CN108423798B - Treatment method and treatment device for domestic wastewater based on GY-2 type water treatment filler - Google Patents
Treatment method and treatment device for domestic wastewater based on GY-2 type water treatment filler Download PDFInfo
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- CN108423798B CN108423798B CN201810200593.4A CN201810200593A CN108423798B CN 108423798 B CN108423798 B CN 108423798B CN 201810200593 A CN201810200593 A CN 201810200593A CN 108423798 B CN108423798 B CN 108423798B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 101
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000010840 domestic wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005399 mechanical ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 6
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
the invention discloses a method for treating domestic wastewater based on GY-2 type water treatment filler, which comprises the following steps: filling GY-2 type water treatment filler in a reactor to form a filter bed; distributing domestic wastewater above the filter bed to enable the wastewater to pass through the filter bed; the GY-2 type water treatment filler comprises a main material and an auxiliary material; the main material is obtained by decomposing a fermentation product of waste organic matters and a carbon-containing raw material in an anaerobic environment; the auxiliary material is prepared by fermenting agricultural and forestry waste; the mass ratio of the main material to the auxiliary material is 30-40: 100. The method can efficiently treat the organic wastewater, thereby realizing the targeted treatment of different wastewater, and having the advantages of difficult blockage, long service cycle, low cost and the like. The invention also provides a device for treating the organic wastewater, which comprises a reactor, a water distribution pipe, a mechanical ventilation pipe and a filter bed, and has high treatment efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of domestic wastewater treatment, in particular to a method and a device for treating rural domestic wastewater based on GY-2 type water treatment filler.
Background
Rural domestic sewage has: wide area, dispersion, many sources, fast growth, difficult collection, low treatment rate and the like. The major processing technologies today fall into two categories, natural processing systems and biological processing systems. The natural treatment system mainly utilizes the self-purification capability of the nature to treat domestic sewage, such as artificial wetland technology, soil infiltration purification, oxidation ponds and the like. The biological treatment system mainly utilizes anaerobic or aerobic microorganisms to digest and decompose organic matters and other pollutants in water, and mainly comprises an AO process, an SBR process, an MBR process, a biological trickling filtration process, an activated sludge process and the like. The methods either have incomplete treatment and are difficult to reach the emission standard; or the operation is complex, and professional personnel are needed to maintain and operate; or the operation cost is high, and the method is not suitable for treating rural domestic sewage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the related art, the invention provides a method for treating domestic wastewater based on GY-2 type water treatment filler, which can efficiently treat the domestic wastewater so as to realize targeted treatment of different kinds of wastewater and has the advantages of difficult blockage, long service cycle, low cost and the like. The invention also provides a treatment device for the domestic wastewater, and the treatment efficiency is high.
in order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for treating domestic wastewater based on GY-2 type water treatment filler, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Filling GY-2 type water treatment filler in a reactor to form a filter bed;
(2) Distributing domestic wastewater above the filter bed to enable the wastewater to pass through the filter bed; finishing the treatment of the domestic wastewater;
the GY-2 type water treatment filler comprises a main material and an auxiliary material; the main body material is obtained by decomposing a fermentation product of waste organic matters and a carbon-containing raw material in an anaerobic environment; the auxiliary material is prepared by fermenting agricultural and forestry wastes; the mass ratio of the main material to the auxiliary material is 30-40: 100.
In the above method, preferably, the host material is prepared by the following method:
S1-1, carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the waste organic matters to obtain fermentation products;
S1-2, mixing a carbon-containing raw material with the fermentation product to obtain a mixture with an organic matter content of 7% -15%;
s1-3, carrying out anaerobic digestion on the mixture in a constant temperature environment.
In the above method, preferably, in the step S1-1, in the anaerobic fermentation process, the water content is 45% to 60%, the compost height is 1 to 3 meters, and the anaerobic fermentation time is 10 to 20 days.
In the above method, preferably, in the step S1-3, the specific process of anaerobic digestion is as follows: decomposing the mixture at constant temperature for 50-100 days in an anaerobic environment, wherein the pile height is 3-5 m, and the temperature is more than or equal to 28 ℃; in the constant-temperature decomposition process, the pile is turned once every 2-10 days, and the water content is kept at 50% -70%.
In the above method, preferably, the carbon-containing raw material is one or more of coal cinder, coal ash, organic soil and mineralized refuse; the waste organic matter is one or more of fallen leaves and dead branches.
In the method, the particle size of the carbon-containing raw material is preferably 0.42-30 mm, the organic matter content is less than 15%, and the specific gravity is preferably controlled to be 1.2-1.5 g/cm 3; the particle size of the waste organic matters is 1.4-4 mm.
In the above method, preferably, the auxiliary material is prepared by the following method:
S2-1, composting the agricultural and forestry waste to 50-70 ℃;
S2-2, continuously composting after turning the compost until the compost material is brown and the temperature is normal temperature, stopping fermentation to obtain compost products;
S2-3, cultivating the compost product in a cultivation bin.
In the above method, preferably, in the step S2-1, the water content of the compost is 30% to 35%, and the pile height is 1.5 to 3 m.
In the above method, preferably, in the step S2-3, the bacteria are cultured by intermittent water feeding and continuous aeration, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the bacteria culture bin is controlled to be 2-4 mg/L.
In the method, preferably, during the wastewater treatment process, a mechanical ventilation pipe is inserted into the domestic wastewater treatment filler for ventilation. Further, preferably, the mechanical ventilation pipe is ventilated by adopting an intermittent ventilation method, the ventilation process adopts intermittent ventilation treatment, ventilation is carried out for 1 hour every 4-6 hours, and the ventilation rate is 10: 1-20: 1.
the invention also provides a device for the method, which comprises a reactor, a water distribution pipe, a mechanical ventilation pipe and a filter bed; the water distribution pipe is arranged at the top of the reactor, the filter bed is arranged in the reactor, the upper end of the mechanical ventilation pipe is connected with the air blower, and the lower end of the mechanical ventilation pipe extends into the filter bed. The filter bed is filled with GY-2 type water treatment filler.
In the above device, preferably, the device further comprises a crushed stone layer and a water collecting pipe, the crushed stone layer is arranged at the bottom of the reactor, the water collecting pipe is arranged in the crushed stone layer, and the water collecting pipe is provided with a hole for collecting wastewater;
or, the device still includes rubble layer and screen cloth, the rubble layer set up in the reactor bottom, the screen cloth set up in the reactor delivery port, through rubble layer bottom sets up to 3 thousandths ~ 5 thousandths of the slope, makes rivers go out.
In the above apparatus, preferably, the apparatus further includes a natural draft tube, and the mechanical draft tube and the natural draft tube are vertically and indirectly distributed in the reactor; the upper end of the natural ventilation pipe is higher than the surface of the filter bed, and the lower end of the natural ventilation pipe passes through the filter bed and extends to the gravel layer.
In the above apparatus, preferably, the height of the filter bed is 1.5m to 2 m; the lower end of the mechanical ventilation pipe is 30-50 cm away from the crushed stone layer; the upper end of the natural ventilation pipe is 20 cm-30 cm higher than the surface of the filter bed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) According to the method for treating the domestic wastewater, disclosed by the invention, the raw materials of the GY-2 type water treatment filler are all from wastes, the material taking is convenient and simple, the aim of treating wastes with wastes can be realized, and the method is an environment-friendly product and is low in cost.
(2) the treatment method of domestic wastewater provided by the invention has the effect of efficiently removing pollutants such as COD (chemical oxygen demand), ammonia nitrogen and the like in high-concentration organic and ammonia nitrogen wastewater. Meanwhile, the filler is not easy to block, the service life is more than 1 year, the filler can be recycled through technical treatment after the service life is reached, but the period of the regeneration process is long (about 45 days).
(3) according to the domestic wastewater treatment method provided by the invention, the proportion of the main material and the auxiliary material is selected according to the water quality characteristics of actual wastewater, and the series of high-efficiency water treatment fillers are prepared, so that different wastewater targeted treatments are realized.
(4) The invention provides a device for treating domestic wastewater, which adopts an integrated design, is convenient to install and has short construction period; the method has good removal effect on various pollutants in the domestic sewage; the blockage is not easy to happen, and the service cycle is long; the use is convenient, and the device is particularly suitable for distributed and small-sized sewage treatment; ecological and beautiful.
Drawings
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for treating organic wastewater in example 2. In fig. 1, 1: reactor, 2: water distribution pipe, 3: mechanical ventilation pipe, 4: filter bed, 5: crushed stone layer, 6: water collecting pipe, 8: a natural ventilation pipe.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for treating organic wastewater in example 3. In fig. 2, 1: reactor, 2: water distribution pipe, 3: mechanical ventilation pipe, 4: filter bed, 5: crushed stone layer, 7: screen mesh, 8: a natural ventilation pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
The pollution problem of the wood cultivation wastewater used in the following examples has a very bad influence on the surrounding ecological environment.
Example 1
The GY-2 type water treating stuffing consists of main material and supplementary material.
The preparation method of the main body material comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps of airing and crushing waste organic matters such as chaff and branches to the particle size of 1.4-4 mm to obtain waste organic matter powder, wherein the water content of the waste organic matter powder is kept to be about 50%.
(2) Composting the waste organic matter powder with the pile height of 1.2m, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation for 15 days to obtain an anaerobic fermentation product.
(3) The carbon-containing raw materials such as coal cinder, coal ash, organic soil, mineralized refuse and the like are crushed to have the particle size of 0.42-30 mm, the organic matter content of the carbon-containing raw materials is lower than 15%, and the specific gravity is controlled to be 1.2-1.5 g/cm 3. And (3) uniformly doping the carbon-containing raw material into the anaerobic fermentation product treated in the step (2), so that the organic matter content in the main material is kept at about 10%, and thus obtaining a mixture.
(4) and (3) carrying out anaerobic constant-temperature decomposition on the mixture for 90 days at the temperature of not lower than 28 ℃, stacking for 3 meters, maintaining the water content at 50-70% after turning over the rake for 2-5 days in summer and once after turning over the rake for 5-10 days in winter, and thus obtaining the main material.
the preparation method of the auxiliary material comprises the following steps:
(1) Crushing and mixing the rice husks, the waste bamboo materials, the straws and other agricultural and forestry wastes, and building and composting, wherein the height of the pile is 1.8 m, the width of the pile is more than 2m, and the water content of the compost is 30-35%.
(2) And turning over once the temperature reaches 65 ℃ after the fermentation is started until the materials are black brown and the temperature is close to the normal temperature, and stopping the fermentation to obtain a compost product.
(3) Putting the compost product into a simulated bacteria culturing bin for culturing bacteria, adopting intermittent water feeding, continuing aeration, and controlling the dissolved oxygen concentration to be 4mg/L until a large number of living microorganisms are observed through a microscope.
The CODCr concentration in the domestic wastewater to be treated is 280 mg/L. According to the effluent quality index, determining the proportion of the main material and the auxiliary material by the following calculation formula;
In equation (1): p represents the ratio of the main material to the auxiliary material; c represents the CODCr concentration of inlet water, g/L; c represents the CODCr concentration of effluent water in g/L; n is the number of filter beds; θ is an empirical value, taken as 6.
In this example, the effluent COD is 36mg/L, the filter bed number is 1 grade, and the P value is 0.38, namely the ratio of the main material to the auxiliary material is 38: 100.
Example 2
A treatment device for organic wastewater, see figure 1, comprises a reactor 1, a water distributor 2, a plurality of mechanical ventilation pipes 3, a plurality of natural ventilation pipes 8, a filter bed 4 and a rubble layer 5.
the filter bed 4 is formed by filling GY-1 type water treatment filler in the reactor 1, the bottom of the filter bed 4 is provided with a gravel layer 5, and a plurality of natural ventilation pipes 8 and a plurality of mechanical ventilation pipes 3 are vertically inserted into the filter bed 4; the water distribution pipe 2 is arranged at the top of the reactor 1. Furthermore, the area and the thickness of the filter bed 4 are determined according to the daily water inflow, the area of the filter bed 4 is 8-10 times of the daily water inflow, the area of the filter bed 4 is 400-500 m2, and the thickness of the filter bed 4 is 1.5-2 m.
further, a water distribution pipe 2 is arranged at the top of the reactor 1, and wastewater is sprayed into the reactor 1 above the reactor 1 through the water distribution pipe 2. Preferably, the outlet of the water distribution pipe 2 adopts a spiral spray head or criss-cross small holes to ensure the uniformity of water distribution.
Furthermore, a plurality of mechanical ventilation pipes 3 and a plurality of natural ventilation pipes 8 are vertically and indirectly distributed in the reactor 1; the interval between the mechanical ventilation pipes 3 is 2m, the interval between the natural ventilation pipes 8 is 2m, and the interval between the mechanical ventilation pipes 3 and the natural ventilation pipes 8 is 1 m. Wherein, the upper end of the mechanical ventilation pipe 3 is connected with the blower, and the lower end extends into the filter bed 4; the lower end of the mechanical ventilation pipe 3 is 50cm away from the rubble layer 5, so that air can be conveniently supplied to the inside of the filter bed 4; when the lower end of the mechanical ventilation pipe 3 is too high away from the rubble layer 5, the gas distribution in the filter bed 4 is not uniform, and the lower layer is in an anaerobic state; the distance is too shallow, and the wastewater to be treated can directly enter the gravel layer 5 through the mechanical ventilation pipe 3. Further preferably, the mechanical ventilation pipe 3 is perforated at intervals of 50-60 cm for accelerating metabolism of microorganisms in the filter bed, and the organic wastewater treatment effect is improved.
further, the treatment device also comprises a water collecting pipe 6, the water collecting pipe 6 is arranged at the bottom of the gravel layer 5, holes for collecting wastewater are formed in the water collecting pipe 6, the interval between the transverse holes is 40 cm-80 cm, water treated by the filter bed 4 is collected in the water collecting pipe 6, and finally the water is discharged out of the filter bed 4 through a main pipe.
Furthermore, the upper end of the natural ventilation pipe 8 is 20-30 cm higher than the surface of the filter bed 4, and the lower end of the natural ventilation pipe passes through the filter bed 4 and extends to the gravel layer 5. The natural ventilation pipe 8 is used for reducing the negative pressure in the filter bed 4, keeping the water outlet smooth and discharging the biogas possibly generated by fermentation at the bottom.
Example 3
A treatment device for organic wastewater, see figure 2, comprises a reactor 1, a water distributor 2, a plurality of mechanical ventilation pipes 3, a plurality of natural ventilation pipes 8, a filter bed 4 and a gravel layer 5.
The filter bed 4 is formed by filling GY-1 type water treatment filler in the reactor 1, the bottom of the filter bed 4 is provided with a crushed stone layer 5, and a natural ventilation pipe 8 and a mechanical ventilation pipe 3 are vertically inserted into the filter bed 4; the water distribution pipe 2 is arranged at the top of the reactor 1. Furthermore, the area and the thickness of the filter bed 4 are determined according to the daily water inflow, the area of the filter bed 4 is 8-10 times of the daily water inflow, the area of the filter bed 4 is 400-500 m2, and the thickness of the filter bed 4 is 1.5-2 m.
further, a water distribution pipe 2 is arranged at the top of the reactor 1, and wastewater is sprayed into the reactor 1 above the reactor 1 through the water distribution pipe 2. Preferably, the outlet of the water distribution pipe 2 adopts a spiral spray head or criss-cross small holes to ensure the uniformity of water distribution.
furthermore, a plurality of mechanical ventilation pipes 3 and a plurality of natural ventilation pipes 8 are vertically and indirectly distributed in the reactor 1; the interval between the mechanical ventilation pipes 3 is 2m, the interval between the natural ventilation pipes 8 is 2m, and the interval between the mechanical ventilation pipes 3 and the natural ventilation pipes 8 is 1 m. Wherein, the upper end of the mechanical ventilation pipe 3 is connected with the blower, and the lower end extends into the filter bed 4; the lower end of the mechanical ventilation pipe 3 is 50cm away from the rubble layer 5, so that air can be conveniently supplied to the inside of the filter bed 4; when the lower end of the mechanical ventilation pipe 3 is too high away from the rubble layer 5, the gas distribution in the filter bed 4 is not uniform, and the lower layer is in an anaerobic state; the distance is too shallow, and the wastewater to be treated can directly enter the gravel layer 5 through the mechanical ventilation pipe 3. Further preferably, the mechanical ventilation pipe 3 is perforated at intervals of 50-60 cm for accelerating metabolism of microorganisms in the filter bed 4, and the organic wastewater treatment effect is improved.
Further, the treatment device also comprises a screen 7, the gravel layer 5 is arranged at the bottom of the reactor 1, and the slope of 3-5% is set at the bottom of the reactor 1, so that water in the gravel layer 5 flows out. The screen 7 is arranged at the water outlet of the reactor 1 to prevent the crushed stones and the like from flowing out.
Furthermore, the upper end of the natural ventilation pipe 8 is 20-30 cm higher than the surface of the filter bed 4, and the lower end of the natural ventilation pipe passes through the filter bed 4 and extends to the gravel layer 5. The natural ventilation pipe 8 is used for reducing the negative pressure in the filter bed 4, keeping the water outlet smooth and discharging the biogas possibly generated by fermentation at the bottom.
Example 4
An application of the domestic wastewater treatment device of example 2 in the treatment of domestic wastewater, the treatment scale is 5t/d, and the application method comprises the following steps:
(1) filling water treatment filler: GY-2 type water treatment packing is filled in a reactor to form a filter bed. The area of the microbial filter bed is 3-4 times of daily water inflow, and taking 5t/d water inflow as an example, the area of the filter bed is 15-20m2, and the height of the microbial filler is 1.5 m.
(2) Water body detection: after domestic sewage in a certain rural area in Shanghai county in Shangxi is treated by a septic tank, the chemical oxygen demand of the raw liquid of the wastewater is 285mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content is 38mg/L, the pH value is 7.68, and the suspended matters are 101mg/L at 9:00 am.
(3) water treatment: wastewater enters the water distribution pipe through the lift pump, flows into the filter bed from small holes uniformly distributed on the top of the reactor, reaches the water collection layer through the filler in the filter bed by utilizing the self gravity of the water, achieves the purpose of degrading organic pollutants in the wastewater through adsorption and biochemical action in the process of filling, and discharges the water reaching the water collection layer into the water collection tank through the collection pipeline. The treatment period is 6-8 hours. Intermittent ventilation treatment is adopted in the water treatment process, ventilation is carried out for 1 hour every 4-6 hours, and the ventilation rate is set according to the steam-water ratio, and is generally 10: 1. Wastewater enters the water distribution pipe 2 through a lift pump, flows into the filter bed 4 from small holes uniformly distributed on the top of the reactor 1, reaches the gravel layer 5 through the filler in the filter bed 4 by utilizing the self gravity of the water, achieves the purpose of degrading organic pollutants in the wastewater through the adsorption and the biochemical action in the process of treating the filler through GY-2 type water in the filter bed 4, and discharges the water reaching the gravel layer 5 to a clean water tank through the water collection pipe 6. The treatment period is 7 hours (the treatment period may be 6 to 8 hours). Intermittent ventilation treatment is adopted in the water treatment process, ventilation is carried out for 1 hour every 5 hours (4-6 hours), and the ventilation rate is set according to the steam-water ratio and is generally 10: 1.
Detecting the water quality condition of the clean water tank: the pH value of the water outlet is 7.46, the ammonia nitrogen content is 0.341mg/L, and the chemical oxygen demand is 32 mg/L; the suspension was 11 mg/L.
Meanwhile, after the organic wastewater is treated by the organic wastewater treatment device in the embodiment 2 for one year, the chemical oxygen demand, the ammonia nitrogen content and the total phosphorus content of the effluent can also meet the discharge requirement.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. a method for treating domestic wastewater based on GY-2 type water treatment filler, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Filling GY-2 type water treatment filler in a reactor to form a filter bed;
(2) Distributing domestic wastewater above the filter bed to enable the wastewater to pass through the filter bed; finishing the treatment of the domestic wastewater;
the GY-2 type water treatment filler comprises a main material and an auxiliary material; the main body material is obtained by decomposing a fermentation product of waste organic matters and a carbon-containing raw material in an anaerobic environment; the auxiliary material is prepared by fermenting agricultural and forestry wastes; the mass ratio of the main material to the auxiliary material is 30-40: 100;
The main material is prepared by the following method:
S1-1, carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the waste organic matters to obtain fermentation products; the waste organic matter is one or more of fallen leaves and dead branches;
S1-2, mixing a carbon-containing raw material with the fermentation product to obtain a mixture with an organic matter content of 7% -15%; the carbon-containing raw material is one or more of coal cinder, coal ash, organic soil and mineralized garbage;
S1-3, carrying out anaerobic digestion on the mixture under a constant temperature environment to obtain a main material;
The auxiliary material is prepared by adopting the following method:
s2-1, composting the agricultural and forestry waste to 50-70 ℃; the agricultural and forestry waste is one or more of rice husk, waste bamboo material and straw;
S2-2, continuously composting after turning the compost until the compost material is brown and the temperature is normal temperature, stopping fermentation to obtain compost products;
S2-3, cultivating the compost product in a cultivation bin.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1-1, the water content is 45% to 60%, the compost height is 1 to 3 m, and the anaerobic fermentation time is 10 to 20 days;
and/or in the step S1-3, the specific process of anaerobic decomposition is as follows: decomposing the mixture at constant temperature for 50-100 days in an anaerobic environment, wherein the pile height is 3-5 m, and the temperature is more than or equal to 28 ℃; in the constant-temperature decomposition process, the pile is turned once every 2-10 days, and the water content is kept at 50% -70%.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2-1, the water content of the compost is 30-35%, and the pile height is 1.5-3 m;
And/or in the step S2-3, the bacteria are cultured by adopting a method of intermittent water feeding and continuous aeration in the bacteria culture process, and the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the bacteria culture bin is controlled to be 2-4 mg/L.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a mechanical ventilation pipe is inserted into the domestic wastewater treatment filler for ventilation in the wastewater treatment process, and the ventilation process adopts intermittent ventilation treatment, wherein ventilation is performed at intervals of 4-6 hours for 1 hour, and the ventilation rate is 10: 1-20: 1.
5. a plant for the process according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising a reactor (1), water distributors (2), mechanical draft ducts (3), a filter bed (4); the water distribution pipe (2) is arranged at the top of the reactor (1), the filter bed (4) is arranged in the reactor (1), the upper end of the mechanical ventilation pipe (3) is connected with the air blower, and the lower end of the mechanical ventilation pipe extends into the filter bed (4);
the device also comprises a crushed stone layer (5) and a water collecting pipe (6), wherein the crushed stone layer (5) is arranged at the bottom of the reactor (1), the water collecting pipe (6) is arranged in the crushed stone layer (5), and a hole for collecting wastewater is arranged on the water collecting pipe (6);
Or, the device still includes metalling (5) and screen cloth (7), metalling (5) set up in reactor (1) bottom, the screen cloth set up in reactor (1) delivery port, through metalling (5) bottom sets up to 3 thousandths ~ 5 thousandths of the slope, makes water outflow.
6. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that it further comprises a natural draft tube (8), said mechanical draft tube (3) and natural draft tube (8) being distributed vertically and indirectly inside the reactor (1); the upper end of the natural ventilation pipe (8) is higher than the surface of the filter bed (4), and the lower end of the natural ventilation pipe passes through the filter bed (4) and extends to the gravel layer (5).
7. the device according to claim 6, characterized in that the height of the filter bed (4) is between 1.5m and 2 m; the lower end of the mechanical ventilation pipe (3) is 30-50 cm away from the gravel layer (5); the upper end of the natural ventilation pipe (8) is 20-30 cm higher than the surface of the filter bed (4).
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| DE102004036274B3 (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2005-12-01 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Recovering polymer filler particles from waste waxes comprises setting the particles with waste wax mixture; separating solid fraction containing particles; and dispersing solid fraction in aqueous solution followed by swim-sink separation |
| CN100443439C (en) * | 2006-12-28 | 2008-12-17 | 杨剑 | High-strength light ceramic filler |
| CN103073258B (en) * | 2013-02-05 | 2014-10-01 | 中国环境科学研究院 | A P1 type fly ash molecular sieve filler and its preparation method |
| CN103801256B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2016-01-20 | 北京仁创生态环保科技有限公司 | A kind of porous adsorbing medium for water treatment and preparation method thereof |
| CN104759153A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-07-08 | 蚌埠首创滤清器有限公司 | High-efficient composite filter material prepared by blending melt-blown polypropylene with modified quartz sand and used for sewage treatment and preparation method thereof |
| CN104828934A (en) * | 2015-05-19 | 2015-08-12 | 傅成义 | Efficient denitrification bio-aerating filter filler and preparation method thereof |
| CN105924220B (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2018-11-13 | 南京工业大学 | Process for preparing filler by doping composite stabilizer into chemical sludge incineration ash |
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