CN108435238A - A Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO and its application - Google Patents
A Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO and its application Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
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- B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
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- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/40—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively
- B01J29/48—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the pentasil type, e.g. types ZSM-5, ZSM-8 or ZSM-11, as exemplified by patent documents US3702886, GB1334243 and US3709979, respectively containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn‑La‑Ce催化剂及其应用,具体说它属于废气处理技术和环保催化环境领域。该催化剂是以ZSM‑5为载体,以Mn为主活性组分和过渡金属La、Ce为助剂,采用共浸渍法制备而成。首先称取计量比的Mn(NO3)2·4H2O、La(NO3)4·6H2O和Ce(NO3)4·6H2O溶液与ZSM‑5分子筛浸渍,然后水浴搅拌至水分蒸发完全。接着将制得的粉末置于干燥箱中干燥过夜,在500~550℃焙烧5h,自然冷却即制得用于选择催化还原NO的Mn‑La‑Ce/ZSM‑5分子筛催化剂。本发明的Mn‑La‑Ce/ZSM‑5分子筛催化剂具备高的选择催化还原NO的能力,能有效的脱除NO和碳氢化合物。同时,助剂La、Ce与活性组分Mn能起到很好的协同催化作用,提高催化剂的低温活性,降低催化剂的起燃温度,扩宽催化剂的温度操作窗口。The invention discloses a Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO and an application thereof, specifically belonging to the fields of exhaust gas treatment technology and environmental protection catalytic environment. The catalyst is prepared by co-impregnation method with ZSM-5 as the carrier, Mn as the main active component and transition metals La and Ce as additives. Firstly weigh the Mn(NO 3 ) 2 4H 2 O, La(NO 3 ) 4 6H 2 O and Ce(NO 3 ) 4 6H 2 O solutions and impregnate them with ZSM‑5 molecular sieves, then stir in a water bath until The water evaporates completely. Then the prepared powder was dried overnight in a drying oven, calcined at 500-550° C. for 5 hours, and cooled naturally to prepare the Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO. The Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst of the present invention has a high ability of selective catalytic reduction of NO, and can effectively remove NO and hydrocarbons. At the same time, the additives La, Ce and the active component Mn can play a good synergistic catalytic effect, improve the low-temperature activity of the catalyst, reduce the light-off temperature of the catalyst, and widen the temperature operating window of the catalyst.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂及其应用,具体说它属于废气处理技术和环保催化环境领域。The invention relates to a Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO and its application, specifically belonging to the fields of exhaust gas treatment technology and environmental protection catalytic environment.
背景技术Background technique
氮氧化物(NOx)是大气中的主要污染物之一,不仅能引起酸雨、光化学烟雾、臭氧层破坏及雾霭等问题,严重的影响人体健康,危害人类和动植物的生存环境。NOx主要包括NO、NO2和N2O,其中,NO占据90%以上。其主要来源于工业锅炉、火电厂、燃煤电厂等为主的固定源和机动车尾气为主的移动源。最新数据显示,NOx的排放量随着移动源的增加而逐年增加,因此,随着我国环境问题的日益突出,政府也制定了越来越严格的NOx排放标准,如何有效脱除氮氧化物的排放已经成为了现在主流的研究课题。Nitrogen oxide (NOx) is one of the main pollutants in the atmosphere. It can not only cause acid rain, photochemical smog, ozone layer destruction and smog, but also seriously affect human health and endanger the living environment of humans, animals and plants. NOx mainly includes NO, NO 2 and N 2 O, among which, NO occupies more than 90%. It mainly comes from stationary sources such as industrial boilers, thermal power plants, and coal-fired power plants, and mobile sources such as motor vehicle exhaust. The latest data show that NOx emissions are increasing year by year with the increase of mobile sources. Therefore, with the increasingly prominent environmental problems in our country, the government has also formulated increasingly stringent NOx emission standards. How to effectively remove nitrogen oxides Emissions have become a mainstream research topic now.
NOx的脱除技术包括:湿法脱除技术,储存还原技术(NSR),直接催化分解技术,等离子体脱除技术,选择性非催化还原技术(SNCR),以及选择性催化还原技术(SCR)。目前,在众多的脱硝技术当中,SCR技术是最具潜力的NOx净化技术之一,在催化剂的作用下,通过向反应体系中添加还原剂或者尾气中的还原物质选择性将NOx还原成N2,使得尾气中的NOx得以降解。NOx removal technologies include: wet removal technology, storage reduction technology (NSR), direct catalytic decomposition technology, plasma removal technology, selective non-catalytic reduction technology (SNCR), and selective catalytic reduction technology (SCR) . At present, among numerous denitrification technologies, SCR technology is one of the most potential NOx purification technologies. Under the action of a catalyst, NOx is selectively reduced to N2 by adding a reducing agent to the reaction system or reducing substances in the exhaust gas. , so that the NOx in the exhaust gas can be degraded.
选择性还原技术(SCR)的核心在于催化剂,SCR催化剂包括商业化的V2O5-WO3/TiO2催化剂、贵金属催化剂、金属氧化物催化剂和分子筛催化剂。其中,国内外商业化的V2O5-WO3/TiO2催化剂低温活性较差,操作温度窗口窄(350-400℃),且V2O5属于高毒物质,对人体健康和环境危害较大。而贵金属催化剂虽然具备优异的催化性能,但是其制备成本太高,容易与尾气中的硫化物形成硫酸盐,硫中毒而导致催化剂失活。金属氧化物催化剂在空速较高时催化活性较低,易SO2中毒,且在高温老化之后结构坍塌,比表面积减少,从而导致催化剂失活,无法满足越来越严格的排放标准。因此,研究高催化活性、较宽操作温度窗口和低成本的分子筛催化剂成为重点,开发具备自主知识产权的高活性分子筛催化剂也极其具有意义。The core of selective reduction technology (SCR) lies in the catalyst, and SCR catalysts include commercial V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 catalysts, noble metal catalysts, metal oxide catalysts and molecular sieve catalysts. Among them, the commercialized V 2 O 5 -WO 3 /TiO 2 catalysts at home and abroad have poor low-temperature activity, narrow operating temperature window (350-400°C), and V 2 O 5 is a highly toxic substance, which is harmful to human health and the environment larger. Although the noble metal catalyst has excellent catalytic performance, its preparation cost is too high, and it is easy to form sulfate with the sulfide in the exhaust gas, which leads to catalyst deactivation due to sulfur poisoning. Metal oxide catalysts have low catalytic activity when the space velocity is high, are prone to SO poisoning, and after high-temperature aging, the structure collapses and the specific surface area decreases, which leads to catalyst deactivation and cannot meet increasingly stringent emission standards. Therefore, the research on molecular sieve catalysts with high catalytic activity, wide operating temperature window and low cost has become the focus, and the development of highly active molecular sieve catalysts with independent intellectual property rights is also extremely meaningful.
本专利的设计思路是首先筛选出具备良好NO脱除效果且成本低廉的金属活性组分,添加助剂既能促进活性组分的高度分散,又能强化助剂-活性组分-载体之间的相互作用,提高催化剂的低温脱硝活性,扩宽催化剂的操作温度窗口,提高催化剂的稳定性。于是我们按照金属的分类和结构特性,做了大量的探索工作,我们探索了Mn、Ce、Ni、Fe、Zn等活性组分,研究发现Mn具有一定的低温活性,但是其稳定性较差,紧接着,我们探索加入La、Ce助剂用以提高催化剂的低温活性和稳定性,研究发现La、Ce助剂与活性组分形成的金属复合氧化物结构具备储氧和释氧的能力,载体、助剂和活性组分三者之间形成相互作用,促进了SCR反应,极大地提高了催化剂的低温活性。The design idea of this patent is to firstly screen out metal active components with good NO removal effect and low cost. The interaction between catalysts can improve the low-temperature denitrification activity of the catalyst, widen the operating temperature window of the catalyst, and improve the stability of the catalyst. Therefore, we have done a lot of exploration work according to the classification and structural characteristics of metals. We explored active components such as Mn, Ce, Ni, Fe, Zn, etc., and found that Mn has certain low-temperature activity, but its stability is poor. Next, we explored the addition of La and Ce additives to improve the low-temperature activity and stability of the catalyst. The study found that the metal composite oxide structure formed by La, Ce additives and active components has the ability to store and release oxygen. The interaction between the catalyst, the additive and the active component promotes the SCR reaction and greatly improves the low-temperature activity of the catalyst.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂及其应用,该催化剂对利用尾气中存在的C3H6选择性还原NO的反应具备较好的催化活性,并且将污染物质C3H6同时脱除。本发明解决的第一个问题是开发具备自主知识产权的高活性分子筛催化剂;本发明解决的第二个问题是提高催化剂的低温活性和扩宽催化剂的操作温度窗口,在150-390℃高效率脱除NO,NO转化率最高可达95~96%;本发明解决的第三个问题是采用共浸渍法,制备过程简单易于控制,易于实现工业化生产且成本低。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO and its application. The catalyst has good catalytic activity for the selective reduction of NO by C3H6 present in the tail gas, and The pollutant C 3 H 6 is removed at the same time. The first problem solved by the invention is to develop a highly active molecular sieve catalyst with independent intellectual property rights; the second problem solved by the invention is to improve the low-temperature activity of the catalyst and widen the operating temperature window of the catalyst, and to achieve high efficiency at 150-390°C NO removal, the highest NO conversion rate can reach 95-96%. The third problem solved by the invention is to adopt the co-impregnation method, the preparation process is simple and easy to control, and the industrial production is easy to realize and the cost is low.
本发明一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂及其应用,所述催化剂的载体为具有MFI骨架类型的分子筛。The invention discloses a Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO and application thereof, wherein the carrier of the catalyst is a molecular sieve with MFI skeleton type.
进一步地,优选本发明所述催化剂载体为ZSM-5,即本发明一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂及其应用,所述的催化剂以ZSM-5分子筛为载体。Further, it is preferred that the catalyst carrier of the present invention is ZSM-5, that is, a Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO in the present invention and its application, and the catalyst is supported by ZSM-5 molecular sieve.
本发明所述的催化剂以金属氧化物为活性组分,所述金属氧化物为Ni、Fe、Ce、Mn和Zn中至少一种。The catalyst of the present invention uses metal oxides as active components, and the metal oxides are at least one of Ni, Fe, Ce, Mn and Zn.
进一步地,优选本发明所述催化剂的活性组分为Mn,即本发明一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂及其应用,所述的催化剂以Mn的金属氧化物为活性组分。Further, it is preferable that the active component of the catalyst of the present invention is Mn, that is, a Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO in the present invention and its application, and the catalyst uses the metal oxide of Mn as the active group point.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,以载体质量为100%,优选所述活性组分Mn的质量百分含量为5%~25%。Further, in order to achieve a better NO degradation effect, the mass percentage of the active component Mn is preferably 5% to 25% with the mass of the carrier as 100%.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述活性组分Mn的质量百分含量为15%-20%。Further, in order to achieve a better NO degradation effect, it is preferable that the mass percentage of the active component Mn is 15%-20%.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,更优选所述活性组分Mn的质量百分含量为20%。Further, in order to achieve a better NO degradation effect, it is more preferable that the mass percentage of the active component Mn is 20%.
本发明所述催化剂活性组分为Mn,并且所述催化剂还含有助剂,即本发明一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂及其应用,所述的催化剂助剂为La、Ce、Fe、Zr或Ni。The active component of the catalyst described in the present invention is Mn, and the catalyst also contains a promoter, that is, a Mn-La-Ce catalyst and application thereof for selective catalytic reduction of NO in the present invention, and the catalyst promoter is La, Ce, Fe, Zr or Ni.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述助剂为La、Ce或Ni。Further, in order to achieve a better effect of degrading NO, it is preferred that the auxiliary agent is La, Ce or Ni.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述助剂为La。Further, in order to achieve a better NO degradation effect, it is preferred that the additive is La.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,以载体质量为100%,优选所述助剂La的质量百分含量为0.5%~10%。Further, in order to achieve a better effect of degrading NO, the mass percentage of the additive La is preferably 0.5% to 10% with the mass of the carrier as 100%.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述助剂La的质量百分含量为3%-7%。Further, in order to achieve a better effect of degrading NO, it is preferable that the mass percentage of the additive La is 3%-7%.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述助剂La的质量百分含量为7%。Further, in order to achieve a better effect of degrading NO, it is preferable that the mass percentage of the additive La is 7%.
本发明所述催化剂活性组分为Mn,并且所述催化剂还含有第二种助剂,即一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂及其应用,所述的催化剂第二种助剂为Ce或Zr。The active component of the catalyst described in the present invention is Mn, and the catalyst also contains a second promoter, that is, a Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO and its application, and the second promoter of the catalyst is The agent is Ce or Zr.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述第二种助剂为Ce。Further, in order to achieve a better NO degradation effect, it is preferred that the second additive is Ce.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,以载体质量为100%,优选所述第二种助剂Ce的质量百分含量为0.5%~7%。Further, in order to achieve a better effect of degrading NO, the weight of the carrier is 100%, preferably the mass percentage of the second additive Ce is 0.5%-7%.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述第二种助剂Ce的质量百分含量为1%~5%。Further, in order to achieve a better NO degradation effect, preferably, the mass percentage of the second additive Ce is 1%-5%.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述第二种助剂Ce的质量百分含量为5%。Further, in order to achieve a better effect of degrading NO, it is preferable that the mass percentage of the second additive Ce is 5%.
本发明所述催化剂以ZSM-5分子筛为载体,金属元素MN为活性组分,过渡金属La和Ce为助剂,得到Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂,并将其用于SCR降解NO。The catalyst of the present invention uses ZSM-5 molecular sieve as a carrier, metal element MN as an active component, and transition metals La and Ce as auxiliary agents to obtain a Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst, and use it for SCR degradation NO.
本发明制备的Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂在原料气组分为400ppm C3H6、400ppmNO和4%O2的条件下,在200℃时NO转化率为96%,在250℃时NO转化率为95%,300℃时的NO转化率为85%。本发明催化剂的最优NO转化率为96%,起燃温度为150℃,操作温度窗口T50为150~390℃。与10%Mn/ZSM-5催化剂的催化活性(最优的350℃时NO转化率约63%)、起燃温度(225℃)和操作温度窗口T50(225-380℃)相比,本发明提供的用于SCR降解NO的Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂具有高的中低温催化活性、较低的起燃温度和较宽的操作温度窗口。The Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst prepared by the present invention has a NO conversion rate of 96% at 200°C under the condition that the feed gas components are 400ppm C 3 H 6 , 400ppm NO and 4% O 2 . The NO conversion rate at ℃ is 95%, and the NO conversion rate at 300 °C is 85%. The optimal NO conversion rate of the catalyst of the present invention is 96%, the light-off temperature is 150°C, and the operating temperature window T 50 is 150-390°C. Compared with the catalytic activity of the 10%Mn/ZSM-5 catalyst (the optimal NO conversion is about 63% at 350°C), the light-off temperature (225°C) and the operating temperature window T 50 (225-380°C), this The Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst used for SCR degradation of NO provided by the invention has high medium and low temperature catalytic activity, low light-off temperature and wide operating temperature window.
本发明一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂的制备方法:A kind of preparation method of the Mn-La-Ce catalyst of selective catalytic reduction NO of the present invention:
可以是催化剂常规的制备方法,如共浸渍法,将载体加入金属盐溶液中共浸渍,然后水浴蒸干,过夜干燥,进行焙烧得到所述催化剂。It can be a conventional catalyst preparation method, such as a co-impregnation method, in which the carrier is added to a metal salt solution for co-impregnation, then evaporated to dryness in a water bath, dried overnight, and roasted to obtain the catalyst.
本发明所述Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂制备方法,其具体步骤如下:Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst preparation method of the present invention, its specific steps are as follows:
(1)准备ZSM-5分子筛载体;(1) prepare ZSM-5 molecular sieve carrier;
(2)称取计量比的Mn(NO3)2·4H2O、La(NO3)4·6H2O、Ce(NO3)4·6H2O溶液共同浸渍于ZSM-5中,浸渍40min之后在75~85℃下水浴蒸干;(2) The weighed Mn(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O, La(NO 3 ) 4 ·6H 2 O, Ce(NO 3 ) 4 ·6H 2 O solutions were impregnated in ZSM-5 together, and After 40 minutes, evaporate to dryness in a water bath at 75-85°C;
(3)然后置于烘箱中在100~120℃下干燥12h;(3) Then place it in an oven and dry it at 100-120°C for 12 hours;
(4)将步骤(3)所得放入马弗炉中在500~550℃下高温焙烧5h;(4) putting the obtained product of step (3) into a muffle furnace and roasting at a high temperature of 500-550° C. for 5 hours;
(5)将步骤(4)所得自然冷却至室温即得用于选择催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂。(5) naturally cooling the obtained product in step (4) to room temperature to obtain the Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO.
(6)将步骤(5)所得催化剂压片破碎至20~40目。(6) Crushing the catalyst tablet obtained in step (5) to 20-40 meshes.
优选步骤(2)中Ce的掺杂量为1%~5%。Preferably, the doping amount of Ce in step (2) is 1%-5%.
优选步骤(3)中La的掺杂量为3%~7%。Preferably, the doping amount of La in step (3) is 3%-7%.
优选步骤(4)中Mn的掺杂量为15%~20%。Preferably, the doping amount of Mn in step (4) is 15%-20%.
本发明具有如下优点:The present invention has the following advantages:
1.Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂具有较优的催化活性和较宽的温度操作窗口。在200℃时NO转化率达95~96%,起燃温度为150℃,操作温度窗口T50(T50为NO转化率达到50%以上)为150~390℃。1. Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst has better catalytic activity and wider temperature operating window. At 200°C, the NO conversion rate reaches 95-96%, the light-off temperature is 150°C, and the operating temperature window T 50 (T 50 is when the NO conversion rate reaches over 50%) is 150-390°C.
2.采用共浸渍法制备Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂,该制备方法工艺简单,成本低,用于SCR反应催化活性高,同时可以对机动车尾气中的C3H6实现净化,制备条件易于控制,适合工业生产。2. Prepare Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst by co-impregnation method. This preparation method has simple process, low cost and high catalytic activity for SCR reaction. At the same time, it can purify C 3 H 6 in motor vehicle exhaust , the preparation conditions are easy to control and suitable for industrial production.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为实施例1和对比例1、例2、例3、例4所制备催化剂的催化活性测试图。Fig. 1 is the catalytic activity test figure of the catalyst prepared in embodiment 1 and comparative example 1, example 2, example 3, example 4.
图2为实施例1、例2、例3、例4、例5和例6所制备催化剂的催化活性测试图。Fig. 2 is the catalytic activity test diagram of the catalyst prepared in Example 1, Example 2, Example 3, Example 4, Example 5 and Example 6.
图3为实施例11、例17和对比例5、例6、例7所制备催化剂的催化活性测试图。Fig. 3 is the catalytic activity test chart of the catalyst prepared in Example 11, Example 17 and Comparative Example 5, Example 6, Example 7.
图4为实施例1、例7、例8、例9、例10、例11和例12所制备催化剂的催化活性测试图。Fig. 4 is the catalytic activity test chart of the catalyst prepared in Example 1, Example 7, Example 8, Example 9, Example 10, Example 11 and Example 12.
图5为实施例1、例13、例14、例15、例16、例17和例18所所制备催化剂的催化活性测试图。Fig. 5 is the catalytic activity test diagram of the catalyst prepared in Example 1, Example 13, Example 14, Example 15, Example 16, Example 17 and Example 18.
图6为实施例1、例17、例19、例20、例21、例22和例23所所制备催化剂的催化活性测试图。Fig. 6 is the catalytic activity test diagram of the catalyst prepared in Example 1, Example 17, Example 19, Example 20, Example 21, Example 22 and Example 23.
图7为实施例1、例17和例22所制备催化剂的XRD谱图。Fig. 7 is the XRD spectrogram of the catalyst prepared in Example 1, Example 17 and Example 22.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明解决的技术问题是提供一种在降解NO过程中,可以扩宽操作温度窗口,提高催化活性,降低生产成本,制备过程简单的催化剂。The technical problem solved by the invention is to provide a catalyst that can widen the operating temperature window, improve catalytic activity, reduce production cost and have a simple preparation process in the process of degrading NO.
本发明一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂及其应用,所述催化剂的载体为具有MFI骨架类型的分子筛。The invention discloses a Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO and application thereof, wherein the carrier of the catalyst is a molecular sieve with MFI skeleton type.
进一步地,优选本发明所述催化剂载体为ZSM-5,即本发明一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂及其应用,所述的催化剂以ZSM-5分子筛为载体。Further, it is preferred that the catalyst carrier of the present invention is ZSM-5, that is, a Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO in the present invention and its application, and the catalyst is supported by ZSM-5 molecular sieve.
本发明所述的催化剂以金属氧化物为活性组分,所述金属氧化物为Ni、Fe、Ce、Mn和Zn中至少一种。The catalyst of the present invention uses metal oxides as active components, and the metal oxides are at least one of Ni, Fe, Ce, Mn and Zn.
进一步地,优选本发明所述催化剂的活性组分为Mn,即本发明一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂及其应用,所述的催化剂以Mn的金属氧化物为活性组分。Further, it is preferable that the active component of the catalyst of the present invention is Mn, that is, a Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO in the present invention and its application, and the catalyst uses the metal oxide of Mn as the active group point.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,以载体质量为100%,优选所述活性组分Mn的质量百分含量为5%~25%。Further, in order to achieve a better NO degradation effect, the mass percentage of the active component Mn is preferably 5% to 25% with the mass of the carrier as 100%.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述活性组分Mn的质量百分含量为15%-20%。Further, in order to achieve a better NO degradation effect, it is preferable that the mass percentage of the active component Mn is 15%-20%.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,更优选所述活性组分Mn的质量百分含量为20%。Further, in order to achieve a better NO degradation effect, it is more preferable that the mass percentage of the active component Mn is 20%.
本发明所述催化剂活性组分为Mn,并且所述催化剂还含有助剂,即本发明一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂及其应用,所述的催化剂助剂为La、Ce、Fe、Zr或Ni。The active component of the catalyst described in the present invention is Mn, and the catalyst also contains a promoter, that is, a Mn-La-Ce catalyst and application thereof for selective catalytic reduction of NO in the present invention, and the catalyst promoter is La, Ce, Fe, Zr or Ni.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述助剂为La、Ce或Ni。Further, in order to achieve a better effect of degrading NO, it is preferred that the auxiliary agent is La, Ce or Ni.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述助剂为La。Further, in order to achieve a better NO degradation effect, it is preferred that the additive is La.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,以载体质量为100%,优选所述助剂La的质量百分含量为0.5%~10%。Further, in order to achieve a better effect of degrading NO, the mass percentage of the additive La is preferably 0.5% to 10% with the mass of the carrier as 100%.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述助剂La的质量百分含量为3%-7%。Further, in order to achieve a better effect of degrading NO, it is preferable that the mass percentage of the additive La is 3%-7%.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述助剂La的质量百分含量为7%。Further, in order to achieve a better effect of degrading NO, it is preferable that the mass percentage of the additive La is 7%.
本发明所述催化剂活性组分为Mn,并且所述催化剂还含有第二种助剂,即本发明一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂及其应用,所述的催化剂第二种助剂为Ce或Zr。The active component of the catalyst described in the present invention is Mn, and the catalyst also contains a second auxiliary agent, that is, a Mn-La-Ce catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO in the present invention and its application, and the catalyst second The auxiliary agent is Ce or Zr.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述第二种助剂为Ce。Further, in order to achieve a better NO degradation effect, it is preferred that the second additive is Ce.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,以载体质量为100%,优选所述第二种助剂Ce的质量百分含量为0.5%~7%。Further, in order to achieve a better effect of degrading NO, the weight of the carrier is 100%, preferably the mass percentage of the second additive Ce is 0.5%-7%.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述第二种助剂Ce的质量百分含量为1%~5%。Further, in order to achieve a better NO degradation effect, preferably, the mass percentage of the second additive Ce is 1%-5%.
进一步地,为了达到更好的降解NO效果,优选所述第二种助剂Ce的质量百分含量为5%。Further, in order to achieve a better effect of degrading NO, it is preferable that the mass percentage of the second additive Ce is 5%.
本发明所述催化剂以ZSM-5分子筛为载体,金属元素Mn为活性组分,过渡金属La和Ce为助剂,得到Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂,并将其用于SCR降解NO。The catalyst of the present invention uses ZSM-5 molecular sieve as a carrier, the metal element Mn as an active component, and transition metals La and Ce as auxiliary agents to obtain a Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst, and use it for SCR degradation NO.
本发明制备的Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂在原料气组分为400ppm C3H6、400ppmNO和4%O2的条件下,在200℃时NO转化率为96%,在250℃时NO转化率为95%,300℃时的NO转化率为85%。本发明催化剂的最优NO转化率为96%,起燃温度为150℃,操作温度窗口T50为150~390℃。与10%Mn/ZSM-5催化剂的催化活性(最优的350℃时NO转化率约63%)、起燃温度(225℃)和操作温度窗口T50(225-380℃)相比,本发明提供的用于SCR降解NO的Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂具有高的中低温催化活性、较低的起燃温度和较宽的操作温度窗口。The Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst prepared by the present invention has a NO conversion rate of 96% at 200°C under the condition that the feed gas components are 400ppm C 3 H 6 , 400ppm NO and 4% O 2 . The NO conversion rate at ℃ is 95%, and the NO conversion rate at 300 °C is 85%. The optimal NO conversion rate of the catalyst of the present invention is 96%, the light-off temperature is 150°C, and the operating temperature window T 50 is 150-390°C. Compared with the catalytic activity of the 10%Mn/ZSM-5 catalyst (the optimal NO conversion is about 63% at 350°C), the light-off temperature (225°C) and the operating temperature window T 50 (225-380°C), this The Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst used for SCR degradation of NO provided by the invention has high medium and low temperature catalytic activity, low light-off temperature and wide operating temperature window.
本发明一种选择性催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce催化剂的制备方法:A kind of preparation method of the Mn-La-Ce catalyst of selective catalytic reduction NO of the present invention:
可以是催化剂常规的制备方法,如共浸渍法,将载体加入金属盐溶液中共浸渍,然后水浴蒸干,过夜干燥,进行焙烧得到所述催化剂。It can be a conventional catalyst preparation method, such as a co-impregnation method, in which the carrier is added to a metal salt solution for co-impregnation, then evaporated to dryness in a water bath, dried overnight, and roasted to obtain the catalyst.
本发明所述Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂制备方法,其具体步骤如下:Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst preparation method of the present invention, its specific steps are as follows:
(1)准备ZSM-5分子筛载体(1) Prepare ZSM-5 molecular sieve carrier
(2)称取计量比的Mn(NO3)2·4H2O、La(NO3)4·6H2O、Ce(NO3)4·6H2O溶液共同浸渍于ZSM-5中,浸渍40min之后在75~85℃下水浴蒸干;(2) The weighed Mn(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O, La(NO 3 ) 4 ·6H 2 O, Ce(NO 3 ) 4 ·6H 2 O solutions were impregnated in ZSM-5 together, and After 40 minutes, evaporate to dryness in a water bath at 75-85°C;
(3)然后置于烘箱中在100~120℃下干燥12h;(3) Then place it in an oven and dry it at 100-120°C for 12 hours;
(4)将步骤(3)所得放入马弗炉中在500~550℃下高温焙烧5h;(4) putting the obtained product of step (3) into a muffle furnace and roasting at a high temperature of 500-550° C. for 5 hours;
(5)将步骤(4)所得自然冷却至室温即得用于选择催化还原NO的Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5分子筛催化剂。(5) naturally cooling the obtained product in step (4) to room temperature to obtain the Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 molecular sieve catalyst for selective catalytic reduction of NO.
(6)将步骤(5)所得催化剂压片破碎至20~40目。(6) Crushing the catalyst tablet obtained in step (5) to 20-40 meshes.
优选步骤(2)中Ce的掺杂量为1%~5%。Preferably, the doping amount of Ce in step (2) is 1%-5%.
优选步骤(3)中La的掺杂量为3%~7%。Preferably, the doping amount of La in step (3) is 3%-7%.
优选步骤(4)中Mn的掺杂量为15%~20%。Preferably, the doping amount of Mn in step (4) is 15%-20%.
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步的描述,并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围中。The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples, and the present invention is not limited to the scope of the examples.
实施例1 20%Mn/ZSM-5催化剂的合成The synthesis of embodiment 1 20%Mn/ZSM-5 catalyst
称取1.8276g的Mn(NO3)2·4H2O与30ml去离子水中,混合搅拌至溶解;加入2gZSM-5分子筛浸渍40min;然后在75~85℃下水浴搅拌至水分蒸发完全;接着将制得的粉末置于100~120℃干燥箱中干燥12h,在500~550℃焙烧5h;将焙烧后的粉体用压片机在10Mpa的压力下压片破碎至20-40目,即得到了10%Mn/ZSM-5催化剂。Weigh 1.8276g of Mn(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O and 30ml of deionized water, mix and stir until dissolved; add 2g of ZSM-5 molecular sieve and impregnate for 40min; then stir in a water bath at 75-85°C until the water evaporates completely; then The prepared powder is dried in a drying oven at 100-120°C for 12 hours, and calcined at 500-550°C for 5 hours; the calcined powder is crushed to 20-40 mesh with a tablet machine under a pressure of 10Mpa to obtain 10% Mn/ZSM-5 catalyst was used.
催化剂的评价Catalyst evaluation
催化剂的活性评价在自制连续流动固定床反应器内进行。反应管为一内径6mm、长33cm的石英管,反应温度由置于反应管中间的热电偶测得,并使用程序升温控制仪控制反应温度。气体流量由质量流量计控制,反应原料气:400ppm C3H6、400ppm NO、4%O2和平衡气Ar,实验中,催化剂用量0.2g,反应温度150℃~500℃,每隔50℃取样。以烟气分析仪(MRU,VARIO PLUS)进行检测,用以计算NO和C3H6的转化率。催化剂在不同温度点对NO和C3H6的转化曲线图如图1、2、4、5、6所示,在350℃时NO转化率为63%,起燃温度为225℃,操作温度窗口T50为225-380℃,见表1。The activity evaluation of the catalyst was carried out in a self-made continuous flow fixed-bed reactor. The reaction tube is a quartz tube with an inner diameter of 6 mm and a length of 33 cm. The reaction temperature is measured by a thermocouple placed in the middle of the reaction tube, and the reaction temperature is controlled by a temperature programming controller. The gas flow rate is controlled by a mass flow meter. The reaction raw material gas: 400ppm C 3 H 6 , 400ppm NO, 4% O 2 and balance gas Ar. In the experiment, the amount of catalyst is 0.2g, the reaction temperature is 150℃~500℃, every 50℃ sampling. The flue gas analyzer (MRU, VARIO PLUS) was used for detection to calculate the conversion rate of NO and C 3 H 6 . The conversion curves of catalysts to NO and C 3 H 6 at different temperature points are shown in Figures 1, 2, 4, 5, and 6. At 350°C, the conversion rate of NO is 63%, the light-off temperature is 225°C, and the operating temperature The window T 50 is 225-380°C, see Table 1.
实施例2-6Example 2-6
与实施例1相比,仅催化剂活性组分Mn含量不同,其他过程与实施例1相同,制得不同Mn含量的Mn/ZSM-5催化剂。Compared with Example 1, only the Mn content of the catalyst active component is different, and the other processes are the same as Example 1 to prepare Mn/ZSM-5 catalysts with different Mn content.
催化剂的评价Catalyst evaluation
按实施案例1的评价方法,催化剂在不同温度点对NO和C3H6的转化曲线图如图2所示。其最佳活性温度的转化率和操作窗口温度见表1。According to the evaluation method of Example 1, the conversion curves of the catalyst to NO and C 3 H 6 at different temperature points are shown in Fig. 2 . The conversion rate and operating window temperature of the optimum activation temperature are shown in Table 1.
实施例7-12Example 7-12
与实施例1不同的是添加了助剂Ce,且助剂Ce的含量不同,其他过程与实施例1相同,具体如下:称取1.8276g的Mn(NO3)2·4H2O和0.436g的La(NO3)4·6H2O,混合搅拌至溶解;加入2gZSM-5分子筛浸渍40min;然后在75~85℃下水浴搅拌至水分蒸发完全;接着将制得的粉末置于100~120℃干燥箱中干燥12h,在500~550℃焙烧5h;将焙烧后的粉体用压片机在10Mpa的压力下压片破碎至20-40目,即得到了10%Mn-7%La/ZSM-5催化剂。The difference from Example 1 is that the auxiliary agent Ce is added, and the content of the auxiliary agent Ce is different. The other processes are the same as in Example 1, specifically as follows: Weigh 1.8276g of Mn(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O and 0.436g La(NO 3 ) 4 ·6H 2 O, mixed and stirred until dissolved; added 2g ZSM-5 molecular sieve and impregnated for 40min; then stirred in a water bath at 75-85°C until the water evaporated completely; ℃ in a drying oven for 12 hours, and then roasted at 500-550℃ for 5 hours; the calcined powder was crushed to 20-40 mesh with a tablet machine under a pressure of 10Mpa, and 10%Mn-7%La/ ZSM-5 catalyst.
催化剂的评价Catalyst evaluation
按实施案例1的评价方法,催化剂在不同温度点对NO和C3H6的转化曲线图如图4所示。其最佳活性温度的转化率和操作窗口温度见表1。According to the evaluation method of Example 1, the conversion curves of the catalyst to NO and C 3 H 6 at different temperature points are shown in Fig. 4 . The conversion rate and operating window temperature of the optimum activation temperature are shown in Table 1.
实施例13-18Examples 13-18
与实施例1不同的是添加了助剂La,且助剂La的含量不同,其他过程与实施例1相同,具体如下:称取1.8276g的Mn(NO3)2·4H2O和0.031g-0.623g的La(NO3)4·6H2O,混合搅拌至溶解;加入2gZSM-5分子筛浸渍40min;然后在75~85℃下水浴搅拌至水分蒸发完全;接着将制得的粉末置于100~120℃干燥箱中干燥12h,在500~550℃焙烧5h;将焙烧后的粉体用压片机在10Mpa的压力下压片破碎至20-40目,即制得不同La含量的Mn-La/ZSM-5催化剂。The difference from Example 1 is that the auxiliary agent La is added, and the content of the auxiliary agent La is different. Other processes are the same as in Example 1, specifically as follows: Weigh 1.8276g of Mn(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O and 0.031g -0.623g of La(NO 3 ) 4 6H 2 O, mixed and stirred until dissolved; added 2g of ZSM-5 molecular sieves for immersion for 40min; then stirred in a water bath at 75-85°C until the water evaporated completely; then the prepared powder was placed in Dry in a drying oven at 100-120°C for 12 hours, and roast at 500-550°C for 5 hours; use a tablet machine to crush the calcined powder to 20-40 mesh under a pressure of 10Mpa, and then obtain Mn with different La contents. - La/ZSM-5 catalyst.
催化剂的评价Catalyst evaluation
按实施案例1的评价方法,催化剂在不同温度点对NO和C3H6的转化曲线图如图5所示。其最佳活性温度的转化率和操作窗口温度见表1。According to the evaluation method of Example 1, the conversion curves of the catalyst to NO and C 3 H 6 at different temperature points are shown in Fig. 5 . The conversion rate and operating window temperature of the optimum activation temperature are shown in Table 1.
实施例19-23Examples 19-23
与实施例17不同的是添加了助剂Ce,Ce的含量不同,其他过程与实施例1相同,具体如下:称取1.8276g的Mn(NO3)2·4H2O、0.436g的La(NO3)4·6H2O和0.031-0.0434g的Ce(NO3)4·6H2O,混合搅拌至溶解;加入2gZSM-5分子筛浸渍40min;然后在75~85℃下水浴搅拌至水分蒸发完全;接着将制得的粉末置于100~120℃干燥箱中干燥12h,在500~550℃焙烧5h;将焙烧后的粉体用压片机在10Mpa的压力下压片破碎至20-40目,即得到了不同Ce助剂含量的Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5催化剂。The difference from Example 17 is that the additive Ce is added, and the content of Ce is different. Other processes are the same as in Example 1, specifically as follows: Weigh 1.8276g of Mn(NO 3 ) 2 ·4H 2 O, 0.436g of La( NO 3 ) 4 ·6H 2 O and 0.031-0.0434g Ce(NO 3 ) 4 ·6H 2 O, mix and stir until dissolved; add 2g of ZSM-5 molecular sieve for 40min; then stir in a water bath at 75-85°C until the water evaporates complete; then place the prepared powder in a drying oven at 100-120°C for 12 hours, and then bake it at 500-550°C for 5 hours; use a tablet machine to crush the calcined powder under a pressure of 10Mpa to 20-40 The aim is to obtain Mn-La-Ce/ZSM-5 catalysts with different Ce promoter content.
催化剂的评价Catalyst evaluation
按实施案例1的评价方法,催化剂在不同温度点对NO和C3H6的转化曲线图如图6所示。其最佳活性温度的转化率和操作窗口温度见表1。According to the evaluation method of Example 1, the conversion curves of the catalyst to NO and C 3 H 6 at different temperature points are shown in Fig. 6 . The conversion rate and operating window temperature of the optimum activation temperature are shown in Table 1.
对比例1-4Comparative example 1-4
与实施例1相比,催化剂活性组分不同,且含量也不同,分别为Ce、Zn、Fe、Ni,其他过程与实施例1相同,制得不同活性组分含量的Ce/ZSM-5、Zn/ZSM-5、Fe/ZSM-5、Ni/ZSM-5催化剂。Compared with Example 1, the catalyst active components are different, and the content is also different, respectively Ce, Zn, Fe, Ni, other processes are the same as in Example 1, and Ce/ZSM-5, Zn/ZSM-5, Fe/ZSM-5, Ni/ZSM-5 catalysts.
催化剂的评价Catalyst evaluation
按实施案例1的评价方法,催化剂在不同温度点对NO和C3H6的转化曲线图如图1所示。其最佳活性温度的转化率和操作窗口温度见表1。According to the evaluation method of Example 1, the conversion curves of the catalyst to NO and C 3 H 6 at different temperature points are shown in Fig. 1 . The conversion rate and operating window temperature of the optimum activation temperature are shown in Table 1.
对比例5-7Comparative example 5-7
与实施例1不同的是添加了助剂Ni、Fe、Zr,且助剂Ni、Fe、Zr的含量不同,其他过程与实施例1相同,制得不同助剂含量的Mn-Ni/ZSM-5、Mn-Fe/ZSM-5、Mn-Zr/ZSM-5催化剂。The difference from Example 1 is that the additives Ni, Fe, Zr are added, and the contents of the additives Ni, Fe, Zr are different. The other processes are the same as in Example 1, and Mn-Ni/ZSM- 5. Mn-Fe/ZSM-5, Mn-Zr/ZSM-5 catalysts.
催化剂的评价Catalyst evaluation
按实施案例1的评价方法,催化剂在不同温度点对NO和C3H6的转化曲线图如图3所示。其最佳活性温度的转化率和操作窗口温度见表1。According to the evaluation method of Example 1, the conversion curves of the catalyst to NO and C 3 H 6 at different temperature points are shown in Fig. 3 . The conversion rate and operating window temperature of the optimum activation temperature are shown in Table 1.
活性评价结果:Activity evaluation results:
具体活性评价结果如表1所示:The specific activity evaluation results are shown in Table 1:
XRD表征XRD characterization
图7中发现,负载金属的分子筛催化剂都具备ZSM-5分子筛典型的特征衍射峰,依旧保留着MFI结构。这说明负载了Mn、La、Ce等金属之后,催化剂在制备过程中的结构没有受到破坏。但是在图上并未观察到金属或者金属氧化物的特征衍射峰,这可能是由于Mn、La、Ce三种金属在催化剂上的金属氧化物呈无定型形态的原因。随着活性组分、助剂负载之后的催化剂的特征衍射峰呈逐渐降低的趋势,这主要是因为催化剂负载金属之后,ZSM-5分子筛晶体的部分晶面受到破坏,相对结晶度有所降低,从而导致晶面对应的衍射峰强度降低。It is found in Figure 7 that the metal-loaded molecular sieve catalysts all have the typical characteristic diffraction peaks of ZSM-5 molecular sieves, and still retain the MFI structure. This shows that after loading Mn, La, Ce and other metals, the structure of the catalyst is not damaged during the preparation process. However, no characteristic diffraction peaks of metals or metal oxides are observed in the figure, which may be due to the fact that the metal oxides of Mn, La, and Ce on the catalyst are in an amorphous form. The characteristic diffraction peaks of the catalyst after the loading of active components and additives tend to decrease gradually. This is mainly because after the metal is loaded on the catalyst, some crystal planes of ZSM-5 molecular sieve crystals are destroyed, and the relative crystallinity decreases. As a result, the intensity of the diffraction peak corresponding to the crystal plane decreases.
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CN109806880A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-05-28 | 重庆理工大学 | V-Ce-Ni catalyst for SCR (selective catalytic reduction) degradation of NO and application thereof |
CN111921556A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-13 | 大连海事大学 | Composite molecular sieve catalyst for NO decomposition and denitration, and preparation method and application thereof |
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CN115845911A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-03-28 | 重庆理工大学 | Mn-based low-temperature C 3 H 6 Preparation method and application of SCR catalyst |
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CN109806880A (en) * | 2019-01-23 | 2019-05-28 | 重庆理工大学 | V-Ce-Ni catalyst for SCR (selective catalytic reduction) degradation of NO and application thereof |
CN111921556A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-11-13 | 大连海事大学 | Composite molecular sieve catalyst for NO decomposition and denitration, and preparation method and application thereof |
CN111921556B (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2023-08-22 | 大连海事大学 | A composite molecular sieve catalyst for decomposing and denitrifying NO, its preparation method and application |
CN112403509A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-02-26 | 四川润和催化新材料股份有限公司 | Denitration auxiliary agent with propylene yield increasing effect and preparation method thereof |
CN115845911A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2023-03-28 | 重庆理工大学 | Mn-based low-temperature C 3 H 6 Preparation method and application of SCR catalyst |
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