls the opening and closing of the electric control valve of the device through the received information of the computer to control the insect killing device of the device 2 and the culture device 6. The signal data received by the single chip microcomputer are subjected to data information exchange through the wireless communication module and transmitted to the handheld end, data exchange is carried out through the communication serial port and the PC cloud end, data exchange can be further carried out between the single chip microcomputer and the handheld end and between the single chip microcomputer and the PC cloud end, and the data processing efficiency of the control system is effectively improved through the arrangement of the handheld end and the PC end.

Referring to fig. 7-9, the circuit diagram of the system of the present invention includes: the intelligent insect killer comprises a clock circuit, a reset circuit, a single chip microcomputer, an analog eight-bit camera 3 circuit, a serial communication circuit, an infrared detection device 4 circuit, a wireless communication transmitting circuit, a wireless communication receiving circuit, an insect killing device 2 black light circuit, an electric control valve, a dragging magnet electric control platform and a solar cell, wherein the model of the used single chip microcomputer is AT89C51, the model of the camera 3 is OV6620, the infrared detection device 4 is PIR, the electric control valve is switched on and off by a direct current motor controlled by the single chip microcomputer, the wireless communication module is divided into a transmitting part and a receiving part, the same name magnet forming magnetic suspension is carried by the electric control platform, a culture medium is switched on and off by an electric control valve (electronic control), and the black light lamp (blacklight lamp) is a mercury lamp 202. The camera 3 is OV6620, which is connected with P1.0-P1.7 by eight switches to simulate eight-bit input of the camera. The magnetic suspension device is composed of magnets of the same name, and one of the magnets of the same name in the circuit is supported by an electric control platform to control the suspension. The singlechip will be handled by the signal of telecommunication that camera 3, infrared detection device 4 transmitted, after confirming the position of pest, lure the pest by black light 202 that takes on unmanned aerial vehicle's year carrier 8, kill the pest by electric shock insecticidal net 203, the pest dies the back, collects the corpse by pest collector 205 at last by singlechip transmission signal control electric control valve switch (electric control valve is formed by direct current motor.) will collect the corpse of pest and descend to ground after unmanned aerial vehicle to the ground. The reset circuit, the serial communication circuit, the wireless transmitting circuit, the wireless receiving circuit and the solar panel circuit in the invention are further explained as follows:

a reset circuit: the operation of the single chip microcomputer is guaranteed, and the reset circuit has the following functions: the power-on reset may reset the internal memory; synchronizing internal and external clock signals; when the voltage fluctuates or is unstable, the reset circuit delays the circuit until the circuit is stable; when the program has an error, the single chip microcomputer is restored to a normal operation state through the reset circuit.

A serial port communication circuit: are commonly used in computers to acquire remotely acquired data. MAX232 is the level conversion interface, COMPIM is the standard computer RS232 interface. The signal sent by the single chip microcomputer is converted into electric level by the MAX232 and then is transmitted to a computer through an RS232 interface.

The wireless transmitting circuit: the common transmitter circuit uses the acoustic meter device, so that the circuit works very stably, and the transmitting frequency cannot drift even if the antenna, the acoustic meter or other parts of the circuit are held by hands. It is therefore apparent that the transmission employs a circuit using a sonographic device.

A wireless receiving circuit: the receiver can use a super regenerative circuit or a super heterodyne circuit, the super regenerative circuit has low cost and low power consumption which can reach about 100uA, and the well-adjusted sensitivity of the super regenerative circuit is almost as good as that of a super heterodyne receiver with one-stage high amplification, one-stage oscillation, one-stage frequency mixing and two-stage intermediate amplification.

Solar cell panel 7 circuit: the model of the chip is LT1073, and A is a solar panel. The solar panel a in the figure provides 6V. LT1073 detects the charging current via resistor R6, and maintains the charging current at 16 milliamps in the battery. The LT1073 has a low voltage detector, when the output voltage of the solar panel reaches 4V, the LT1073 will disconnect the charging circuit, and when the voltage rises to 5V, the battery can be continuously charged.

The working principle of the circuit of the system is as follows: detect the pest data in the district section through camera 3 and anterior infrared detection device 4 on unmanned aerial vehicle's carrier 8 upper portion of setting, convey this data after the singlechip, the route that unmanned aerial vehicle was controlled to flight control module by the singlechip is removed, fly to lure worm device 2 to catch after dying when the pest, the corpse enters into album worm ware 205, control electric control valve by the singlechip at last and come to discharge the corpse from the lower part of unmanned aerial vehicle's carrier, particle in the air enters into culture medium device 6 back by air inlet channel 5, gather on slide 604, control slide 604 through electric control valve and fall into culture medium 605 in for the transient cultivation, provide certain condition for the growth of plant and plant diseases and insect pests analysis.

It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. An ecological unmanned aerial vehicle that maintains, characterized in that: the intelligent pest killing device comprises a magnetic suspension support (1), a pest killing device (2), a camera (3), an infrared detection device (4), an air inlet channel (5), a culture medium device (6), a solar cell panel (7), a carrying and connecting body (8), an electric control valve and a control system, wherein the pest killing device (2), the camera (3), the infrared detection device (4) and the culture medium device (6) are all arranged on the carrying and connecting body (8) on an unmanned aerial vehicle, the pest killing device (2), the camera (3), the infrared detection device (4), the culture medium device (6) and the solar cell panel (7) are all connected with a single chip microcomputer of the control system, and the electric control valve is arranged at the pest killing device (2), the air inlet channel (5) and the culture medium device (6) on a machine body and controls the communication state of each part; the pest data of a region are detected through a camera (3) and an infrared detection device (4) which are arranged on an unmanned aerial vehicle, the pest data are transmitted to a control system, the control system guides the path navigation of the unmanned aerial vehicle, pests are trapped and killed by a pest killing device (2), dead pests are collected by a pest collecting device on the pest killing device (2), the dead pests are counted by the camera (3), the crop growth conditions of the region are photographed and uploaded to a single chip microcomputer of the control system, the single chip microcomputer carries out data communication analysis on collected information, a PC data end and a handheld data receiving end through a wireless communication module, pollen spore dust particles in the air enter a culture medium device (6) through an air inlet channel (5) to realize capture and transient culture, and certain conditions are provided for agriculture and forestry plant cultivation research and crop growth, the magnetic suspension bracket (1) arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for completing the safe landing of the unmanned aerial vehicle;

the lower part of the unmanned aerial vehicle body is provided with a carrying body (8), the size of the carrying body (8) is smaller than that of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the carrying body (8) is arranged into a cuboid box, the carrying body (8) is connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle body through four connecting columns, a rubber shock-absorbing rubber cushion is arranged at the joint of the unmanned aerial vehicle body and reduces the vibration between the unmanned aerial vehicle body and the carrying and connecting body (8), in addition, a rubber shock-absorbing gasket is arranged at the inner bottom of the carrying and connecting body (8) and is used for balancing vibration, a culture medium device (6) is arranged on the rubber shock-absorbing gasket, the carrying and connecting body (8) is used for carrying and connecting the insect-killing device (2), the camera (3) and the infrared detection device (4), the insecticidal device (2), the camera (3) and the infrared detection device (4) are firmly connected with the carrier (8) through the connecting piece;

the culture medium device (6) comprises: the culture medium device comprises a glass cover plate (601), an air duct (602), an air filtering channel (603), glass slides (604), a culture medium (605), culture boxes (606), an air outlet (607) and an electric control door (608), wherein the glass cover plate (601) is arranged on the upper portion of the culture medium device (6), the glass cover plate (601) carries out certain protection measures on the culture medium (604), a certain number of rows and columns of the culture medium (605) are arranged on the lower portion of the glass cover plate (601), each culture medium (605) and the culture box (606) of the placed culture medium (605) are subjected to sterilization setting treatment, the culture medium (605) and the glass slides (604) on the upper portion of the culture medium (605) are separated through the electric control door (608), the electric control door (608) is composed of two door structures, the glass slides (604) are placed on the electric control door (608), and the electric control valve is adopted to control the opening and closing of the electric control door (608) so as to control the glass slides (604) to fall into the culture medium below as required (605) Carrying out air pollen spore micronic dust culture;

an air inlet channel (5) is further arranged on the carrier-receiving body (8), the air inlet channel (5) is communicated with all air channels (602) arranged on the wall surface of the culture box (606), the air inlet channel (5) receives air, when a detection device detects that the condition of the ground animals and plants where the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle is located is not accordant with cloud data or the condition of plant diseases and insect pests occurs, an electric control valve of the air inlet channel (5) is opened, pollen spores in the air outside the area where the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle is located enter the air inlet channel (5) and further enter the culture medium device (6), the air channel (602) is arranged on the wall surface of each culture box (605), in addition, the air channel (602) of each culture box (606) is communicated with the air inlet channel (5) arranged on the upper portion of the carrier-receiving body (8), when the unmanned aerial vehicle reaches a region position to kill pests, when the air inlet channel (5) is opened, the singlechip controls the opening of an electric control valve of an air channel (602) of one culture medium device (6), each culture medium (605) is provided with a section of air channel (602) independently leading to the air inlet pipeline (5), the communication state of the air channel (602) of each culture medium (605) and the air inlet pipeline (5) is controlled by the electric control valve, when the electric control valve of one culture medium (605) is opened to lead the air channel (602) to be communicated with the air inlet pipeline (5), the electric control valves on the air channels (602) of other culture mediums (605) are kept in a closed state to lead the air channel (602) not to be communicated with the air inlet pipeline (5), air enters the culture medium device (6), dust particles in the air fall onto a glass slide (604) coated with vaseline on the surface at the moment, and then the electric control valve (608) is opened, the glass slide (604) loaded with the air dust falls into a liquid culture medium (605) for temporary cultivation, and the air particles on the cultivated glass slide (604) are only used as a simple observation and research object of air components on the culture medium (605), so that certain conditions are provided for researching the air condition and species of a section where the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle is located;

the culture medium device (6) is also provided with an air filtering channel (603) and an air outlet (607), when the slide (604) is not dropped into the medium (605), the pressure of the gas in the medium (605) is a steady value, when the slide glass (604) falls into the liquid culture medium (605) for culture, the electric control door (608) is closed, the whole culture medium (605) is isolated from the external environment, the air in the culture medium (605) only enters the air on the culture medium (605) along with the slide glass (604), the filtered air channel (603) and the air outlet (607) are closed, when the culture medium (605) is taken out by an observer for observation, air in the original culture process in the culture medium device (6) is pumped out by the air pump of the air outlet (607), at the moment, sterile air is introduced into the filtered air channel (603) to maintain the balance of the internal air pressure;

this ecological unmanned aerial vehicle's of maintaining control system includes wireless communication module, a single-chip microcomputer, handheld data receiving terminal, the PC data end, the single-chip microcomputer is provided with the communication serial ports, the communication serial ports is connected with the computer, this ecological unmanned aerial vehicle's of maintaining camera (3), infrared detection device (4), culture medium device (6) and automatically controlled valve all are connected with the single-chip microcomputer, the district section pest data that camera (3) and infrared detection device (4) detected are received to the single-chip microcomputer, receive pest killing data and agriculture and forestry growth image data that camera (3) gathered, the information data transmission that the single-chip microcomputer received through the communication serial ports to the computer, after the computer carries out data processing, transmit the singlechip through the communication serial ports, the singlechip controls unmanned aerial vehicle's path removal through the data information of received computer, the insecticidal device that the automatically controlled valve of controlling means opened and closed controls ecological unmanned aerial vehicle through the computer information received (( 2) And a culture medium device (6); the signal data received by the singlechip is subjected to data information exchange through the wireless communication module and is transmitted to the handheld data receiving end, and the signal data is subjected to data exchange with the PC data end through the communication serial port, so that the data exchange among the singlechip, the handheld data receiving end and the PC data end is further promoted, and the data processing efficiency of the control system is improved due to the arrangement of the handheld data receiving end and the PC data end;

the insect killing device (2) is composed of a shading top plate (201), a black light lamp (202), an electric shock insect killing net (203), a mosquito corpse collecting pipeline (204), an insect collector and an electric control valve, the insect killing device (2) is a lampshade type cylindrical device, the upper insect killing device (2) is connected with the insect collector below the mosquito corpse collecting pipeline (204) through the mosquito corpse collecting pipeline (204), the mosquito corpse collecting pipeline (204) and the insect collector are arranged inside the carrying and connecting body (8), the electric control valve is arranged at the bottom of the insect collector and at the bottom of the whole insect killing device (2), the electric control valve realizes the opening and closing of the valve through the on-off state, the insect killing device (2) penetrates through the carrying and connecting body (8), the insect killing device (2) is vertically communicated when the electric control valve at the lower part is opened, the mosquito corpse falls into the ground, the mosquito corpse pipeline (204) is the same as the diameter of the top plate (201) at the upper part and is larger than the diameter, the black light lamp (202) adopts a mercury lamp to trap lamplight pests, the light wave of the black light lamp is 360nm, the electric shock insect killing net (203) adopts a high-voltage electric shock design, when mosquitoes enter the electric shock insect killing net (203) due to the attraction of the mercury lamp (202) and are killed by touching the electric shock insect killing net (203), and enter a mosquito corpse pipeline (204) below and are stored in a pest collector arranged below the mosquito corpse pipeline (204), the pest collector is arranged on the lower bottom surface of the carrying connector (8), an electric control door is arranged below the pest collector, and after a certain quantity of mosquitoes are stored in the pest collector in advance, the electric control valve is opened, and the corpse falls to the ground corresponding to the mosquito corpse storage;

the circuit part of the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a clock circuit, a reset circuit, a single chip microcomputer, an analog eight-bit camera circuit, a serial port communication circuit, an infrared detection device (4) circuit, a wireless communication transmitting circuit, a wireless communication receiving circuit, a black light circuit in an insect killing device (2), an electric control valve and a solar cell panel (7), wherein the model of the single chip microcomputer is AT89C51, the infrared detection device (4) is PIR, the electric control valve is switched on and off by a direct current motor controlled by the single chip microcomputer, the wireless communication module is divided into a transmitting part and a receiving part, and the black light lamp (202) is a mercury lamp; the type of the camera (3) is OV6620, and eight switches are respectively connected with P1.0-P1.7 of the singlechip to simulate eight-bit input of the camera; the single chip microcomputer processes electric signals transmitted by the camera (3) and the infrared detection device (4), after the position of pests is confirmed, the black light lamp (202) on a carrier (8) of the unmanned aerial vehicle attracts the pests, the electric shock pest killing net (203) kills the pests, after the pests die, the pest collector (205) collects corpses, and finally the single chip microcomputer transmits the signals to control the electric control valve to open and close, and the corpses collecting the pests are transported to the ground after the unmanned aerial vehicle lands on the ground;

the control method comprises the following steps:

step 1: the infrared detection device arranged on the upper part of the carrier body of the unmanned aerial vehicle detects pest and disease damage data in the area through infrared heat sensation, in addition, the camera also collects pest data of one region through photographing, the infrared detection device and the camera transmit the detected pest data to the control end, and the control end guides a flight system of the unmanned aerial vehicle to carry out path movement;

step 2: the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle flies to a specific area to carry out fixing work, at the moment, the insect trapping device arranged on the carrying body of the unmanned aerial vehicle starts working, the mercury lamp of the insect trapping device emits light, external pests fly to the insect trapping device due to the attraction of light, and are knocked down and killed after touching the electric shock insect killing net of the insect trapping device;

and step 3: the caught and killed pest corpses enter the pest collector through the corpse collecting pipeline, and when the number of the collected pests in the pest collector reaches a preset value, the corpses are transported to a specific ground outside the unmanned aerial vehicle body from a lower channel by the single chip microcomputer controlled electric control valve;

and 4, step 4: when the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle works, when the camera and the infrared detection device detect that the growth conditions of animals and plants in a section where the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle is located do not accord with the PC data end, the air inlet channel arranged on the carrier is opened through the electric control valve, air can enter the air inlet channel, the electric control valve for controlling the opening and closing of the air channel on the culture medium box is controlled by the single chip to be opened or closed, and particles of the air enter a glass slide in the culture box through the air inlet channel to collect air particles in the area where the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle is located;

and 5: when the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle finishes the operation of the device in the area where the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle is located, the glass slide finishes the collection of air particles, the single chip microcomputer controls the closing of the air duct of the culture box, the electric control door is opened at the moment, and the glass slide in the culture box falls into the liquid culture medium arranged below the glass slide to perform transient culture of the air particles in the area where the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle is located;

step 6: in the whole culture process, in order to ensure that the culture is not affected, the ventilation opening and the air inlet of the device are closed, after a period of time, a worker enables the unmanned aerial vehicle to land on the ground through the control of the control end, the worker opens the culture box to take out the culture medium, the ventilation opening arranged on the culture medium pumps out internal air through the air pump at the moment, and then filtered air is introduced into the culture medium through the air filtering channel to ensure the air pressure balance of the device and facilitate the setting of the next culture medium and the air particle culture;

and 7: the unmanned aerial vehicle is maintained to ecology in whole course of the work, provides the electric energy for unmanned aerial vehicle's device by the solar cell panel and unmanned aerial vehicle self charging source that set up on the unmanned aerial vehicle, and control module stores real-time analysis and processing according to the device work on the unmanned aerial vehicle to the information acquisition of unmanned aerial vehicle's work.

2. The ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 1, wherein: the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle is arranged on various unmanned aerial vehicles through a connecting device, in order to better adapt to landing of unmanned aerial vehicles in different regions, the unmanned aerial vehicle is designed by four magnetic suspension supports (1), the four magnetic suspension supports (1) are designed by magnetic suspension components, the physical principle adopted by the design is that the magnetic poles with the same name repel each other, the magnetic suspension supports (1) comprise an upper magnet and a lower magnet which have the same magnetic pole size, a sleeve and a connecting push rod, the upper magnet and the lower magnet of the two magnetic poles with the same name are oppositely arranged at two ports of the sleeve, the lower end surface of the connecting push rod is connected with the upper magnet, the upper end surface is connected with the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the upper magnet and the lower magnet form the magnetic suspension components in the sleeve at the moment, the magnetic suspension force in the four magnetic suspension supports (1) is just the same weight as the unmanned aerial vehicle body, the unmanned aerial vehicle body is, the unmanned aerial vehicle body is in a suspension state, the lower magnet is connected with the sleeve and cannot move in the sleeve, the upper magnet is indirectly connected with the connecting push rod and moves in the sleeve, when the unmanned aerial vehicle lands, four magnetic suspension supports (1) of the unmanned aerial vehicle can contact the ground, the connecting push rod of a magnetic suspension assembly of the magnetic suspension support (1) can be driven to move in the sleeve due to the unbalanced stress during landing of the four magnetic suspension supports (1), the magnetic suspension supports (1) consisting of the four magnetic suspension assemblies can interact according to the specific landing stress condition, if the unmanned aerial vehicle inclines rightwards, two magnetic suspension supports (1) on the right side of the four magnetic suspension supports (1) can generate a buffer force to keep the body balanced, and similarly, the magnetic suspension supports (1) can generate corresponding magnetic force to keep the body balanced according to the stress, make the steady landing ground of unmanned aerial vehicle, unmanned aerial vehicle controls self route transfer and goes to carry out pest killing and air acquisition according to the pest data of the district that camera (3) and infrared detection device (4) detected and the singlechip that conveys control system, and unmanned aerial vehicle's inside operating system is the same with general unmanned aerial vehicle, and its a steering system, driving system all are connected with the singlechip, and operating system is controlled by the singlechip.

3. The ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle of claim 1, wherein: set up a solar cell panel (7) to battery charging in the top of unmanned aerial vehicle's fuselage, solar cell panel (7) provide some electric energy for the ecological maintenance unmanned aerial vehicle through converting solar energy into the electric energy, provide the electric energy for unmanned aerial vehicle's work together with the power that unmanned aerial vehicle self taken.