CN108422858A - A kind of electric hydaulic multi-power driven vehicle dynamical system - Google Patents
A kind of electric hydaulic multi-power driven vehicle dynamical system Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/356—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having fluid or electric motor, for driving one or more wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
- B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
- B60K17/354—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having separate mechanical assemblies for transmitting drive to the front or to the rear wheels or set of wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L7/00—Electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general
- B60L7/10—Dynamic electric regenerative braking
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种电动液压混合驱动车辆动力系统，包括电控单元、电机、电池组、第一液压蓄能器、变量液压马达、离合器、多组车轮、驱动桥；电池组与两个电机相连，两个电机的输出端分别与一组的两个车轮相连；第一液压蓄能器与变量液压马达的输油入口相连，第一液压蓄能器用于存储回收的制动能量，辅助驱动和制动；变量液压马达通过离合器与驱动桥连接以驱动另一组的两个车轮；电控单元分别与电机、第一液压蓄能器、变量液压马达、离合器相连，电控单元控制电机的运转工况及变量液压马达的排量、第一液压蓄能器的开关、离合器的闭合或开启；电池组对电机、电控单元进行供电；本发明具有无级变速和四轮驱动、节能、提高续航里程的优点。
The invention discloses an electro-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system, comprising an electronic control unit, a motor, a battery pack, a first hydraulic accumulator, a variable hydraulic motor, a clutch, multiple sets of wheels, and a drive axle; the battery pack and two motors The output ends of the two motors are respectively connected to a group of two wheels; the first hydraulic accumulator is connected to the oil input inlet of the variable hydraulic motor, and the first hydraulic accumulator is used to store the recovered braking energy to assist the drive and braking; the variable hydraulic motor is connected to the drive axle through the clutch to drive the other set of two wheels; the electronic control unit is connected to the motor, the first hydraulic accumulator, the variable hydraulic motor, and the clutch respectively, and the electronic control unit controls the motor Operating conditions and the displacement of the variable hydraulic motor, the switch of the first hydraulic accumulator, the closing or opening of the clutch; the battery pack supplies power to the motor and the electronic control unit; the invention has continuously variable speed and four-wheel drive, energy saving, The advantage of increasing the cruising range.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于车辆节能减排及车辆新能源技术领域，特别涉及一种电动液压混合驱动车辆动力系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle energy saving and emission reduction and vehicle new energy, and in particular relates to an electro-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system.
背景技术Background technique
能源与环境问题的日益尖锐，使得发展节能环保型车辆受到越来越多人重视。纯电动车辆作为新能源技术主要发展方向虽有能量密度高的优势，受电池技术限制，续航能力成为其发展的主要障碍。另外其功率密度较低，瞬时吸能或释能性能差，使得制动能量回收效果不理想。而短时间内频繁对电池组充放电，增加了对电机及电池组的负荷和冲击，影响元件的使用寿命及性能。同时在车辆负荷较大时如起步、急加速、爬坡等时，需要为电机提供大电流，此时电能消耗过快极大地影响了整车的续航能力。Energy and environmental issues are increasingly acute, making the development of energy-saving and environment-friendly vehicles more and more people's attention. As the main development direction of new energy technology, pure electric vehicles have the advantage of high energy density, but due to the limitation of battery technology, battery life has become the main obstacle to its development. In addition, its power density is low, and its instantaneous energy absorption or energy release performance is poor, which makes the braking energy recovery effect unsatisfactory. Frequent charging and discharging of the battery pack in a short period of time increases the load and impact on the motor and the battery pack, affecting the service life and performance of the components. At the same time, when the vehicle load is heavy, such as starting, rapid acceleration, climbing, etc., it is necessary to provide a large current for the motor. At this time, the power consumption is too fast, which greatly affects the battery life of the vehicle.
而液压传动具有功率密度大、方便实现无级调速等特点，尤其针对城市工况下车辆起、停频繁，会使其优势更明显。但是目前应用液压传动技术的大多为以发动机为主要动力源的混合动力技术，对发动机的优化有一定的局限。将纯电动技术与液压传动技术结合在一起会有更优的节能效果。The hydraulic transmission has the characteristics of high power density and convenient realization of stepless speed regulation, especially for frequent starting and stopping of vehicles under urban working conditions, which will make its advantages more obvious. However, most of the current hydraulic transmission technology is the hybrid technology with the engine as the main power source, which has certain limitations on the optimization of the engine. Combining pure electric technology with hydraulic transmission technology will have a better energy-saving effect.
在目前的国内外研究当中，大多研究是在原有纯电动机械传动基础上增加液压驱动部分和转速或转矩耦合器，针对恶劣路面，利用液压动力辅助驱动。这种方式虽能以较小成本提高车辆的性能，但存在结构复杂，整车质量增加，故障率高，传动效率不理想等缺点。而中国专利申请CN102029888A提出的一种机电液混合驱动车辆动力系统，虽然利用了液压传动技术，取消变速器，但小型内燃机的存在使整个系统结构非常复杂，成本升高，更使控制难度增大、传动效率低。中国专利申请CN105291861A提出的一种电液混合动力传动系统，由于有变速器及耦合机构的存在，仍存在结构复杂、质量大等缺点，不能充分发挥两种技术结合的优势。Among the current research at home and abroad, most of the research is to increase the hydraulic drive part and speed or torque coupler on the basis of the original pure electromechanical transmission, and use hydraulic power to assist the drive for harsh road surfaces. Although this method can improve the performance of the vehicle at a relatively small cost, it has disadvantages such as complex structure, increased vehicle mass, high failure rate, and unsatisfactory transmission efficiency. The Chinese patent application CN102029888A proposes an electromechanical-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system. Although the hydraulic transmission technology is used and the transmission is eliminated, the existence of the small internal combustion engine makes the entire system structure very complicated, the cost increases, and the control difficulty increases. The transmission efficiency is low. The electro-hydraulic hybrid power transmission system proposed by the Chinese patent application CN105291861A still has the disadvantages of complex structure and large mass due to the existence of a transmission and a coupling mechanism, and cannot fully utilize the advantages of the combination of the two technologies.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所解决的技术问题在于提供一种电动液压混合驱动车辆动力系统，以解决现有车辆动力系统结构复杂、控制难度大、质量大、传动效率低的问题。The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide an electro-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system to solve the problems of complex structure, difficult control, large mass and low transmission efficiency of the existing vehicle power system.
实现本发明目的的技术解决方案为：The technical solution that realizes the object of the present invention is:
一种电动液压混合驱动车辆动力系统，包括电控单元、电机、电池组、第一液压蓄能器、变量液压马达、离合器、多组车轮、驱动桥；An electro-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system, including an electronic control unit, a motor, a battery pack, a first hydraulic accumulator, a variable hydraulic motor, a clutch, multiple sets of wheels, and a drive axle;
所述电池组与两个电机相连，两个电机的动力输出端分别与一组的两个车轮相连；所述第一液压蓄能器与变量液压马达的输油入口相连，第一液压蓄能器用于存储回收的制动能量，辅助驱动和制动；变量液压马达动力输出端通过离合器与驱动桥连接；驱动桥驱动另一组的两个车轮；所述电控单元分别与电机、第一液压蓄能器、变量液压马达、离合器相连，电控单元控制电机的运转工况及变量液压马达的排量、第一液压蓄能器的开关、离合器的闭合或开启；所述电池组对电机、电控单元进行供电。The battery pack is connected to two motors, and the power output ends of the two motors are respectively connected to a group of two wheels; the first hydraulic accumulator is connected to the oil inlet of the variable hydraulic motor, and the first hydraulic energy storage The converter is used to store the recovered braking energy to assist driving and braking; the power output end of the variable hydraulic motor is connected to the driving axle through the clutch; the driving axle drives the other two wheels; the electronic control unit is connected with the motor, the first The hydraulic accumulator, the variable hydraulic motor, and the clutch are connected, and the electronic control unit controls the operating conditions of the motor and the displacement of the variable hydraulic motor, the switch of the first hydraulic accumulator, and the closing or opening of the clutch; , The electronic control unit supplies power.
本发明与现有技术相比，其显著优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant advantages:
(1)本发明取消了传统车辆的发动机、变速器、传动轴等传动机构，由电机直接驱动车轮，实现纯电动驱动。实现有害气体零排放，减少对环境的污染。(1) The present invention cancels the transmission mechanisms such as the engine, the speed changer, the transmission shaft of the traditional vehicle, and the wheels are directly driven by the motor to realize pure electric drive. Realize zero emission of harmful gases and reduce environmental pollution.
(2)并在纯电动车辆的基础上增加了液压驱动部分，包括第一液压蓄能器4、变量液压马达5、离合器6、第二液压蓄能器8、补油装置9。引入液压蓄能器作为液压驱动的二次能量元件，能够实现辅助驱动、制动和制动能量的回收。在车辆制动过程中通过变量液压马达高效回收制动能量并存储在液压蓄能器中，在需要时释放出来。大幅提高节能效率，有效避免了大电流对电池组充电的不良影响，还能延长常规制动器使用寿命。(2) On the basis of a pure electric vehicle, a hydraulic drive part is added, including a first hydraulic accumulator 4, a variable hydraulic motor 5, a clutch 6, a second hydraulic accumulator 8, and an oil replenishment device 9. The hydraulic accumulator is introduced as the secondary energy element of the hydraulic drive, which can realize the recovery of auxiliary driving, braking and braking energy. During the vehicle braking process, the braking energy is efficiently recovered by the variable hydraulic motor and stored in the hydraulic accumulator, and released when needed. It greatly improves the energy saving efficiency, effectively avoids the adverse effect of high current on the charging of the battery pack, and can also prolong the service life of conventional brakes.
(3)液压驱动部分可作辅助驱动，在车辆负荷突然增大时，提供液压能到机械能转化的动力输出，使电机长期稳定工作在效率高的区域，提高能量转化效率和续航里程，并能降低对电机峰值功率的要求。(3) The hydraulic drive part can be used as an auxiliary drive. When the load of the vehicle suddenly increases, it provides power output from hydraulic energy to mechanical energy conversion, so that the motor can work stably in a high-efficiency area for a long time, improving energy conversion efficiency and cruising range, and can Reduce the peak power requirements of the motor.
(4)车辆有多种驱动模式：纯电动驱动、纯液压驱动和电动驱动与液压驱动同时工作实现四轮驱动，控制单元根据需要进行模式切换，控制自由度大。车辆四驱时能显著提升车辆动力性、通过性。(4) The vehicle has multiple driving modes: pure electric drive, pure hydraulic drive, and electric drive and hydraulic drive work at the same time to realize four-wheel drive. The control unit can switch modes according to needs, and the control degree of freedom is large. When the vehicle is four-wheel drive, it can significantly improve the power and passability of the vehicle.
(5)实现无级变速：电机的连续可控和变量液压马达的排量连续变化，保证了在一定的车速范围内无级变速的要求，使得驾驶员操作简单，无需换挡操作。还能方便实现倒挡行车功能。(5) Realize stepless speed change: The continuous controllability of the motor and the continuous change of the displacement of the variable hydraulic motor ensure the requirement of stepless speed change within a certain speed range, making the driver's operation simple and without shifting operation. It is also convenient to realize the reverse gear driving function.
(6)本发明取消了传统机械传动结构，使整车结构简单，能有效提高车辆底盘的最小离地间隙，减轻整车质量，提高车辆的越野性能。(6) The present invention cancels the traditional mechanical transmission structure, makes the structure of the whole vehicle simple, can effectively improve the minimum ground clearance of the vehicle chassis, reduces the weight of the whole vehicle, and improves the off-road performance of the vehicle.
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明电动液压混合驱动车辆动力系统的整体结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the electric-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system of the present invention.
图2为本发明电动液压混合驱动车辆动力系统在驱动模式下能量传递路线示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the energy transmission route of the electro-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system in the drive mode of the present invention.
图3为本发明电动液压混合驱动车辆动力系统在制动模式下能量传递路线示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the energy transmission route of the electro-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system in braking mode according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了说明本发明的技术方案及技术目的，下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明做进一步的介绍。In order to illustrate the technical scheme and technical purpose of the present invention, the present invention will be further introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
结合图1，一种电动液压混合驱动车辆动力系统，包括电控单元1、电机2、电池组3、第一液压蓄能器4、变量液压马达5、离合器6、多组车轮7、驱动桥10；Referring to Fig. 1, an electro-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system includes an electronic control unit 1, a motor 2, a battery pack 3, a first hydraulic accumulator 4, a variable hydraulic motor 5, a clutch 6, multiple sets of wheels 7, and a drive axle 10;
所述电池组3与两个电机2相连，两个电机2的动力输出端分别与一组的两个车轮7相连；所述第一液压蓄能器4与变量液压马达5的输油入口相连，第一液压蓄能器4用于存储回收的制动能量，辅助驱动和制动；变量液压马达5动力输出端通过离合器6与驱动桥10连接；驱动桥10驱动另一组的两个车轮7；所述电控单元1分别与电机2、第一液压蓄能器4、变量液压马达5、离合器6相连，电控单元1控制电机2的运转工况及变量液压马达5的排量、第一液压蓄能器4的开关、离合器6的闭合或开启；所述电池组3对电机2、电控单元1进行供电。The battery pack 3 is connected to two motors 2, and the power output ends of the two motors 2 are respectively connected to a group of two wheels 7; the first hydraulic accumulator 4 is connected to the oil inlet of the variable hydraulic motor 5 , the first hydraulic accumulator 4 is used to store the recovered braking energy to assist driving and braking; the power output end of the variable hydraulic motor 5 is connected to the drive axle 10 through the clutch 6; the drive axle 10 drives the other set of two wheels 7. The electronic control unit 1 is connected to the motor 2, the first hydraulic accumulator 4, the variable hydraulic motor 5, and the clutch 6 respectively, and the electronic control unit 1 controls the operating conditions of the motor 2 and the displacement of the variable hydraulic motor 5, The switch of the first hydraulic accumulator 4 , the closing or opening of the clutch 6 ; the battery pack 3 supplies power to the motor 2 and the electronic control unit 1 .
在一些实施方式中，所述电机2的动力输出端与车轮7直接相连；作为优选的实施方式，所述电机2通过轮边减速器与车轮7相连。In some embodiments, the power output end of the motor 2 is directly connected to the wheel 7; as a preferred embodiment, the motor 2 is connected to the wheel 7 through a wheel-side reducer.
优选的，所述电机2采用轮边电机或是轮毂电机，转速、转矩连续可控。Preferably, the motor 2 is a wheel motor or a hub motor, and the speed and torque are continuously controllable.
进一步的，所述电池组3为蓄电池、锂离子电池、电池包等形式不限，且能直接插电充电或直接更换。Further, the battery pack 3 is in any form such as storage battery, lithium-ion battery, battery pack, etc., and can be directly plugged in for charging or directly replaced.
优选的，所述变量液压马达5采用电控双向变量液压马达，可实现排量大小可调，且旋转方向可变。Preferably, the variable hydraulic motor 5 is an electronically controlled bidirectional variable hydraulic motor, which can realize adjustable displacement and variable rotation direction.
在一些实施方式中，本发明的电动液压混合驱动车辆动力系统后轮采用电动驱动，前轮采用液压驱动。In some embodiments, the electric-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system of the present invention adopts electric drive for the rear wheels and hydraulic drive for the front wheels.
在另外一些实施方式中，本发明的电动液压混合驱动车辆动力系统后轮采用液压驱动，前轮采用电动驱动。对于三组以上的车轮7的车辆，其他组车轮7可采用电动、液压或无驱动。In some other embodiments, the electric-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system of the present invention adopts hydraulic drive for the rear wheels, and uses electric drive for the front wheels. For vehicles with more than three groups of wheels 7, other groups of wheels 7 can adopt electric, hydraulic or non-driven.
在一些实施方式中，所述变量液压马达5的输油出口同油箱相连，形成开式液压回路；作为优选的实施方式，所述变量液压马达5的输油出口同第二蓄能器8相连，所述第二蓄能器8与电控单元1相连，形成闭式液压回路，提高液压传动效率。In some embodiments, the oil output outlet of the variable variable hydraulic motor 5 is connected with the oil tank to form an open hydraulic circuit; as a preferred embodiment, the oil output outlet of the variable variable hydraulic motor 5 is connected with the second accumulator 8 , the second accumulator 8 is connected with the electronic control unit 1 to form a closed hydraulic circuit and improve the hydraulic transmission efficiency.
进一步的，所述变量液压马达5的输油出口还与补油泵9相连，补油泵9与电控单元1相连；所述电控单元1控制补油泵9，为整个液压系统提供补充油液，起补偿液压油损耗、泄露作用。Further, the oil delivery outlet of the variable variable hydraulic motor 5 is also connected to the charge pump 9, and the charge pump 9 is connected to the electronic control unit 1; the electric control unit 1 controls the charge pump 9 to provide supplementary oil for the entire hydraulic system, Play the role of compensating hydraulic oil loss and leakage.
结合图2，本发明的电动液压混合驱动车辆动力系统在驱动情况时，根据工况不同，有以下能量传递路线：With reference to Fig. 2, the electro-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system of the present invention has the following energy transmission routes according to different working conditions when driving:
停车起步时，电控单元1得到起动信号和加速踏板信号开始工作。首先电控单元1检测第一液压蓄能器4的压力，若压力不足，电机2带动车轮7转动启动车辆，由电控单元1控制电机2以满足行驶需求，此时为纯电动驱动。若第一液压蓄能器4的压力充足，由第一液压蓄能器4单独为液压系统提供高压输出，驱动变量液压马达5，离合器6闭合，驱动桥10在变量液压马达5驱动下带动车轮7转动，为纯液压驱动状态，此时克服了电机启动过程中负荷大、效率低、响应慢的缺点。When parking and starting, the electronic control unit 1 gets a start signal and an accelerator pedal signal to start working. First, the electronic control unit 1 detects the pressure of the first hydraulic accumulator 4. If the pressure is insufficient, the motor 2 drives the wheels 7 to rotate to start the vehicle. The electronic control unit 1 controls the motor 2 to meet the driving demand. At this time, it is pure electric drive. If the pressure of the first hydraulic accumulator 4 is sufficient, the first hydraulic accumulator 4 alone provides high-pressure output for the hydraulic system, drives the variable hydraulic motor 5, and the clutch 6 is closed, and the drive axle 10 drives the wheels under the drive of the variable hydraulic motor 5 7 Rotation, it is a pure hydraulic drive state, which overcomes the shortcomings of large load, low efficiency and slow response during the motor start-up process.
急加速或爬坡时，若第一液压蓄能器4的压力不足，电控单元1控制电机2增大输出扭矩，处于纯电动驱动。若第一液压蓄能器4的压力充足，车辆由电动和液压驱动共同驱动。液压驱动部分起辅助驱动作用，可降低对电机峰值功率的需求。车辆由电动和液压驱动共同驱动，实现了四轮驱动，整车动力性大大提高。During rapid acceleration or climbing, if the pressure of the first hydraulic accumulator 4 is insufficient, the electronic control unit 1 controls the motor 2 to increase the output torque, and it is in pure electric drive. If the pressure of the first hydraulic accumulator 4 is sufficient, the vehicle is jointly driven by electric and hydraulic drives. The hydraulic drive section acts as an auxiliary drive, reducing the need for peak power from the motor. The vehicle is jointly driven by electric and hydraulic drives, realizing four-wheel drive, and greatly improving the power of the vehicle.
匀速行驶时，电控单元1实时监测第一液压蓄能器4的压力大小，并根据其压力大小可有两种工作方式。若第一液压蓄能器4的压力达到预设压力最大值时，液压系统不参与驱动，离合器6打开，由电控单元1控制电机2单独驱动车辆行驶，此时是纯电动模式。而当第一液压蓄能器4的压力下降到预设压力最小值时，需给液压系统充压。在行车功率不大时，离合器6闭合，由电机2驱动车辆行驶的同时，多余的功率用来驱动变量液压马达5转动，通过电控单元1控制变量液压马达5的排量，使之工作在泵模式下，将第二液压蓄能器8中的液压油压入第一液压蓄能器4中，使液压系统压力升高，能量存储起来在适当的时候释放如停车起步或急加速等。When driving at a constant speed, the electronic control unit 1 monitors the pressure of the first hydraulic accumulator 4 in real time, and there are two working modes according to the pressure. If the pressure of the first hydraulic accumulator 4 reaches the preset maximum pressure, the hydraulic system does not participate in the driving, the clutch 6 is opened, and the electric control unit 1 controls the motor 2 to drive the vehicle alone. At this time, it is a pure electric mode. And when the pressure of the first hydraulic accumulator 4 drops to the preset minimum pressure, the hydraulic system needs to be charged. When the driving power is low, the clutch 6 is closed, and the vehicle is driven by the motor 2. At the same time, the excess power is used to drive the variable hydraulic motor 5 to rotate, and the displacement of the variable hydraulic motor 5 is controlled by the electronic control unit 1 to make it work at In the pump mode, the hydraulic oil in the second hydraulic accumulator 8 is pressed into the first hydraulic accumulator 4 to increase the pressure of the hydraulic system, and the energy is stored and released at an appropriate time such as parking and starting or rapid acceleration.
倒车行驶时，电控单元1检测到倒挡信号，调节电机2或变量液压马达5的旋转方向，实现车辆的倒挡功能，其能量的传递路线同正常行驶前进时一样。When driving in reverse, the electronic control unit 1 detects the reverse gear signal, adjusts the rotation direction of the motor 2 or the variable hydraulic motor 5, and realizes the reverse gear function of the vehicle, and its energy transmission route is the same as that of normal driving forward.
结合图3，本发明的电动液压混合驱动车辆动力系统在制动情况时，根据工况不同，有以下能量传递路线：With reference to Fig. 3, the electro-hydraulic hybrid drive vehicle power system of the present invention has the following energy transmission routes according to different working conditions when braking:
轻度或中度制动强度下，电控单元1检测到制动踏板信号时控制电机2立刻停止转动。电控单元1实时监测第一液压蓄能器4的压力大小，有不同工作方式。在满足制动强度的前提下，制动方式选择优先级为：液压再生制动>电机再生制动>常规制动器。因此，通过电控单元1控制变量液压马达5的排量，使之工作在泵模式下，由车辆的惯性能驱动，并将车辆的惯性能转化为液压能，存储在第一液压蓄能器4中，实现制动能量的回收。而当第一液压蓄能器4充满时，立即断开离合器6，启动电机再生制动给电池组充电。若电池组电量达到某一预定最大值时立即起动常规制动器开始制动。任何情况下，在不能满足制动强度时，均应优先保证制动安全，立即启动常规制动器制动。Under mild or moderate braking intensity, when the electronic control unit 1 detects the brake pedal signal, the motor 2 is controlled to stop rotating immediately. The electronic control unit 1 monitors the pressure of the first hydraulic accumulator 4 in real time, and has different working modes. Under the premise of satisfying the braking strength, the priority of braking mode selection is: hydraulic regenerative braking>motor regenerative braking>conventional brake. Therefore, the displacement of the variable hydraulic motor 5 is controlled by the electronic control unit 1 to make it work in the pump mode, driven by the inertial energy of the vehicle, and convert the inertial energy of the vehicle into hydraulic energy, which is stored in the first hydraulic accumulator In 4, the recovery of braking energy is realized. And when the first hydraulic accumulator 4 is full, the clutch 6 is disconnected immediately, and the regenerative braking of the motor is started to charge the battery pack. If the power of the battery pack reaches a predetermined maximum value, the conventional brake is started immediately to start braking. In any case, when the braking strength cannot be satisfied, priority should be given to ensuring braking safety, and the conventional brake should be activated immediately.
另一种情况是紧急制动时，驾驶员猛踩制动踏板，应当立即停止电机2，将变量液压马达5的排量调节至反向最大，并与常规制动器配合工作一起实现紧急制动。Another situation is that during emergency braking, if the driver slams on the brake pedal, the motor 2 should be stopped immediately, and the displacement of the variable hydraulic motor 5 should be adjusted to the reverse maximum, and cooperate with the conventional brake to realize emergency braking.
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