CN108356336A - The method of the contour shape in the cross section of knife grain, change milling cutter, knife grain and rail - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cutter particle, a method for changing the profile shape of a milling cutter and the cutter particle, and a method for changing the profile shape of the cross section of a steel rail. The method of changing the profile shape of the cutter grains of the milling cutter includes: changing the thickness of each of the cutter grains; and/or changing the shape of the side of each of the cutter grains. According to the method for changing the contour shape of the cutter grain of the milling cutter according to the embodiment of the present invention, the contour shape of the cutter grain can be changed, and then the contour shape of the milling cutter can be changed, so that the rail can be repaired and processed into a special cross-sectional contour shape.

Description

Grain, method of changing profile shape of milling cutter, grain and cross-section of rail

technical field

The invention relates to the field of mechanical processing and railway track maintenance, in particular to a cutter grain, a method for changing the profile shape of a milling cutter and the cutter grain, and a method for changing the profile shape of a cross-section of a rail.

Background technique

After the rail has been used for a period of time, due to abrasion, the profile shape of the cross section of the rail will change, destroying the wheel-rail relationship, resulting in a reduction in the life of the wheel and rail, and affecting the safety of train operation. Therefore, it is very important to restore the worn cross-sectional profile shape of the rail to a standard profile shape or a prescribed profile shape.

The contour shape of the cross section of the rail can be achieved by a rail grinding car. The rail grinding vehicle arranges a certain number of grinding wheels at different angles along the profile shape of the cross section of the rail, and the grinding wheels are driven by a motor so as to grind the rail by rotation. When the special contour shape of the rail is to be implemented, the special contour shape can be realized by changing the angle of the motor where the grinding wheel is located and the pressure that the grinding wheel acts on the rail. However, the rail grinding car is prone to dust, which is not suitable for the contour shape repair of the rail in the tunnel section, so the rail milling and grinding car can only be used to restore the profile shape of the cross section of the rail in the tunnel section.

However, the profile shape of the cutting tool of the existing rail milling and grinding vehicle is designed as the profile shape of the standard rail, and the rail with the profile shape of the special cross section cannot be repaired or processed.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is in order to overcome the problem that prior art exists, provide the method for changing the outline shape of milling cutter and cutter grain thereof and the method for changing the outline shape of the cross-section of steel rail, by utilizing this change milling cutter and cutter grain thereof The profile shape method enables the milling cutter to repair and process the rail into a profile shape with a special cross section.

In order to achieve the above object, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for changing the contour shape of the cutter grains of a milling cutter, the method comprising: changing the thickness of each of the cutter grains; and/or changing the thickness of each of the knife grains shape of the side.

According to the method of changing the contour shape of the cutter grain of the milling cutter according to the embodiment of the present invention, the contour shape of the cutter grain can be changed, and then the contour shape of the milling cutter can be changed, so that the rail can be repaired and processed into a contour shape with a special cross section .

Preferably, the side surfaces of each of the knife grains are planar or hypotenuse.

Preferably, the edge of the side of each cutter grain away from the central axis of rotation of the cutter head of the milling cutter is a hypotenuse.

Preferably, a plurality of the cutter grains in each cutter bead groove of the milling cutter form a contour shape with a smooth transition.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for changing the contour shape of a milling cutter, the milling cutter comprising a cutter head, the cutter head is provided with a plurality of bead grooves and a plurality of collecting grooves, a plurality of the bead grooves are arranged along the The cutter head is arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and each of the cutter grain grooves is provided with a plurality of cutter particles, and the plurality of collecting grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter head, and the plurality of collecting grooves One-to-one correspondence with a plurality of knife grain grooves, the method includes: changing the thickness of each knife grain; and/or changing the shape of the side surface of each knife grain.

The method for changing the contour shape of the milling cutter according to the embodiment of the present invention can change the contour shape of the milling cutter, so that the rail can be repaired and processed into a contour shape with a special cross section.

Preferably, the side surface of each knife grain is a quadrangle or a hypotenuse.

Preferably, the edge of the side of each cutter grain away from the central axis of rotation of the cutter head is a hypotenuse.

Preferably, the plurality of knives in each of the knives form a contour shape with a smooth transition.

The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for changing the contour shape of the cross-section of the rail, the method for changing the contour shape of the cross-section of the rail includes the following steps: using the method for changing the contour shape of the milling cutter according to the second aspect of the present invention The method changes the profile shape of a milling cutter; and processes a rail using the milling cutter.

A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a cutter grain for a milling cutter, wherein the sides of the cutter grain are planar or hypotenuse.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a milling cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a milling cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a cutter grain of a milling cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

The present invention provides a method of changing the profile shape of the bead 120 of the milling cutter 10 . The method for changing the profile shape of the cutter grain 120 of the milling cutter 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

varying the thickness of each blade 120; and/or

The shape of the sides of each blade 120 is changed.

According to the method of changing the contour shape of the cutter grain 120 of the milling cutter 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the contour shape of the cutter grain 120 can be changed, and then the contour shape of the milling cutter 10 can be changed, so that the contour shape of the milling cutter 10 can be changed. The rail 20 is repaired and processed. This overcomes the problem that existing milling cutters and rail milling vehicles can only repair and process rails with standard cross-sectional profile shapes, but cannot repair and process rails 20 into special cross-sectional profile shapes. defect.

A method of changing the contour shape of a cutter head of a milling cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the cutter head 110 of the milling cutter 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a plurality of cutting grooves 111 and a plurality of collecting grooves 112 (for collecting metal shavings). A plurality of cutter grain grooves 111 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 110, and a plurality of collecting grooves 112 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 110. 111 cooperation. In other words, the number of collecting grooves 112 may be equal to the number of cutting edge grooves 111 , and one collecting groove 112 cooperates with one cutting edge groove 111 to collect the metal shavings milled by the cutting edges 120 in the cutting edge groove 111 .

Wherein, use at least one of the following four ways to change the contour shape of the cutter head 110 of the milling cutter 10,

Mode A): changing the angle between the extension direction of each knife bead groove 111 and the rotation center axis L of the cutter head 110, and each knife bean groove 111 extends along the thickness direction of the cutter head 110;

Mode B): changing the vertical distance S1 between the outside (outer end) of each knife grain groove 111 and the rotation center axis L of the cutter head 110;

Mode C): changing the vertical distance S2 between the inner side (inner end) of each cutter grain groove 111 and the rotation center axis L of the cutter head 110;

Mode D): changing the depth of each knife bead groove 111 .

The inner and outer directions are shown by arrow G in Fig. 1 .

According to the method for changing the contour shape of the cutter head 110 of the milling cutter 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the contour shape of the cutter head 110 can be changed, and then the contour shape of the milling cutter 10 can be changed, so that the contour shape of the milling cutter 10 can be changed. The rail 20 is repaired and processed. This overcomes the problem that existing milling cutters and rail milling vehicles can only repair and process rails with standard cross-sectional profile shapes, but cannot repair and process rails 20 into special cross-sectional profile shapes. defect.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the method A) may further include: changing the angle between the extension direction of each collection groove 112 and the rotation center axis L of the cutter head 110, and each collection groove 112 may be along the direction of the cutter head 110. Extending in the thickness direction; the method B) may further include: changing the vertical distance between the outside of each collection groove 112 and the rotation center axis L of the cutterhead 110; the method C) may further include: changing the inside and outside of each collection groove 112 The vertical distance of the rotation center axis L of the cutter head 110 . In this way, not only the structure of the milling cutter 10 and the cutter head 110 can be made more reasonable, but also the rail 20 can be better repaired and processed into a profile shape with a special cross section.

Preferably, a plurality of knife grains 120 in each knife grain groove 111 can form a contour shape with a smooth transition.

The invention also provides a method of changing the profile shape of the milling cutter 10 . The milling cutter 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a cutter head 110 provided with a plurality of cutting grooves 111 and a plurality of collection grooves 112 (for collecting metal shavings). A plurality of knife grain grooves 111 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 110, and each knife grain groove 111 is provided with a plurality of knife grains 120, and a plurality of collection grooves 112 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter head 110, The plurality of collecting grooves 112 are matched with the plurality of cutter grain grooves 111 in one-to-one correspondence.

Wherein, at least one of the following six ways is used to change the contour shape of the milling cutter 10,

Mode A): changing the angle between the extension direction of each knife bead groove 111 and the rotation center axis L of the cutter head 110, and each knife bean groove 111 extends along the thickness direction of the cutter head 110;

Mode B): changing the vertical distance S1 between the outside (outer end) of each knife grain groove 111 and the rotation center axis L of the cutter head 110;

Mode C): changing the vertical distance S2 between the inner side (inner end) of each cutter grain groove 111 and the rotation center axis L of the cutter head 110;

Mode D): changing the depth of each knife grain groove 111;

Mode E): changing the thickness of each blade 120;

Mode F): changing the shape of the side surface 121 of each knife grain 120 .

According to the method for changing the contour shape of the milling cutter 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the contour shape of the milling cutter 10 can be changed, so that the rail 20 with a special cross-sectional contour shape can be repaired and processed. This overcomes the problem that existing milling cutters and rail milling and grinding vehicles can only repair and process rails with standard cross-sectional profile shapes, but cannot repair and process rails 20 into special cross-sectional profile shapes. defect.

By using the method of changing the profile shape of the milling cutter 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the profile shape of the milling cutter 10 can be matched with the profile shape of a special cross section of the rail 20 . By changing the profile shape of the cross section of the cutter head 110 (the surface formed after the outer peripheral surface of the cutter head 110 is developed), the cutting amount of the milling cutter 10 on both sides of the rail can be increased or decreased.

Specifically, the profile shape of the cross-section of the cutter head 110 of the milling cutter 10 matches the profile shape of the special cross-section of the rail 20, and the cutter grain groove 111 of each row and its adjacent collection groove 112 and the cutter head 110 The included angle of the rotation center axis L (horizontal line) of the steel rail 20 matches the angle between the special cross-sectional profile shape of the rail 20 and the rotation center axis L of the cutter head 110, and the cutter grains 120 present different heights and form a smooth transition A profile shape that matches the profile shape of the particular cross-section of the rail 20.

Preferably, the outside of each row of knife bead grooves 111 and the outside of its adjacent collection groove 112 match the outside of the profile shape of the special cross section of the rail 20, and the inside of each row of knife bean grooves 111 and their adjacent collection grooves 112 The inner side of the adjacent collecting channel 112 is adapted to the inner side of the specific cross-sectional contour shape of the rail 20 . The tangent line at any position on each row of knife grain grooves 111 and its adjacent collection grooves 112 is parallel to the tangent line at the corresponding position on the profile shape of the special cross section of the rail 20 .

In an example of the present invention, the method A) may further include: changing the angle between the extension direction of each collection groove 112 and the rotation center axis L of the cutterhead 110, and each collection groove 112 may be along the thickness of the cutterhead 110 The way B) can further include: changing the vertical distance between the outside (outer end) of each collecting groove 112 and the rotation center axis L of the cutter head 110; this way C) can further include: changing the vertical distance of each collecting groove 112 The vertical distance between the inner side (inner end) of the cutter head 110 and the rotation center axis L of the cutterhead 110. Therefore, not only can the structure of the milling cutter 10 and the cutter head 110 be more reasonable, but also the rail 20 can be better repaired and processed into a profile shape with a special cross section.

Preferably, a plurality of knife grains 120 in each knife grain groove 111 form a contour shape with a smooth transition.

As shown in FIG. 3 , in some examples of the present invention, the side surface 121 of each blade 120 is a quadrilateral or a hypotenuse. As a result, the contour shape of the milling cutter 10 can be changed even better by changing the shape of the side surfaces 121 of the cutter grain 120 .

In a specific example of the present invention, the edge 122 of the side surface 121 of each cutter grain 120 away from the rotation center axis L of the cutter head 110 may be a beveled edge. Thus, the structure of the knife grain 120 can be made more reasonable.

The invention also provides a method of changing the profile shape of the cross-section of the rail 20 . The method for changing the profile shape of the cross-section of the rail 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

Using the method for changing the contour shape of the milling cutter 10 according to the above-described embodiments of the present invention to change the contour shape of the milling cutter 10; and

The rail 20 is processed with the milling cutter 10 , ie the rail 20 is processed with the contour-changing milling cutter 10 .

By using the method for changing the profile shape of the cross section of the rail 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the rail 20 can be repaired and processed into a profile shape with a special cross section. This overcomes the problem that existing milling cutters and rail milling vehicles can only repair and process rails with standard cross-sectional profile shapes, but cannot repair and process rails 20 into special cross-sectional profile shapes. defect.

In describing the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Back", "Left", "Right", "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise", "Axial", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying the referred device or element Must be in a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "connection", "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection , or integrated; can be mechanically connected, can also be electrically connected or can communicate with each other; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediary, can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components, Unless expressly defined otherwise. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first and second feature may be in direct contact with the second feature through an intermediary. touch. Moreover, "above", "above" and "above" the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. "Below", "beneath" and "beneath" the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.

In the description of this specification, descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, those skilled in the art can make the above-mentioned The embodiments are subject to changes, modifications, substitutions and variations.

Claims (10)

1. A method for changing the profile shape of the grain of a milling cutter, comprising: varying the thickness of each of said knives; and/or The shape of the sides of each of the knives is changed. 2. The method for changing the contour shape of the cutter grains of the milling cutter according to claim 1, characterized in that, the side surfaces of each of the cutter grains are planar quadrilaterals or hypotenuse quadrilaterals. 3. The method for changing the contour shape of the cutter grain of a milling cutter according to claim 2, wherein the edge of the side of each said cutter grain away from the central axis of rotation of the cutter head of the milling cutter is oblique side. 4. The method for changing the contour shape of the cutter grain of a milling cutter according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein a plurality of said cutter grains in each cutter grain groove of the milling cutter constitute Outline shapes with smooth transitions. 5. A method for changing the profile shape of a milling cutter, characterized in that, the milling cutter comprises a cutterhead, and the cutterhead is provided with a plurality of cutter grain grooves and a plurality of collection grooves, and a plurality of the cutter blade grooves are arranged along the The circumferential direction of the cutter head is arranged at intervals, each of the cutter grain grooves is provided with a plurality of cutter grains, and the plurality of collecting grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cutter head. The collecting tanks are matched with a plurality of the cutter grain tanks in one-to-one correspondence, and the method includes: varying the thickness of each of said knives; and/or The shape of the sides of each of the knives is changed. 6 . The method for changing the profile shape of a milling cutter according to claim 5 , wherein the side surface of each cutter grain is a quadrangle with flat sides or a quadrangle with hypotenuses. 7 . 7. The method for changing the profile shape of a milling cutter according to claim 6, characterized in that, the edge of the side of each cutter grain away from the central axis of rotation of the cutter head is a hypotenuse. 8. The method for changing the contour shape of a milling cutter according to any one of claims 5-7, characterized in that, a plurality of the cutter grains in each of the cutter grain grooves form a smooth transition contour shape. 9. A method for changing the profile shape of the cross-section of a rail, comprising the following steps: changing the profile shape of a milling cutter using the method of changing the profile shape of a milling cutter according to any one of claims 5-8; and The rail is machined with the milling cutter. 10. A cutter grain for a milling cutter, characterized in that the side surfaces of the cutter grain are planar or hypotenuse quadrilateral.