CN108398792B - Augmented reality display optical module and system - Google Patents
Augmented reality display optical module and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108398792B CN108398792B CN201810358432.8A CN201810358432A CN108398792B CN 108398792 B CN108398792 B CN 108398792B CN 201810358432 A CN201810358432 A CN 201810358432A CN 108398792 B CN108398792 B CN 108398792B
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- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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Abstract
The invention provides an augmented reality display optical module and an augmented reality display optical system. The augmented reality display system comprises an augmented reality display optical module and an image display device. The augmented reality display optical module comprises an electric control liquid crystal polarizing element, a polarizing beam-splitting element, a first reflection amplifying element, a phase delay plate, a first reflection element, a second reflection element, a third reflection element and a second reflection amplifying element. The image display device sequentially outputs a first beam of sub-image light and a second beam of sub-image light of an image to be displayed, and the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed formed by reflection and convergence of the first reflection amplifying element and the second reflection amplifying element can be spliced into the image to be displayed visually by a user. The augmented reality display optical module and the system have the characteristics of large field of view and high resolution, and are small in size compared with the augmented reality display optical module and the system with the traditional display optical module.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of augmented reality, in particular to an augmented reality display optical module and an augmented reality display optical system.
Background
Augmented reality (AR, augmented Reality) is a technology for performing reality augmentation on a real scene by using virtual objects or information, and is widely used in various fields such as scientific research, military, industry, games, video, education, and the like. At present, a mainstream augmented reality display system generally adopts a miniature image display as an image source and is matched with a traditional display optical module (a semi-reflective semi-transparent plane mirror and a traditional visual optical system) to realize augmented display. Limited to the state of the art and technology, the resolution of miniature image displays is difficult to increase. Moreover, the display field of view of the conventional display optical module is closely related to the volume of the display optical module. The display field is increased, and the volume of the conventional display optical module is increased dramatically. Therefore, the currently mainstream augmented reality display systems have problems of low resolution, and small field of view or large volume.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a compact augmented reality display optical module and system with a large field of view and high resolution, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the preferred embodiment of the invention provides an augmented reality display optical module, which comprises an electric control liquid crystal polarizing element, a polarization beam splitting element, a first reflection amplifying element, a phase delay plate, a first reflection element, a second reflection element, a third reflection element and a second reflection amplifying element;
the image display device sequentially outputs a first beam of sub-image light and a second beam of sub-image light of an image to be displayed, wherein the first beam of sub-image light and the second beam of sub-image light are collimated parallel light beams with a first linear polarization direction, each image to be displayed comprises a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed, the first beam of sub-image light corresponds to the first sub-image to be displayed, and the second beam of sub-image light corresponds to the second sub-image to be displayed;
the electronic control liquid crystal polarization element is arranged on an emergent light path of the image display device and is used for changing the polarization direction of the incident second beam of sub-image light rays or the first beam of sub-image light rays with the first linear polarization direction into the second linear polarization direction after the control voltage is applied, and the second linear polarization direction is orthogonal to the first linear polarization direction;
the polarization light splitting element is arranged on an emergent light path of the electric control liquid crystal polarization element and is used for transmitting the sub-image light rays in the first linear polarization direction and reflecting the sub-image light rays in the second linear polarization direction;
the first reflection amplifying element is arranged on a first emergent light path of the polarization beam splitting element and is a polarization sensitive reflection converging element, and is used for reflecting and converging a first beam of sub-image light rays or a second beam of sub-image light rays in a first linear polarization direction which penetrate through the polarization beam splitting element so as to form a first sub-image to be displayed or a second sub-image to be displayed on human eyes;
the phase delay sheet is arranged between the second emergent light path of the polarization beam splitting element and the first reflecting element, and is used for converting the polarization direction of the sub-image light rays with the second linear polarization direction reflected by the polarization beam splitting element into an elliptical polarization direction or a circular polarization direction and converting the sub-image light rays with the elliptical polarization direction or the circular polarization direction reflected by the first reflecting element into a non-second linear polarization direction;
the second reflecting element and the third reflecting element are sequentially arranged on a third emergent light path of the polarization beam-splitting element and are used for reflecting the first linear polarization direction sub-image light transmitted through the polarization beam-splitting element to the second reflecting amplifying element;
the second reflection amplifying element is arranged on an emergent light path of the third reflection element and is a polarization sensitive reflection converging element, and is used for reflecting and converging a second beam of sub-image light rays or a first beam of sub-image light rays with a first linear polarization direction reflected by the third reflection element so as to form a second sub-image to be displayed or a first sub-image to be displayed on human eyes;
after the image display device outputs a first beam of sub-image light and a second beam of sub-image light of an image to be displayed, the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed formed by human eyes can be spliced into the image to be displayed visually by a user;
the real world ambient light enters the human eye through the augmented reality display optical module to form an ambient image.
Optionally, the first, second and third reflective elements are planar reflective elements.
Optionally, the first reflective element and the third reflective element are planar reflective elements, and the second reflective element is a concave reflective element.
Optionally, the first reflective element and the third reflective element are concave reflective elements, and the second reflective element is a planar reflective element.
Optionally, the first reflective element is a planar reflective element, and the second and third reflective elements are concave reflective elements.
Optionally, the first reflective amplifying element and the second reflective amplifying element are planar reflective diffractive elements.
Optionally, the first reflective amplifying element and the second reflective amplifying element are concave reflective converging elements.
Optionally, the augmented reality display optical module further comprises a polarization conversion element;
the polarization conversion element is arranged between the polarization beam splitting element and the second reflecting element, or between the second reflecting element and the third reflecting element, or between the third reflecting element and the second reflecting amplifying element, or between the polarization beam splitting element and the first reflecting amplifying element.
Optionally, the phase retarder is a 1/4 slide.
Another preferred embodiment of the present invention further provides an augmented reality display system, including an image display device and the above-mentioned augmented reality display optical module.
The augmented reality display optical module and the system provided by the embodiment of the invention enable the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed formed on human eyes to be spliced into the image to be displayed visually by a user by utilizing the vision residual effect through ingenious integration and design of the electric control liquid crystal polarizing element, the first reflection amplifying element, the second reflection amplifying element, the phase delay plate and the reflecting element and sequentially forming the first sub-image to be displayed on human eyes and the second sub-image to be displayed on human eyes by the first reflection amplifying element. Therefore, the angle of view of the augmented reality display optical module and system is equal to the sum of the angles of view of the first reflective magnification element and the second reflective magnification element. And, the resolutions of the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed may be the same and equal to the resolution of the image to be displayed. Therefore, the augmented reality display optical module and the system have high resolution while displaying large-view-field images, and have smaller volume compared with the augmented reality display optical module and the system with the traditional display optical module. Meanwhile, the imaging method based on the reflection imaging principle of the augmented reality display optical module and the system enables the reflected and converged image to have no chromatic aberration, and the center and the edge of the amplified image have consistent definition based on the amplified imaging of the beamlets.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described. It is to be understood that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the person of ordinary skill in the art may admit to other equally relevant drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical path of the augmented reality display system shown in fig. 1 for displaying an image to be displayed.
Fig. 3 is another schematic diagram of an optical path of the augmented reality display system shown in fig. 1 for displaying an image to be displayed.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed formed by the augmented reality display system shown in fig. 1, which are visually stitched into an image to be displayed by a user.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system according to another embodiment.
Icon 1-augmented reality display system; 10-an augmented reality display optical module; 50-an image display device; 11-an electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element; 13-a polarization beam splitter; 15-a first reflective amplifying element; 17-phase retarder; 19-a first reflective element; 21-a second reflective element; 23-a third reflective element; 25-a second reflective amplifying element; 29-polarization conversion element.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. In the description of the present invention, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and are not to be construed as merely or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to an embodiment of the invention. The augmented reality display system 1 can be applied to an augmented reality device such as an HMD (Head Mount Display, head mounted type visual device), smart glasses, and the like, without limitation. The augmented reality display system 1 comprises an augmented reality display optical module 10 and an image display device 50. The augmented reality display optical module 10 includes an electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11, a polarization splitting element 13, a first reflective amplifying element 15, a phase retarder 17, a first reflective element 19, a second reflective element 21, a third reflective element 23, and a second reflective amplifying element 25.
In the case of performing the augmented reality display, the augmented reality display optical module 10 needs to be matched with the image display device 50 to construct the augmented reality display system 1. The image display device 50 is configured to sequentially output a first sub-image light beam and a second sub-image light beam of an image to be displayed, where the first sub-image light beam and the second sub-image light beam are collimated parallel light beams having a first linear polarization direction. The image to be displayed is a virtual image displayed by the augmented reality display system 1, i.e. a virtual display of artificial additional information to the real world environment. Each image to be displayed comprises a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed. In order to improve the display effect, the resolutions of the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed may be the same. And the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed may be the same or different in size. The first beam of sub-image light corresponds to a first sub-image to be displayed, that is, the image display device 50 outputs the first beam of sub-image light according to the first sub-image to be displayed. The second beam of sub-image light corresponds to a second sub-image to be displayed, that is, the image display device 50 outputs the second beam of sub-image light according to the second sub-image to be displayed. In practical implementation, the image display device 50 may be composed of a transmissive or reflective LOCS display source and an illumination light source assembly capable of outputting collimated parallel light illumination, or may be composed of a fiber scanning imaging system and a collimation system. In this embodiment, the image display device 50 is composed of a transmissive LOCS display source and an illumination light source assembly capable of outputting collimated parallel light illumination.
The electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 is disposed on the outgoing light path of the image display device 50. The electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 is configured to change the phase of an incident polarized light beam (the first sub-image light beam or the second sub-image light beam) after the control voltage is applied, and change the polarization direction of the first sub-image light beam or the second sub-image light beam to a second linear polarization direction. When the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 changes the phase of the incident polarized light beam by pi phase after the control voltage is applied, the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 is equivalent to a 1/2 glass slide, and the first linear polarization direction and the second linear polarization direction are orthogonal. That is, the first sub-image light and the second sub-image light are collimated parallel light beams having the first linear polarization direction, and the first sub-image light or the second sub-image light after the phase change of the first sub-image light or the second sub-image light by the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 is collimated parallel light beams having the second linear polarization direction. Wherein the first linear polarization direction and the second linear polarization direction are orthogonal.
The polarization beam splitter 13 is disposed on the outgoing light path of the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizer 11, and is configured to transmit the sub-image light in the first linear polarization direction and reflect the sub-image light in the second linear polarization direction.
The first reflection amplifying element 15 is disposed on the first outgoing optical path of the polarization beam splitter 13, and is a polarization sensitive reflection converging element. The first reflection amplifying element 15 is configured to reflect and converge the sub-image light in the first linear polarization direction that passes through the polarization splitting element 13, so as to form a sub-image to be displayed on a human eye.
The phase retarder 17 is disposed between the second outgoing optical path of the polarization beam splitter 13 and the first reflecting element 19. The phase retarder 17 is configured to convert the polarization direction of the sub-image light of the second linear polarization direction reflected by the polarization splitting element 13 into an elliptical polarization direction or a circular polarization direction, and convert the sub-image light of the elliptical polarization direction or the circular polarization direction reflected from the first reflecting element 19 into a non-second linear polarization direction. Wherein the non-second linear polarization direction comprises the first linear polarization direction. When the retarder 17 is a 1/4 glass slide, the retarder 17 is used for converting the polarization direction of the sub-image light of the second linear polarization direction into the circular polarization direction and completely converting the sub-image light of the circular polarization direction reflected from the reflecting element 15 into the first linear polarization direction.
The first reflecting element 19 is used for transmitting the sub-image light having the elliptical polarization direction or the circular polarization direction transmitted from the retarder 17 back toward the retarder 17.
The second reflecting element 21 is disposed on the third outgoing light path of the polarization beam splitter 13, and is configured to reflect the first linear polarization direction sub-image light transmitted through the polarization beam splitter 13 to the third reflecting element 23.
The third reflecting element 23 is disposed on the outgoing light path of the second reflecting element 21, and is configured to reflect the sub-image light reflected by the second reflecting element 21 in the first linear polarization direction to the second reflection amplifying element 25.
Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the first reflecting element 19, the second reflecting element 21 and the third reflecting element 23 are plane reflecting elements, which have only the function of turning the optical path, and have no function of enlarging or reducing the size of the sub-image light transmitted from the polarization splitting element 13.
The second reflection amplifying element 25 is disposed on the outgoing light path of the third reflection element 23, and is a polarization sensitive reflection converging element. The second reflective amplifying element 25 is configured to reflect and converge the sub-image light reflected by the third reflective element 23 in the first linear polarization direction, so as to form a sub-image to be displayed on a human eye.
Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the first reflection amplifying element 15 and the second reflection amplifying element 25 are planar reflection diffraction elements.
When the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 is used to change the phase of the incident second beam of sub-image light after the control voltage is applied, the process of performing one virtual image display by the augmented reality display system 1 provided in this embodiment is as follows: dividing one image to be displayed into two sub-images to be displayed in the horizontal direction, and respectively recording the two sub-images to be displayed as a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed. As shown in fig. 2, the image display device 50 outputs a first beam of sub-image light according to a first sub-image to be displayed, the first beam of sub-image light being a collimated parallel light beam having a first linear polarization direction. The first sub-image light having the first linear polarization direction is reflected and converged by the first reflection amplifying element 15 after passing through the polarization splitting element 13 without applying a control voltage to the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11, so as to form a first sub-image to be displayed on the human eye. The image display device 50 outputs a second beam of sub-image light according to the second sub-image to be displayed, the second beam of sub-image light being a collimated parallel light beam having the first linear polarization direction. A control voltage is applied to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 and the second beam of sub-image light having the first linear polarization direction is converted by the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 into a second beam of sub-image light having the second linear polarization direction. The second sub-image light having the second linear polarization direction is reflected by the polarization splitting element 13 to the phase retarder 17. The polarization direction of the second sub-image light having the second linear polarization direction transmitted to the phase retarder 17 is converted into an elliptical polarization direction or a circular polarization direction by the phase retarder 17 and then transmitted to the first reflective element 19, and is inverted by the first reflective element 19 and then transmitted to the phase retarder 17 again. The second sub-image light of the elliptical polarization direction or the circular polarization direction reflected back from the first reflecting element 19 is converted into the second sub-image light of the non-second linear polarization direction by the phase retarder 17. The second sub-image light rays with the first linear polarization direction in the second sub-image light rays with the non-second linear polarization direction are reflected to the second reflection amplifying element 25 by the second reflection element 21 and the third reflection element 23 in sequence after passing through the polarization splitting element 13, and are reflected and converged by the second reflection amplifying element 25, so that a second sub-image to be displayed is formed on the human eye.
When the electronically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 is used to change the phase of the incident first beam of sub-image light after the control voltage is applied, the process of performing one virtual image display by the augmented reality display system 1 provided in this embodiment is as follows: dividing one image to be displayed into two sub-images to be displayed in the horizontal direction, and respectively recording the two sub-images to be displayed as a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed. As shown in fig. 3, the image display device 50 outputs a first beam of sub-image light according to a first sub-image to be displayed, the first beam of sub-image light being a collimated parallel light beam having a first linear polarization direction. A control voltage is applied to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 and the first beam of sub-image light having the first linear polarization direction is converted by the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11 into the first beam of sub-image light having the second linear polarization direction. The first sub-image light having the second linear polarization direction is reflected by the polarization splitting element 13 to the phase retarder 17. The polarization direction of the first sub-image light having the second linear polarization direction transmitted to the phase retarder 17 is converted into an elliptical polarization direction or a circular polarization direction by the phase retarder 17, and then continues to be transmitted to the first reflective element 19, and is inverted by the first reflective element 19 and then transmitted to the phase retarder 17 again. The first sub-image light of the elliptical polarization direction or the circular polarization direction reflected back from the first reflecting element 19 is converted into the first sub-image light of the non-second linear polarization direction by the phase retarder 17. The first sub-image light ray with the first linear polarization direction in the first sub-image light ray with the non-second linear polarization direction is reflected to the second reflection amplifying element 25 by the second reflection element 21 and the third reflection element 23 in sequence after passing through the polarization splitting element 13, and is reflected and converged by the second reflection amplifying element 25, so as to form a first sub-image to be displayed on the human eye. The image display device 50 outputs a second beam of sub-image light according to the second sub-image to be displayed, the second beam of sub-image light being a collimated parallel light beam having the first linear polarization direction. The second beam of sub-image light having the first linear polarization direction is reflected and converged by the first reflection amplifying element 15 after passing through the polarization splitting element 13 without applying a control voltage to the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11, so as to form a second sub-image to be displayed on the human eye.
In the above process, the process of forming the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed in the human eye is retinal imaging, so that clear imaging can be performed in the whole display field of view. The first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed respectively formed on the human eyes can be spliced into the images to be displayed visually by adjusting the frequency of outputting each sub-image light by the image display device 50 and the time interval of outputting each image to be displayed, and by matching with adjusting the working state of the electrically controlled liquid crystal polarizing element 11, etc., by utilizing the principle of vision residue, as shown in fig. 4.
Real world ambient light enters the human eye through the augmented reality display optical module 10 to form an ambient image.
According to the augmented reality display optical module 10 provided by the embodiment of the invention, through ingenious integration and design of the electric control liquid crystal polarizing element 11, the polarization splitting element 13, the first reflection amplifying element 15, the phase delay plate 17, the first reflection element 19, the second reflection element 21, the third reflection element 23 and the second reflection amplifying element 25, a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed are formed on human eyes, and the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed formed on human eyes are spliced into the images to be displayed in a visual sense of a user by utilizing a visual residual effect. Therefore, the angle of view of the augmented reality display optical module 10 is equal to the sum of the angles of view of the first reflective amplifying element 15 and the second reflective amplifying element 25. And, the resolutions of the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed may be the same and equal to the resolution of the image to be displayed. Therefore, the augmented reality display optical module 10 has a large field of view image display and high resolution, and has a smaller volume than an augmented reality display optical module having a conventional display optical module. Meanwhile, the imaging method of the augmented reality display optical module 10 based on the reflection imaging principle enables images after reflection and convergence to have no chromatic aberration, and the magnified imaging based on beamlets enables the center and the edge of the magnified images to have consistent definition.
Based on the above inventive concept, the specific structure of the augmented reality display system 1 may also be, but is not limited to, as shown in fig. 5 to 9. Since the augmented reality display system 1 shown in fig. 1 includes two similar operating principles shown in fig. 2 and 3, and the operating principles shown in fig. 2 and 3 are the same for the augmented reality display optical module 10. Therefore, in the description of fig. 7 and 9, only the operation principle shown in fig. 2 will be described as an example for the sake of economy. It should be understood that for ease of description, the augmented reality display optical module 10 shown in fig. 1-9 is presented in a monocular form. Those skilled in the art can deduce the structure of the augmented reality display optical module 10 when it is binocular according to the structure shown in fig. 1 to 9.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a block diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to another embodiment. Similar to fig. 1, the difference is that: the second reflecting element 21 is not a planar reflecting element but a concave reflecting element, and the second reflection amplifying element 25 is provided as a function of reflecting and converging an incident divergent light beam. In particular, the reflective working surface of the second reflective element 21 may be a concave reflective curved surface or a reflective diffraction plane having a concave reflective equivalent function. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the reflective working surfaces of the first reflective element 19 and the second reflective element 21 are concave reflective curved surfaces.
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a block diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to another embodiment. Similar to fig. 1, the difference is that: the first and third reflective elements 19 and 23 are concave reflective elements, and the second reflective amplifying element 25 is provided as a function of reflecting and converging an incident divergent light beam. Similarly, in implementation, the reflective working surface of the first reflective element 19 may be a concave reflective curved surface or a reflective diffraction plane with a concave reflective equivalent function. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the reflective working surface of the first reflective element 19 is a concave reflective curved surface.
It can be seen that the third reflective element 23 shown for fig. 5 and 6 is smaller relative to the third reflective element 23 shown in fig. 1. After the user wears the augmented reality display system 1, the third reflective element 23 is close to the nose of the user, so that the smaller the third reflective element 23, the smaller the view field shielding is, and the more comfortable the user wears. Thus, the augmented reality display system 1 shown in fig. 5 and 6 is more comfortable to wear and has a larger field of view than the augmented reality display system 1 shown in fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a block diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to another embodiment. Similar to fig. 1, the difference is that: the second and third reflective elements 21 and 23 are not planar reflective elements, but are concave reflective elements. Similarly, in implementation, the reflective working surfaces of the second reflective element 21 and the third reflective element 23 may be concave reflective curved surfaces or reflective diffraction planes having a concave reflective equivalent function. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the reflective working surfaces of the second and third reflective elements 21 and 23 are concave reflective curved surfaces. In a specific implementation, the focal lengths of the second and third reflective elements 21 and 23 may be designed to be the same, and the distance between the second and third reflective elements 21 and 23 along the optical axis may be made to be a double focal length value. As shown in fig. 7, the focal length of the third reflective element 23 is F5, and the distance along the optical axis between the second reflective element 21 and the third reflective element 23 is L54, l54=2×f3. This design allows the second sub-image light reflected and converted by the second reflecting element 21 and the third reflecting element 23 to have the same image resolution as the second sub-image light outputted from the image display device 50. And when the sizes of the first beam of sub-image light and the second beam of sub-image light are consistent, the design can also enable the reflection diffraction structure of the first reflection amplifying element 15 to be identical to the reflection diffraction structure of the second reflection amplifying element 25, so that the design, the processing cost and the assembly difficulty of each element can be reduced, and the mass production of the augmented reality display optical module 10 is facilitated. Of course, in other embodiments, the focal lengths of the second reflective element 21 and the third reflective element 23 may be different, which is not limited herein.
As shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a block diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to another embodiment. Similar to fig. 1, the difference is that: the first and second reflective amplifying elements 15 and 25 are concave reflective converging elements.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a block diagram of an augmented reality display system 1 according to another embodiment. Similar to fig. 1, the difference is that: the augmented reality display optical module 10 further comprises a polarization conversion element 29. Alternatively, in the present embodiment, the polarization conversion element 29 may be disposed between the polarization splitting element 13 and the second reflecting element 21. It is obvious that in other embodiments, the polarization conversion element 29 may also be disposed between the second reflective element 21 and the third reflective element 23, between the third reflective element 23 and the second reflective amplifying element 25, between the polarization splitting element 13 and the first reflective amplifying element 15, etc. The pi phase retardation can be increased every time the sub-image light having the linear polarization direction passes the polarization conversion element 29, so that the polarization direction of the sub-image light can be converted into a polarization direction orthogonal thereto. For example, in the present embodiment, after the second sub-image light having passed through the polarization splitting element 13 and having passed through the polarization conversion element 29, the polarization direction of the second sub-image light is converted into the second linear polarization direction by the polarization conversion element 29, and the second sub-image light having the second linear polarization direction is reflected by the second reflection element 21 and the third reflection element 23 in sequence, and then transmitted to the second reflection amplifying element 25, and is reflected and converged by the second reflection amplifying element 25, so as to form a second sub-image to be displayed on the human eye.
According to the augmented reality display optical module 10 and the augmented reality display system 1 provided by the embodiment of the invention, through ingenious integration and design of the electric control liquid crystal polarizing element 11, the polarization splitting element 13, the first reflection amplifying element 15, the phase delay plate 17, the first reflection element 19, the second reflection element 21, the third reflection element 23 and the second reflection amplifying element 25, a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed are formed on human eyes, and the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed formed on human eyes are spliced into the images to be displayed in a visual sense of a user by utilizing a visual residual effect. Therefore, the angle of view of the augmented reality display optical module 10 and the augmented reality display system 1 is equal to the sum of the angles of view of the first reflective amplifying element 15 and the second reflective amplifying element 25. And, the resolutions of the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed may be the same and equal to the resolution of the image to be displayed. Therefore, the augmented reality display optical module 10 and the augmented reality display system 1 have high resolution while displaying a large field of view image, and have a smaller volume than those of the conventional display optical module. Meanwhile, the imaging method of the augmented reality display optical module 10 and the augmented reality display system 1 based on the reflection imaging principle enables images after reflection and convergence to have no chromatic aberration, and the center and the edge of the amplified images have consistent definition based on the amplified imaging of beamlets.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The augmented reality display optical module is characterized by comprising an electric control liquid crystal polarizing element, a polarization beam splitting element, a first reflection amplifying element, a phase delay plate, a first reflection element, a second reflection element, a third reflection element and a second reflection amplifying element;
the image display device sequentially outputs a first beam of sub-image light and a second beam of sub-image light of an image to be displayed, wherein the first beam of sub-image light and the second beam of sub-image light are collimated parallel light beams with a first linear polarization direction, each image to be displayed comprises a first sub-image to be displayed and a second sub-image to be displayed, the first beam of sub-image light corresponds to the first sub-image to be displayed, and the second beam of sub-image light corresponds to the second sub-image to be displayed;
the electronic control liquid crystal polarization element is arranged on an emergent light path of the image display device and is used for changing the polarization direction of the incident second beam of sub-image light rays or the first beam of sub-image light rays with the first linear polarization direction into the second linear polarization direction after the control voltage is applied, and the second linear polarization direction is orthogonal to the first linear polarization direction;
the polarization light splitting element is arranged on an emergent light path of the electric control liquid crystal polarization element and is used for transmitting the sub-image light rays in the first linear polarization direction and reflecting the sub-image light rays in the second linear polarization direction;
the first reflection amplifying element is arranged on a first emergent light path of the polarization beam splitting element and is a polarization sensitive reflection converging element, and is used for reflecting and converging a first beam of sub-image light rays or a second beam of sub-image light rays in a first linear polarization direction which penetrate through the polarization beam splitting element so as to form a first sub-image to be displayed or a second sub-image to be displayed on human eyes;
the phase delay sheet is arranged between the second emergent light path of the polarization beam splitting element and the first reflecting element, and is used for converting the polarization direction of the sub-image light rays with the second linear polarization direction reflected by the polarization beam splitting element into an elliptical polarization direction or a circular polarization direction and converting the sub-image light rays with the elliptical polarization direction or the circular polarization direction reflected by the first reflecting element into a non-second linear polarization direction;
the second reflecting element and the third reflecting element are sequentially arranged on a third emergent light path of the polarization beam-splitting element and are used for reflecting the first linear polarization direction sub-image light transmitted through the polarization beam-splitting element to the second reflecting amplifying element;
the second reflection amplifying element is arranged on an emergent light path of the third reflection element and is a polarization sensitive reflection converging element, and is used for reflecting and converging a second beam of sub-image light rays or a first beam of sub-image light rays with a first linear polarization direction reflected by the third reflection element so as to form a second sub-image to be displayed or a first sub-image to be displayed on human eyes;
after the image display device outputs a first beam of sub-image light and a second beam of sub-image light of an image to be displayed, the first sub-image to be displayed and the second sub-image to be displayed formed by human eyes can be spliced into the image to be displayed visually by a user;
the real world ambient light enters the human eye through the augmented reality display optical module to form an ambient image.
2. The augmented reality display optical module of claim 1, wherein the first, second and third reflective elements are planar reflective elements.
3. The augmented reality display optical module of claim 1, wherein the first and third reflective elements are planar reflective elements and the second reflective element is a concave reflective element.
4. The augmented reality display optical module of claim 1, wherein the first and third reflective elements are concave reflective elements and the second reflective element is a planar reflective element.
5. The augmented reality display optical module of claim 1, wherein the first reflective element is a planar reflective element and the second and third reflective elements are concave reflective elements.
6. The augmented reality display optical module of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the first and second reflective amplifying elements are planar reflective diffractive elements.
7. The augmented reality display optical module of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the first and second reflective amplifying elements are concave reflective converging elements.
8. The augmented reality display optical module of any one of claims 1-5, further comprising a polarization conversion element;
the polarization conversion element is arranged between the polarization beam splitting element and the second reflecting element, or between the second reflecting element and the third reflecting element, or between the third reflecting element and the second reflecting amplifying element, or between the polarization beam splitting element and the first reflecting amplifying element.
9. The augmented reality display optical module of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the phase retarder is a 1/4 glass slide.
10. An augmented reality display system comprising an image display device and an augmented reality display optical module according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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