CN108370367A

CN108370367A - Focusing pulse transmission in multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment

Info

Publication number: CN108370367A
Application number: CN201680073168.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: H·赞尼; S·阿巴迪
Original assignee: Ossia Inc
Current assignee: Ossia Inc
Priority date: 2015-10-15
Filing date: 2016-10-14
Publication date: 2018-08-03
Also published as: EP3363097A1; EP3363097A4

Abstract

This document describes for by realizing the more effective wireless charging of equipment and the technology of other features in wireless power delivery environment via the enhancing signal focus of multiple paths (630 660) in multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment (600).More specifically, the system and method being discussed herein describe the technology effectively to charge for increasing equipment, focus the enhancing ability of charging including the use of multiple paths (630 660), allow phase-detection (1220), Phase synchronization and the directional array to input signal for carrying out motion detection in wireless environments.

Description

Focusing pulse transmission in multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment

Cross reference to related applications

This application claims entitled " the SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR SINGLE submitted on October 15th, 2015 The U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.62/242,248 of ANTENNA FOCUSING FOR WIRELESS POWER TRANSFERS " Priority and right, the patent application is explicitly by being incorporated herein by reference.

Technical field

Technique described herein relates generally to improve Antenna Design and function to use radio frequency (RF) signal to carry out wirelessly Charging, more particularly, to the transmission for focusing the pulse signal of (focus) from single transmitting antenna in multi-path environment.

Background technology

Many electronic equipments are battery powered.Usually using rechargeable battery to avoid replacement conventional dry cell batteries type battery Cost and save valuable resource.It needs to use however, recharging battery using conventional rechargeable cells charger (AC) power outlet is exchanged, which is sometimes unavailable or inconvenient.Therefore, it is desirable to be wirelessly used for The electric power of electronic device.

Magnetic coupling or coupling based on induction need charger and receiver to be in relatively very close to place each other.So And more advanced mechanism, such as the transmission via radio frequency (RF) signal, ultrasonic wave are needed for equipment wireless charging across relatively remote Transmission, laser powered sensor etc., each of which all show many unique obstacles for business success.

Regardless of transmission medium, whenever energy by free space (such as house, commercial establishment or other In living environment) transmission when, the exposure level of limitation transmission signal is all desirable to.Electric power delivery is limited to relatively low power Grade (being usually milliwatt magnitude).Due to this low energy transfer rate, Wireless power transmission system must as far as possible efficiently.

In free space radio environment, the radiation from isotropic radiator or antenna is propagated in the form of extending ball.With The surface area for ball increases, and power density is with 1/ (r²) ratio become smaller, wherein r is the radius of ball.For this omnidirectional radiation Directional diagram (pattern), such radiator be sometimes called it is isotropic, and usually by antenna press its direction Property with gain be known as dBi, this means isotropic decibel.When the expection receiver of RF transmission is located relative to transmission radiator Can by power towards at the specified point of expected receiver guiding when, it means that for giving set a distance, at the system of reception By available specific power more power obtained by script in the case of omnidirectional radiation.This directionality concept is very heavy It wants, because it improves system performance.Very simple simulation be found in provide light using lampet and using reflector or For illuminating favored area, cost is at other for the case where effect of lens guide energy is to make flashlight, wherein electric power Place is almost without illumination to not illuminating.

The concept property having the same of directional aerial, because the power for being directed toward specific region is can be with another to sacrifice script The power that one direction is sent is cost.Simple example is that reflector is placed on behind radiating element and effectively eliminates originally The situation of the subsequent any radiation of reflector can be present in.It is found in dish about this typical case and receives dress Set, with solid metal reflector with by antenna not only with reflector is subsequent is environmentally isolated out, but also pass through careful contoured reflective Device can work as flashlight lens will be in the narrow beam before RF signal focus to antenna and reflector assembly.This is The example of one high orientation antenna.Directionality is the total RF signals emitted in anticipated orientation and be averaged in all directions Transmitting RF signals between ratio.It should be understood that this does not amplify, the redirection of signal so that from reception As viewed from the perspective of device, it has the same effect, and just looks like that the power level of transmission has increased.As the attached of this consideration Add object, reception antenna that can undergo identical enhancement effect, entirely due to be reduced or exclude from the subsequent RF signals of antenna, and And RF signals will not be lost with unwanted noise or interference.

In typical ground environment, the presence of barrier increases complexity, because other than line-of-sight transmission, signal It is also possible to rebound from multiple objects, there is slightly different path length every time.This propagation along mulitpath is in ability Be referred to as " multipath " in domain, and be understood to imply signal path or " ray " generally have different phase lengths and Amplitude.Reflection can be total reflection as in the case of good conductor (such as barrier metallization), or can be as less It is part reflection like that in the case of good conductor (such as metallization window cover or conductive shutter).In general, at conductor Reflection means 180 ° phase shifts of the tangential component relative to incidence wave of back wave；This satisfies wanted in the case of perfact conductor Voltage at conductor surface is necessary for zero boundary condition.Therefore the combination for reaching the signal of reception antenna is all back waves With the summation of direct sight wave.The plus-minus of modified relative amplitude and the wave of phase means that received signal strength can phase Claim ground variation, and the amplitude for receiving signal can show wave crest and trough；Common experience is, sees that signal is decayed, and When being moved in the side of reflecting surface, this effect may be clearly.Driver in automobile may broadcast frequency in FM The rapid decay of experience radio signal is taken, the radio signal interrupts and occurs generating every several feet just suddenly " pointed stake fence (picket the fence) " effect changed between good signal and noise signal；This is multipath rapid decay One fabulous example of environment.

It is polarization effect (angle of electric field and magnetic field comprising signal relative to fixed reference) on one side, it is especially more The consequence of secondary reflection.As the convention in Ground Application, term " vertical polarization " means the electric field of signal relative to earth surface Vertical oscillation.Polarization is very changeable, and may be uncontrollable in real-world applications and must be with more typically Mode optimize.Unless configuring miniature antenna to the array of mutiple antennas, otherwise miniature antenna is often complete non-directional.Phase Position information is for building required plane wave；The quantity of antenna is more, better to the control of antenna pattern.This field crowd institute Known, decaying and polarization are insufficient related, and therefore, the antenna of one and another antenna orthogonal will not be subjected to and another antenna The identical attenuation effect of attenuation effect.The antenna system that cross-polarization can be received will benefit to decaying caused by multipath Reduction sensibility.This diversity ability (diversity reception) is it is meant that from having two or more random positioned lists Only antenna and signal be less likely to show complete RF signals decaying.

However, being exempted using diversity system or being reduced makes this expensive as a kind of complicated do the sensibility of decaying Method.Need a kind of alternative lower-cost solution.

Accordingly, there exist the needs of the technology to overcoming the problems, such as technology described above and offer additional benefits.Herein Middle offer some previously or related system example and its it is associated limitation be intended to it is illustrative rather than exclusive. To those skilled in the art, after reading the following "Specific Embodiments" part, other existing or previous system limits System will become obvious.

It summarizes

Embodiments discussed herein is related to the application of multiple isolation for being executed on one or more application platform Between sharing application data decision service.In one embodiment, one kind is disclosed in multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment The method of middle focusing pulse signal transmission.This method be included in multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment by burst signal via Multiple paths are transferred to reception antenna from single transmitting antenna.Burst signal includes at least one signal pulse.This method is also When receiving burst signal via each path in multiple paths by reception antenna including identification with the burst signal phase Corresponding timing information and phase information, and biography associated with transmitting antenna is configured based on the timing information and phase information Defeated setting.Pulse wireless electric power is transmitted signal focus so that reception antenna receives by transmission setting.This method further includes by pulse Wireless power transmission signal transmission is to reception antenna.

In some embodiments, transmission setting inverts timing information, is used for by reception antenna via in multiple paths Two or more paths simultaneously receive pulse wireless electric power transmission signal.

In some embodiments, transmission setting adjustment phase place information, is used for by reception antenna via in multiple paths Two or more paths are in phase or normalization ground receives pulse wireless electric power and transmits signal.

In some embodiments, it is passed via the pulse wireless electric power of two or more path transmissions in multiple paths Defeated signal constructive interference is to generate " pulse " of higher energy.

In some embodiments, timing information and phase information include from string transmission (training Transmission reception signal), including time of arrival (toa), signal amplitude and signal phase.

In some embodiments, what is received there is the signal of the amplitude less than threshold value to be believed from timing information and phase It is omitted in breath.

In some embodiments, this method further includes：By more than second a paths by train of pulse after trigger event Signal is re-transmitted to receiver antenna, and identification receives pulse by reception antenna via each path in more than second a paths The second timing information corresponding with the burst signal and phase information when string signal, and based on second timing information and Phase information reconfigures transmission setting associated with transmitting antenna.

In some embodiments, pulse wireless electric power transmission signal is transmitted the time of predetermined amount, and wherein triggers Event includes expiring the time of predetermined amount.

In some embodiments, this method further includes receiving to transmit letter from pulse wireless electric power about at reception antenna The feedback of number electric power received, and feedback is compared with expection power gain.Trigger event may include feedback with It is expected that power gain is different.

In some embodiments, timing information and phase information are received from wireless power receiver client.

In another embodiment, disclose a kind of device comprising one or more computer readable storage mediums and The program instruction being stored on the one or more computer readable storage medium.Program instruction refers to when being executed by processing system Show processing system guide single transmitting antenna in multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment via multiple paths by burst signal It is transferred to reception antenna.Burst signal includes at least one signal pulse.Instruction also indicates processing system：Identification is by reception day Line when receiving burst signal via each path in multiple paths timing information corresponding with the burst signal and Phase information；Transmission setting associated with transmitting antenna is configured based on the timing information and phase information, wherein transmission setting Pulse wireless electric power is transmitted into signal focus so that reception antenna receives；And guide signal transmitting antenna by pulse wireless electric power Signal transmission is transmitted to reception antenna.

In some embodiments, it is passed via the pulse wireless electric power of two or more path transmissions in multiple paths Defeated signal constructive interference is originated from the increase for the pulse amplitude that signal is added to be formed.

In some embodiments, timing information and phase information include the reception signal from string transmission, including signal Arrival time, signal amplitude and signal phase.

In some embodiments, described instruction also indicate the device receive about at reception antenna from impulse radio Feedback is compared by the feedback for the electric power that power transmission signal receives with expected power gain, and when feedback and expected electricity Recalibration event is triggered when power gain difference.

In another embodiment, a kind of Wireless power transmission system is discussed.Wireless power transmission system includes having The adaptive phased antenna array and control circuit, the control circuit of multiple radio frequency (RF) transceivers are configured as：It guides adaptive The single transmitting antenna of phased antenna array is answered to believe train of pulse via multiple paths in multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment Number it is transferred to reception antenna, wherein burst signal includes at least one signal pulse；Identification is by reception antenna via multiple roads Each path in diameter receives timing information corresponding with the burst signal and phase information when burst signal；And Transmission setting associated with transmitting antenna is configured based on the timing information and phase information.Transmission setting is configured as pulse Wireless power transmission signal focus receives for reception antenna.Control circuit is additionally configured to guiding signal transmitting antenna by pulse Wireless power transmission signal transmission is to reception antenna.

It is to introduce series of concepts in simplified form to provide this general introduction, these concepts will be disclosed in technology below It is further described in content.It is understood that this general introduction be not intended to identify theme claimed key feature or Essential characteristic is also not intended to the range for limiting theme claimed.

Description of the drawings

Show one or more embodiments of the present invention by way of example, and not limitation in the figure of attached drawing, In identical reference marker indicate similar element.

Fig. 1 descriptions include according to the block diagram of the example wireless electric power delivery environment of some embodiments, and it illustrates in nothing It is delivered from one or more Wireless power transmission systems to the wireless power of each wireless device in line electric power delivery environment.

Fig. 2 descriptions are shown between Wireless power transmission system and wireless receiver client according to some embodiments Sequence chart for the exemplary operations for starting wireless power delivering.

Fig. 3 describes the block diagram for the exemplary components for showing the Wireless power transmission system according to some embodiments.

Fig. 4 describes the block diagram for the exemplary components for showing the wireless power receiver client according to some embodiments.

Fig. 5 A and 5B describe the figure for showing the example multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment according to some embodiments.

Fig. 6 depicts an exemplary figure for showing the wireless transmission of four paths, according to some embodiments, each path tool There is different length, signal is caused to be reached in different times with different phases and amplitude.

Fig. 7 describes the example that wherein two sine waves with out of phase are radiated shown according to some embodiments The figure of wireless charging environment and their synthesis sum.

Fig. 8 describes the figure summed to two phasors shown according to some embodiments.

Fig. 9 describes the example of the Additive effect of the convergence signal (convergent signal) according to some embodiments Figure.

Figure 10 describes the exemplary plot of the perceptual signal amplitude at any time from burst transfer according to some embodiments.

Figure 11 describe according to some embodiments for Additive effect in multi-path transmission can how scheduled transmissions Exemplary plot.

Figure 12 describes the flow chart of the example multi-path wireless electric power delivery process according to some embodiments.

Figure 13 describes the example relationship curve of the channel impedance and frequency of some wireless transmissions according to some embodiments Figure.

Figure 14 describes the exemplary plot according to the difference between the example phase angle of some embodiments.

Figure 15 describes the exemplary plot of the amplitude according to the example transmissions received of some embodiments at any time.

Figure 16 A and 16B describe passing according to the example of received signal phase received according to some embodiments The exemplary plot of defeated amplitude at any time.

Figure 17 describes according to a series of transmission at any time between the signal generator and receiver of some embodiments Exemplary plot.

Figure 18-20 describes showing for the amplitude at any time for transmitting and continuously transmitting according to the example pulse of some embodiments Illustration.

Figure 21 describes the exemplary plot in time domain and the example transmissions of frequency domain according to some embodiments.

Figure 22 describes the generation with one or more wireless power receiver clients shown according to some embodiments The block diagram of table mobile device or the exemplary components of tablet computer, the representativeness mobile device or tablet computer are movement The form of (or intelligence) phone or tablet computer equipment.

Figure 23 describes the graphic representation of the machine of the exemplary forms of computer system, can be executed in the computer system For making machine execute the instruction set of any one or more of method described herein method.

Specific implementation mode

The following description and drawings be it is illustrative, the property of should not be construed as limited to.Describe many details with Thorough understanding to present disclosure is provided.However, in some cases, known or conventional details is not described, to avoid Keep description fuzzy.One (one) or (an) embodiment are referred in present disclosure to be, but are not necessarily, and referred to same Embodiment；Also, such refer to means at least one of embodiment.

" embodiment " or " embodiment " are referred in this specification it is meant that the tool described in conjunction with the embodiment Body characteristics, structure or characteristic are included within the present disclosure at least one embodiment of appearance.Phrase is " in an embodiment In " different location in the description occurs being not necessarily all referring to same embodiment, nor referring to mutual with other embodiments Independent or replacement the embodiment of reprimand.In addition, describing can be presented by some embodiments without by other embodiment party Multiple features that case is presented.Similarly, describe for some embodiments may be requirement but for other realities A variety of requirements of applying for scheme that no.

The term used in this specification is in the context of present disclosure and is using the specific upper and lower of each term Usually with its ordinary meaning in the art in text.For describe present disclosure certain terms below or specification In discuss elsewhere, with to practitioner provide as described in present disclosure description additional guidance.It rises for convenience See, certain terms may be highlighted, such as highlighted using italic and/or quotation marks.Using highlighting to term Range and meaning do not influence；The range and meaning of one term are identical in identical context, regardless of it is It is no to be highlighted.It will be appreciated that same thing can be illustrated with more than one mode.

Therefore, the language and synonym of replacement can be used for any one or more of terms discussed herein, Not to whether being described in detail or discussing herein a term and apply any special meaning.Provide the same of certain terms Adopted word.The one or more synonyms of narration are not excluded for using other synonyms.Using showing from anywhere in the present specification Example --- example for including any term described herein --- is merely illustrative, it is no intended to further limit this public affairs The range and meaning of perhaps any exemplified term in opening.Equally, the unlimited each implementation provided in this manual of present disclosure Scheme.

It is not intended to and further limits the scope of the disclosure, the instrument of the embodiment according to present disclosure is given below The embodiment of device, device, method and its correlated results.Note that for the sake of reader's convenience, title may be used in embodiment Or subtitle, the title or subtitle be never limited in scope of the present disclosure.Unless otherwise defined, institute used herein There is technical and scientific term to have and the normally understood identical meaning of present disclosure those of ordinary skill in the art. In the case of conflict, this document --- including definition --- will have ascendancy.

Any title provided herein not necessarily influences the range of invention claimed or contains merely to facility Justice.

I.Wireless power transmission system general view/framework

Fig. 1 description include according to the block diagram of the example wireless electric power delivery environment 100 of some embodiments, it illustrates From one or more Wireless power transmission systems (WPTS) 101a-n (also referred to as " wireless powers in wireless power delivery environment 100 Delivery system ", " antenna array system " and " wireless charger ") to each wireless device 102a-n wireless power deliver.More Body, Fig. 1 shows that example wireless electric power delivery environment 100, wherein wireless power and/or data can be delivered to one A or multiple wireless power receiver client 103a-103n (also referred herein as " client " and " wireless power receiver ") Available wireless device 102a-102n.Wireless power receiver client is configured as passing from one or more wireless powers Defeated system 101a-101n is received and processing wireless power.The reception of example wireless electric power is illustrated in greater detail and discussed with reference to Fig. 4 The component of device client 103.

As shown in the embodiment of figure 1, wireless device 102a-102n includes mobile telephone equipment and wireless game control Device.However, wireless device 102a-102n can be the power receiver that needs electric power and can be integrated via one or more Client 103a-103n receives any equipment or system of wireless power.As discussed in this article, one or more integrated electricity Power receiver client receives and handles electric power from one or more Wireless power transmission system 101a-101n, and to wireless Equipment 102a-102n (or internal cell of wireless device) provides electric power and is operated for it.

Each Wireless power transmission system 101 may include mutiple antennas 104a-n, such as including hundreds of or thousands of days The aerial array of line, these antenna can deliver wireless power to wireless device 102.In some embodiments, antenna is certainly Adapt to phased radio frequency (RF) antenna.Wireless power transmission system 101 can determine for relevant power transmission signal to be delivered to The appropriate phase of power receiver client 103.Array is configured as from the mutiple antennas for being in particular phases relative to each other Emit signal (for example, continuous wave or pulse power transmit signal).It should be recognized that using term " array " not necessarily by antenna Array is limited to any specific array structure.That is, aerial array need not be configured to specific " array " form or Geometry.In addition, as used herein, term " array " or " array system " can be used for including be used for signal It generates, receive and the related and peripheral circuit of transmission, such as wireless device, Digital Logical Circuits and modem.One In a little embodiments, Wireless power transmission system 101 can have for via one or more antennas or transceiver into line number According to the embedded Wi-Fi hubs of communication.

Wireless device 102 may include one or more reception power customer ends 103.As shown in the embodiment of figure 1, show Electric power delivery antenna 104a-104n is gone out.Electric power delivery antenna 104a is configured as providing nothing in wireless power delivery environment The delivering of line radio frequency power.In some embodiments, one or more of electric power delivery antenna 104a-104n is alternatively Or be additionally configured as in addition to wireless power delivers or wireless power is replaced to deliver, it is communicated for data.It is one or more Data communication antenna is configured as to power receiver client 103a-103n and/or wireless device 102a-102n transmission datas It communicates and receives data communication from power receiver client 103a-103n and/or wireless device 102a-102n.At some In embodiment, data communication antenna can be via Bluetooth^TM、Wi-Fi^TM、ZigBee^TMEtc. being communicated.Other data Communication protocol is also possible.

Each power receiver client 103a-103n includes for being received from Wireless power transmission system 101a-101n One or more antenna (not shown) of signal.Equally, each Wireless power transmission system 101a-101n include tool there are one or The aerial array of mutiple antennas and/or antenna sets, the antenna can relative to each other with specific phase emit continuous wave or Discrete (pulse) signal.As discussed above, each Wireless power transmission system 101a-101n can determine for believing relevant Number it is delivered to the appropriate phase of power receiver client 102a-102n.For example, in some embodiments, coherent signal can To be determined as follows：The complex conjugate of beacon (or calibration) signal received at each antenna of computing array so that Coherent signal is for delivering electric power to the particular power receiver client for sending beacon (or calibration) signal by phase bit.

Although being not shown, each component of environment may include such as wireless device, Wireless power transmission system Control and lazy-tongs, for example, synchronization for data communication module.Wireless power transmission system 101a-101n may be coupled to power supply, Wireless power transmission system is connected to power outlet or the electricity of standard or primary exchange (AC) power supply such as in building Source.Alternatively, or additionally, one or more of Wireless power transmission system 101a-101n can be battery powered or pass through It is powered such as solar cell by other mechanisms.

Power receiver client 102a-102n and/or Wireless power transmission system 101a-101n are configured as in multichannel It is run in diameter wireless power delivery environment.That is, power receiver client 102a-102n and Wireless power transmission system 101a- 101n is configured as utilizing reflective object 106, the wall such as in range or other RF reflecting barrier objects, in radio Beacon (or calibration) signal is sent in power delivery environment and/or receives wireless power and/or data.Reflective object 106 can be used In multi-direction signal communication, regardless of whether blocking object is between Wireless power transmission system and power receiver client Sight in.

As described in this article, each wireless device 102a-102n can be set with another in example context 100 Standby, server and/or other systems establish any system of connection and/or any combinations of equipment and/or equipment/system. In some embodiments, wireless device 102a-102n includes the display or other output functions for data to be presented to user, And/or the input function for receiving data from user.As an example, wireless device 102 may be, but not limited to,：Video is swum Play controller, server desktop, desktop computer, computer cluster, mobile computing device such as laptop, meter on knee Calculation machine, handheld computer, mobile phone, smart mobile phone, PDA, blackberry device, Treo and/or iPhone etc..As example rather than Limitation, wireless device 102 can also be any wearable device, such as wrist-watch, necklace, ring or even be embedded in client Or internal equipment.Other examples of wireless device 102 include, but are not limited to：Safety sensor is (for example, fire or an oxidation Carbon), electric toothbrush, electronic lock/handle, light switch controller, electric shaver etc..

Although being not shown in the embodiment in figure 1, Wireless power transmission system 101 and power receiver client 103a-103n can include respectively the data communication module for being communicated via data channel.Alternatively, or additionally, Power receiver client 103a-103n can guide wireless device 102.1-102.n via available data communication module and nothing Line electrical power transmission system is communicated.In some embodiments, it is mainly used to refer to the beacon signal of continuous wave herein, it can In the form of alternatively or additionally using modulated signal.

Fig. 2 describes the wireless power delivery system (for example, WPTS 101) and wireless power shown according to an embodiment For in a manner of multi-path wireless electric power delivery between receiver client (for example, wireless power receiver client 103) Establish the sequence chart 200 of the exemplary operations of wireless power delivering.Initially, in Wireless power transmission system 101 and power receiver Communication is established between client 103.For example, initial communication can be, via the one or more of Wireless power transmission system 101 The data link that antenna 104 is established.As discussed, in some embodiments, one in antenna 104a-104n or Multiple can be data antenna, wireless power transmitting antenna or the dual-purpose antenna of data/power.Various information can pass through the data Communication channel exchanges between Wireless power transmission system 101 and wireless power receiver client 103.For example, wireless power Signaling can carry out time slicing between each client in wireless power delivery environment.In this case, wireless power Transmission system 101 can send beacon scheduling information, such as beacon beat scheduling (Beacon Beat Schedule, BBS) week Phase, power cycle information etc. so that wireless power receiver client 103 is aware of when to send (broadcast) its beacon signal and what When monitor electric power etc..

Continue the embodiment of Fig. 2, Wireless power transmission system 101 selects one or more wireless power receiver clients It is sent to selected power receiver client 103 for receiving electric power, and by beacon scheduling information.Wireless power transmission system System 101 can also send power transmission scheduling information so that power receiver client 103 is aware of when expected (for example, the time Window) wireless power from Wireless power transmission system.Then power receiver client 103 generates beacon (or calibration) letter Number, and beacon scheduling information for example beacon beat scheduling (BBS) period indicated by, distribution beacon transmissions window (or when Between piece) during broadcast beacon.As discussed in this article, wireless power receiver client 103 include one or more antennas (or Transceiver), the antenna (or transceiver) is close to the wireless device 102 for being wherein embedded with the power receiver client 103 Three dimensions in have radiation and receiving pattern.

Wireless power transmission system 101 from power receiver client 103 receive beacon, and detect and/or with other sides Formula measures the phase (or direction) that beacon signal is received at mutiple antennas.Wireless power transmission system 101 is then based on detection To or beacon measure, being received at each corresponding antenna phase (or direction), from mutiple antennas 103 to electric power Receiver client 103 delivers wireless power.In some embodiments, the determination of Wireless power transmission system 101 measures The complex conjugate of the phase of beacon, and using complex conjugate come determine by antenna configuration at for via with from power receiver client 103 reception beacon signals of end via same paths delivered to the power receiver client 103 and/or in other ways Guide the transmission phase of wireless power.

In some embodiments, Wireless power transmission system 101 includes mutiple antennas.One in this mutiple antennas or Mutiple antennas can be used for delivering electric power to power receiver client 103.Wireless power transmission system 101 can detect and/or The phase that beacon signal is received at each antenna is determined or measured in other ways.A large amount of antennas may cause in wireless power The beacon signal of out of phase is received at each antenna of Transmission system 101.As described above, Wireless power transmission system 101 It can determine the complex conjugate of the beacon signal received at each antenna.Using complex conjugate, one or more antennas can emit Consider the signal of the influence of a large amount of antennas in Wireless power transmission system 101.In other words, Wireless power transmission system 101 can Emit wireless power transmission signal from one or more antennas in this way, i.e., so as to from one or more of in antenna Antenna creates the aggregate signal for the waveform for substantially reappearing beacon in the opposite direction.It rephrases the statement, Wireless power transmission system 101 Can via at Wireless power transmission system 101 receive beacon signal via same paths to client device delivery without Line RF electric power.These paths can utilize the reflective object 106 in environment.In addition, wireless power transmission signal can simultaneously from Wireless power transmission system 101 is sent so that wireless power transmission signal is matched jointly in the three-dimensional close to client device The aerial radiation and receiving pattern of client device in the space (3D).

As indicated, beacon (or calibration) signal can be by 103 basis of power receiver client in electric power delivery environment Such as BBS is periodically sent so that Wireless power transmission system 101 can keep knowing and/or tracking in other ways electricity Position of the power receiver client 103 in wireless power delivery environment.It is received from wireless at Wireless power transmission system The beacon signal of power receiver client and in turn to be directed toward the mistake that the wireless power of the particular clients is responded Journey, referred to herein as reversed wireless power delivering.

In addition, as discussed herein, wireless power can be delivered with power cycle defined in power scheduling information.Now The more detailed embodiment of signaling needed for beginning wireless power delivering is described with reference to figure 3.

Fig. 3 describes the block diagram for the exemplary components for showing the Wireless power transmission system 300 according to an embodiment.Such as Fig. 3 Embodiment shown in, wireless charger 300 include Master Bus Controller (MBC) plate and multiple sandwich plates, this multiple sandwich plate Collectively constitute aerial array.MBC includes control logic portion 310, external data interface (I/F) 315, external power interface (I/F) 320, communication block 330 and agency 340.Interlayer (or antenna array strake 350) includes respectively mutiple antennas 360a-360n.In some realities It applies in scheme, some or all of components can be omitted.Additional component is also possible.For example, in some embodiments, it can With including the only one in communication block 330 or agency 340.

Control logic portion 310 is configured as providing control and intelligence to array component.Control logic portion 310 may include one A or multiple processors, FPGA, storage unit etc., and various data and power communication are guided and controlled.Communication block 330 The data in data carrier frequency can be guided to communicate, the baseband signal clock such as synchronized for clock.Data communication can To be Bluetooth^TM、Wi-Fi^TM、ZigBee^TMDeng, including a combination thereof or variant.Equally, agency 340 can be via such as herein The data of middle discussion communicate and client communication.As an example, not a limit, data communication can be Bluetooth^TM、Wi- Fi^TM、ZigBee^TMDeng.Other communication protocols are possible.

In some embodiments, control logic portion 310 can also promote the data aggregate for Internet of Things (IoT) equipment And/or in other ways it is achieved the data aggregate.In some embodiments, wireless power receiver client can be with The IoT letters for accessing, tracking and/or obtaining the equipment being embedded in relation to wireless power receiver client in other ways Breath, and the IoT information is supplied to by Wireless power transmission system 300 by data connection.This IoT information can be via external number It is provided to center or system (not shown) based on cloud according to interface 315, data can be in the center or system based on cloud It is polymerize, is handled.For example, center system can handle data with across geographical location, Wireless power transmission system, environment, set Standby wait identifies various trend.In some embodiments, aggregated data and/or trend data can be used for changing via long-range update Into the operation etc. of equipment.Alternatively, or additionally, in some embodiments, aggregated data can be provided to third number formulary According to consumer.In this way, Wireless power transmission system serves as the gateway or enabler of IoT.As an example, not a limit, IoT information may include the ability for the equipment that wireless power receiver client is embedded, the use information of the equipment, be somebody's turn to do The power level of equipment, by the equipment or wireless power receiver client itself such as the information obtained via sensor.

External power interface 320 is configured as receiving external power, and provides electric power for each component.In some embodiments In, external power interface 320 can be configured as 24 volts of the outside power supply of reception standard.In other embodiments, external electrical Power interface 320 can be, such as to 120/240 volt of alternating current mains supplies of embedded DC power supply, the embedded DC power supply 12/24/48 volt of required direct current is obtained to provide electric power for each component.Alternatively, external power interface can obtain institute The direct current supply of the 12/24/48 volt of direct current needed.Alternate configuration is also possible.

In operation, the Master Bus Controller (MBC) of control Wireless power transmission system 300 receives electricity from a power supply Power, and be activated.Then MBC starts on Wireless power transmission system acts on behalf of antenna element, acts on behalf of antenna element and enters one Acquiescence " it was found that " pattern, to identify available wireless receiver client within the scope of Wireless power transmission system.When discovery one When a client, antenna element energization, counting, simultaneously (optionally) calibration on Wireless power transmission system.

Then MBC generates beacon transmissions scheduling information and power transmission scheduling information during scheduling process.Scheduling process It include the selection to power receiver client.For example, MBC can select the power receiver client for power transmission, And it generates for beacon beat scheduling (BBS) period of selected wireless power receiver client and power scheduling table (PS).As discussed in this article, electric power can be selected to connect based on the corresponding properties of power receiver client and/or demand Receive device client.

In some embodiments, MBC can also be identified and/or be selected its state in client query table in other ways (CQT) the available client end being queried in.The client being placed in CQT is the client of " spare ", for example, not receiving electricity Lotus.Also how long based on the key message about client, such as battery status, current active/use, client It is finished electric power, use priority etc., to calculate BBS and PS.

It acts on behalf of antenna element (AE) and broadcasts BBS to all clients.As discussed in this article, BBS indicates each client When end should send beacon.Equally, PS indicate array should when and which client should send electric power and client to When monitoring wireless electric power is answered.Each client according to BBS and PS starts to broadcast its beacon and from array received electric power.Agency can With concurrently inquiring client terminal inquiry table to check the state at other available client ends.In some embodiments, client can To exist only in BBS or CQT (for example, waiting for table), without simultaneously in the two.The information collected in a previous step is continuous Ground and/or it is updated periodically BBS periods and/or PS.

Fig. 4 is the block diagram for the exemplary components for showing the wireless power receiver client 400 according to some embodiments.Such as Shown in the embodiment of Fig. 4, receiver 400 includes control logic portion 410, battery 420, IoT control modules 425, communication block 430 And associated antenna 470, power meter 440, rectifier 450, combiner 455, Beacon signal generator 460, beacon coding list Rectifier 450 or Beacon signal generator 460 are connected to by member 462 and associated antenna 480, and switch 465, the switch One or more associated antenna 490a-n.In some embodiments, it is convenient to omit some or all of components.For example, In some embodiments, wireless power receiver client does not include the antenna of its own, but instead utilizes and/or with it His mode shares the one or more antennas for the wireless device that wireless power receiver client is embedded (for example, Wi-Fi Antenna).In addition, in some embodiments, wireless power receiver client may include providing data sending function and electricity The individual antenna of power/data receiver function.Additional component is also possible.

In the case where receiver 400 has more than one antenna, combiner 455 is received and is combined from power transmitter The power transmission signal received.Combiner can be configured as while keeping matching condition realize output port it Between isolation any combinations device or allotter circuit.For example, combiner 455 can be Wilkinson power divider circuit. Rectifier 450 receives the power transmission signal of combination from combiner 455 --- if combiner exists, the electric power of the combination Transmission signal is fed to battery 420 for charging by power meter 440.In other embodiments, the electric power of each antenna Path can have the rectifier 450 of own, and the quilt before powering to power meter 440 of the direct current power derived from rectifier Combination.Power meter 440 can measure the electric power signal intensity received, and provide the measurement result to control logic portion 410.

Battery 420 may include protection circuit and/or monitoring function.In addition, battery 420 may include one or more special Sign, including but not limited to：Current limit, temperature protection, mistake/under-voltage alarm and protection and coulomb monitoring.

Control logic portion 410 can receive battery power level from battery 420 and handle the battery power level. Control logic portion 410 can also via communication block 430 in data carrier frequency transmission/reception data-signal, such as when The baseband signal clock that clock synchronizes.Beacon signal generator 460 generates beacon signal or calibration signal, is encoded in beacon signal Antenna 480 or 490 is used to send beacon signal later.

It is noted that although battery 420 is illustrated as charging by receiver 400 and provides electric power to receiver 400, Be receiver directly can also receive its electric power from rectifier 450.This can be that rectifier 450 provides charging electricity to battery 420 The supplement of stream, or replace providing charging.It may be noted furthermore that the use of mutiple antennas is the example realized, and can Structure is reduced to a shared antenna.

In some embodiments, control logic portion 410 and/or IoT control modules 425 can with which is embedded wireless The equipment of power receiver client 400 communicates and/or otherwise obtains IoT information from the equipment.Although being not shown, In some embodiments, wireless power receiver client 400 can have with which is embedded wireless power receiver clients One or more data connections (wired or wireless) of the equipment at end 400, IoT information can be obtained by the data connection.It replaces Dai Di, or additionally, can by wireless power receiver client 400, such as via one or more sensors, determine and/ Or derive IoT information.As discussed above, IoT information may include, but be not limited to：About which is embedded wireless powers The information of the ability of the equipment of receiver client；Which is embedded the use of the equipment of wireless power receiver client letters Breath；Which is embedded the level of power of the one or more battery of the equipment of wireless power receiver client；And/or by it In be embedded in the equipment of wireless power receiver client or by wireless power receiver client itself, such as via sensing Device, the information etc. for obtaining or deriving.

In some embodiments, the storage of client identifier (ID) module 415 can uniquely identify wireless power and pass Send the client id of the power receiver client in environment.For example, when connection setup, the ID can be sent to one or Multiple Wireless power transmission systems.In some embodiments, it is based on client id, power receiver client is also possible to can Receive and recognize other power receiver clients in wireless power delivery environment.

Optional motion sensor 495, which can detect, to be moved and signals control logic portion 410 correspondingly into action Make.For example, the equipment for receiving electric power can integrate the movement detecting mechanism of such as accelerometer or equivalent mechanism etc to detect Movement.Once equipment detect its be in movement in, then it may be assumed that it is just user-operably, and trigger to array signal with Stop sending electric power or reduces the electric power for being sent to equipment.In some embodiments, when equipment is used for such as automobile, train or flies When in movement environment as machine, electric power may be only sent intermittently by or be sent with the level of reduction, unless the electric power of equipment It is seriously low.

Fig. 5 A and 5B describe the figure for showing the example multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment 500 according to some embodiments. Multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment 500 includes user's operation wireless device 502, which includes one or more wireless Power receiver client 503.Wireless device 502 and one or more wireless power receiver clients 503 can be respectively The wireless power receiver client 400 of the wireless device 102 of Fig. 1 and the wireless power receiver client 103 of Fig. 1 or Fig. 4, But alternative configuration is possible.Equally, Wireless power transmission system 501 can be Fig. 1 Wireless power transmission system 101 or The Wireless power transmission system 300 of Fig. 3, but alternative configuration is possible.Multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment 500 includes anti- Object 506 and various absorption objects are penetrated, for example, user or people, furniture etc..

Wireless device 502 includes one or more antennas (or transceiver), and the antenna (or transceiver) is neighbouring wireless There is radiation and receiving pattern 510 in the three dimensions of equipment 102.The one or more antenna (or transceiver) can be complete Ground or the part for being partly included as wireless device 102 and/or wireless power receiver client (not shown).Example Such as, in some embodiments, one or more antennas of wireless device 502 can be sharp such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth With and/or be otherwise shared for wireless power receive.As shown in the embodiment of Fig. 5 A and 5B, radiation and recipient Include that there are one the lobe directions figures of main lobe and multiple secondary lobes for tool to Figure 51 0.Other directional diagrams are also possible.

Wireless device 502 sends beacon (or calibration) signal by multiple paths to Wireless power transmission system 501.Such as this Discussed in text, wireless device 502 sends up beacon in the side of radiation and receiving pattern 510 so that wireless power passes The intensity for the beacon signal that defeated system receives, such as received signal strength indicator (RSSI) depend on radiating and receiving direction Figure 51 0.For example, not sending beacon signal at zero-bit radiating and having in receiving pattern 510, and radiating and receiving direction At peak dot in Figure 51 0, such as at the peak dot of main lobe, beacon signal is most strong.As shown in the embodiment of Fig. 5 A, wireless device 502 send beacon signal by five path P 1-P5.Path P 4 and P5, which are reflected and/or absorbed object 506, to be stopped.Radio Force transmission system 501 receives the beacon signal for increasing intensity via path P 1-P3.Thicker line indicates stronger signal.One In a little embodiments, beacon signal is directionally sent in this way, for example to avoid unnecessary RF energy from being exposed to user.

The fundamental property of antenna is, when for receiving the receiving pattern (sensitivity is the function in direction) of antenna be used for The far field radiation pattern of antenna is identical when transmitting.This is the result of the reciprocity theorem in electromagnetism.Such as the implementation of Fig. 5 A and 5B Shown in example, radiation and receiving pattern 510 are three-dimensional wave lobed shapes.However, radiation and receiving pattern 510 can be any The shape of quantity, depending on the one or more types used in Antenna Design, such as electromagnetic horn, simple vertical antenna Deng.For example, radiation and receiving pattern 510 may include various directionality directional diagrams.For in wireless power delivery environment Multiple client equipment in each, can have any amount of different aerial radiation and receiving pattern.

A referring again to Fig. 5, Wireless power transmission system 501 is via multiple path P 1-P3 at mutiple antennas or transceiver Receive beacon (or calibration) signal.As indicated, path P 2 and P3 are direct line-ofsight paths, and path P 1 is non-sight line path.One Denier beacon (or calibration) signal is received by Wireless power transmission system 501, and electrical power transmission system 501 is just to beacon (or calibration) letter It number is handled to determine that the one or more of the beacon signal at each in mutiple antennas receive characteristics.For example, removing it He operate except, Wireless power transmission system 501 can measure in mutiple antennas or transceiver each place reception beacon The phase of signal.

The one or more of beacon signal at each in the processing mutiple antennas of Wireless power transmission system 501 receive Characteristic, to receive spy based on the one or more of beacon (or calibration) signal measured such as at corresponding antenna or transceiver Property, determine or measure one or more wireless power transfer characteristics of each in multiple RF transceivers.As example rather than Limitation, wireless power transfer characteristic may include the phase setting of each antenna or transceiver, transmission power setting etc..

As described herein, Wireless power transmission system 501 determine wireless power transfer characteristic so that once antenna or Transceiver is configured, this mutiple antennas or transceiver are just operable to transmission and in the three dimensions close to client device The wireless power signal that client radiates and receiving pattern matches.Fig. 5 B show Wireless power transmission system 501 via Path P 1-P3 sends wireless power to wireless device 502.Advantageously, as described herein, wireless power signal with close Client radiation and receiving pattern 510 in the three dimensions of client device match.It is said differently, wireless power passes Defeated system will be on the direction that wireless power receiver has maximum gain --- for example, receiving most wireless powers --- Send wireless power signal.Therefore, on the direction that wireless power receiver cannot receive, for example, zero-bit and obstruction direction On, no signal is sent.In some embodiments, Wireless power transmission system 501 measures the beacon signal received RSSI, and if beacon is less than threshold value, Wireless power transmission system will not pass through the path and send wireless power.

For simplicity, three paths shown in the embodiment of Fig. 5 A and 5B are illustrated, it should be appreciated that any quantity Path can be used for sending power to wireless device 502, depend on --- in addition to other factors --- that wireless power is passed It send the reflection in environment and absorbs object.

II.Pulse signal transmission is focused

This document describes for by poly- via the enhancing signal in multiple paths in multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment Coke realizes the more effective wireless charging of equipment and the technology of other features in wireless power delivery environment.More specifically, this The system and method that text discusses describe the technology effectively to charge for lifting means, and charging is focused including the use of multipath Enhancing ability allows to carry out motion detection and phase locked phase-detection and directional array to input signal.

In some embodiments, the technology being discussed herein is described so that electric power is big by carrying out time-modulation to transmission It causes to reach single region (or reception antenna) in phase via multiple paths to focus from single transmitter simultaneously and substantially Electric power delivery ability.Signal constructive interference, to generate " pulse " with higher energy for wireless power delivering. Such system and method are referred to herein as single antenna focusing, or via the focusing in multiple paths.

In some embodiments, pass through realization as described below using the focusing of the single antenna in multiple paths：Setting signal passes Defeated and transmission phase makes different signal transmissions simultaneously with each other and in phase reaches reception antenna so that signal has phase Long interference, to improve electric power delivery potentiality.When electric power delivery is too low to effective in the case of continuous transmission and needs Will more strong signal (even if of short duration presence) when, this is particularly useful.

In some embodiments, the multipath focusing of transmission, which starts from, sends by receiver passage at any time and connects The string of receipts transmits.The pulse that passage at any time is received corresponds to different paths used by signal, and can be based on row Into distance and order of reflection and mutually phase is different.Then, the string transmission data received can be used for generating power scheduling, The power scheduling is substantially opposite with the string transmission received in time and two aspect of signal phase.In this way, transmission Signal simultaneously and generally will be reached in phase.

The signal identified in transmitting and scheduling can repeat, and interlock when possible, to ensure that the maximum electric power that focuses is passed It is possible to send event.In some cases, the electric power of delivering is monitored, to ensure that the electric power being delivered meets expection. If it is not done, can be with repeated strings process to be finely adjusted to transmitting and scheduling.This repetition may cause in original string The change of period charging environment or other mistakes.

It is tuning firstly to Fig. 6, Fig. 6 indicates the example two-dimensional space or chamber (enclosure) according to some embodiments 600, it is swapped between two antennas in the electric power of the example two-dimensional space or chamber inner focusing.More specifically, in room Or shown in chamber 600 two antennas 610 and 620 and representative barrier 605, electric power handed between the two antennas It changes.For example, the radiant power from antenna 610 is sent to via four signal paths 630,640,650 and 660 respectively Antenna 620.As shown in the example in fig. 6, path 630 is the directapath between antenna, and path 640 and 650 has one Secondary reflection, and path 660 has two secondary reflections.For the sake of simplicity, four paths are shown, it is to be appreciated that, any number The path of amount is all possible, and some of paths have more secondary reflections.

Generally, due to the loss of signal at pip, only directapath and those have it is relatively lossless or seldom anti- The path penetrated is interesting.For the ease of discussing, if antenna 610 is isotropic in two dimensions, it should It is evident that a path will be all tracked from the radiation in the substantially any direction that antenna emits, after multiple " rebound " or reflection Reach reception antenna 620.Initially, it is assumed that reflection is symmetrical (mirror-reflection) about normal to a surface so that signal is reflected Go out and exclude ray and tracks the case where its path is without reaching receiver repeatedly.The ray of latter situation does not make us especially Interested, which represent the dissipated powers lost in the transmission.

As expected, it is the directapath for showing lowest loss to the shortest path of receiver 620 from transmitter 610 630.Other paths are inherently longer, are related to reflecting at least once, and (in addition to reflecting surface is not other than transmission loss Perfact conductor with loss, for example, the case where resistivity is zero except), can also have loss in reflector itself.Signal Spread speed be it is relative constant, therefore the phase change of per unit length in a transmission path from anywhere in all can be identical 's.In fact, propagation medium is mainly air, and signal is not passed through any substantive dielectric material, therefore velocity factor base It is consistent on this.

Spread speed is (to be slightly less than very much 1 foot/ns) per about 30 centimetres of nanosecond.For example, if by working frequency It is selected as 2.43GHz, the about center of Wi-Fi frequencies distribution, then approximate wavelength is 12.35 centimetres.Then this allows to appoint What given path is calculated with the distance slave transmission antenna to reception antenna of wavemeter；Due to this be for illustrate how into The example that row calculates, therefore freedom is taken about accuracy, come with numerical value complexity to this to avoid can be regarded as cost Disclosure increases burden.

In the example of fig. 6, the chamber 600 transmitted be about 21 feet, it is about 15 feet wide, and represent typical rise Room, waiting room or large size single working space.In this scale, directapath 630 represent about 11.5 feet or 350.5 centimetre.For 12.35 centimetres of wavelength, this is equivalent to 28.38 wavelength, indicates 0.38 wavelength or 136.8 ° Phase delay.In a similar way, each path can be assessed according to its phase delay, and path 640 is obtained Go out 30.47 wavelength, 42.3 wavelength is obtained for path 650, and 61.9 wavelength are obtained for path 660.These meters Calculate the phase delay (not being the wavelength components of integer) that result corresponds respectively to 169.2 °, 108 ° and 324 °.

For purpose discussed herein, it can be assumed that the propagation of signal is linear, reduces polarization problem so that Bu Huiwei It is easy to understand and covers the complexity of Mathematical treatment.Although real world is three-dimensional, show for purposes of explanation Two-dimensional representation.How above example can carry out simply calculating to determine the active path for phase delay if instantiating Length.Identical principle can be applied to small in terms of complexity have increased threedimensional model.Two dimensional model in practice will not Occur, therefore, be adjusted in view of the off axis radiation that may be realized in transmission or reception level, because of in fact, day It is symmetrical components that line, which may be considered that in either direction,.

Reflection from perfect conductor will not relate to any loss.However, it leads to incidence wave at reflecting surface really The reversal of phase of tangential component.Correspondingly, individual reflection causes 180 ° of perceived phase delay to deviate.In consideration of it, not having In the case of having access details, it may be difficult to determine signal whether the phase shift due to multiple reflections, or whether actually only road Electrical path length is the cause of measurement result.Additionally, it is also well known that the polarization of signal is affected in interface (only considers that ground is imitated Answer and ignore the polarization rotation occurred during by free space due to plasma effect), although and this Effect leads to multiple reflection signals with random polarization, but this can usually ignore.Alternatively, polarization can be used unrelated Antenna structure adapts to the effect.

Lossless reflection from wall and object is quite rare, therefore reflecting signal may be than those using direct road The signal of diameter is weak.There are many research had evaluated various constructions wall transmission loss, but seldom research provide about The useful guidance for reflecting signal level, this is because the variability on surface is very big.It is stated, has been determined through experimentation, 2 to 5dB average attenuation is expected at each reflection, and since each versus signal level for receiving signal is in such system It is confirmable in system, so it is more undesirable than other paths that system, which can belittle certain signal paths, thus to expection Power receiver transmission electric power can utilize this point by avoiding known loss path.

Although the fact that may change due to polarization rotation effect and environment, signal path may be not always reciprocal , but the latter is piece-wise stationary, and assume that mostly, exist from the propagation of antenna to another antenna It is reversible process in a short time.This effect is well-known, and is relied in many outdoor applications.Although in the past Scientific basic developed more than a century, but power exchange system is new；Modern technologies have overcome material and size Many limiting factors of aspect, therefore these systems become practical finally.

Turning now to Fig. 7, the effect for receiving two sine waves (typical carrier wave is sinusoidal) is shown.Show at this During example illustrates, 710 be the sine wave with 4 volts of amplitudes, and 720 be the second sine wave identical with primary sinusoid frequency, The relative phase delay of amplitude with 3 volts and 90 ° (pi/2 radian) relative to 710.Horizontal axis plots time, and the longitudinal axis with It is shown in the voltage of zero above and below, in order to use.Linear one system can undergo the simple addition of the two signals, This can be shown in third sine wave 730.The synthesis sine is the summation of the amplitude of two component waves of each moment, this generation It is identical as primary sinusoid frequency, with 5 volts of amplitudes and relative to the primary sinusoid with tan^-1(3/4) or about 37 ° Delayed phase sine wave.

Fig. 8 shows Argand diagram or phasor diagram, explains how to obtain these values.Reference sine wave 710 is shown For the phasor 810 of 4 units length at 0 °.Second wave 720 is shown as the phase with 3 unit lengths and 90 ° of relative angle Amount 820, which indicates its phase shift.Composite wave 730 is shown as 5 units length and has tan^-1(3/4) phasor 830 of angle or phase delay, this 5 unit length are √ (4 according to Pythagorean theorem²+3²)= 5.This simple example can expand to any amount of phasor, and each phasor represents a specific path；Length representative is believed Number amplitude, the angle relative to reference represents its phase delay.It is worth noting that, phase delay each " cycle " or week Phase repeats so that phase angle cannot be distinguishedWithWherein n is periodicity.

Reception signal from path 630,640,650 and 660 shown in fig. 6 is completely in identical frequency, and only It is distinguished by their phase.By taking the real part of complex exponential, each wave that can be indicated with exponential form；It looks backWherein ω is angular frequency { π of ω=2 f }, t be by when Between andIt is phase offset.More precisely, this can be write as But the result is that the same --- if it is noted that when being represented as single-factor, real part is typically implicit, only so that equation It will not become very long.It should be noted that the complex conjugate addition in latter equation eliminates imaginary part, and due to addition and So that real part is doubled, thus with the factor 2 come division result to restore correctly to be worth.

Then, in this way, for the example in four paths of Fig. 8, the equation of transmission wave T can be write out, Reception antenna will be reached in transmission makes all phases be aligned to provide maximum power.Therefore, T can be written as Wherein, a, b, c and d are every A amplitude for reaching wave, andIt is the phase in each path.This can be extended to trigonometric expression formula so that item in bracket can be with It is rewritten as Form, wherein coefficient a to d indicates the amplitude from each path received signal in four paths respectively； These amplitudes are the functions of path loss.In this illustration as can be seen that the amplitude of continuous carrier passes through by these paths Constructive or destructive interferences caused by each phase and change.This is that the general multipath for the simple examples that Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are emphasized is public Formula.From the inspection of this equation it is evident that in multi-path environment, there will be certain combinations of path length, if do not had Steerable antenna can may lead to very deep signal zero-bit along certain Route guiding signals, the combination or wherein exist The region of signal of the minimum to zero.It should be noted that antenna directivity is useful in terms of controlling propagation path.In addition to day Except the main path or main lobe of line, always almost there is the wherein much smaller secondary lobe of radiation signal, although this effect can be by For benefiting, but it cannot completely eliminate reflection effect of the signal in main lobe.

A series of discontinuous carrier by being changed to send pulses, can arrange pulse timing so that in some time, There is mutually long be added at reception antenna.A simple simulation case is considered now, is arranged using known acoustics wireless to simulate Give instructions by telegraph the communication environments in example.There are two gallerys in the example present, a gallery is short, another longer.Common experience Introduction, sound is along longer propagated than needing the longer time along shorter propagated.Position two loud speakers Or sound source to be to emit in sound to gallery respectively, and receive arrival sound of the system observation from two gallerys.If along Longer path sends brief sound, such as click sound or pulse, and similar click sound is sent then along shorter path Or pulse, because the time between signal is changed to keep delay progressively longer, the sound perceived will be from when between them Twice completely different click sound variation of delay when being zero for when the delay between transmission is arranged to the traveling with wave Between difference it is identical when single louder click sound, therefore, from the perspective of hearer, two signals are perceived as arriving simultaneously It reaches.

First example is approximately equivalent to that there are two antennas being directed toward along each propagation path, each antenna individually to be swashed It encourages so as to which selected phase deviates so that receive the additive signal that signal is made of two independent signals that same phase reaches. Since exomonental to receive pulse time be considered propagation time equal to longer path.

Fig. 9 shows a similar example, and only now single sound represents the single radiator in radio example Action.Ignore loss, it should it is evident that in the case of continuous signal, if longer path is half under pitch frequency The odd-multiple of wavelength, then in addition to the transient state for starting and closing, once system is stabilized to stable state, signal will be cancelled completely And hearer will not hear the signal.However, if sending short energy pulse (" click sound " that is indicated with audio term), The time spent in signal between two paths of transmission delay of second pulse is propagated poors 905, then second in two pulses A pulse can be arranged to reach with the arrival corresponding to the first pulse via longer path via shorter path.Now, when When being properly aligned, pulse can lead to the summation of the energy received.In this case, the propagation between two example paths Time difference is shown as 905, and is shown as 940 via the propagation time of short path 920.Now it should be clear that can Train of pulse 910 is formed to continue this identical sequence, the predetermined interval 905 wherein between pulse is determined so that reception To pulse will be aligned and obtain cumulative energy.Time 940 after having sent the first pulse, the pulse will be via short Path is received as 920.In the time 940 plus at the time 905, which will be received via long path, this will be corresponded to The reception of the second pulse in the string 930 sent at the time 905 after the first pulse, and so on.

The required train of pulse needed in wireless power transmission environment would not be as the example in this two path above-mentioned In it is equally simple.There may be many transmission paths, and can be by emitting when sending pulse train from receiver-side Device side receives them and measures the arrival time of pulse to determine these paths.Difference between arrival time is to existing now The measurement of propagation path, longest path will be arrival the latest.Since general condition is not present for multi-path environment, I Detection threshold value can be set, and infer contribution that signal horizontal less than this transmits total energy be so small that in It can ignore them in actual implementation.

Once it is determined that from the pulse spacing reached the latest is reached earliest, and the amplitude of pulse is insufficient, if any If pulse is sorted out in this way, then them can be abandoned to simplify process.It is then possible to determine the pulse for power transmission String, so that the train of pulse in phase occurs at target receiver antenna system.This train of pulse being transmitted will be from electric power The time reversal version for the setting transmission that receiver receives so that the arrival the latest as longest delay is sent first, and And the earliest arrival for being most likely to be directapath is finally sent.Then if appropriate, the sequence can be repeated.

Figure 10 is turned next to, the embodiment of this mechanism for determining pulse timing is provided.In the implementation of Figure 10 In example, transmitter sends pulse signal (being illustrated as initial transmission block 1010), and (subsequent is non-for receiver monitoring input signal Shaded block).For the purpose of the embodiment, receives signal and be represented as discrete pulse, it should be understood, however, that wireless In environment, since a large amount of path is utilized, the actual signal received is typically included significant noise.In general, single arteries and veins Punching will have constructive and destructive interference, cause to receive signal enhancing and reduction.It is however generally that signal would generally be received Device is considered as initial peak (being caused by direct ray), is then reached and then smaller signal point via alternative route with ray Peak.Due to by medium loss and reflection loss, the amplitude of these pulses then be usually reduced rapidly (in addition to phase is occurring In the case of long interference).The relative phase that timing and the pulse each received of each signal are received by monitoring, can be with The scheduling for being used for transmission pulse of overall signal gain will be led to by generating.

Figure 11 depicts the exemplary plot 1100 for exemplifying example transmissions scheduling.As indicated, between transmitter and receiver Directapath is shortest distance, therefore, in order to be reached simultaneously with via other signals in longer path, directapath when Between on can be transmitted later.In the exemplary plot, path 4 is the final path for wherein existing transmission, and will be corresponded to most Short path.Similarly, path 3, Ln, 2 and 1 represent subsequent longer path.Each transmission is represented as along horizontal time axis One circle.It is intended to via each of respective paths arrival transmission by suitably phase shift, to ensure signal with mutually arrival and energy It is enough to be added.Phase difference is illustrated by the different shades of each transmission.The aggregation of transmission, instruction transmitting are shown at 1150 The bursting activity of device.It will cause to receive single additivity electric power corresponding to 1110,1120,1130 and 1140 each pulse train Pulse.In ideal circumstances, almost all of transmission electric power can be received without any loss.

Figure 12 is gone to, the example for exemplifying sequential (temporal) single antenna multipath electric power delivery amplification process is provided Flow chart 1200.As discussed herein, original transmitter sends pulse signal (at 1210).At 1220, receiver note The transmission of information of the record including timing, the phase of the wave received, polarization frequency etc..At 1230, the letter being collected into Breath can be used for generating transmitting and scheduling, and the scheduling is the reversion timing that signal receives, and can be with adjustment phase place so that all Signal is mutually in phase received.

Then at 1240, electric power is transmitted according to the scheduling of generation.In the conceived case, the receiver of power transmission Delivered electric power can be monitored at 1250, and result report is returned into charger.If the electric power continuous received is such as As it is expected that, power scheduling can be repeated infinitely.However, if the electric power received at 1260 does not meet expection, ring Domestic certain things are changed, and the change in path is resulted in.In this case, new pulse can be transmitted to come more New electrical transfer scheduling.It should be noted that because environment is seldom static, in some embodiments, every pre- Fixed time interval just asks setting to be transmitted, rather than is asked by the feedback of the electric power delivered.In some embodiments, Usually between 100ms and 5 second, condition is if environment proof changes very slowly so that repeating more than two set at interval Setting sequence has closely similar as a result, can then increase the time interval between request setting to reduce because continually requiring very much The electric power that sequence is set and is wasted.

Figure 13-21 depicts a series of example transmissions scenes, is become via the amplification of multipath single transport with further illustrating Possible challenge and solution.A determining challenge is, for given environment, to be based on used layout and material, There can be different attributes to allow the transmission of other frequencies of the transfer ratio of some frequencies to execute more preferably.No matter transmission mechanism How, this phenomenon is all true.It is known that some acoustical signals are in a given environment due to resonating and more than other frequencies Good reflection and propagate more preferably, just as RF signal impedances are frequency dependences.

Figure 13, which is provided, to be transmitted in wireless coverage area showing for the curve graph that is compared with impedance of frequency for signal Illustration is shown.It is noted that in overlay area, different location may have different optimum frequencies.In addition, as environment becomes Change (movement, enabling, electric power variation etc.), the optimum frequency being used for transmission may similarly change.Therefore, in transmission wide spectrum signal In the case of system may undergo periodic frequency tuning, and collect Impedance feedback.For any given receiver, At any given time, then this data can be used for optimizing transmission.

With reference next to Figure 14, the example of the relative phase of two from different paths transmission received is provided Figure.As previously mentioned, the phase difference --- here shown as θ --- between two signals is that path length and/or order of reflection are poor Result.In fig.15, passage at any time draws it according to the two relative amplitudes transmitted.By more short-circuit First transmission of diameter causes to receive signal (P1) with large magnitude.It is relatively low (P2) by the possible amplitude of the transmission in the second path. Due to signal by medium be typically constant, can be easy by understanding signal velocity and time difference (Δ T) Ground calculates the difference of path length.Figure 16 A provide the phase of two new pulse transmission using the two same transmission.It is logical It crosses and the phase of the first pulse is appointed as 0 degree, and the phase difference (θ) that the phase of the second pulse is appointed as previously having found, gained The combination signal arrived will have additive effect.

Then Figure 16 B are exemplified, over time, the amplitude transmitted at certain point is how at receiver (P1+P2) Overlapping, leads to the constructive interference of signal.This constructive interference is how single non-directional transmitter generates signal gain Core.

Figure 17 provides a series of figures of two signals over time in the case where being transmitted on two paths.Road The end of diameter is at receiver.At the time 1, the second transmission (P2) is transmitted via two paths.At the time 2, the first transmission (P1) it is transmitted.At the time 3, second signal (P2) is reached home via first (shorter) path.However, at the time 4, the Binary signal (P2) is received via longer second path in terminal point, while the first signal (P1) is arrived via the first shorter path It reaches.These signals P1 is combined or is added with P2 to generate the signal (it is assumed that phase appropriate) of amplification.

Therefore, in order to utilize constructive interference, it may be used and continuously transmit, wherein phase is in main transmission path and secondary path Between each path period (being expressed as time difference Δ T) be continuously transported phase difference θ.Figure 18 provides this transmitting and scheduling Example illustrate.If transmitting only two pulses, only it may be amplified or focus within the limited period, then signal water Equal level when falling back to from single-pathway.It, can constantly modulated signal however, using the path of practically unlimited quantity Phase, to maintain the signal focus period of nearly singular integral (or extension).

In Figure 19, the pulse received is shown as being added, and the repetition of signal is caused to focus.It should be noted that i.e. This example system is set to obtain repetition focusing, all time intervals, also sometimes pulse completely closes, and receive Signal is still in impulse form.

On the contrary, in fig. 20, increasing pulse width in a controlled manner to generate totally continuous signal.In best ring Under border, the amplitude of the signal received can increase, and maximum value is focused until reaching final.Figure 20 is instantiated for generating Figure 21's The pulse signal of continuous signal.Should phase how to change with the beginning of new pulse.Also show corresponding frequency domain form This signal.

Figure 22, which describes, to be shown to be set according to the representativeness movement with wireless power receiver or client of an embodiment The block diagram of standby or tablet computer 2200 exemplary components, the representativeness mobile device or tablet computer are mobile (or intelligence) The form of phone or tablet computer equipment.Various interfaces and module are shown with reference to Figure 22, however the mobile device or tablet Computer is not necessarily used for executing all modules or function of functionality described herein.It should be recognized that in many implementations In scheme, multiple assembly is not included and/or is not necessary for the operation of class controller.For example, such as GPS without The component of line electric equipment, cellular radio device and accelerometer etc may be not included in the controller to reduce cost And/or complexity.In addition, the component of such as ZigBee wireless devices and RFID transceiver etc can position together with antenna In printed circuit board.

Wireless power receiver client can be the power receiver client 103 of Fig. 1, but alternative configuration is possible 's.It is used for from electrical power transmission system such as Fig. 1 in addition, wireless power receiver client may include one or more RF antennas Wireless power transmission system 101 receive electric power and/or data-signal.

In the embodiment of Figure 23, computer system includes processor, memory (memory, memory), non-volatile deposits Reservoir and interface equipment.In order to illustrate simple, various common components (for example, cache memory) are omitted.Computer System 2300 is intended to any component that explanation may be implemented to describe in the embodiment in figure 1 thereon (and described in this specification Any other component) hardware device.For example, computer system can be any radiating object or antenna array system.Meter Calculation machine system can be any applicable known or convenient type.The component of computer system via bus or can pass through certain Other a known or convenient equipment are coupled.

Processor can be for example traditional microprocessor, such as Intel Pentium microprocessors or Motorola Power PC microprocessors.Those skilled in the relevant art are it will be recognized that term " machine readable (storage) medium " or " computer Readable (storage) medium " includes the addressable any kind of equipment of processor.

Memory is coupled to processor for example, by bus.Memory may include, such as, but not limited to：Arbitrary access is deposited Reservoir (RAM), such as dynamic ram (DRAM) and static state RAM (SRAM).Memory can be local, long-range or distributed 's.

Bus also couples the processor to nonvolatile memory and driving unit.Nonvolatile memory is typically that magnetic is soft Disk or hard disk, magneto-optic disk, CD, read-only memory (ROM) (such as CD-ROM, EPROM or EEPROM), magnetically or optically card or The storage device of other form for mass data.The software of some in the data usually in computer 2300 executes the phase Between be written into memory by direct memory access process.Non-volatile memory device can be it is local, long-range or It is distributed.Nonvolatile memory is optional, all is being stored using data because system can be created so that It can get in device.Typical computer system would generally include at least processor, memory and coupling the memory to processor Equipment (for example, bus).

Software is generally stored inside in nonvolatile memory and/or driving unit.In fact, for large program, even Possibly entire program can not be stored in memory.It will be appreciated, however, that for running software, if necessary, moved To the computer-readable position of suitable processing, and for illustrative purposes, which is referred to herein as memory.Even if Memory is moved to for when executing, processor would generally also to store associated with software using hardware register in software Value and using be ideally used to accelerate execute local cache.As used in this article, when software program is expressed For " in computer-readable medium realize " when, software program is assumed to be stored in any known or convenient position (from non- Volatile storage is to hardware register).When what at least one value associated with program was stored in that processor can be read posts When in storage, it is believed that processor " is configured as executing program ".

Bus also couples the processor to network interface device.Interface may include in modem or network interface It is one or more.It should be appreciated that modem or network interface are considered a part for computer system.Interface can To include analog modem, isdn modems, cable modem, token ring interface, satellite transmission interface (example Such as, " direct PC ") or for by other interfaces of coupled computer systems to other computer systems.Interface may include One or more input and/or output equipment.I/O equipment may include, such as, but not limited to：Keyboard, mouse or other instructions Equipment, disc driver, printer, scanner and other inputs and/or output equipment, including display equipment.Show equipment May include, such as, but not limited to：Cathode-ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD) or some other applicable known Or easily show equipment.For simplicity, it is assumed that the controller for any equipment that do not describe in the embodiment of Figure 23 is located at In interface.

In operation, computer system 2300 can be by the operation of the file management systems such as including disc operating system System software controls.The operating system software of associated file management system software another example is from Washington Microsoft Corporation (Microsoft) of state Redmond is referred to asOperating system family And its associated file management system.The another of operating system software with its associated file management system software shows Example is (SuSE) Linux OS and its associated file management system.File management system is generally stored inside non-volatile memories In device and/or driving unit, and causes processor execution operating system to output and input data and store data in and deposit Various actions in reservoir needed for (including the storage file on nonvolatile memory and/or driving unit).

The some parts of detailed description can pass through the algorithm and symbol of the operation to data bit in computer storage It indicates to present.These algorithm descriptions and expression are that the technical staff of data processing field is used for most effectively by the reality of its work Matter is communicated to the means of others skilled in the art.Herein and usually, algorithm is considered as oneself for generating expected result The consistent sequence of operation.These operations are the operations needed to the physical manipulation of physical quantity.Although in general, not necessarily, these Amount is taken can be by storage, the form of the electrical or magnetic signal for transmission, combining, comparing and otherwise manipulating.By these signals It indicates to prove with bit, value, element, symbol, character, term, number etc. sometimes convenient, is primarily due to generally to use Reason.

It should be borne in mind, however, that all these and similar terms should be all associated with appropriate physical quantity, and only It is the facilitate label applied to this tittle.Unless expressly stated otherwise, such as according to following discussion it will be evident that it should be understood that entire In specification, using such as " handling " or " calculate (computing) " or " calculating (calculating) " or " determinations " or " show Show " etc. terms discussion refer to computer system or similar electronic computing device activity and process, the computer system Or similar electronic computing device manipulates physics (electronics) amount being represented as in the register and memory of computer system Data are simultaneously converted into the memory for being similarly represented as computer system or register or other such information are deposited Other data of physical quantity in storage, transmission or display equipment.

Algorithm and display presented herein be not inherently related to any specific computer or other devices.Respectively Kind general-purpose system can be used together with program according to the teaching of this article, or construct more dedicated device to execute some implementations The method of scheme may be proved to be convenient.The required structure of these various systems will be apparent according to the following description.Separately Outside, these technologies are described without reference to any specific programming language, and therefore each embodiment can use it is various Programming language is realized.

In an alternate embodiment, machine is run as independent equipment, or can be connected (e.g., networked) to other Machine.In networked deployment, machine can be transported in client-server network environment as server or client machine Row, or run as peer machines in equity (or distributed) network environment.

Machine can be server computer, client computer, personal computer (PC), tablet PC, calculating on knee Machine, set-top box (STB), personal digital assistant (PDA), cellular phone, iPhone, blackberry device (Blackberry), processor, Telephone set, the network equipment, network router, interchanger or bridge or it is able to carry out the action to be carried out by the machine of regulation Finger collection enable any machine of (sequence or other).

Although machine readable media or machine readable storage medium are shown as single medium in an exemplary embodiment, But term " machine readable media " and " machine readable storage medium " should be considered as including the one or more instruction set of storage Single medium or multiple media (for example, centralized or distributed database, and/or associated cache and service Device).Term " machine readable media " and " machine readable storage medium " shall also be taken to include and can store, encode or carry For being executed by machine and being caused machine to execute any one or more of presently disclosed technology and the method for innovation side Any medium of the instruction set of method.

In general, operating system or specific can be used as by being executed to implement the routine of the embodiment of present disclosure Using, component, program, object, module or be referred to as " computer program " instruction sequence a part realize.Computer program One or more instructions are generally included, the one or more instruction is arranged each memory in a computer in different time and deposits It stores up in equipment, and when being read and executed by one or more of computer processing unit or processor so that computer is held Row operation is to execute the element for the various aspects for being related to present disclosure.

Although in addition, describe embodiment in the case of fully functional computer and computer system, It will be appreciated, however, by one skilled in the art that each embodiment can be in a variety of manners distributed as program product, and the disclosure Content is equally applicable, but regardless of the specific type for the practical machine for realizing distribution or computer-readable medium how.

Other examples of machine readable storage medium, machine readable media or computer-readable (storage) medium include but not It is limited to：Recordable-type media, such as volatile and non-volatile memory device, floppy disk and other removable disks, hard disk drive Dynamic device, CD (for example, compact disc read-only memory (CD ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) etc.) etc.；And transmission type media, it is all Such as digital and analog communication link.

Unless context clearly requires otherwise, in entire disclosure and claims, word " including (comprise) ", " including (comprising) " etc. should be explained with inclusive meaning, rather than with meaning exclusive or exhausted Justice is explained；That is, being explained in the sense that " including but not limited to ".As used in this article, term " connection ", " coupling " or its any variant refer to any direct or indirect connection or coupling between two or more elements；Element it Between connection coupling can be physics, logic or combinations thereof.In addition, when used in this application, word is " herein In ", " more than ", the word of " following " and similar meaning should all refer to entire the application, any spy without referring to the application Determine part.Under where the context permits, also may be used using the word of singular or plural in above " specific implementation mode " part To include respectively plural number or odd number.In the list for referring to two or more, word "or" cover word it is all with Lower explanation：Any combinations of all items in any item, list in list and the item in list.

The discussed in detail above of the embodiment of present disclosure is not intended to exhaustive or is limited to introduction above Disclosed precise forms.Although specific embodiment and the implementation of present disclosure are described above for illustrative purposes Example, but be possible scope of the present disclosure interior various equivalent modifications as those skilled in the relevant art will be recognized that 's.Although for example, being presented in a given order process or block, alternate embodiment can be executed with different order The routine of step or the system for using the block with different order, and some processes or block can be deleted, move, add Add, segment, combine, and/or change to provide replacement or sub-portfolio.These processes or it is in the block each can be with a variety of different Mode is realized.In addition, although process or block are shown as serially executing sometimes, these processes or block can alternatively simultaneously Row executes, or can execute in different times.In addition, any specific number indicated herein is only example：It substitutes Different value or ranges may be used in realization.

The introduction of present disclosure provided herein can be applied to other systems, and be not necessarily above system.It can To combine the element of above-mentioned each embodiment and act to provide other embodiments.

Above-mentioned any patent and application and other bibliography, including may be listed in the presenting a paper of accompanying Any document, is both incorporated herein by reference.If necessary, the various aspects of present disclosure can be changed to use above-mentioned each ginseng The system, function and concept of document are examined to provide the also other embodiments of present disclosure.

According to above-mentioned " specific implementation mode " part, these and other changes can be carried out to present disclosure.Although with It is upper to describe certain embodiments of present disclosure, and contemplated optimal mode is described, but it is no matter above-mentioned interior How is the level of detail that appearance is presented on word, and introduction can be implemented in many ways.The details of system is thin in its realization There can be very big difference on section, and still be covered by subject matter disclosed herein.As described above, in the certain of description present disclosure The specific term used when features or aspect should not be regarded as indicating, which is redefined herein is limited to this public affairs Open any specific feature associated with the term, the features or aspect of content.In general, should not will make in appended claims Term is construed to present disclosure being limited to specific embodiment disclosed in specification, unless the above " specific implementation Mode " partly explicitly defines such term.Therefore, the actual range of present disclosure includes not only disclosed implementation Scheme, and include all equivalent ways that present disclosure is practiced or carried out under the claims.

Although some aspects of present disclosure are provided with certain claim forms below, inventor is expected to appoint The various aspects of the present disclosure of the claim form of what number.Although for example, present disclosure only one in terms of with According to 35U.S.C. § 112,Device add the form of function claim to be listed, but other aspect can also be carried out For device plus function claim or other forms, such as implemented with computer-readable medium.(it is intended to according to 35U.S.C. § 112,Any claim to handle will be started with word " device being used for ... ".) therefore, applicant, which is retained in, to be carried It hands over application to increase the right of appended claims later and seeks power additional in this way with other aspects for present disclosure Profit requires form.

Detailed description provided herein can be applied to other systems, and not necessarily be only applied to system described above. The element of the various embodiments described above and action can be combined to provide the other realization of the present invention.Some of the present invention, which substitute, to be realized It may include not only the add ons for being added to those discussed above and realizing, but also may include less element.According to above-mentioned " specific implementation mode " part can carry out the present invention these and other change.Although above description defines the present invention Some embodiments, and describe contemplated optimal mode, but no matter the level of detail that the above is presented on word such as What, the present invention can many modes implement.The details of system can change very greatly in its specific implementation, and still by public herein The present invention opened is covered.As described above, the specific term used in certain features or aspect of the description present invention should not It is considered indicating, which is redefined any specific spy associated with the term for being limited to the present invention herein Property, features or aspect.In general, the term used in appended claims should not be construed to limit the invention to specification Disclosed in specific embodiment, unless above " specific implementation mode " partly explicitly defines such term.Therefore, this hair Bright actual range includes not only the disclosed embodiments, but also includes all equivalent ways that the present invention is practiced or carried out.

Claims

1. a kind of method of the focusing pulse signal transmission in multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment, the method includes：

In the multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment from single transmitting antenna (610) by burst signal via multiple paths (640-660)) transmission (1210) arrive reception antenna (620),

Wherein, the burst signal includes at least one signal pulse；

When identification receives the burst signal by the reception antenna via each path in the multiple path and institute State the corresponding timing information of burst signal and phase information (1120)；

Transmission associated with the transmitting antenna is configured based on the timing information and phase information, and (1230) are set,

Wherein, pulse wireless electric power is transmitted signal focus so that the reception antenna receives by the transmission setting；With

The pulse wireless electric power is transmitted into signal transmission to the reception antenna (1240).

2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the transmission setting inverts the timing information, for by described Reception antenna receives the pulse wireless electric power via two or more paths in the multiple path and transmits signal simultaneously.

3. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein, the transmission setting adjusts the phase information, for being connect by described It receives antenna and in phase or with standardizing receives the impulse radio via two or more paths in the multiple path Power transmits signal.

4. according to the method described in claim 3, wherein, via two or more path transmissions in the multiple path The pulse wireless electric power transmits signal constructive interference to generate " pulse " of higher energy.

5. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the timing information and phase information include being originated from the reception of string transmission Signal, including time of arrival (toa), signal amplitude and signal phase.

6. according to the method described in claim 5, wherein, by with less than the signal of the amplitude of threshold value received from described fixed When information and phase information in omit.

7. according to the method described in claim 1, further including：

The burst signal is resend into receiver antenna via more than second a paths after trigger event；

When identification receives the burst signal by the reception antenna via each path in more than described second a paths The second timing information corresponding with the burst signal and phase information；With

Transmission setting associated with the transmitting antenna is reconfigured based on second timing information and phase information.

8. according to the method described in claim 7, wherein, the pulse wireless electric power transmission signal be transmitted up to predetermined amount when Between, and wherein, the trigger event includes expiring for predetermined amount of time.

9. according to the method described in claim 8, further including：

Receive the feedback about the electric power received from pulse wireless electric power transmission signal at the reception antenna；With

The feedback is compared with expected power gain,

Wherein, the trigger event includes that the feedback is different from the expected power gain.

10. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein, the timing information and phase information are received received from wireless power Device client.

11. a kind of device, including：

One or more computer readable storage mediums；With

The program instruction being stored on one or more of computer readable storage mediums, wherein described program instruction by Processing system indicates the processing system when executing：

Single transmitting antenna is guided to pass burst signal via multiple paths in the multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment It is defeated to arrive reception antenna,

Wherein, the burst signal includes at least one signal pulse；

When identification receives the burst signal by the reception antenna via each path in the multiple path and institute State the corresponding timing information of burst signal and phase information；

Transmission setting associated with the transmitting antenna is configured based on the timing information and phase information,

Guide the signal transmitting antenna that the pulse wireless electric power is transmitted signal transmission to the reception antenna.

12. according to the devices described in claim 11, wherein the transmission setting inverts the timing information, for by institute Reception antenna is stated via two or more paths in the multiple path while receiving the pulse wireless electric power transmission letter Number.

13. device according to claim 12, wherein the transmission setting adjusts the phase information, to be connect by described It receives antenna and in phase or with standardizing receives the impulse radio via two or more paths in the multiple path Power transmits signal.

14. device according to claim 13, wherein via two or more path transmissions in the multiple path The pulse wireless electric power transmission signal constructive interference with formed be derived from signal be added pulse amplitude increase.

15. according to the devices described in claim 11, wherein the timing information and phase information include being originated from connecing for string transmission The collection of letters number, including time of arrival (toa), signal amplitude and signal phase.

16. device according to claim 15, wherein have the signal of the amplitude less than threshold value received by from described It is omitted in timing information and phase information.

17. according to the devices described in claim 11, wherein described program instruction is also indicated when being executed by the processing system The processing system：

Receive the feedback about the electric power received from pulse wireless electric power transmission signal at the reception antenna；

The feedback is compared with expected power gain；

Recalibration event is triggered when the feedback is with expected electric power paddy difference.

18. the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the timing information and phase information are from wireless power receiver visitor What family end received.

19. a kind of Wireless power transmission system, including：

Adaptive phased antenna array with multiple radio frequencies (RF) transceiver；

Control circuit is configured to：

Guide the single transmitting antenna of the adaptive phased antenna array in multi-path wireless electric power delivery environment by pulse String signal is via multiple path transmissions to reception antenna, wherein the burst signal includes at least one signal pulse；

Transmission setting associated with the transmitting antenna is configured based on the timing information and phase information, wherein the transmission Pulse wireless electric power is transmitted signal focus so that the reception antenna receives by setting；And

20. Wireless power transmission system according to claim 19, wherein the transmission setting is anti-by the timing information Turn, for receiving the pulse wireless simultaneously via two or more paths in the multiple path by the reception antenna Power transmission signal.