CN108376717A - Preparation method of photovoltaic module laminated structure, laminated structure and photovoltaic module - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a photovoltaic module laminate structure, a laminate structure, and a photovoltaic module, which are prepared by a lamination process, wherein the lamination process includes a first heating stage, a second heating stage, and a third pressurized cooling stage, wherein the heating temperature range of the first stage is 110-130°C, and the heating time range is 100-600 seconds; the heating temperature range of the second stage is 131-200°C, and the heating time range is 100-1200 seconds; the cooling temperature range of the third stage is 25-60°C, and the applied pressure range is 0.05-0.25Mpa. The invention realizes a lamination process in a low temperature environment, reduces energy consumption, and ensures the flatness of the laminate structure of the photovoltaic module, further facilitating the installation, implementation, and application of the photovoltaic module.

Description

Method for preparing laminated structure of photovoltaic module, laminated structure, photovoltaic module

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of photovoltaics, and in particular relates to a method for preparing a laminated structure of a photovoltaic module. The invention also relates to the application of the laminated structure of a photovoltaic module and the photovoltaic module.

Background technique

In the current society, energy conflicts and environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent, and the development of various types of clean energy is an inevitable trend. In recent years, the photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly, and technological updates have been gradually accelerated. At present, the photovoltaic industry is developing towards product diversification. The research and development of various functional components with high reliability, high power and low installation cost has become a direction for the development of photovoltaic components.

Solar photovoltaic power generation relies on solar cells to convert light energy directly into electricity. In the past ten years, the total global output of photovoltaic cells has increased at an average annual growth rate of more than 40%. By the end of 2012, the installed capacity of global photovoltaic power generation systems had reached 100GW. It is estimated that photovoltaic power generation will account for 10% of the world's energy supply in 2030, making substantial contributions to the world's energy supply and energy structure.

As a packaging material used in the photovoltaic field, it is required to have anti-ultraviolet, anti-aging and other properties. As shown in Figure 1, the existing typical laminated structure of photovoltaic modules (usually also called laminates) is obtained by successively tempering ultra-white steel Embossed glass 21, first EVA film 22, solar battery string 23, second EVA film 24 and back plate 25 are laminated and laminated, wherein: ultra-clear tempered embossed glass has a density of 2.5g/cm ³ , And its commonly used thickness is 3.2mm, so the weight of the toughened glass glass is as high as 8Kg per square meter. The photovoltaic modules assembled by the laminated structure of the photovoltaic modules are usually of high quality, and their weight reaches more than 10Kg per square meter. When installing the supporting structure, the weight of the photovoltaic module per square meter is at least 12Kg. When it is applied on the top of the building or on the wall, it puts forward higher requirements for the supporting structure of the photovoltaic module, which increases the difficulty of engineering construction and installation. The cost is specifically manifested in: during the installation process on the top of the building or on the wall, there are heavy weights, labor-intensive installation, and difficult implementation; especially in some occasions, due to the limitation of the building's load-bearing load, it is impossible to install photovoltaic modules. At the same time, the existing photovoltaic module packaging structure has a single appearance and is not easy to change to meet the aesthetic requirements of different buildings.

At present, there are some technical solutions that try to solve the problem of lightweight photovoltaic modules by changing the packaging materials, that is, using high-transmittance films and transparent backplanes instead of tempered glass. Most of the boards only use EVA, POE and other adhesive films. Such encapsulated photovoltaic modules cannot meet the technical standards of the photovoltaic industry in terms of impact resistance and fire resistance.

There are also some technical solutions disclosed for reducing the weight of photovoltaic modules. For example, the Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN102516852A discloses a weather-resistant, high-thermal-conductivity coating and a heat-dissipating solar backsheet, but the coating requires a large amount of Solvents are very polluting to the environment and do not meet the environmental protection standards. Another example is the Chinese invention patent with the publication number CN102610680A disclosing a solar battery backsheet with UV-cured weather-resistant coating, but the liquid coating process it adopts is relatively complicated, the defect rate is high, and the equipment investment is large. Another example is that publication numbers CN102712184A, CN103346182A, CN102969382B, CN101290950B, CN103958196A and a series of Chinese invention patents all adopt fluoropolymers, but fluoropolymers are expensive and increase production costs. It is only a material for photovoltaic backplanes, which is opaque, has low hardness and weak rigidity, and is not suitable for replacing the existing tempered glass.

The prior art closest to the present invention is the Chinese patent with the publication number CN105637653A, which discloses a photovoltaic panel and a method for manufacturing the photovoltaic panel, specifically adopting epoxy-based acrylate and using Glass fiber-reinforced plastic is used as the encapsulation material for the bright side and the back light side of the solar cell string. Although this method solves the problem of heavy weight of the encapsulation material for the laminated structure of photovoltaic modules, all of them use expensive acrylate as the packaging material. Encapsulation materials are not only costly, but also cause the color of photovoltaic modules to be single. This technology also has high lamination temperature and high energy consumption during the lamination process, and the laminated structure of photovoltaic modules obtained is curved, has a certain curvature, and is uneven. It is not conducive to the installation and implementation of photovoltaic modules, and affects the appearance.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a way to solve the problems of heavy weight, high cost, cumbersome lamination process and poor lamination effect of the packaging material in the existing photovoltaic module laminated structure, while meeting the requirements of UV resistance, aging resistance and impact resistance. , fire protection, anti-insulation and other photovoltaic industry technical standards.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a laminated structure of photovoltaic modules, which realizes the lamination process in a low-temperature environment, reduces energy consumption, and ensures the flatness of the laminated structure of photovoltaic modules at the same time. It is convenient for installation and application of photovoltaic modules.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a laminated structure of photovoltaic modules, which not only has low cost, but also effectively solves the problem of It improves the lightweight of photovoltaic module packaging materials, improves the convenience of installation, and reduces the installation cost. It is very suitable for large-scale promotion and application in the photovoltaic field.

Before introducing the technical solution of the present invention, it is necessary for the applicant to introduce the development origin of the technical solution of the present invention. Based on years of professional knowledge accumulated in the field of photovoltaic packaging and a large number of experiments, the inventors of the present applicant have found that the packaging materials used in the laminated structure of photovoltaic modules not only need to be light in weight and low in cost, but also need to meet the requirements of UV resistance, aging resistance, The technical standards of the photovoltaic industry, such as impact resistance and fire prevention, also need to facilitate the installation of subsequent photovoltaic modules. However, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN105637653A discloses the use of acrylate containing epoxy groups and plastics reinforced with glass fibers as the package. material, but acrylate is expensive, which directly leads to an increase in the cost of photovoltaic modules, which is unacceptable to the photovoltaic industry; furthermore, the patented lamination process uses lamination at 150-200°C under a certain pressure, resulting in the obtained The laminated structure of the photovoltaic module is curved, has a certain radian, and is uneven, which is not conducive to the installation and implementation of the photovoltaic module, and affects the appearance; at the same time, the patent uses acrylate powder containing epoxy groups to apply to the glass fiber, in order to improve The connection between the two only adopts the tempering process, and the uniformity and density of the powder coating cannot be guaranteed, which will affect the performance of the encapsulation layer in anti-ultraviolet, anti-aging, impact resistance, fire prevention, and anti-insulation. above factors.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention has finally discovered through a large number of experiments and combined with theoretical knowledge that the key points of the packaging material used as the surface light layer need to have good performances such as ultraviolet resistance, anti-aging, and impact resistance, and the key points of the packaging material used as the backlight layer It needs to have good impact resistance, fire prevention, insulation and other properties, so that it can meet the requirements of the technical standards of the photovoltaic industry, and the applicant has tested different materials. The conventional epoxy, polyurethane, epoxy/polyester hybrid system All can't meet above-mentioned requirement, and the cost of fluorocarbon powder coating is too high equally, and the applicant finds surprisingly that when controlling the relevant parameter range of super-weather-resistant polyester resin (glass transition temperature and viscosity and hydroxyl value and acid value range), the super-weather-resistant polyester obtained after cross-linking and curing can meet the requirements of the technical standards of the photovoltaic industry as the encapsulation material for the surface light layer and the backlight layer. Of course, due to the good light transmission of acrylic powder coatings, Acrylic powder coating is still the preferred material as the encapsulation material of the finish layer alone, and can also meet the requirements of technical standards;

It needs to be pointed out that unfortunately, the Chinese patent method with the publication number CN105637653A does not specifically disclose the ratio of raw materials by weight of acrylate containing epoxy groups to glass fibers and the density of acrylate containing epoxy groups in glass fibers. , and the applicant found through a large number of experiments that these technical contents are also the key factors to meet the strength of the packaging material and meet the photovoltaic technology standards. If the weight part of acrylate on the glass fiber is too low, it cannot meet the packaging technical requirements. If it is too high, the material cost will be high.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

A method for preparing a laminated structure of a photovoltaic module, the laminated structure includes a first encapsulation layer, a solar cell string and a second encapsulation layer, and the first encapsulation layer is composed of 30-50 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 50- 70 parts by weight of the first packaging powder coating is prepared, and the first packaging powder coating is evenly coated on the fiber cloth; the second packaging layer is composed of 30-50 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 50- 70 parts by weight of the second encapsulation powder coating is prepared, and the second encapsulation powder coating is evenly coated on the fiber cloth;

The laminated structure of the photovoltaic module is prepared by a lamination process, wherein the lamination process includes a first heating stage, a second heating stage and a third pressurized cooling stage, and the heating temperature range of the first stage is 110- 130°C, the heating time range is 100-600 seconds; the second stage heating temperature range is 131-200°C, the heating time range is 100-1200 seconds; the third stage cooling temperature range is 25-60°C, and the applied pressure range 0.05-0.25Mpa.

Preferably, the first packaged powder coating is acrylic powder coating or super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating, and the second packaged powder coating is acrylic powder coating or super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating; the acrylic powder coating includes Acrylic resin and acrylic resin curing agent, the super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating includes super-weather-resistant polyester resin and super-weather-resistant polyester resin curing agent; the fiber cloth is made by weaving fiber materials.

Preferably, the first package powder coating is acrylic powder coating or super weather-resistant polyester powder coating, and the second package powder coating is super weather-resistant polyester powder coating; the acrylic powder coating includes acrylic resin and acrylic Resin curing agent, the super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating includes super-weather-resistant polyester resin and super-weather-resistant polyester resin curing agent; the fiber cloth is made by weaving fiber materials.

Preferably, the preparation method of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer includes the following steps:

a), uniformly coating the first packaged powder coating or the second packaged powder coating on the fiber cloth by a coating device;

b) thermally bonding the first packaged powder coating or the second packaged powder coating to the fiber cloth by applying pressure and heating;

c), carrying out segmental cutting of the thermally bonded powder coating and fiber cloth in step b);

d) Obtain the first encapsulation layer or the second encapsulation layer; wherein, the pressure range of the thermal bonding process is 0.05-0.25Mpa, and the heating temperature range of the thermal bonding process is 90-130°C , The heating time range is 5-20 seconds.

Preferably, the weight portion of the acrylic resin curing agent accounts for 5-25% of the weight portion of the acrylic powder coating, and the curing agent is blocked isocyanate, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, sebacic acid, Any one of monodecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, carboxyl polyester, hydrogenated epoxy, GMA acrylic acid Or a mixture of several random proportions.

Preferably, the acrylic powder coating also includes an auxiliary agent, the weight portion of the auxiliary agent accounts for 5-50% of the weight portion of the acrylic powder coating, and the auxiliary agent is polyamide wax, polyolefin wax, Amide-modified phenol urea surfactant, benzoin, polydimethylsiloxane, vinyltrichlorosilane, n-butyltriethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, monoalkoxy pyrophosphate, Acrylics, phenolic resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins, distearyl ethylenediamine, mixtures of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, hindered phenols, diester thiodipropionate, benzophenone, salicyl Any one of ester derivatives, hindered amines, alumina, fumed silica, and silicon dioxide or a mixture of several in any proportion.

Preferably, the super-weather-resistant polyester resin is hydroxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resin or carboxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resin, the glass transition temperature range is 50-75°C, the viscosity range is 15-200Pa·s, and the hydroxyl The hydroxyl value range of the super weather-resistant polyester resin is 30-300 mgKOH/g, and the acid value range of the carboxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resin is 15-85 mgKOH/g.

Preferably, the super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating also includes an auxiliary agent, the weight of the auxiliary agent accounts for 3-40% of the weight of the super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating, and the auxiliary agent is polyamide Waxes, polyolefin waxes, amide-modified phenol urea surfactants, benzoin, polydimethylsiloxane, vinyltrichlorosilane, n-butyltriethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, monoalkane Oxygen pyrophosphate, acrylates, phenolic resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin, distearyl ethylenediamine, mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, hindered phenol, thiodipropionate diester, Benzophenone, salicylate derivatives, hindered amines, alumina, fumed silica, tetrabromobisphenol A, decabromodiphenylethane, tricresyl phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, barium sulfate , titanium dioxide, carbon black any one or a mixture of several random proportions.

Preferably, a laminated structure of a photovoltaic module, wherein said laminated structure is obtained by the above-mentioned preparation method.

Preferably, in order to further enhance weather resistance, the laminated structure includes a fluoroplastic film layer, and the fluoroplastic film layer is located above the first encapsulation layer.

Preferably, in order to provide toughness protection for the solar cell strings, the laminated structure includes an encapsulation film layer, and the encapsulation film layer can be separately arranged between the first encapsulation layer and the solar cell strings or between the solar cell strings and the second encapsulation layer, or between the first encapsulation layer and the solar cell strings and between the solar cell strings and the between the second encapsulation layer. Further preferably, the encapsulation film layer involved in this patent can be made of EVA, POE or PVB materials, of course, those skilled in the art can also use other suitable encapsulation film materials according to the actual situation.

It should be noted that the EVA in this patent text refers to ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, which is obtained by copolymerization of ethylene (E) and vinyl acetate (VA). The English name is: Ethylene Vinyl Acetate, referred to as EVA; POE appearing in this patent text refers to polyolefin elastomer, the English name is Polyolefin Elastomer, referred to as POE; PVB appearing in this patent text refers to polyvinyl butyral, and its English name is Polyvinyl Butyral, referred to as PVB.

Preferably, in order to increase the insulation performance of the photovoltaic module and reduce water vapor transmission, the laminated structure includes a backsheet layer, and the backsheet layer is located below the second encapsulation layer.

Preferably, a photovoltaic module includes a laminated structure, a connector and a junction box, and the electrical connection between the laminated structure and the junction box is realized through the connector, wherein the photovoltaic module includes a laminated photovoltaic module as described above structure.

Preferably, the connector includes a crimping terminal and a heat shrinkable sleeve, the cables at both ends of the connector are snapped into the crimping terminal, and the heat shrinkable sleeve surrounds the crimping terminal.

The working principle and advantages of the present invention: the present invention proposes a lamination process for the laminated structure of photovoltaic modules, specifically setting the lamination process as the first heating stage, the second heating stage and the third pressurized cooling stage, wherein the first The setting of the heating stage allows the first packaged powder coating and the second packaged powder coating to have enough time to melt, level, and fully remove air bubbles, and the setting of the second heating stage allows the first packaged powder coating and the second packaged powder coating to complete fully Cross-linking and curing, while the critical third pressurized cooling stage balances the cooling speed and shrinkage rate of different materials in the laminated structure of photovoltaic modules to obtain a flat module, and finally realizes the lamination process in a low-temperature environment, Energy consumption is reduced, while the flatness of the laminated structure of the photovoltaic module is ensured, and the installation and application of the photovoltaic module is further facilitated while taking into account the aesthetic appearance.

The present invention further proposes to use 30-50 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 50-70 parts by weight of acrylic powder coating or super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating uniformly coated on the fiber cloth as the first encapsulation layer material of the photovoltaic module. -50 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 50-70 parts by weight of super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating evenly coated on the fiber cloth as the first encapsulation layer material of photovoltaic modules, when the super-weather-resistant polyester resin controls the glass transition temperature and When the viscosity, hydroxyl value and acid value are within the range, the super weather-resistant polyester obtained after cross-linking and curing is coated on the fiber cloth and used as the packaging material for the surface light layer and the back light layer, which can meet the requirements of the technical standards of the photovoltaic industry. Because the cost of super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating is much lower than the cost of acrylic powder coating, and the present invention adopts the powder coating and the fiber cloth of suitable weight ratio range, and adopts uniform coating, meets anti-ultraviolet, anti-aging, anti-impact like this Under the premise of photovoltaic industry technical standards such as fire protection, anti-insulation, etc., the lightweight of photovoltaic module packaging materials is effectively realized, and the manufacturing cost is low. It replaces the traditional packaging structure of tempered glass and provides certain rigidity for photovoltaic modules. Protecting photovoltaic cells, in this way, can not only greatly reduce the weight of photovoltaic modules, thus adapting to the installation of photovoltaic power generation products in more occasions, but also reduce the labor intensity of product installation and improve the convenience of installation, reducing the overall cost of photovoltaic The installation cost of the components.

After exploring through a large number of experiments, the present invention further proposes that the super-weather-resistant polyester resin is hydroxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resin or carboxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resin, and the glass transition temperature range is controlled at 50-75°C, and the viscosity range is controlled at 15-200Pa. s; when using hydroxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resin, its hydroxyl value range needs to be controlled within 30-300mgKOH/g; Effectively ensure the performance of super weather-resistant polyester powder coatings in anti-ultraviolet, anti-aging, impact resistance, fire prevention, anti-insulation, etc., and the material cost is much lower than that of acrylic resin.

The present invention also coats the first encapsulation powder coating or the second encapsulation powder coating on the fiber cloth evenly by the coating device, and the use of the coating device can ensure that the first encapsulation powder coating or the second encapsulation powder coating is on the fiber cloth uniform coating effect, and then pre-adhere the first encapsulation powder coating or the second encapsulation powder coating to the fiber cloth by pressurization and heating, and finally cut in sections to obtain the first encapsulation layer and the first encapsulation layer of the photovoltaic module with a suitable size The second encapsulation layer, in this way, can realize any change in the encapsulation size of the laminated structure of the photovoltaic module to meet the installation requirements of different buildings, and further facilitate the installation and application of the photovoltaic module.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the laminated structure schematic diagram of existing typical photovoltaic module;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the lamination structure schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the lamination structure schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module of embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the laminated structure schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module of embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 5 is the lamination structure schematic diagram of the 4 volt module of the embodiment of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 6 is the lamination structure schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module of embodiment 5 of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 7 is the lamination structure schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module of embodiment 6 of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 8 is the lamination structure schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module of embodiment 7 of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 9 is the lamination structure schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module of embodiment 8 of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the preparation equipment for the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer of the photovoltaic module under the specific embodiment of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 11 is a schematic diagram of the lamination process structure arrangement of the lamination structure of the photovoltaic module shown in Fig. 8;

Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of a connector of a photovoltaic module in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for preparing a laminated structure of a photovoltaic module. The laminated structure includes a first encapsulation layer, a solar cell string and a second encapsulation layer. The first encapsulation layer is composed of 30-50 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 50- 70 parts by weight of the first packaging powder coating is prepared, and the first packaging powder coating is evenly coated on the fiber cloth; the second packaging layer is prepared by 30-50 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 50-70 parts by weight of the second packaging powder coating The second encapsulation powder coating is evenly coated on the fiber cloth; the laminated structure of the photovoltaic module is prepared by a lamination process, wherein the lamination process includes the first heating stage, the second heating stage and the third heating stage. In the pressure cooling stage, the heating temperature range of the first stage is 110-130°C, and the heating time range is 100-600 seconds; the heating temperature range of the second stage is 131-200°C, and the heating time range is 100-1200 seconds; the third stage The cooling temperature range of the stage is 25-60°C, and the applied pressure range is 0.05-0.25Mpa.

The embodiment of the present invention proposes the lamination process of the laminated structure of photovoltaic modules. Specifically, the lamination process is set as the first heating stage, the second heating stage, and the third pressurized cooling stage, wherein the setting of the first heating stage makes the second The first encapsulation powder coating and the second encapsulation powder coating have enough time to melt, level, and fully remove air bubbles. The setting of the second heating stage makes the first encapsulation powder coating and the second encapsulation powder coating fully cross-linked and cured, while The critical third pressurized cooling stage balances the cooling speed and shrinkage rate of different materials in the laminated structure of photovoltaic modules to obtain a flat module, and finally realizes the lamination process in a low-temperature environment, reducing energy consumption while ensuring The flatness of the laminated structure of the photovoltaic module is ensured, and the installation and application of the photovoltaic module is further facilitated while taking into account the aesthetic appearance.

The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a laminated structure of a photovoltaic module, and the laminated structure is obtained by the above-mentioned preparation method.

The embodiment of the present invention also discloses a photovoltaic module, including a laminated structure, a connector and a junction box, and the electrical connection between the laminated structure and the junction box is realized through the connector, wherein the photovoltaic module includes the layers of the photovoltaic module as described above Compared with conventional photovoltaic modules in the prior art that use standard quick electrical connection joints, the cost is high, but the connection machine structure of the embodiment of the present invention can make the electrical connection reliable and low in cost.

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments described in the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Example 1:

Please refer to FIG. 2, a laminated structure of a photovoltaic module, the laminated structure includes a first encapsulation layer 11a, a solar cell string 13a and a second encapsulation layer 14a, wherein,

Preferably, in order to further enhance weather resistance, the laminated structure includes a fluoroplastic film layer, and the fluoroplastic film layer is located above the first encapsulation layer. Preferably, in order to provide toughness protection for the solar cell strings, the laminated structure includes an encapsulation film layer, and the encapsulation film layer can be separately arranged between the first encapsulation layer and the solar cell strings or between the solar cell strings and the second encapsulation layer, It can also be arranged between the first encapsulation layer and the solar battery string and between the solar battery string and the second encapsulation layer at the same time. Further preferably, the encapsulation film layer involved in this patent can be made of EVA, POE or PVB materials, of course, those skilled in the art can also use other suitable encapsulation film materials according to the actual situation. Preferably, in order to increase the insulation performance of the photovoltaic module and reduce water vapor transmission, the laminated structure includes a backsheet layer, and the backsheet layer is located below the second encapsulation layer.

Therefore, in combination with the above paragraph, those skilled in the art can select a specific laminated structure of photovoltaic modules according to actual needs. Of course, other types of material layers can also be provided. As long as the core technical features of the present invention are adopted, these are all Within the protection scope of the present invention. The following embodiments of the present invention are merely examples of some preferred laminate structures of photovoltaic modules.

Specifically, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 , the laminated structure further includes a first encapsulation film layer 12a, and the first encapsulation film layer 12a is located between the first encapsulation layer 11a and the solar battery string 13a. Further preferably, the first packaging film layer 12a is made of EVA material.

The first encapsulation layer is prepared by 30-50 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 50-70 parts by weight of the first encapsulation powder coating, and the first encapsulation powder coating is evenly coated on the fiber cloth; the second encapsulation layer is made of 30-50 parts by weight Parts of fiber cloth and 50-70 parts by weight of the second encapsulation powder coating are prepared, and the second encapsulation powder coating is evenly coated on the fiber cloth. It is known through a large number of experimental results that it is more preferred that the first encapsulation layer consists of 35-45 Parts by weight of fiber cloth and 55-65 parts by weight of the first encapsulation powder coating, the second encapsulation layer is prepared from 35-45 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 55-65 parts by weight of the second encapsulation powder coating, specifically, in In this embodiment, the first encapsulation layer is prepared from 30 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 70 parts by weight of the first encapsulation powder coating, and the second encapsulation layer is prepared from 50 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 50 parts by weight of the second encapsulation powder coating ;

Wherein, the fiber cloth is made by weaving fiber materials. Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the fiber cloth is made of fiber materials using any one or several weaving methods of plain weave, twill weave, satin weave, rib weave or mat weave. Specifically, in this embodiment, the fiber cloth is made of fiber material by plain weaving. Of course, those skilled in the art can choose other known weaving methods according to actual needs;

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the weight per unit area of the fiber cloth is in the range of 30-400g/m ² , while ensuring the strength of the fiber cloth, the weight of the fiber cloth is ensured. Specifically, in this embodiment, the fiber The weight per unit area of the cloth is 100g/m ² ; preferably, the weight per unit area of the first packaged powder coating and the second packaged powder coating coated on the fiber cloth is in the range of 70-400g/m ² , specifically, in this implementation In the method, the unit area weight of the first package powder coating on the fiber cloth is 233g/m ² , and the unit area weight of the second package powder coating on the fiber cloth is 100g/m ² ;

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the fiber material is any one or a combination of glass fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber, so as to ensure that the fiber cloth has good insulation and weather resistance, and meets the requirements of photovoltaic related standards Specifically, most preferably, in this embodiment, the fiber material is glass fiber. Of course, those skilled in the art can choose other types of fiber materials according to actual needs, and the embodiments of the present invention will not be described one by one;

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the monofilament diameter of the fiber material is in the range of 3-23 μm. Specifically, in this embodiment, the monofilament diameter of the fiber material is 5 μm, which facilitates the weaving of the fiber material and facilitates obtaining the obtained The weight per unit area of the required fiber cloth;

The first packaging powder coating is acrylic powder coating or super weather-resistant polyester powder coating, specifically, in this embodiment, the first packaging powder coating is acrylic powder coating, and the acrylic powder coating includes acrylic resin and acrylic resin curing agent, preferably , in the embodiment of the present invention, the refractive index range of the acrylic resin is 1.40-1.50, the epoxy equivalent range is 300-800g/eq, the hydroxyl value range is 15-70mgKOH/g, the acid value range is 15-85mgKOH/g, the glass The melting temperature range is 40-70°C, the viscosity range is 75-600Pa·s, and the softening point temperature range is 100-120°C, which is used to ensure that the acrylic resin has good insulation and weather resistance, and meets the requirements of photovoltaic related standards. Further specific optimization Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the acrylic resin is any one of hydroxyacrylic resin, carboxylated acrylic resin or a combination of the two in any ratio, because the impact resistance of hydroxyacrylic resin is better than that of GMA (methacrylic acid resin). glycidyl esters) acrylic resins, and the yellowing resistance of carboxylic acrylic resins is superior to that of GMA (glycidyl methacrylates) acrylic resins. As a sub-optimal technical solution, GMA (glycidyl methacrylates) can also be used ) acrylic resin or bifunctional acrylic resin, specifically, in this embodiment, the acrylic resin is a hydroxyl acrylic resin, of course, those skilled in the art can choose other types of acrylic resin according to actual needs, the embodiment of the present invention is no longer Give examples one by one.

Preferably, in the embodiments of the present invention, the weight portion of the acrylic resin curing agent accounts for 5-25% of the weight portion of the acrylic powder coating, and the acrylic resin curing agent is blocked isocyanate, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, sebacic acid, Any one of monodecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, hexadecanedioic acid, carboxyl polyester, hydrogenated epoxy, GMA acrylic acid Or the mixing of several arbitrary proportions, specifically, in the present embodiment, the acrylic resin curing agent is phthalic anhydride, and phthalic anhydride accounts for 10% of the weight portion of acrylic powder coating, certainly, the art of the art Technologists can select other types of acrylic resin curing agents and acrylic resin curing agents in the 5-25% by weight range (including 5% and 25% endpoint values) according to the type of acrylic resin and actual conditions, and can also obtain basic With the same technical effect, in the embodiments of the present invention, the weight ratio of the preferred acrylic resin curing agent ranges from 10-20%, and the crosslinking and curing effect is better, so the embodiments of the present invention will not be described one by one;

Preferably, in this particular embodiment, the acrylic powder coating has also added a certain number of additives by weight, preferably, the weight of the additives accounts for 5-50% of the weight of the acrylic powder coating, more preferably, The weight part of the auxiliary agent accounts for 10-40% of the weight part of the acrylic powder coating, most preferably, the weight part of the auxiliary agent accounts for 15-25% of the weight part of the acrylic powder coating, which is used to further improve the performance of the acrylic powder coating. Transparency, weather resistance, insulation and flame retardancy. Among them, the additives are polyamide wax, polyolefin wax, amide-modified phenol urea surfactant, benzoin, polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl three Chlorosilane, n-butyltriethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, monoalkoxypyrophosphate, acrylates, phenolic resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin, distearylethylenediamine, epoxy Mixture of ethane and propylene oxide, hindered phenol, thiodipropionate diester, benzophenone, salicylate derivatives, hindered amine, alumina, fumed silica, silicon dioxide Or a mixture of several arbitrary ratios, among them, polyamide wax, polyolefin wax, amide-modified phenol urea surfactant, benzoin, polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl trichlorosilane, n-butyl trichlorosilane Ethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, monoalkoxy pyrophosphate, acrylates, phenolic resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin, distearyl ethylenediamine, ethylene oxide and propylene oxide Mixtures, hindered phenols, thiodipropionate diesters, benzophenones, salicylate derivatives, and hindered amines are the preferred additives, which can significantly improve the weather resistance, insulation and flame retardancy of acrylic powder coatings. Preferably, in this embodiment, the weight portion of the auxiliary agent accounts for 18% of the weight portion of the acrylic powder coating, and the auxiliary agent is polyamide wax, amide-modified phenol urea surfactant, benzoin, aluminum oxide and bismuth A mixture of silicon oxides. Certainly, the present invention only lists preferred auxiliary agent types, and in other embodiments, those skilled in the art can select other types of auxiliary agents according to actual needs, and the examples of the present invention are no longer specifically described; further preferably, The embodiment of the present invention can also adjust the color of the acrylic powder coating by adding pigments and fillers as auxiliary agents according to the actual requirements of photovoltaic module installation, which is further beneficial to the actual installation and application of photovoltaic modules. Specifically, the auxiliary agent can be blue The pigments and fillers of hue can also adopt the pigments and fillers of red hue or yellow hue, and of course the pigments and fillers of mixed hue can be used to realize the adjustment of color or special hue.

The second packaging powder coating is a super weather-resistant polyester powder coating, and the super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating includes a super-weather-resistant polyester resin and a super-weather-resistant polyester resin curing agent; preferably, in an embodiment of the invention, the super-weather-resistant polyester resin is A mixture of one or both of hydroxyl super weather-resistant polyester resins or carboxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resins is used to ensure that the super-weather-resistant polyester resins have good insulation and weather resistance and meet the requirements of photovoltaic-related standards. Specifically, in In this embodiment, the super-weather-resistant polyester resin is a hydroxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resin;

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the hydroxyl value range of the hydroxyl super weather-resistant polyester resin is 30-300mgKOH/g, the glass transition temperature range is 50-75°C, the viscosity range is 15-200Pa·s, and other parameter ranges are used The implementation effect is not good and cannot meet the requirements of photovoltaic technology standards. Specifically, in this embodiment, the hydroxyl value of the hydroxyl super weather-resistant polyester resin is 100mgKOH/g, the glass transition temperature is 60°C, and the viscosity is 80Pa·s; more preferably Indeed, in the embodiment of the present invention, the hydroxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resin is a mixture formed by polymerization of one or more monomers in neopentyl glycol, adipic acid, and ethylene glycol. Of course, the technology in the art Personnel can select other types of monomers according to actual needs to polymerize to obtain hydroxyl super weather-resistant polyester resin, and the examples of the present invention will not give examples one by one. Specifically, in this embodiment, the hydroxyl super weather-resistant polyester resin is made of adipic acid polymerized from monomers;

Preferably, in an embodiment of the present invention, the weight portion of the super weather-resistant polyester resin curing agent accounts for 2-20% of the weight portion of the super weather-resistant polyester powder coating, and the super weather-resistant polyester resin curing agent is triglycidyl isocyanurate , triglycidyl trimellitate, diglycidyl terephthalate, glycidyl methacrylate, hydroxyalkylamide, isocyanate any one or a mixture of several random ratios, specifically, in In this embodiment, the super weather-resistant polyester resin curing agent is triglycidyl isocyanurate, and triglycidyl isocyanurate accounts for 5% of the weight portion of the hydroxyl super weather-resistant polyester powder coating. Technicians can select other types of super-weather-resistant polyester resin curing agents and super-weather-resistant polyester resins in the range of 2-20% by weight (including 2% and 20% endpoint values) according to the type of super-weather-resistant polyester resin and the actual situation. The ester resin curing agent can also achieve basically the same technical effect. In the embodiment of the present invention, the weight ratio range of the preferred super weather-resistant polyester resin curing agent is 5-15%, and the crosslinking curing effect is better. The embodiment of the present invention No longer explain one by one;

Preferably, in this specific embodiment, the super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating provided by the examples of the present invention has also added a certain number of parts by weight of auxiliary agent, preferably, the weight part of auxiliary agent accounts for 3-40% by weight is used to further improve the insulation and weather resistance of super-weather-resistant polyester powder coatings. At the same time, according to the actual needs of photovoltaic module installation, the color of super-weather-resistant polyester powder coatings can be adjusted by adding additives. It is further beneficial to the actual installation and application of photovoltaic modules. Specifically, when the present invention is implemented, the auxiliary agent is polyamide wax, polyolefin wax, amide-modified phenol urea surfactant, benzoin, polydimethylsiloxane, Vinyltrichlorosilane, n-butyltriethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, monoalkoxy pyrophosphate, acrylates, phenolic resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin, distearylethylenediamine , mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, hindered phenol, thiodipropionate diester, benzophenone, salicylate derivatives, hindered amine, alumina, fumed silica, tetrabromobisphenol A , decabromodiphenylethane, tricresyl phosphate, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, barium sulfate, titanium dioxide, carbon black any one or a mixture of several random proportions, wherein the preferred additives are Polyamide wax, polyolefin wax, amide modified phenol urea surfactant, benzoin, polydimethylsiloxane, vinyltrichlorosilane, n-butyltriethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, Monoalkoxy pyrophosphate, acrylates, phenolic resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin, distearyl ethylenediamine, mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, hindered phenol, thiodipropionate bis Esters, benzophenones, salicylate derivatives, hindered amines, or any combination of several random ratios. Of course, those skilled in the art can choose other types of additives according to actual needs. The present invention implements The example will not be described in detail; it is the same as the acrylic powder coating, and further preferably, the embodiment of the present invention can also be specially used to adjust the color of the super weather-resistant polyester powder coating by adding pigments and fillers as auxiliary agents according to the actual needs of photovoltaic module installation. It is further beneficial to the actual installation and application of photovoltaic modules. Specifically, the additives can use pigments and fillers with a blue hue, or pigments and fillers with a red or yellow hue. Of course, pigments and fillers with a mixed hue can also be used to achieve color or special Hue adjustment.

The first encapsulation powder coating and the second encapsulation powder coating involved in the embodiment of the present invention can be prepared by using any existing known preparation technology of powder coatings. Typical methods can be premixing, melt extrusion, milling and other processes. After preparation, specifically, in this embodiment, acrylic resin or hydroxyl super weather-resistant polyester resin is premixed with curing agent and auxiliary agent. Preferably, the premixing time can be selected between 2-10 minutes, and then the The premixed mixture is extruded with a screw extruder and pressed into thin sheets. Preferably, the aspect ratio of the extruder can be selected between 15:1-50:1, and the heating temperature of the extruder is selected at 80- Between 120°C, the screw speed is selected at 200-800rpm; finally, the flakes are crushed into small pieces and entered into a mill to grind powder coatings with a certain particle size. Preferably, the speed of the mill is selected at 50-150rpm, preferably, The particle size range of the finished products of the first package powder coating and the second package powder coating is controlled between 35-300 μm, and these preferred preparation process parameters are all in order to ensure the uniformity of particle size of the powder coating, for subsequent coating on the fiber cloth. Coverage uniformity effect provides the basic conditions. Certainly, other process parameters or powder coating preparation techniques can also be used to prepare the first encapsulation powder coating or the second encapsulation powder coating. It is believed that these are the conventional technical selections of those skilled in the art. Therefore, the first encapsulation powder coating or the second encapsulation powder coating The preparation process of the second encapsulation powder coating will not be described in detail herein.

In this specific embodiment, the method for preparing the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer as described above includes the following steps:

a), uniformly coating the first encapsulation powder coating or the second encapsulation powder coating on the fiber cloth by a coating device;

b) thermally bonding the first packaged powder coating or the second packaged powder coating to the fiber cloth by pressing and heating;

c), carrying out segmental cutting of the thermally bonded powder coating and fiber cloth in step b);

d), obtaining the first encapsulation layer or the second encapsulation layer;

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the thermal bonding process needs to adopt a suitable range of pressure and heating control, because only under the appropriate pressure and temperature can the first packaged powder coating or the second packaged powder The better hot-melt bonding process between the paint and the fiber cloth can finally ensure that the requirements of the lamination process in the process of preparing the photovoltaic module packaging are met, thereby obtaining a packaging material that is truly suitable for the packaging of photovoltaic cell modules. Therefore, preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the pressure range of the thermal bonding process is 0.05-0.25Mpa, the heating temperature range of the thermal bonding process is 90-130°C, and the heating time range is 5-20 seconds, specifically Specifically, in this embodiment, the pressing pressure of the thermal bonding process is 0.05 MPa, the heating temperature of the thermal bonding process is 130° C., and the heating time range is 5 seconds.

Preferably, in the embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned method for preparing the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer adopts the equipment shown in FIG. In the process, the first packaging powder coating or the second packaging powder coating is uniformly coated on the fiber cloth output by the fiber feeder 51 through the coating device 52, and then the first packaging is pressurized and heated by the hot-melt laminating machine 53. The powder coating or the second packaging powder coating is thermally bonded to the fiber cloth, and the thermally bonded first packaging powder coating or the second packaging powder coating and the fiber cloth are cut in sections to obtain the packaging material for photovoltaic modules. Not only is the operation simple, but also uniform coating is achieved. In other specific embodiments of the present invention, the coating device can also use a powder spreading head. At this time, the coating device realizes the coating process in the form of dusting, so that the first packaged powder coating or the second packaged powder coating can be uniformly Apply on fiber cloth. Of course, as a suboptimal solution, those skilled in the art can also choose any existing known equipment according to actual needs to complete the preparation of the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer disclosed in the present invention, as long as the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer are realized. The technical effect that the first package powder coating or the second package powder coating is evenly coated on the fiber cloth is sufficient.

Preferably, the method for preparing the laminated structure of the photovoltaic module in this embodiment is as above. The laminated structure of the photovoltaic module is prepared by a lamination process, wherein the lamination process includes a first heating stage, a second heating stage and a third heating stage. In the pressure cooling stage, the heating temperature range of the first stage is 110-130°C, and the heating time range is 100-600 seconds; the heating temperature range of the second stage is 131-200°C, and the heating time range is 100-1200 seconds; the third stage The cooling temperature range of the stage is 25-60°C, and the applied pressure range is 0.05-0.25Mpa. More preferably, the heating temperature range of the first stage is 115-125°C, and the heating time range is 300-500 seconds; The heating temperature range is 140-180°C, and the heating time range is 400-1000 seconds; the cooling temperature range of the third stage is 40-50°C, and the applied pressure range is 0.1-0.2Mpa. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first The heating temperature of the first stage is 120°C, and the heating time is 400 seconds; the heating temperature of the second stage is 160°C, and the heating time is 700 seconds; the cooling temperature of the third stage is 45°C, and the applied pressure is 0.15Mpa;

Preferably, this embodiment also proposes a photovoltaic module, including a laminated structure, a connector and a junction box, and the electrical connection between the laminated structure and the junction box is realized through the connector, wherein the photovoltaic module includes the photovoltaic module as described above Laminated structure.

Preferably, please refer to FIG. 12. In this embodiment, the connector includes a crimping terminal 72 and a heat-shrinkable sleeve 73. The cables 71 and 74 located at both ends of the connector are snapped into the crimping terminal 72 and heat-shrinkable. The sleeve 73 surrounds the crimping terminal 72, so that the electrical connection of the laminated structure of the photovoltaic module is reliable and the cost is low.

Example 2:

Please refer to Fig. 3, in this embodiment 2, the lamination structure includes fluoroplastic film layer 11b, first encapsulation layer 12b, first EVA layer 13b, solar cell string 14b and second encapsulation layer 15b, fluoroplastic film The layer 11b is located above the first encapsulation layer 12b, and the rest of the technical solution of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment above.

Example 3:

Please refer to Fig. 4, in this embodiment 3, the laminated structure includes the first encapsulation layer 11c, the first EVA layer 12c, the solar battery string 13c, the second encapsulation layer 14c and the back sheet layer 15c, the back sheet layer 15c It is located under the second encapsulation layer 14c, and the rest of the technical solution of this embodiment 3 is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

Example 4:

Please refer to Fig. 5, in this embodiment 4, the laminated structure includes a first encapsulation layer 11d, a first EVA layer 12d, a solar cell string 13d, a second EVA layer 14d and a second encapsulation layer 15d, the second EVA The layer 14d is located between the solar cell string 13d and the second encapsulation layer 15d, and the rest of the technical solution of this embodiment 4 is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment 1.

Example 5:

Please refer to Fig. 6, in this embodiment 5, the lamination structure includes a fluoroplastic film layer 11e, a first encapsulation layer 12e, a first EVA layer 13e, a solar cell string 14e, a second EVA layer 15e and a second encapsulation layer 16e, wherein the fluoroplastic film layer 11e is located above the first encapsulation layer 12e, and the second EVA layer 15e is located between the solar cell string 14e and the second encapsulation layer 16e, the rest of the technical solutions of this embodiment 5 are the same as those of the above-mentioned embodiment 1 is the same.

Embodiment 6:

Please refer to Fig. 7, in this embodiment 6, the laminated structure includes a first encapsulation layer 11f, a first EVA layer 12f, a solar cell string 13f, a second EVA layer 14f, a second encapsulation layer 15f and a backplane layer 16f, wherein, the backplane layer 16f is located below the second encapsulation layer 15f, the second EVA layer 14f is located between the solar cell string 13f and the second encapsulation layer 15f, and the rest of the technical solution of this embodiment 6 is the same as that of the above-mentioned embodiment 1 .

Embodiment 7:

Please refer to Fig. 8 and Fig. 11, in this embodiment 7, the laminated structure includes a fluoroplastic film layer 11g, a first encapsulation layer 12g, a first EVA layer 13g, a solar battery string 14g, a second EVA layer 15g, The second encapsulation layer 16g and the back plate layer 17g, wherein the fluoroplastic film layer 11g is located above the first encapsulation layer 12g, the back plate layer 17g is located below the second encapsulation layer 16g, and the second EVA layer 15g is located in the solar battery string 14g Between the second encapsulation layer 16g, the rest of the technical solution of this embodiment 7 is the same as that of the above embodiment 1.

Embodiment 8:

Please refer to FIG. 9, in this embodiment 8, the laminated structure includes a first encapsulation layer 11h, a solar cell string 12h and a second encapsulation layer 13h, wherein the solar cell string 12h is located between the first encapsulation layer 11h and the second encapsulation layer 11h. Between the encapsulation layers 13h, the rest of the technical solution of this embodiment 8 is the same as that of the above embodiment 1.

Embodiment 9:

In this embodiment 9, the first encapsulation powder coating is a super weather-resistant polyester powder coating, and the super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating is the same as the super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating adopted in the second encapsulation powder coating; during the lamination process , the heating temperature of the first stage is 125°C, and the heating time is 350 seconds; the heating temperature of the second stage is 165°C, and the heating time is 750 seconds; the cooling temperature of the third stage is 48°C, and the applied pressure is 0.13Mpa; The remaining technical solutions of Embodiment 9 are the same as any one of Embodiment 1-Embodiment 8 above.

Example 10:

In this embodiment 10, the first packaging layer is prepared from 35 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 65 parts by weight of acrylic powder coating, and the second packaging layer is prepared from 30 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 70 parts by weight of super weather-resistant polyester powder coating. Among them, the acrylic resin is carboxyl acrylic resin, and the super-weather-resistant polyester resin is carboxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resin, which is a mixture of one or two monomers of terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid. The acid value range of the carboxyl super weather-resistant polyester resin is 15-85mgKOH/g, the glass transition temperature range is 50-75°C, and the viscosity range is 15-200Pa·s. Specifically, in this embodiment, the carboxyl super weather-resistant polyester resin The resin is polymerized from terephthalic acid monomer. The acid value of the carboxyl super weather-resistant polyester resin is 85mgKOH/g, the glass transition temperature is 75°C, and the viscosity is 200Pa·s; the curing agent of the super weather-resistant polyester resin is trimellitate Triglycidyl triglycidyl trimellitate, the weight portion of triglycidyl trimellitate accounts for 8% of the weight portion of the super weather-resistant polyester powder coating;

During the lamination process, the heating temperature of the first stage is 115°C, and the heating time is 500 seconds; the heating temperature of the second stage is 180°C, and the heating time is 400 seconds; the cooling temperature of the third stage is 50°C, and the pressure is applied 0.2Mpa;

The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 10 are the same as any one of the above embodiments 1-8.

Example 11:

In this embodiment 11, the first packaging layer is prepared from 40 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 60 parts by weight of acrylic powder coating, and the second packaging layer is prepared from 35 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 65 parts by weight of super weather-resistant polyester powder coating. wherein, the acrylic resin adopts GMA acrylic resin, the curing agent of the acrylic resin is blocked isocyanate, and the blocked isocyanate accounts for 10% by weight of the acrylic powder coating;

During the lamination process, the heating temperature of the first stage is 120°C, and the heating time is 400 seconds; the heating temperature of the second stage is 160°C, and the heating time is 700 seconds; the cooling temperature of the third stage is 45°C, and the pressure is applied 0.15Mpa;

The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 11 are the same as any one of the above embodiments 1-8.

Example 12:

In this embodiment 12, the first packaging layer is prepared from 45 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 55 parts by weight of super weather-resistant polyester powder coating, and the second packaging layer is made of 40 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 60 parts by weight of super weather-resistant polyester powder The coating is prepared, among which, the super weather-resistant polyester resin is made of carboxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resin, which is polymerized from isophthalic acid monomer, its acid value is 60mgKOH/g, glass transition temperature is 60°C, and viscosity is 100Pa s;

During the lamination process, the heating temperature of the first stage is 110°C, and the heating time is 600 seconds; the heating temperature of the second stage is 180°C, and the heating time is 300 seconds; the cooling temperature of the third stage is 60°C, and the pressure is applied 0.06Mpa;

The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 12 are the same as any one of the above embodiments 1-8.

Example 13:

In Example 13, the first encapsulation layer is prepared from 50 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 50 parts by weight of the first encapsulation powder coating, and the second encapsulation layer is prepared from 45 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 65 parts by weight of the second encapsulation powder coating Among them, the first packaging powder coating is made of hydroxyl super weather-resistant resin, which is polymerized from neopentyl glycol monomer. The hydroxyl value of the hydroxyl super weather-resistant resin is 180mgKOH/g, the glass transition temperature is 70°C, and the viscosity is 120Pa s, an additive accounting for 16% by weight of the powder coating is also added to the first packaged powder coating, the additive is a mixture of polyolefin wax and methyl orthosilicate, and the second packaged powder coating is made of carboxyl super weather-resistant resin, Polymerized from terephthalic acid monomer, the carboxyl super weather-resistant resin has an acid value of 50mgKOH/g, a glass transition temperature of 55°C, and a viscosity of 80Pa·s. The 13% auxiliary agent of part, auxiliary agent adopts the mixture of polyolefin wax, amide-modified phenol urea surfactant and hindered phenol;

During the lamination process, the heating temperature of the first stage is 125°C, and the heating time is 200 seconds; the heating temperature of the second stage is 190°C, and the heating time is 150 seconds; the cooling temperature of the third stage is 60°C, and the pressure is applied 0.05Mpa;

The rest of the technical solutions of this embodiment 13 are the same as any one of the above embodiments 1-7.

Example 14:

In Example 14, the first encapsulation layer is prepared from 35 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 65 parts by weight of the first encapsulation powder coating, and the second encapsulation layer is prepared from 35 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 65 parts by weight of the second encapsulation powder coating Made; the first package powder coating and the second package powder coating are made of hydroxyl super weather-resistant resin;

During the lamination process, the heating temperature of the first stage is 120°C, and the heating time is 400 seconds; the heating temperature of the second stage is 160°C, and the heating time is 700 seconds; the cooling temperature of the third stage is 45°C, and the pressure is applied 0.15Mpa;

The rest of the technical solutions of this embodiment 14 are the same as any one of the above embodiments 1-8.

Example 15:

In Example 15, the first encapsulation layer is prepared from 40 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 60 parts by weight of the first encapsulation powder coating, and the second encapsulation layer is prepared from 40 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 60 parts by weight of the second encapsulation powder coating It is formed; the first package powder coating and the second package powder coating are both made of carboxyl super weather-resistant resin;

During the lamination process, the heating temperature of the first stage is 112°C, and the heating time is 180 seconds; the heating temperature of the second stage is 131°C, and the heating time is 1200 seconds; the cooling temperature of the third stage is 25°C, and the pressure is applied 0.25Mpa;

The rest of the technical solutions of Embodiment 15 are the same as any one of Embodiments 1-8 above.

Example 16:

In this embodiment 16, during the lamination process, the heating temperature of the first stage is 125°C, and the heating time is 600 seconds; the heating temperature of the second stage is 155°C, and the heating time is 600 seconds; the cooling of the third stage The temperature is 40°C, and the applied pressure is 0.18Mpa;

The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 16 are the same as any one of the above-mentioned embodiments 1-9.

Example 17:

The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 17 are the same as those of the above-mentioned embodiment 7, the only difference is that in this embodiment 17, the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer are made of 35 parts by weight of fiber cloth and conventional commercialized epoxy Prepared from 65 parts by weight of powder coating.

Example 18:

The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 18 are the same as those of the above-mentioned embodiment 7, the only difference is that in this embodiment 18, the packaging material includes 25 parts of fiber cloth and 75 parts of powder coating.

Example 19:

The remaining technical solutions of this embodiment 19 are the same as those of the above-mentioned embodiment 7, the only difference is that in this embodiment 19, the packaging material includes 55 parts of fiber cloth and 45 parts of powder coating.

Example 20:

This embodiment 20 adopts the lamination structure of the most preferred embodiment disclosed in CN105637653A, and the only difference is that the lamination process disclosed in embodiment 1 of this patent is adopted.

Comparative example 1:

In this comparative example 1, the existing typical packaging materials for photovoltaic modules described in the background art are used.

Comparative example 2:

This comparative example 2 adopts the most preferred embodiment disclosed in CN105637653A, and adopts the preferred lamination process disclosed therein.

Comparative example 3:

The rest of the technical solution of the comparative example 3 is the same as the above-mentioned embodiment 7, the only difference is that the laminated structure of the photovoltaic module is obtained by laminating using the preferred laminating process disclosed in CN105637653A.

The present invention has carried out implementation effect test for above-mentioned embodiment and comparative example, and its test result is as follows Table 1 and Table 2.

Table 1 Comparison of implementation effects of various types of photovoltaic module laminated structures in terms of photovoltaic technology standards

Table 2 Comparison of implementation effects of laminated structures of various types of photovoltaic modules in terms of cost and preparation process

The weight of the packaging structure described in the present invention refers to the weight per square meter of the packaging material for photovoltaic modules; the impact resistance test refers to the standard diameter of 25mm and a mass of 7.53g ice ball at a speed of 23.0m/s Launched and hit 11 positions of the packaged photovoltaic module, the impact resistance of the photovoltaic module is judged by the three requirements of appearance, maximum power attenuation and insulation resistance; the fire resistance is the result obtained through the UL1703 standard test; Described pencil hardness is the result obtained by ASTM D3363-2005 (R2011) standard detection; Described tensile strength is the result obtained by GB/T1040.3-2006 standard detection; Described elongation at break is obtained by GB/T1040.3-2006 standard detection; The results obtained from the T1040.3-2006 standard test.

It can be clearly seen from the data in Table 1 that the embodiment of the present invention effectively solves the problem of light weight of photovoltaic module packaging materials under the premise of meeting the requirements of photovoltaic industry technical standards such as anti-ultraviolet, anti-aging, impact resistance, fire prevention, and anti-insulation. Quantification, replacing the traditional encapsulation structure of tempered glass, providing a certain rigidity for photovoltaic modules to protect photovoltaic cells, so that not only can the weight of photovoltaic modules be greatly reduced, thus adapting to the installation of photovoltaic power generation products in more occasions, but also Reduce the labor intensity of product installation and improve the convenience of installation, and reduce the installation cost of photovoltaic modules as a whole.

Further, it can be seen from Table 2 that the present invention is low in cost, has excellent scratch resistance properties, and finally realizes the lamination process in a low temperature environment, reduces energy consumption, and ensures the lamination structure of photovoltaic modules at the same time The flatness, taking into account the aesthetic appearance, further facilitates the installation and application of photovoltaic modules. At the same time, according to the data in Table 2, it needs to be further pointed out that when the first package powder coating in the embodiment of the present invention adopts super weather-resistant polyester powder coating, its cost is lower than that of acrylic powder coating, and its scratch resistance is better than that of acrylic powder coating. . When both the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer of the embodiment of the present invention adopt the lamination structure disclosed by CN105637653A, although there are no advantages in scratch resistance, cost and color variety, it still realizes the lamination process The operation is simple, the lamination temperature is low, the energy consumption is low, and the technical effect of a flat laminated structure of the photovoltaic module is ensured, which has obvious technical progress compared with CN105637653A.

It should be further emphasized that in the embodiment of the present invention, the first packaged powder coating or the second packaged powder coating is evenly coated on the fiber cloth by the coating device, and the use of the coating device can ensure that the first packaged powder coating or the second packaged powder coating The uniform coating effect of the encapsulation powder coating on the fiber cloth, and then the first encapsulation powder coating or the second encapsulation powder coating is pre-bonded with the fiber cloth by pressing and heating, and finally cut into sections to obtain a photovoltaic of suitable size The first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer of the module can realize arbitrary changes in the encapsulation size of the laminated structure of the photovoltaic module to meet the installation requirements of different buildings, further facilitating the installation and application of photovoltaic modules.

Although the layer structure obtained in this embodiment is a partial preferred embodiment, it does not limit those skilled in the art according to the needs of the actual application field. At the same time, based on the content disclosed in the present invention, other layer structures can be added. This application still belongs to this application. The spirit of the invention, so this application is also considered the protection scope of the present invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the elements are embraced in the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (11)

1. A preparation method for a laminated structure of a photovoltaic module, said laminated structure comprising a first encapsulation layer, a solar cell string and a second encapsulation layer, characterized in that, The first packaging layer is prepared from 30-50 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 50-70 parts by weight of the first packaging powder coating, and the first packaging powder coating is uniformly coated on the fiber cloth; The second packaging layer is prepared from 30-50 parts by weight of fiber cloth and 50-70 parts by weight of a second packaging powder coating, and the second packaging powder coating is evenly coated on the fiber cloth; The laminated structure of the photovoltaic module is prepared by a lamination process, wherein the lamination process includes a first heating stage, a second heating stage and a third pressurized cooling stage, and the heating temperature range of the first stage is 110- 130°C, the heating time range is 100-600 seconds; the second stage heating temperature range is 131-200°C, the heating time range is 100-1200 seconds; the third stage cooling temperature range is 25-60°C, and the applied pressure range 0.05-0.25Mpa. 2. The preparation method of photovoltaic module laminated structure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described first encapsulation powder coating is acrylic powder coating or super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating, and described second encapsulation powder coating It is an acrylic powder coating or a super weather-resistant polyester powder coating; the acrylic powder coating includes an acrylic resin and an acrylic resin curing agent, and the super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating includes a super-weather-resistant polyester resin and a super-weather-resistant polyester resin curing agent ; The fiber cloth is made by weaving fiber materials. 3. The preparation method of photovoltaic module laminated structure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described first encapsulation powder coating is acrylic powder coating or super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating, and described second encapsulation powder coating It is a super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating; the acrylic powder coating includes acrylic resin and acrylic resin curing agent, and the super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating includes a super-weather-resistant polyester resin and a super-weather-resistant polyester resin curing agent; the described Fiber cloth is woven from fiber material. 4. The method for preparing the laminated structure of photovoltaic modules as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the method for preparing the first encapsulation layer and the second encapsulation layer comprises the following steps: a), uniformly coating the first packaged powder coating or the second packaged powder coating on the fiber cloth by a coating device; b) thermally bonding the first packaged powder coating or the second packaged powder coating to the fiber cloth by applying pressure and heating; c), carrying out segmental cutting of the thermally bonded powder coating and fiber cloth in step b); d), obtaining the first encapsulation layer or the second encapsulation layer; Wherein, the pressure range of the thermal bonding process is 0.05-0.25Mpa, the heating temperature range of the thermal bonding process is 90-130°C, and the heating time range is 5-20 seconds. 5. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module laminated structure as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the weight portion of the acrylic resin curing agent accounts for 5-25% of the weight portion of the acrylic powder coating, and the The curing agent is blocked isocyanate, phthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride, sebacic acid, undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecanedioic acid, pentadecanedioic acid, Any one of hexadecanedioic acid, carboxyl polyester, hydrogenated epoxy, GMA acrylic acid or a mixture of several in any proportion. 6. The preparation method of photovoltaic module laminated structure as claimed in claim 2 or 3, is characterized in that, described acrylic acid powder coating also comprises auxiliary agent, and described auxiliary agent weight part accounts for described acrylic acid powder coating weight 5-50% of parts, the additives are polyamide wax, polyolefin wax, amide modified phenol urea surfactant, benzoin, polydimethylsiloxane, vinyltrichlorosilane, n-butyl Triethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, monoalkoxy pyrophosphate, acrylates, phenolic resin, urea-formaldehyde resin, melamine-formaldehyde resin, distearyl ethylenediamine, ethylene oxide and epoxy Mixture of propane, hindered phenol, thiodipropionate diester, benzophenone, salicylate derivatives, hindered amine, alumina, fumed silica, silicon dioxide, any one or several than the mix. 7. The preparation method of the laminated structure of photovoltaic modules as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the super-weather-resistant polyester resin is hydroxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resin or carboxyl super-weather-resistant polyester resin, and its vitrification The temperature range is 50-75°C, the viscosity range is 15-200Pa·s, the hydroxyl value range of the hydroxyl super weather-resistant polyester resin is 30-300mgKOH/g, and the acid value range of the carboxyl super weather-resistant polyester resin is It is 15-85mgKOH/g. 8. The preparation method of photovoltaic module laminated structure as claimed in claim 2 or 3, is characterized in that, described super-weather-resistant polyester powder coating also comprises auxiliary agent, and described auxiliary agent weight part accounts for described super weather-resistant 3-40% by weight of the weather-resistant polyester powder coating, the additives are polyamide wax, polyolefin wax, amide-modified phenol urea surfactant, benzoin, polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl Trichlorosilane, n-butyltriethoxysilane, methyl orthosilicate, monoalkoxypyrophosphate, acrylates, phenolic resins, urea-formaldehyde resins, melamine-formaldehyde resins, distearylethylenediamine, cyclic Mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, hindered phenol, thiodipropionate diester, benzophenone, salicylate derivatives, hindered amine, alumina, fumed silica, tetrabromobisphenol A, Bromodiphenylethane, Tricresyl Phosphate, Aluminum Hydroxide, Magnesium Hydroxide, Barium Sulfate, Titanium Dioxide, Carbon Black, or a mixture of several in any proportion. 9. A laminated structure of photovoltaic modules, characterized in that the laminated structure is obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8. 10. A photovoltaic assembly, comprising a laminated structure, a connector and a junction box, and the electrical connection between the laminated structure and the junction box is realized through the connector, wherein the photovoltaic assembly comprises the photovoltaic assembly as claimed in claim 9 Laminate structure of components. 11. The photovoltaic module according to claim 10, wherein the connector includes a crimping terminal and a heat-shrinkable sleeve, and the cables located at both ends of the connector are snapped into the crimping terminal , the heat-shrinkable sleeve surrounds the crimp terminal.