CN108429483B - A Frictional Nanogenerator with Helically Folded Elastic Structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the fields of electrostatic friction and energy conversion, in particular to a friction nanogenerator with a helically folded elastic structure. The generator adopts a helically folded elastic structure, which can realize synchronous contact and separation of the friction layers of each power generation unit, and can make the double-sided contact of the first friction layer, so that twice the amount of charge can be transferred per unit time, mainly It is used to solve the technical problems of low output power and unstable output performance during vibration or reciprocating motion.

Description

A Frictional Nanogenerator with Helically Folded Elastic Structure

technical field

The invention relates to the field of electrostatic friction and energy conversion, in particular to a friction nanogenerator with a helically folded elastic structure.

Background technique

The energy problem is one of the major issues affecting human progress and sustainable development. Various researches around new energy development and renewable energy reuse are being carried out in full swing around the world; the friction of a spiral folded elastic structure involved in the present invention The nanogenerator just takes over the above concepts; the electrostatic triboelectric generator based on the triboelectric effect and the principle of electrostatic induction has achieved a lot of research results through the continuous efforts of many scientific teams such as Wang Zhonglin's team. Through periodic vertical contact-separation, in-plane sliding, Electrostatic friction generators with rotation or piezoelectric effects have been successfully used to collect mechanical energy; Chinese patent application No. 201310021766.3 discloses a foldable micro-vibration generator and its manufacturing method, through which two friction units Contact-separation, generating charges, but the two friction units of this form of friction generator cannot automatically separate and return to the original state after contact, and the charge density is small, and the output power is low; the Chinese patent application with application number 201710010956.3 discloses a The frictional nanogenerator with elastic structure makes the two layers of the elastic substrate close to and separate from each other through the multi-layer folded structure of the serpentine shape, and generates an alternating current signal between the first layer and the second layer, and multiple power generation The electrical signals of the unit are rectified and combined in parallel to form a current output. The effect of the automatic separation of the triboelectric nanogenerator after approaching is not good, and the friction layer is in single-sided contact. The charge density per unit area is small, and the output current is low. Low; the Chinese patent application with the application number 201710484297.7 discloses a multi-layer flexible folding friction generator, but the friction layers are single-sided contact, the obtained charge density per unit area is small, and the output current is low; the present invention The helical folded elastic structure is adopted, so that the friction layer of each power generation unit can realize synchronous contact and separation, and the double-sided micro-nano-scale structure is used to make the friction layer contact on both sides, and the amount of charge transferred per unit time is doubled, thereby improving Current output; the friction nanogenerator with helical folded elastic structure and double-sided micro-nano scale structure in the present invention can be applied to vibration frequencies of wide band, so its application range is very wide.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a novel frictional nanogenerator based on a helically folded elastic structure. The generator adopts a helically folded elastic structure so that the friction layers of each power generating unit can realize synchronous contact and separation. In addition, double-sided contact of the first friction layer can be made to transfer twice the amount of charge per unit time, which is mainly used to solve the technical problems of low output power and unstable output performance during vibration or reciprocating motion.

The present invention provides a frictional nanogenerator with a helically folded elastic structure, which is characterized in that it includes an upper support plate, a lower support plate, a friction power generation unit between the upper support plate and the lower support plate, and a friction power generation unit connected to the upper support plate and the lower support plate. The elastic component of the lower support plate, the friction power generation unit is combined with the spiral base and the sandwich base through the method of spiral folding; the spiral base is used as the first friction unit, which is both the first electrode layer and the first friction layer, and the sandwich base As the second friction unit, the middle metal layer is used as the second electrode layer and the friction layers arranged on both sides of the metal layer are used as the second friction layer; the spiral base and the sandwich base are combined alternately by spiral folding, so that the first friction The unit is in face-to-face contact with the second friction unit, and the front and back of each friction unit are in contact with another friction unit. The upper support plate and the lower support plate are when the friction nanogenerator is subjected to external vibration or reciprocating motion. The force bearing surface, the elastic component provides the elastic force of auxiliary rebound to make the mechanical vibration or reciprocating motion continue, and the first friction unit and the second friction unit make mutual contact and separation movement under the action of external force.

Preferably, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are metal conductive layers with weak ability to bind electrons; the second friction layer is a non-metal insulating layer with strong ability to bind electrons.

Preferably, the material of both the first electrode layer and the spiral substrate of the first friction layer and the second electrode layer is a thin film of aluminum, copper or copper-aluminum alloy in any proportion, and the thickness is 50 μm-1mm; the second friction layer The material is polytetrafluoroethylene, and the thickness of the second friction layer is 50 μm-1mm.

Preferably, the support plate is an acrylic plate.

Preferably, the first friction unit and the second friction unit are arranged face to face through a helical folding structure, and have equal contact areas, and there is a difference in the triboelectric sequence between the first friction layer and the second friction layer, and the greater the difference, the better the effect.

A friction nanogenerator with a helically folded elastic structure of the present invention makes the first friction unit and the second friction unit continuously contact and separate under the action of external vibration or reciprocating motion and spring auxiliary force, so that the first friction unit with a large difference in friction characteristics The first layer and the second friction layer generate positive and negative static charges, and the static electricity is induced to form a potential difference between the corresponding electrodes of the friction layer, which is connected to an external load to generate current.

The output characteristics of the frictional nanogenerator with helically folded elastic structure of the present invention are jointly determined by factors such as the number of friction units, reciprocating motion or vibration frequency, the effective friction area of the friction layer, and the characteristics of two kinds of friction layer materials.

A friction nanogenerator with a helically folded elastic structure of the present invention has the advantages of large output current, high output voltage, simple structure principle, low manufacturing cost, wear resistance and durability, stable output performance, and the output current and voltage can be adjusted by adjusting the number of friction layers. The friction generator with this structure can effectively collect the energy generated by the vibration and reciprocating motion in the surrounding environment.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the beneficial effects of;

1. Through the design of spiral folded multi-layer contact in the structure of the two friction layers, it is ensured that each friction layer contacts and separates at the same time, and the output performance of each friction layer is synchronized and consistent, which greatly improves the friction power generation The stability of the output current and voltage of the machine, the design of the spiral folded elastic structure in a limited space

2. Under the action of the helical folded structure, the two sides of the first friction layer are in contact, and twice the amount of charge is transferred per unit time, so that the current per unit time increases. The triboelectric nanogenerator has the characteristics of simple and compact structure, convenient preparation method, high output power, etc., and has broad application prospects in the fields of vehicle sensor power supply, large-scale equipment health monitoring, and the like.

Description of drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent by the accompanying drawings. Like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the drawings. The drawings are not intentionally scaled according to the actual size, and the emphasis is on illustrating the gist of the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a frictional nanogenerator with a helically folded elastic structure of the present invention, wherein Fig. 1(a) is a schematic diagram of the overall structure, and Fig. 1(b) is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure with a hidden upper support plate.

Figure 2(a) is a schematic structural view of the sandwich base of the present invention; Figure 2(b) is a structural schematic view of the spiral base of the present invention.

Figure 3 (a)-(d) is a schematic diagram of the folding method of the spiral base and the sandwich base of the present invention; Figure 3 (e) and (f) are the three-dimensional structures stretched out after the spiral base and the sandwich base of the present invention are folded and combined schematic diagram.

Fig. 4 is a working principle diagram of a common vertical contact-separation friction nanogenerator. Among them, Figure 4(a) is the working principle diagram when in contact, and Figure 4(b) is the working principle diagram when separating.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the frictional nanogenerator with the helically folded elastic structure. Among them, Fig. 5(a) is the working principle diagram when in contact, and Fig. 5(b) is the working principle diagram when separating.

The following is the explanation and description of each code in the figure 1. Friction power generation unit, 2. Upper support plate, 3. Spring, 4. Lower support plate, 5. Sandwich base, 6. Spiral base, 7. Second friction layer, 8 , second electrode layer 9, sandwich folded substrate 10, spiral folded substrate

Detailed ways

The invention provides a frictional nanogenerator capable of simultaneously contacting and separating frictional units and obtaining a helically folded elastic structure with twice the charge density. The triboelectric nanogenerator includes a plurality of helically folded friction units, which can be contacted and separated synchronously through elastic components.

In order to facilitate the understanding of the technical solution of the present invention, the specific implementation method of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the triboelectric nanogenerator with helically folded elastic structure in this embodiment includes a friction power generation unit 1 , an upper support plate 2 , several springs 3 and a lower support plate 4 . The triboelectric generating unit is composed of a sandwich base 5 and a spiral base 6 alternately by spiral folding; the sandwich base 5 is made of a metal film as the second electrode layer 8, and multiple PTFE films on the front and back surfaces of the metal film are used as the second friction layer 7, as shown in Figure 2(a); wherein the spiral base 6 is made of a metal film as both an induction electrode layer and a friction layer, as shown in Figure 2(b); wherein the sandwich base 5 and the spiral base 6 are folded by spiral The method is combined alternately to obtain a sandwich folded base 9 and a spiral folded base 10 . The process is shown in Figure 3. Firstly, the ends of the two bases are aligned and cross-stacked together with the sandwich base 5 on top and the spiral base 6 on the bottom. At this time, they are pasted together with environmentally friendly resin glue (as shown in Figure 3a) , then fold the spiral base 6 to the left according to the dotted line (as shown in Figure 3b), then fold the sandwich base 5 downward according to the dotted line (as shown in Figure 3c), and so on, fold 5 and 6 crosses alternately, and on the last layer When the phases 5 and 6 are in contact, they are pasted together with environmentally friendly resin glue. Finally, as shown in Figure 3e, when they are stretched up and down, they form a spiral folded structure, as shown in Figure 3e and f, and the sandwich base 5 becomes a sandwich The base 9 is folded, and the helical base 6 becomes the helical folded base 10; this helical folding structure ensures that the bases in contact with either side of the two bases are the other base. The upper and lower sides of the spiral folded combination are pasted on the center of the upper and lower support plates with environmentally friendly resin glue, and a spring 3 is introduced. The two ends of the spring 3 are fixed on the upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 4. Under the action, the sandwich folded base and the helical folded base in the helical folded combination undergo synchronous contact and separation motions to generate tribostatic charges. The present invention adopts the helically folded elastic structure to make all the friction layers contact and separate synchronously, which increases the number of contact and separation of the friction layers; and allows the helically folded base to be used as both the friction layer and the induction electrode layer for double-sided contact, and the Twice the amount of charge is transferred, and the combination of these two characteristics greatly improves the output performance of the generator, and its stability is better than that of generators with similar structures.

In this embodiment, the induction electrodes are all made of metal materials, and the selected metal materials include copper, aluminum, or copper-aluminum alloys in any proportion of the two, and the upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 4 are both acrylic plate.

In this embodiment, the material of the second friction layer 7 is an insulating material such as polytetrafluoroethylene. The shape, material and size of the friction layer of the spirally folded friction nanogenerator can be adjusted, for example, the shape can be a plane rectangle, a plane square, etc.

The working principle of a frictional nanogenerator with a helically folded elastic structure described in this embodiment is: under any frequency of reciprocating external force or vibration environment, the front and back sides of the helically folded base are in contact with two sets of second friction layers 7 at the same time And separation, because each friction layer material will form a chemical bond on a certain part of the surface when it is in contact, and the charge will be transferred from one surface to the other to balance the electrochemical potential difference between the two. In the nanogenerator of the present invention, since the helically folded substrate is in contact with the second friction layer 7 on both sides, the surface of the helically folded substrate will transfer twice the amount of charge during contact, thereby improving the output performance. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, we can easily draw the friction nanogenerator of the present invention on the induction electrode by comparing the working principle diagrams of the ordinary vertical contact friction nanogenerator and the friction nanogenerator of the present invention when they are in contact and separated. twice as much charge is transferred.

Thus, it can be seen that the friction nanogenerator with helically folded elastic structure of the present invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacture, low cost, high output power and stable output performance. At the same time, the generator can adjust the number of friction layers through structural changes, thereby controlling its output performance; the generator can transfer twice the amount of charge per unit time through the double-sided contact of the friction layer, thereby obtaining higher Output. The frictional nanogenerator with the helically folded elastic structure and the double-sided micro-nano scale structure of the present invention can be applied to the vibration frequency of a wide band, so its application range is very wide.

The above embodiments have described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What are described in the above embodiments and description are only to illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the scope of the principle of the present invention, there will be various changes and improvements in the present invention, and these changes and improvements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The friction nano generator with the spiral folding elastic structure is characterized by comprising an upper supporting plate, a lower supporting plate, a friction power generation unit and an elastic component, wherein the friction power generation unit is arranged between the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate, the elastic component is connected with the upper supporting plate and the lower supporting plate, and the friction power generation unit is formed by alternately combining a spiral substrate and a sandwich substrate through a spiral folding method; the sandwich substrate is used as a second friction unit, and the middle metal layer is used as a second electrode layer and the friction layers arranged at the two sides of the metal layer are used as second friction layers; combine spiral base and sandwich base alternate through spiral folding mode for first friction unit and second friction unit face-to-face contact, wherein every friction unit openly is another friction unit with the back contact, go up the stress surface when backup pad and bottom suspension fagging receive external vibration or inside reciprocating motion when rubbing nanometer generator during operation, the elasticity subassembly provides the elasticity of supplementary resilience and makes the mechanical vibration of external vibration or inside reciprocating motion go on constantly, and first friction unit and second friction unit do the separation motion of mutual contact under the exogenic action.

2. The helical folded spring structured triboelectric nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer are metal conductive layers with weak ability to bind electrons; the second friction layer is a non-metal insulating layer with strong electron-binding capability.

3. The friction nanogenerator with a spiral folding elastic structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spiral substrate and the second electrode layer which are both the first electrode layer and the first friction layer are made of films of aluminum, copper or copper-aluminum alloy in any proportion, and the thickness of the films is 50 μm-lmm; the second friction layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the thickness of the second friction layer is 50 mu m-lmm.

4. The helical folded spring structured triboelectric nanogenerator of claim 1, wherein the support plate is an acrylic plate.

5. The spiral-folded elastic structure friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, wherein the first friction unit and the second friction unit are arranged face to face through the spiral-folded structure, the contact areas are equal, the friction electrode sequences of the first friction layer and the second friction layer are different, and the larger the difference is, the better the effect is.

6. The spiral-folded elastic structure friction nanogenerator according to claim 1, wherein the spiral-folded elastic structure friction nanogenerator continuously contacts and separates the first friction unit and the second friction unit under the action of external vibration or internal reciprocating motion and spring assistance force, so that the first friction layer and the second friction layer with larger friction characteristic difference generate positive and negative static charges, and the static charges are induced to form a potential difference between the corresponding electrodes of the friction layers, and are connected with an external load to generate current.

7. The friction nanogenerator with a spiral-folded elastic structure according to claim 1, wherein the spiral substrate and the sandwich substrate are alternately combined together by a spiral folding method by the following steps: firstly, aligning and crosswise overlapping one end of a sandwich substrate and one end of a spiral substrate, wherein the sandwich substrate is arranged on the upper side, the spiral substrate is arranged on the lower side, the sandwich substrate and the spiral substrate are adhered together by environment-friendly resin glue, then the spiral substrate is folded towards the left side according to a dotted line, then the sandwich substrate is folded downwards according to the dotted line, the sandwich substrate and the spiral substrate are alternately folded in a crosswise way by parity of analogy, the sandwich substrate and the spiral substrate are adhered together by environment-friendly resin glue when the last layer of sandwich substrate is contacted with the spiral substrate, the sandwich substrate is of a spiral folding structure when extending upwards and downwards, and the sandwich substrate is changed into a sandwich folding substrate, and the; the substrate contacted with both sides of any one surface of the two substrates is ensured to be the other substrate.