CN108390842A - The receiving handling method of the more character rates of LoRa - Google Patents
The receiving handling method of the more character rates of LoRa Download PDFInfo
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- CN108390842A CN108390842A CN201810163221.9A CN201810163221A CN108390842A CN 108390842 A CN108390842 A CN 108390842A CN 201810163221 A CN201810163221 A CN 201810163221A CN 108390842 A CN108390842 A CN 108390842A
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- lora
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- lead code
- spreading factor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
- H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
- H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
- H04L27/2655—Synchronisation arrangements
- H04L27/2689—Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation
- H04L27/2692—Link with other circuits, i.e. special connections between synchronisation arrangements and other circuits for achieving synchronisation with preamble design, i.e. with negotiation of the synchronisation sequence with transmitter or sequence linked to the algorithm used at the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
- H04B17/318—Received signal strength
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention proposes the receiving handling method of the more character rates of LoRa.Method follows the steps below processing：The LoRa nodes of data to be sent use arbitrary spreading factor, and information source data are dealt into after LoRa band spectrum modulations and are eated dishes without rice or wine.The LoRa node initializing spreading factors of data to be received are 7, continue to monitor RSSI signal strengths of eating dishes without rice or wine, once RSSI is more than threshold value, then it is assumed that eat dishes without rice or wine there are LoRa data.Once detecting valid data, then whether there are LoRa data frame lead codes to detect under current spreading factor using CAD channel detection methods, if detecting effective lead code, enters reception pattern, partial data is received；If effective lead code is not detected, be switched to next spreading factor, continue to detect under this character rate eat dishes without rice or wine whether effective lead code.By lead code quickly detection and the switching under different spreading factors, the reception of the LoRa data of distinct symbols rate is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention proposes a kind of receiving handling method of the more character rates of LoRa, is related to Internet of Things, low-power consumption wide area network
Network field.
Background technology
LoRa is one kind in the LPWAN communication technologys, is the super long distance that Semtech companies are developed based on CSS spread spectrums
From wireless transmission scheme.This scheme changes considered mode about the compromise of transmission range and power consumption in the past, provided to the user
It is a kind of simple to realize remote, long battery life, large capacity system.By in January, 2018, according to LoRa alliances official website
Introduce (https://www.lora-alliance.org/), the existing 67 open deployment including China in the whole world
The country of LoRaWAN networks.
LoRa transmission plans use the LoRa of Semtech to transmit chip at present, and maximum domestic usage amount is SX1278
Chip (https://www.semtech.com/uploads/documents/sx1276.pdf).
LoRa spread-spectrum modulation techniques represent each position of payload information using multiple information chips.Spread spectrum information
Transmission speed is known as character rate（Rs）, and the ratio between spreading rate and nominal symbol rate is spreading factor, table
Show the symbol quantity that each information bit is sent.In chapters and sections《4.1.1.2. Spreading Factor》In have LoRa spreading factors
Specific definition.
The spread spectrum LoRaTM modulation is performed by representing
each bit of payload information by multiple chips of information. The rate at
which the spread information is sent is referred to as the symbol rate (Rs),
the ratio between the nominal symbol rate and chip rate is the spreading
factor and represents the number of symbols sent per bit of information。
From the introduction of LoRa chip handbooks, it can be seen that because being between different spreading factors (SpreadingFactor)
Orthogonality relation, when transmitting terminal uses a spreading factor transmission data, receiving terminal must be configured to identical spreading factor, both sides
Using identical spreading factor, i.e., identical character rate can just receive corresponding data.It is needed in the application of LoRa ad hoc network as a result,
Appoint that the character rate of communication, the node of whole network are all communicated under the same symbol rate.
Chinese invention patent application《CN 106385303 A》And《CN 106255137 A》Individually disclose promotion
The node communication establishing method of the method for LoRa network communication rates, basis is adjusted from low to high by different rates, no
Stop souning out, confirm admissible rate, to establish communication connection.Such communication plan is inefficient, and the present invention provides one kind and is not necessarily to
Precognition current sign rate can carry out more character rate communication means of normal communication.
In addition, Semtech provides the base stations the LoRaWAN scheme (https of SX1301://www.semtech.com/
Products/wireless-rf/lora-gateways/SX1301), the LoRa data of distinct symbols rate can be received simultaneously,
But base station scheme cost is excessively high (price is about 100 times of SX127X chips at present), for major applications resource also mistake
In huge.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes the receiving handling method of the more character rates of LoRa, in the LoRa of low cost
On single channel transmission chip, normal communication can be carried out without predicting current sign rate by realizing.This method specifically includes following
Process：
LoRa frame formats, the frame format is used to include at least lead code, data load two on the LoRa nodes for needing to communicate
Point；
The LoRa nodes of data to be sent use arbitrary spreading factor, and information source data are dealt into sky after LoRa band spectrum modulations
Mouthful；
The LoRa node initializing spreading factors of data to be received are 7, and in reception pattern is continued, it is strong to monitor RSSI signals of eating dishes without rice or wine
Degree, once RSSI is more than threshold value, then it is assumed that eat dishes without rice or wine there are LoRa data；
Once detect valid data, then using the channel detection method of Channel Activity Detection (CAD) come
Whether there are LoRa data frame lead codes under detection current spreading factor, if detecting effective lead code, enter reception pattern,
Partial data is received；If effective lead code is not detected, it is switched to next spreading factor, continues to detect this symbol
Under number rate eat dishes without rice or wine whether effective lead code；By lead code quickly detection and the switching under different spreading factors, realize
The reception of the LoRa data of distinct symbols rate.
Further, the LoRa frame formats, the transmission frame format include at least lead code, data load two parts,
Middle preamble length is set as 8 symbol of representative value, and industry would generally be by preamble length in the typical cases such as LoRaWAN
8 symbol are set as, therefore most of LoRa transmission applications scene can be covered.
Further, the RSSI signal strength judgment methods of eating dishes without rice or wine, threshold value numerical value validation testing are that environment is taken to make an uproar
The average value of sound intensity and node minimum signal strength then shows to eat dishes without rice or wine once RSSI signal strengths of eating dishes without rice or wine are more than the threshold value
Effective LoRa data.
Further, the detection method of the CAD is to be less than to connect on a kind of detectable wireless channel of LoRa chips offer
The operating method for the LoRa lead codes that receipts machine bottom is made an uproar detects and takes about 2 symbol.
Further, the value range of the switching method of the spreading factor, spreading factor is 7 to 12, spreading factor
Switching is carry out sequence switching from SF7 to SF12, is as follows：
CAD preamble detections first are executed using spreading factor SF7, judge whether there be the leading of LoRa data under the spreading factor
Code enters reception pattern, partial data is received if detecting effective lead code；If before being not detected effectively
Leading code then executes next step；
In next step CAD preamble detections are executed using spreading factor SF8.Judge whether there are LoRa data under the spreading factor
Lead code enters reception pattern, partial data is received if detecting effective lead code；If be not detected
Lead code is imitated, then executes next step；
And so on, carry out the CAD detections of spreading factor SF9, SF10, SF11, SF12 respectively, judge under the spreading factor whether
There is the lead code of LoRa data, if detecting effective lead code, enters reception pattern, partial data is received；Such as
Effective lead code is not detected in fruit, then executes next step；
When being switched to SF9, before the preamble detections of several steps take and taken equal to (1+0.5) a symbol under SF9, therefore
Lead code, which there remains 6.5 symbol, can carry out CAD detections；
When being switched to SF10, before the preamble detections of several steps take equal to (1+0.5+0.25) a symbol consumptions under SF10
When, therefore lead code there remains 6.25 symbol can carry out CAD detections；
When being switched to SF11, before several steps preamble detection take it is a equal to (1+0.5+0.25+0.125) under SF10
Symbol takes, therefore lead code there remains 6.125 symbol can carry out CAD detections；
When being switched to SF12, before the preamble detections of several steps take equal to (the 1+0.5+0.25+0.125+ under SF10
0.0625) a symbol takes, therefore lead code there remains 6.0625 symbol can carry out CAD detections；
Pass through the method, so that it may in the symbol of the 8 of LoRa lead codes under all spreading factors eat dishes without rice or wine signal all into
Capture of having gone detects, if a certain spreading factor has data, can be detected by CAD, and then receive partial data, to realize
Reception to the more character rate data of LoRa.
The present invention switches spreading factor using above-mentioned sequence, in conjunction with the method that CAD monitors LoRa lead codes, realizes pair
The reception of optional sign rate LoRa data.The symbol could be received compared to the precognition current sign rate introduced in background technology
The application method of number rate LoRa data, substantially increases flexibility.In the extensive meshed network of adaptation rate, and
Larger effect can be played in the applications such as the packet sniffing of the unknown rates of LoRa.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the work flow diagram that the more character rates of LoRa of the present invention receive processing；
Fig. 2 is the preferable example figure for switching spreading factor in the present invention and capturing lead code；
Specific implementation mode
In order to make technical scheme of the present invention be more clearly understood, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, to the present invention into advance one
Step is described in detail.Assume that sending node carries out data transmissions using spreading factor for 10 in the present embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the work flow diagram that the more character rates of LoRa of the present invention receive processing.
In a step 101, the LoRa node initializing spreading factors of data to be received are 7, in reception pattern is continued, are supervised
Survey is eated dishes without rice or wine RSSI signal strengths.
In a step 102, once RSSI signal strengths of eating dishes without rice or wine are more than threshold value, then it is assumed that eat dishes without rice or wine have LoRa data.At this time
The RSSI signal strengths of receiving node acquisition have been more than threshold value, therefore, it is considered that eating dishes without rice or wine have LoRa data.
In step 103, receiving node uses the channel detection method of Channel Activity Detection (CAD)
Whether there are LoRa data frame lead codes to detect under current spreading factor.
At step 104, receiving node judges CAD's as a result, if detecting effective lead code, enters step 105；
If effective lead code is not detected, it is switched to next spreading factor, continues the CAD detections of step 103.
In step 105, receiving node confirms that current spreading factor is consistent with spreading factor used in data of actually eating dishes without rice or wine, into
Enter reception pattern, receives lower complete data packet.
Fig. 2 is the preferable example figure of the switching spreading factor capture lead code in the present invention, i.e. step 103 and step
Refinement flow in 104.
Sending node is 10 progress data transmissions using spreading factor in example.
Receiving node executes CAD preamble detections using spreading factor SF7 first, and effective lead code is not detected, cuts
Change to spreading factor SF8.
Then CAD preamble detections are executed using spreading factor SF8, effective lead code is not detected, be switched to spread spectrum
Factor S F9.Since the CAD of first step SF7 consumes the duration of 2 symbol, for SF8, it is equivalent to and consumes
The duration of 1symbols.Therefore under present rate, there remains the lead code of 7 symbol can be detected by CAD.
CAD preamble detections are executed using spreading factor SF9 in next step, effective lead code is not detected, is switched to expansion
Frequency factor S F10.Lead code, which there remains 6.5 symbol, at this time can carry out CAD detections.
CAD preamble detections are executed using spreading factor SF10 in next step again, detect effective lead code, are confirmed current
Eat dishes without rice or wine data frame using spreading factor SF be 10.Receiving node enters reception pattern, and partial data is received.
The present invention detects valid data of eating dishes without rice or wine using above-mentioned RSSI, and then sequence switching spreading factor, monitors in conjunction with CAD
The method of LoRa lead codes realizes the reception to optional sign rate LoRa data.It is pre- compared to what is introduced in background technology
Know that current sign rate could receive the application method of character rate LoRa data, substantially increases flexibility.Adaptive
Larger effect can be played in the applications such as the packet sniffing of the unknown rate of extensive meshed network and LoRa of rate.
Although specifically showing and describing invention in conjunction with example is preferably implemented, those skilled in the art should be bright
In vain, it is not departing from the spirit and scope invented defined by the appended claims, it in the form and details can be to hair
It is bright to make a variety of changes, it is the protection domain of invention.
Claims (5)
- The receiving handling method of the more character rates of 1.LoRa, which is characterized in that including following procedure：LoRa frame formats, the frame format is used to include at least lead code, data load two on the LoRa nodes for needing to communicate Point；The LoRa nodes of data to be sent use arbitrary spreading factor, and information source data are dealt into sky after LoRa band spectrum modulations Mouthful；The LoRa node initializing spreading factors of data to be received are 7, and in reception pattern is continued, it is strong to monitor RSSI signals of eating dishes without rice or wine Degree, once RSSI is more than threshold value, then it is assumed that eat dishes without rice or wine there are LoRa data；Once detect valid data, then using the channel detection method of Channel Activity Detection (CAD) come Whether there are LoRa data frame lead codes under detection current spreading factor, if detecting effective lead code, enter reception pattern, Partial data is received；If effective lead code is not detected, it is switched to next spreading factor, continues to detect this symbol Under number rate eat dishes without rice or wine whether effective lead code；By lead code quickly detection and the switching under different spreading factors, realize The reception of the LoRa data of distinct symbols rate.
- 2. the receiving handling method of the more character rates of LoRa according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the LoRa frames lattice Formula, the transmission frame format include at least lead code, data load two parts, and wherein preamble length is set as 8 symbol, industry Boundary would generally set preamble length in the typical cases such as LoRaWAN 8 symbol, therefore can cover most of LoRa Transmission application scene.
- 3. the receiving handling method of the more character rates of LoRa according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the RSSI letters of eating dishes without rice or wine Number intensity judgment method, threshold value numerical value validation testing are to take being averaged for environmental noise level and node minimum signal strength Value then shows effective LoRa data of eating dishes without rice or wine once RSSI signal strengths of eating dishes without rice or wine are more than the threshold value.
- 4. the receiving handling method of the more character rates of LoRa according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the detection of the CAD Method is the operating method for the LoRa lead codes made an uproar less than receiver bottom on a kind of detectable wireless channel of LoRa chips offer, Detection takes about 2 symbol.
- 5. the switching method of spreading factor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the switching method of the spreading factor, The value range of spreading factor is 7 to 12, and the switching of spreading factor is carry out sequence switching, specific steps packet from SF7 to SF12 It includes：CAD preamble detections first are executed using spreading factor SF7, judge whether there be the leading of LoRa data under the spreading factor Code enters reception pattern, partial data is received if detecting effective lead code；If before being not detected effectively Leading code then executes next step；In next step CAD preamble detections are executed using spreading factor SF8.Judge whether there are LoRa data under the spreading factor Lead code enters reception pattern, partial data is received if detecting effective lead code；If be not detected Lead code is imitated, then executes next step；And so on, carry out the CAD detections of spreading factor SF9, SF10, SF11, SF12 respectively, judge under the spreading factor whether There is the lead code of LoRa data, if detecting effective lead code, enters reception pattern, partial data is received；Such as Effective lead code is not detected in fruit, then executes next step；When being switched to SF9, before the preamble detections of several steps take and taken equal to (1+0.5) a symbol under SF9, therefore Lead code, which there remains 6.5 symbol, can carry out CAD detections；When being switched to SF10, before the preamble detections of several steps take equal to (1+0.5+0.25) a symbol consumptions under SF10 When, therefore lead code there remains 6.25 symbol can carry out CAD detections；When being switched to SF11, before several steps preamble detection take it is a equal to (1+0.5+0.25+0.125) under SF10 Symbol takes, therefore lead code there remains 6.125 symbol can carry out CAD detections；When being switched to SF12, before the preamble detections of several steps take equal to (the 1+0.5+0.25+0.125+ under SF10 0.0625) a symbol takes, therefore lead code there remains 6.0625 symbol can carry out CAD detections.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110572843A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-13 | 陈小艺 | Sniffing method and system based on LoRa wireless module CAD mode |
| CN111194073A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-05-22 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Data receiving or transmitting method, device, terminal and readable storage medium |
| KR20200098003A (en) * | 2019-02-11 | 2020-08-20 | 충북대학교 산학협력단 | Method and Apparatus for Controlling Adaptive Spreading Factor |
| CN112788667A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-11 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | LoRa data transmission method, device, system, equipment and storage medium |
| CN113098557A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-07-09 | 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 | Data frame transmitting/receiving method, system and modulation negotiation method thereof |
| CN113098556A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-07-09 | 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 | Data modulation negotiation method, system and terminal |
| CN114613081A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-06-10 | 郑州大学 | Self-service inspection result printing device based on wireless communication |
| CN114828161A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-07-29 | 江苏南能电气有限公司 | Self-networking method and upgrading system for Lora equipment |
| JP7606837B2 (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2024-12-26 | パナソニックホールディングス株式会社 | Terminal, base station, and control method |
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| JP7606837B2 (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2024-12-26 | パナソニックホールディングス株式会社 | Terminal, base station, and control method |
| CN110572843B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2022-06-28 | 陈小艺 | Sniffing method and system based on LoRa wireless module CAD mode |
| CN110572843A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-13 | 陈小艺 | Sniffing method and system based on LoRa wireless module CAD mode |
| CN112788667A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-11 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | LoRa data transmission method, device, system, equipment and storage medium |
| CN113098556A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-07-09 | 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 | Data modulation negotiation method, system and terminal |
| CN113098557A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-07-09 | 北京全路通信信号研究设计院集团有限公司 | Data frame transmitting/receiving method, system and modulation negotiation method thereof |
| CN114613081A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-06-10 | 郑州大学 | Self-service inspection result printing device based on wireless communication |
| CN114613081B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-12-13 | 郑州大学 | Self-service inspection result printing device based on wireless communication |
| CN114828161A (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2022-07-29 | 江苏南能电气有限公司 | Self-networking method and upgrading system for Lora equipment |
| CN114828161B (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2023-04-25 | 江苏南能电气有限公司 | Lora equipment ad hoc network method and upgrading system |
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Application publication date: 20180810 |
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