CN108413122A - A kind of water hammer abatement valve, water hammer abatement pipeline and pipeline water hammer-resistant method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of water hammer abatement valve, water hammer abatement pipeline and pipeline water hammer-resistant methods.The water hammer cuts down valve, including：Valve body equipped with inlet and outlet, spool is equipped in valve body, the water hammer abatement valve further includes the single-rod piston cylinder controlled by outer signals, the piston rod of single-rod piston cylinder is connect with the spool, the outer signals include that the water pump being equipped in the pipeline of water hammer abatement valve, valve are turned on and off signal, when shutdown signal occurs in water downstream, spool is pushed down the water outlet of valve body and cuts down valve to close the water hammer by control single-rod piston cylinder.The present invention can reduce backwater and cut down the impact of valve or even whole system to water hammer and can realize that the impact energy of reverse reflux consumes, and the present invention effectively reduces the harm of water hammer effect so that pipeline and its attachment safe operation.

Description

A water hammer reduction valve, a water hammer reduction pipeline, and a pipeline water hammer prevention method

technical field

The invention relates to a water hammer reduction valve, in particular to a water hammer reduction valve, a water hammer reduction pipeline and a pipeline water hammer prevention method.

Background technique

Water hammer is also called water hammer. For liquids flowing in pressurized pipelines, the flow rate changes suddenly due to some reason (sudden closing of valves, sudden stop of water pumps, sudden opening and closing of guide vanes, etc.), due to the inertia of the liquid, it causes the alternating changes of sharp increase or decrease in pressure, that is Pressure waves, a phenomenon known as water hammer. Since the inner wall of the pipe is smooth, the water flows freely. When the opened valve is suddenly closed or the water pump is suddenly stopped, the subsequent water flow will continue to flow under the action of inertia. Impact force and water pressure, and produce destructive effects, because the pipeline is smooth, the flow cycle of water in the pipeline above process, it takes a long time to stop the flow cycle, this is the water hammer effect in hydraulics. The water hammer effect is extremely destructive: if the pressure is too high, it will cause the rupture of the pipe; on the contrary, if the pressure is too low, it will cause the pipe to collapse, and it will also damage the valve and water pump.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a water hammer reduction valve, a water hammer reduction pipeline and a pipeline that can reduce the impact of the return flow on the water hammer reduction valve and the entire system and can realize the impact energy consumption of the reverse backflow The method of preventing water hammer, the invention effectively reduces the harm of water hammer effect, so that the pipeline and its accessories can run safely.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions respectively:

A water hammer reduction valve according to the present invention includes: a valve body provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a valve core is arranged in the valve body, and the water hammer reduction valve also includes a single-rod piston cylinder controlled by an external signal, The piston rod of the single-rod piston cylinder is connected to the valve core, and the external signal includes the water pump in the pipeline provided with the water hammer reduction valve, the opening or closing signal of the valve, when the closing signal appears downstream of the incoming water, The single-rod piston cylinder is controlled to press the valve core against the water outlet of the valve body to close the water hammer reduction valve.

A water hammer reduction pipeline according to the present invention includes a power element and a control element connected by a water pipe, a water hammer reduction valve is provided downstream of the power element and the water hammer reduction valve is adjacent to the water outlet of the power element, the The water hammer reduction valve includes: a valve body provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a valve core is arranged in the valve body. The water hammer reduction valve also includes a single-rod piston cylinder controlled by an external signal, and the piston rod of the single-rod piston cylinder Connected with the spool, the external signal includes the water pump in the pipeline equipped with the water hammer reduction valve, the opening or closing signal of the valve, when the closing signal appears downstream of the incoming water, the single-rod piston cylinder is controlled to turn the valve The core presses the water outlet of the valve body to close the water hammer reduction valve.

The pipeline anti-hammer method described in the present invention, the pipeline includes a power element and a control element connected by a water pipe,

A water hammer reduction valve is provided downstream of the power element and the water hammer reduction valve is adjacent to the water outlet of the power element. The water hammer reduction valve includes: a valve body with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a valve body is provided in the valve body core, connect the spool to the single-rod piston cylinder, and the single-rod piston cylinder is controlled by external signals,

The external signal includes the opening or closing signal of the water pump and valve in the pipeline provided with the water hammer reduction valve. When the closing signal of the water pump or valve appears downstream of the incoming water, the single-rod piston cylinder is controlled to press the valve core The water outlet of the valve body is used to close the water hammer reduction valve. The backflow surface of the valve core reflects the first downstream reverse flow back in multiple directions and forms a face-to-face collision and side collision with the subsequent reverse flow. The reflected backflow that arrives earlier impacts the backflow that arrives later in multiple directions, so as to realize the energy consumption of the backflow and reduce the impact.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages:

For the existing water pipeline layout, check valves and gate valves are generally installed at the same time. The check valve is used to prevent the pipeline water from flowing back when the pump is stopped, and the gate valve or butterfly valve is used to close the pipeline when the pump is started. Must be off. When it is detected that the pump is stopped, the hydraulic cylinder will feed oil, and the hydraulic pressure will push the spool of the water hammer reduction valve to move to realize automatic closing and completely cut off the water flow, that is, the existing pipeline can be simplified. After installing the water hammer reduction valve, While reducing water hammer, it replaces the functions of check valve and gate valve and simplifies pipeline layout.

1. The present invention realizes real-time elimination of water hammer energy and effectively solves the problem of arbitrary controllability of valve closing time. When the closing signal appears downstream of the incoming water, the single-rod piston cylinder starts, and the piston rod of the single-rod piston cylinder pushes the spool of the water hammer reduction valve to close the water hammer reduction valve.

When the water pump and valve are opened or closed, the water in the pipeline will reversely flow back and directly impact the spool of the water hammer reduction valve connected to the single-rod piston cylinder, and use the flow of hydraulic oil in the single-rod piston cylinder to consume in real time The energy of reverse backflow avoids the impact of backflow on pumps, valves and pipelines. In addition, the present invention controls the closing time of the water hammer reduction valve by adjusting the oil inlet flow rate of the single-rod piston cylinder.

2. In the present invention, the backflow surface of the valve core is set as a ladder, and the backflow surface is an annular step that gradually descends from the center to the periphery, which can reduce the impact of the backflow water flow on the water hammer reduction valve and even the entire system. At the same time, the formed The multi-directional reflected flow impacts the subsequent reverse flow to realize the impact energy consumption of the reverse flow.

As shown in Figure 1, after the backflow surface is designed with stepped steps, part of the return flow that reaches and touches the backflow surface is bounced back in multiple directions by the stepped steps of the annular ladder, and the backflow flow that arrived earlier and is bounced back in multiple directions Another part of the return flow that reaches and touches the backflow surface in the later stage forms multi-directional collisions and forms turbulent flow, thereby consuming the impact energy of the return flow;

It is worth mentioning that the rebounded return flow has a 360-degree rebound, and there is also a non-360-degree lateral rebound. The non-360-degree lateral rebound return flow has a sideways collision with the return flow that arrives later rather than a frontal collision. It not only reduces the impact of the subsequent return flow on the water hammer reduction valve, but also causes the rebounded return flow to collide with the follow-up return flow sideways, thereby further enhancing the performance of the return flow and reducing the impact on the valve. shock. In this way, when the water in the pipeline flows backwards due to sudden shutdown of the water pump, etc., the high resistance on the back surface will cause the flow rate of the water in the pipeline to drop sharply, and the kinetic energy of the water in the pipeline will be consumed rapidly, reducing the conversion of kinetic energy into pressure energy in the pipeline. The amount, so as to fundamentally solve the water hammer damage to the pipeline.

Compared with the flat water retaining surface, since the water flow is facing the stepped water retaining surface at the right end of the valve core when it returns, the direction of the water flow will change. In this process, the water flow will lose a lot of kinetic energy. If the overall plane is used as the water retaining surface, its The resistance of the water flow is the largest, but the reaction force on the valve body is also the largest, which is not conducive to the service life of the valve. Using the stepped water retaining surface can effectively consume the flow energy of the water without generating a large reaction force.

3. The feature of the method of pipeline anti-hammering in the present invention is that: the annular ladder is used to implement multi-directional reflection on the part of the return flow that has reached and touched the backflow surface in advance, and the reflected return flow and the subsequent return flow are formed. Multi-direction collisions including face-to-face collisions and side collisions realize the internal consumption of reverse flow energy and reduce the impact on valves and systems. In this process, referring to Figure 8, the main function of the annular ladder is Change the direction of the return flow, especially the step corners to reflect the return flow into a conical reflection flow.

4. The present invention provides a method for reducing water hammer in pipelines: install a water hammer reduction valve with a hydraulic drive device of the present invention near the outlet of the water pump, and install a fixed valve at intervals on the subsequent pipeline. Type water hammer reduction valve, so that the entire pipeline is no longer a smooth pipeline with little resistance. When the pipeline water flows backwards, it can quickly reduce the water flow velocity and reduce the water flow energy.

Since the water hammer occurs because the pipeline is approximately smooth, it is necessary to add a fixed water hammer reduction valve on the pipeline so that the pipeline is no longer similar to a smooth pipeline during the return flow. The interval arrangement of the fixed water hammer reduction valve will The water flow energy of the long-distance transmission pipeline can be shared, which can not only reduce the impact force on a single valve body, but also increase the effect of reducing the flow velocity of the water flow. With the closing process of the water hammer reduction valve, the water flow will gradually decrease and the water hammer will be reduced. When the valve is completely closed, the water flow is almost still, which solves the problem of water hammer in principle.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the A-A structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a right side view of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left valve body.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed water hammer reduction valve.

Figure 5 is a front view of the structure of the left valve core.

Fig. 6 is a left view of the structure of the left spool.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a piping system.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of mutual interference between water flows when the water flows back through the valve.

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic control system.

In the figure: left valve body 1, left valve core 2, right valve body 3, right valve core 4, gasket 5, cylinder body 101, piston rod 102, cylinder head 103, support rod 104, oil pipe 105, water inlet pool 6, Water inlet pipe 7, water pump 8, water hammer reduction valve 9, water outlet pipe 10, fixed water hammer reduction valve 11, water outlet pool 12, first chute 13, second chute 14, motor 15, oil pump 16, mailbox 17 , filter 18, pressure regulating overflow valve 19, pressure gauge 20, electromagnetic reversing valve 21, single rod piston cylinder 22 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Example 1

A water hammer reduction valve, comprising: a valve body provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, a valve core is arranged in the valve body, the water hammer reduction valve also includes a single-rod piston cylinder controlled by an external signal, a single-rod piston cylinder The piston rod is connected to the spool, the external signal includes the water pump in the pipeline with the water hammer reduction valve, the opening or closing signal of the valve, when the closing signal appears downstream of the incoming water, the single-rod piston is controlled The cylinder presses the spool against the water outlet of the valve body to close the water hammer reduction valve.

The present invention can adopt the common hydraulic control system to control the opening and closing of the valve, the motor 15 drives the oil pump 16 to work, sucks the hydraulic oil from the mailbox 17, and enters the electromagnetic reversing valve 21 through the filter 18. In order to monitor the pressure of the oil circuit, there is a The pressure gauge 20 is provided with a pressure regulating overflow valve 19 in order to prevent the oil pressure from being too high. One end of the electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to the pumped high-pressure oil, and the other end is connected to the oil tank, which is used to control the left and right movement of the single-rod piston cylinder 22. When needing to move to the left, the right end of single-rod piston cylinder 22 is high-pressure oil, and the left end backflow oil tank, when needing to move right, the left end of single-rod piston cylinder 22 is high-pressure oil, and the right-hand backflow oil tank.

In this embodiment, the backflow surface of the spool is an annular step that gradually descends from the center to the periphery; the upstream surface of the spool is an imitation cone formed with the axis of the spool as the rotation axis and the arc as the generatrix. side. The valve body includes a left valve body 1 and a right valve body 3 connected to each other, the water inlet is arranged on the left valve body 1, and the water outlet is arranged on the right valve body 3; the valve core includes interconnected The left spool 2 and the right spool 4 are provided with a cavity for accommodating a single-rod piston cylinder in the left spool 2 and the right spool 4, and in the direction of movement of the left spool 2 and the right spool 4 A first chute 13 is provided, and the single-rod piston cylinder includes a cylinder body 101 with a single-rod piston inside and a cylinder head 103 connected to the cylinder body. The piston rod 102 of the single-rod piston is connected with the right valve core 4, and the Two oil pipes 105 are provided on the body 101 and are used for oil supply and oil return of the single-rod piston cylinder. The oil pipes 105 are connected to the valve body through the first chute 13 and used to support the single-rod piston cylinder. A support rod 104 is provided between the valve body and the single-rod piston cylinder, and the two ends of the support rod 104 are respectively connected to the valve body and the single-rod piston cylinder and are used to support the single-rod piston cylinder. A second slide slot 14 is defined along the movement direction of the valve core, and the support rod 104 passes through the second slide slot 14 .

During assembly, the left valve body and the right valve body are connected by flanges, the left valve core is loaded into the left valve body from the left end, and the right valve core is loaded into the left valve body from the right end. The spool is connected with the hydraulic cylinder in the left valve body through the hydraulic shaft, and moves. The oil pipe on the left is pressurized to drive the piston rod to move to the right, and the valve core moves to the rightmost end, which can be sealed with the gasket 5 to achieve the effect of water stop; the oil pipe on the right is pressurized to drive the piston rod to move to the left, and the valve Open. The left and right spools are provided with grooves for avoiding the piston rod, and Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the left spool.

The water-facing surface of the left spool is set to be streamlined, and when the water flows normally, the resistance is very small. The back surface of the right spool is set in an annular stepped shape, which creates great resistance to the returning water and quickly reduces the flow energy of the water.

Example 2

A water hammer reduction pipeline, including a power element and a control element connected by a water pipe 6, a water hammer reduction valve 8 is provided downstream of the power element and the water hammer reduction valve is adjacent to the water outlet of the power element, the water hammer The water hammer reduction valve includes: a valve body with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a valve core in the valve body. The water hammer reduction valve also includes a single-rod piston cylinder controlled by an external signal. The piston rod of the single-rod piston cylinder is connected to the The external signal includes the opening or closing signal of the water pump and the valve in the pipeline provided with the water hammer reduction valve. When the closing signal appears downstream of the incoming water, the single-rod piston cylinder is controlled to press the valve core. Hold the water outlet of the valve body to close the water hammer reduction valve.

In this embodiment, the backflow surface of the spool is an annular step that gradually descends from the center to the periphery; The water hammer reduction valve includes a valve body with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a valve core fixed to the valve body is arranged in the valve body. The arc is the side of the imitation cone formed by the busbar, and the backflow surface is an annular step that gradually descends from the center to the periphery.

Example 3

A pipeline anti-hammer method, the pipeline includes a power element and a control element connected by a water pipe 6, a water hammer reduction valve 8 is provided downstream of the power element and the water hammer reduction valve is adjacent to the water outlet of the power element, The water hammer reduction valve includes: a valve body provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, a valve core is arranged in the valve body, the valve core is connected to a single-rod piston cylinder, and the single-rod piston cylinder is controlled by an external signal,

The external signal includes the opening or closing signal of the water pump and valve in the pipeline provided with the water hammer reduction valve. When the closing signal of the water pump or valve appears downstream of the incoming water, the single-rod piston cylinder is controlled to press the valve core The water outlet of the valve body is used to close the water hammer reduction valve. The backflow surface of the valve core reflects the first downstream reverse flow back in multiple directions and forms a face-to-face collision and side collision with the subsequent reverse flow. The reflected backflow that arrives earlier impacts the backflow that arrives later in multiple directions, so as to realize the energy consumption of the backflow and reduce the impact. The backflow surface of the spool is selected as an annular step gradually descending from the center to the periphery.

When the water flow reverses, due to the stepped water retaining surface of the valve, the loss of the water flow is great, and the kinetic energy is quickly reduced, which means that the pipeline is no longer smooth, that is, the pressure of the water hammer is reduced from the cause of the water hammer. The valve core can move along the pipeline axis through hydraulic pressure, that is, it can realize opening and closing. For example, the water hammer reduction valve described above is used in the pipeline of the water pump. When the water pump suddenly stops, all kinds of check valves used at this stage may be closed quickly for a section, and the remaining section is closed slowly, but the total The time is generally less than 1 minute, and the use of the water hammer reduction valve can control the valve closing time arbitrarily.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned specific examples. The descriptions in the above-mentioned specific examples and the description are only to further illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention There are also various changes and improvements which fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A water hammer reduction valve, comprising: a valve body provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a valve core is arranged in the valve body, it is characterized in that the water hammer reduction valve also includes a single-rod piston controlled by an external signal Cylinder, the piston rod of the single-rod piston cylinder is connected to the valve core, the external signal includes the water pump in the pipeline equipped with the water hammer reduction valve, the opening or closing signal of the valve, when the closing signal appears downstream of the incoming water At this time, the single-rod piston cylinder is controlled to press the valve core against the water outlet of the valve body to close the water hammer reduction valve. 2. The water hammer reduction valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, the back flow surface of the valve core is an annular step gradually descending from the center to the periphery. 3 . The water hammer reduction valve according to claim 2 , wherein the upstream surface of the spool is a side surface of an imitation cone formed with the axis of the spool as the rotation axis and the arc as the generatrix. 4 . 4. The water hammer reduction valve according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the valve body comprises a left valve body (1) and a right valve body (3) connected to each other, and the water inlet is located at On the left valve body (1), the water outlet is arranged on the right valve body (3); the valve core includes a left valve core (2) and a right valve core (4) connected to each other, and the ) and the right spool (4) are provided with a cavity for accommodating the single-rod piston cylinder, and the first chute (13 ), the single-rod piston cylinder includes a cylinder body (101) with a single-rod piston inside and a cylinder head (103) connected to the cylinder body, the piston rod (102) of the single-rod piston is connected with the right spool (4), Two oil pipes (105) are provided on the cylinder body (101) and are used for oil supply and oil return of the single-rod piston cylinder. The oil pipes (105) are connected to the valve body through the first chute (13) and are used for supporting Single rod piston cylinder. 5. The water hammer reduction valve according to claim 4, characterized in that, a support rod (104) is provided between the valve body and the single-rod piston cylinder, and the two ends of the support rod (104) are respectively connected to the valve body and the single-rod piston cylinder. The rod piston cylinder is also used to support the single rod piston cylinder. A second chute (14) is provided on the left spool (2) and the right spool (4) along the movement direction of the spool, and the support rod (104) Pass through the second chute (14). 6. A water hammer reduction pipeline, including a power element and a control element connected by a water pipe (6), characterized in that a water hammer reduction valve (8) is provided downstream of the power element, and the water hammer reduction valve and the power element The water outlet is adjacent to each other. The water hammer reduction valve includes: a valve body with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a valve core is arranged in the valve body. The water hammer reduction valve also includes a single-rod piston cylinder controlled by an external signal , the piston rod of the single-rod piston cylinder is connected to the valve core, the external signal includes the water pump in the pipeline provided with the water hammer reduction valve, the opening or closing signal of the valve, when the closing signal appears downstream of the incoming water , controlling the single-rod piston cylinder to press the valve core against the water outlet of the valve body to close the water hammer reduction valve. 7. The water hammer reduction pipeline according to claim 6, characterized in that, the back flow surface of the valve core is an annular step gradually descending from the center to the periphery. 8. The water hammer reduction pipeline according to claim 6, characterized in that the power element is a water pump (7), and a fixed water hammer reduction valve (9) is arranged at intervals on the subsequent pipeline, and the fixed The type water hammer reduction valve includes a valve body with a water inlet and a water outlet, and a valve core fixed to the valve body is arranged in the valve body. The side surface of the imitation cone is formed with the arc as the generatrix, and the backflow surface is an annular step that gradually descends from the center to the periphery. 9. A pipeline anti-hammer method, the pipeline includes a power element and a control element connected by a water pipe (6), characterized in that, A water hammer reduction valve (8) is provided downstream of the power element, and the water hammer reduction valve is adjacent to the water outlet of the power element. The water hammer reduction valve includes: a valve body with a water inlet and a water outlet, in the valve body A spool is provided, and the spool is connected to a single-rod piston cylinder, and the single-rod piston cylinder is controlled by an external signal, The external signal includes the opening or closing signal of the water pump and valve in the pipeline provided with the water hammer reduction valve. When the closing signal of the water pump or valve appears downstream of the incoming water, the single-rod piston cylinder is controlled to press the valve core The water outlet of the valve body is used to close the water hammer reduction valve. The backflow surface of the valve core reflects the first downstream reverse flow back in multiple directions and forms a face-to-face collision and side collision with the subsequent reverse flow. The reflected backflow that arrives earlier impacts the backflow that arrives later in multiple directions, so as to realize the energy consumption of the backflow and reduce the impact. 10. The pipeline anti-hammer method according to claim 9, characterized in that, the backflow surface of the valve core is selected as an annular step gradually descending from the center to the periphery.