CN108344724B - Portable wetland soil monitoring devices - Google Patents
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- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
- G01N21/6456—Spatial resolved fluorescence measurements; Imaging
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- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
- G01N2021/6463—Optics
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/645—Specially adapted constructive features of fluorimeters
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Abstract
A portable wetland soil monitoring device comprises a lighttight shell and is characterized by further comprising a fluorescent sensing membrane, an optical conduction unit, a CMOS image sensor, a two-dimensional translation guide rail and a data acquisition module; the optical conduction unit is arranged on a light path from the fluorescence sensing film to the CMOS image sensor and sequentially comprises a plane reflector, an LED light source, an optical lens group and an electric rotary filter, under the uniform irradiation of exciting light emitted by the LED light source, the fluorescence sensing film generates fluorescence with a specific wavelength, the fluorescence is converged by the optical lens and filtered by the electric rotary filter, then the fluorescence is received by the CMOS image sensor and is subjected to signal conversion, and a detection result is obtained after the fluorescence is processed by the data acquisition module. The device can synchronously monitor various important geochemical parameter information in substrates such as water bodies, sediments or wetland soil and the like, and has the advantages of convenience in carrying and throwing, short response time, high spatial resolution (millimeter-submillimeter) and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring, in particular to a detection device for synchronously monitoring various important geochemical parameter information in substrates such as water, sediment or wetland soil and the like.
Background
With the frequent occurrence of water environment and water ecological problems (black and odorous water body, blue algae bloom, near-sea green tide, red tide and the like), the living environment of human beings is seriously influenced and the health of the human bodies is threatened. The method has the advantages that the on-site monitoring of water and sediments in the wetland soil is realized, the basic information such as the types and concentration of pollutants in the sediments, the pollution range and degree, the pollution source and the transfer path can be accurately mastered, and the basic data support is provided for the evaluation and prediction of the sediment pollution risk. The development of sediment in-situ monitoring is a field which needs to be developed urgently for water environment monitoring.
However, the field monitoring of the environmental quality of water and sediments in wetland soil always has great technical obstacles, which are difficult points and blind areas of water environment monitoring. Only a few existing devices can meet the requirements of indoor simulation research and cannot meet the requirements of field large-scale application. The field monitoring of the sediment becomes a technical barrier to be urgently broken through in the field of water environment monitoring.
At present, equipment applied to sediment detection is developed, but equipment for detecting chemical indexes of sediment is quite limited. Currently, typical sediment detection equipment mainly comprises an Itrax core scanning analyzer, a Unisense water-sediment interface analyzer and a Fibox series oxygen measuring instrument. In view of the heterogeneity of the height space of the sediment and the destructiveness of the ectopic acquisition method to the sediment detection information, the realization of the two-dimensional synchronous detection of the sediment is the trend of the development of sediment detection equipment. The Fibox series oxygen measuring instrument can measure chemical indexes such as dissolved oxygen, but a single-point position detection mode cannot reflect the characteristic of high spatial heterogeneity of sediments. The Unisense microelectrode system can acquire one-dimensional high-resolution information of a single chemical index, the number of measured parameters is limited, and the microelectrode is extremely easy to damage and is not beneficial to field detection. The Itrax core scanning analyzer is large in size, difficult to apply to a detection site of a natural environment, and incapable of obtaining various important sediment environment parameters such as dissolved oxygen, pH, available phosphorus, available iron distribution change and the like.
The advent of planar optode technology has provided a new approach to in-situ monitoring of deposits. The plane optode technology (PO) mainly uses a PO sensing membrane, a fluorescent dye on the PO sensing membrane generates photoluminescence under the irradiation of an excitation light source, the optical property of the fluorescent dye changes after the fluorescent dye contacts with a substance to be detected, an optical picture before and after the sensing membrane contacts with the substance to be detected is captured by a camera or other photosensitive elements, and the content and two-dimensional spatial distribution information of the substance to be detected are quantified according to the change of the optical property. After the sensing film and the imaging system are integrated by the planar optode technology, the whole planar optode system can be installed on site for in-situ monitoring. The current plane optode technology is mainly applied to the fields of marine sediments, soil science, plant nutrition and environmental science, and DO, pH and pCO are realized2、NH4 +、SO2，Fe2+Detection of (3). However, the technical bottleneck always exists in the aspect of equipment miniaturization, the field application of the planar optode technology is restricted by the overlarge volume, and the development of portable sediment in-situ monitoring equipment is a necessary way.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of field monitoring equipment for the environmental quality of water and sediment in wetland soil in China and the difficulty faced by the miniaturization of planar optode equipment, the invention aims to provide a portable wetland soil monitoring device, which is based on the planar optode technology (PO) and realizes the probe-type acquisition of large-view-field two-dimensional fluorescence information by establishing rotary target wheel filtering and guide rail scanning imaging to form a miniaturized fluorescence detection system; the fluorescence detection system and the fluorescence sensing film are integrated, and the fluorescence detection system has the advantages of convenience in carrying and putting, short response time, high spatial resolution (millimeter-submillimeter) and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a portable wetland soil monitoring device comprises a lighttight shell and is characterized by further comprising a fluorescent sensing membrane, an optical conduction unit, a CMOS image sensor, a two-dimensional translation guide rail and a data acquisition module; a transparent window mirror is arranged on one side of the shell, and a fluorescent sensing film is arranged on the outer side of the window mirror; the optical conduction unit is arranged in a mode that the optical conduction unit sequentially comprises a plane reflector, an LED light source, an optical lens group and an electric rotary filter on a light path from the fluorescent sensing film to the CMOS image sensor, excitation light emitted by the LED light source is reflected by the plane reflector and then uniformly irradiates the fluorescent sensing film, fluorescence generated by the fluorescent sensing film is reflected by the plane reflector, then is converged by the optical lens group and is filtered by the electric rotary filter, and then is imaged and converted on the CMOS image sensor; the optical conduction unit and the CMOS image sensor form a linkage whole which is arranged on the two-dimensional translation guide rail; the data acquisition module is connected with the CMOS image sensor and acquires and processes the acquired fluorescence image signal.
Further, the LED light source comprises a plurality of LED lamps with the same wavelength, an annular light distribution mode is adopted, namely an annular LED module is adopted, the LED lamps are distributed on an outer ring of a light path in the optical conduction unit and are distributed uniformly and annularly, so that excitation light irradiated to the fluorescence sensing film (PO film layer) is subjected to incoherent superposition to obtain excitation light with high uniformity, a stable uniform irradiation light field is formed, and measurement deviation caused by nonuniformity of the excitation light is reduced.
The fluorescent sensing membrane includes various PO sensing membranes known in the art, including detecting Dissolved Oxygen (DO), pH, pCO2、NH4 +、SO2，Fe2+One or more of the PO sensing membranes with equal parameters. Response time of the PO sensing membrane<20min。
Preferably, in the device, the plane mirror and the plane where the fluorescence sensing film is located form an angle of 45 degrees.
Preferably, the optical lens group further comprises a focal length adjusting device. Furthermore, the optical lens group adopts a glass lens, and comprises three optical lenses arranged below and three optical lenses arranged above, and a main optical axis of the optical lens group forms an angle of 45 degrees with the plane reflector and is parallel to the plane of the fluorescent sensing film. The electric rotating filter is positioned between the upper optical lens and the lower optical lens.
The electric rotary optical filters are a plurality of optical filters arranged on the electric rotary disk, and the electric rotary optical filters are parallel to the optical lens. The electric rotating disk is provided with filters with different light transmission characteristics, such as a 450nm high-pass long-wave filter, a 560nm high-pass long-wave filter and the like. And according to different detection target parameters, corresponding optical filters on an optical path are automatically switched by the electric rotating disk, so that the rotating target wheel filtering is realized.
The CMOS image sensor is arranged at the tail end of the optical path, is positioned on the focal plane of the optical lens group, receives the fluorescence of the optical conduction unit, and performs imaging and signal conversion on the CMOS image sensor. The CMOS image sensor and the optical conduction unit are a linkage whole, and the CMOS image sensor and the optical conduction unit are fixedly connected onto the two-dimensional translation guide rail, so that the CMOS image sensor and the optical conduction unit move in a two-dimensional plane range simultaneously, and a high-precision two-dimensional guide rail scanning system is constructed.
The device combines a rotary target wheel filtering and a high-precision two-dimensional guide rail scanning system, fixes an optical imaging system, a CMOS image sensor, a reflector and an LED light source on the same translation table, vertically and transversely scans an imaging surface (PO film), and acquires full-view-field fluorescence quenching information through splicing scanned images, thereby realizing one-by-one scanning imaging of various PO parameters in the same large view field.
Preferably, the light-tight shell is a cuboid with a 45-degree section at the bottom, a rectangular window mirror with high light transmittance is installed on one side, a fluorescent sensing film is installed on one outward side of the rectangular window mirror, and the window mirror and the plane reflector form an angle of 45 degrees.
The device also comprises a power module and a data acquisition module, wherein the power module provides power for the device, and the data acquisition module is connected with the CMOS image sensor and is used for acquiring and processing fluorescence image signals.
Has the advantages that: according to the portable wetland soil monitoring device, the probe type acquisition of large-field two-dimensional fluorescence information is realized by establishing rotating target wheel filtering and guide rail scanning imaging and light source and light beam converging and homogenizing technologies, so that an original miniaturized fluorescence detection system is formed; and integrating a high-performance system of the fluorescence detection system and the fluorescence sensing film by combining a panoramic image splicing algorithm and data processing. The device has the advantages of convenience in carrying and putting, short response time, high spatial resolution (millimeter-submillimeter) and the like, the application of the device can remarkably promote the conversion of sediment monitoring from an ectopic position to an original position, and simultaneously, the monitoring frequency of the sediment and the space-time scale of the monitoring index can be greatly improved, and the front-edge development requirements of sediment foundations and application disciplines can be met.
1. The invention realizes the probe type acquisition of large-view-field two-dimensional fluorescence information by establishing the technologies of rotating target wheel filtering, guide rail scanning imaging, light source and light beam convergence and homogenization, and forms an original miniaturized fluorescence detection system;
2. the device has short response time (PO index)<20min), high spatial resolution (mm-submillimeter), multiple measurement parameters (DO, pH, pCO)2、NH4 +、SO2，Fe2+Etc.), has wide application range, and can be applied to the fields of marine sediments, soil science, plant nutrition and environmental science;
3. the traditional sediment monitoring equipment can only realize the monitoring of one point, if high-resolution two-dimensional data is obtained, a large number of electrodes are needed for supporting, the cost is undoubtedly greatly increased, and the measuring process is complicated. The device can obtain real-time dynamic change information of a two-dimensional section of the sediment, and solves the problem of high-resolution measurement of a two-dimensional space; the device has the advantages of convenient carrying and putting;
4. the device fills the blank of in-situ monitoring means of the sediment on site, can be used as a normalized device to be adopted by an environment monitoring department, and carries out daily monitoring, pollution risk evaluation and quality standard formulation on the sediment environment quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a portable wetland soil monitoring device of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of different arrangement methods of a PO sensing membrane when a portable wetland soil monitoring device of the invention simultaneously measures various parameters;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the annular light distribution of the LED light source in the portable wetland soil monitoring device of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a path diagram of an optical system of the portable wetland soil monitoring device of the invention;
fig. 5 is a real-time pH and DO two-dimensional information graph obtained by the portable wetland soil monitoring device of the invention.
Detailed Description
The device of the invention is further described below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments. However, these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention, and structural, methodological, or functional equivalents and modifications based on these embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a portable wetland soil monitoring device, which aims at the defects of on-site monitoring equipment for the environment quality of sediments in wetland soil in China and the difficulty of miniaturization of planar optical equipment, and comprises a fluorescent sensing film, an optical conduction unit, a CMOS image sensor, a two-dimensional translation guide rail, a lightproof shell, a power supply and a data acquisition module; one or more fluorescent sensing films are arranged on the outer side of a transparent window mirror of the lightproof shell, and the optical conduction unit and the CMOS image sensor form a linkage and are integrally arranged on the two-dimensional translation guide rail. The optical conduction unit of the device sequentially comprises a plane reflector, an LED light source, an optical lens group and an electric rotary filter on a light path from the fluorescent sensing film unit to the CMOS image sensor. Under the uniform irradiation of exciting light emitted by the LED light source, the fluorescence sensing film generates fluorescence with specific wavelength, the fluorescence is collected by the optical lens group and filtered by the electric rotating optical filter, then the fluorescence is received by the CMOS image sensor and is subjected to signal conversion, and a detection result is obtained after the fluorescence is processed by the data acquisition module.
The portable wetland soil monitoring device is based on a plane optical pole technology, realizes probe type acquisition of large-field two-dimensional fluorescence information by establishing rotary target wheel filtering and guide rail scanning imaging and light source and light beam converging and homogenizing technologies, and forms an original miniaturized fluorescence detection system; and combining a panoramic image splicing algorithm and a data processing system to integrate a fluorescence detection system and a high-performance system of the fluorescence sensing film. The device has the advantages of convenience in carrying and putting, short response time, high spatial resolution (millimeter-submillimeter) and the like, the application of the device can remarkably promote the conversion of sediment monitoring from an ectopic position to an original position, and simultaneously can greatly improve the sediment monitoring frequency and the space-time scale of monitoring indexes and meet the front-edge development requirements of sediment foundations and application disciplines.
Example 1
As shown in the schematic structural diagram of fig. 1, the portable wetland soil monitoring device of the invention comprises a fluorescent sensing membrane 1, an optical conduction unit 2, a CMOS image sensor 3, a two-dimensional translation guide rail 4, a lighttight shell 5, a data acquisition module 6 and a power supply. The optical transmission unit 2 of the device sequentially comprises a plane reflector 7, an LED light source 8, three optical lenses 9 arranged below, an electric rotating filter 10 and three optical lenses 11 arranged above on the light path from the fluorescent sensing film 1 to the CMOS image sensor 3. Under the uniform irradiation of exciting light emitted by the LED light source 8, the fluorescence sensing film 1 generates fluorescence with specific wavelength, the fluorescence is collected by the optical lens group and filtered by the electric rotating optical filter 10, then the fluorescence is received by the CMOS image sensor 3 and is subjected to signal conversion, and a detection result is obtained after the fluorescence is processed by the data acquisition module 6.
The lightproof shell 5 is a cuboid with a 45-degree section at the bottom, a rectangular window mirror 12 with high light transmittance is arranged on one side, a fluorescent sensing film 1 is arranged on the outward side of the rectangular window mirror 12, and the rectangular window mirror 12 and the plane reflector 7 form a 45-degree angle. The fluorescent sensing film 1 arranged on the rectangular window mirror 12 is contacted with a substrate to be detected, and different substrates can change the fluorescent characteristic of the sensing film.
The fluorescence sensing membrane 1 is a PO sensing membrane and comprises detecting Dissolved Oxygen (DO), pH and pCO2、NH4 +、SO2、Fe2+The PO sensing membranes with equal parameters can be replaced according to the requirement of the detection target, or more than 2 PO sensing membranes can be arranged on the rectangular window mirror 12. As shown in FIG. 2, when the device of the present invention simultaneously measures a plurality of parameters, different PO sensing membranes are vertically arranged in parallel and fixed on the window mirror 12 by installing more than 2 PO sensing membranes on the window mirror 12, so that different target parameters of the same depth of deposits can be synchronously measured. Response time of PO sensing membranes<And 20 min. For example, a PO sensing membrane for detecting pH is based on a modified 8-hydroxypyrene-1, 3, 6-trisulfonic acid trisodium salt (HPTS-TOA) fluorescent dye, has quick response time to pH change and uniform signal distribution, and can accurately monitor alkalinity in a pH range of 5.5-8.5; the PO sensing membrane for detecting dissolved oxygen adopts double fluorophores, namely platinum octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) fluorescent dye and reference dye MFY, and accurately detects DO value within the range of 0-100% saturated oxygen concentration level.
The LED light source 8 is composed of a plurality of LED lamps with the same wavelength, and patch type LED lamps are adopted, so that the arrangement density is high, the brightness is strong, and the uniformity is excellent. As shown in fig. 3, the LED light source 8 includes a plurality of LED lamps 14 with the same wavelength, and the LED lamps 14 are distributed on the outer ring of the light path in the optical conduction unit 2 by using an annular light distribution manner, that is, using an annular LED module 15. On the basis, the relationship between the illuminance and factors such as LED spatial distribution, object plane spatial distance, beam divergence angle and the like is numerically simulated through the research of an LED array light irradiance physical model, and the LED array is optimized according to the analysis result to obtain the exciting light with high uniformity.
In the device, a plane reflector 7 and the plane where the fluorescence sensing film 1 is located form an angle of 45 degrees. The optical lens group is provided with a focal length adjusting device, and adopts a glass lens with a specific structure, three lower optical lenses 9 are arranged at the lower side of an electric rotating optical filter 10, three upper optical lenses 11 are arranged at the upper side of the electric rotating optical filter 10, and the optical lenses 9 and 11 and the plane reflector 7 form an angle of 45 degrees and are vertical to the plane of the fluorescent sensing film 1. The electric rotating optical filters 10 are a plurality of optical filters arranged on the electric rotating disc, and the electric rotating optical filters 10 are parallel to the optical lens 9. The electric rotating disk is provided with optical filters with different light transmission characteristics, including a 450nm high-pass long-wave optical filter, a 500nm high-pass long-wave optical filter and the like. And according to different detection target parameters, corresponding optical filters on an optical path are automatically switched by the electric rotating disk, so that the rotating target wheel filtering is realized.
The CMOS image sensor 3 and the optical conduction unit 2 are a linkage whole, are positioned at the tail end of the optical path, are arranged at the upper part of the optical conduction unit 2 and are positioned on the focal plane of the optical lens group.
Exciting light generated by an LED light source 8 is reflected by a plane reflector 7 and uniformly irradiates a fluorescent sensing film 1, fluorescent light generated by photoluminescence of the fluorescent sensing film 1 is reflected by the plane reflector 7 and converged by six optical lenses and filtered by an electric rotating optical filter 10 to remove fluorescent light with other wavelengths, the fluorescent light with a specific single wavelength is captured by a CMOS image sensor 3 and is subjected to signal conversion to form a fluorescent image, the CMOS image sensor 3 captures optical images before and after the fluorescent sensing film is contacted with a substance to be detected, and the content and two-dimensional space distribution information of the substance to be detected are quantified after the optical images are processed by a computer according to a fluorescent ratio method and the change of optical properties.
According to the device, the two-dimensional translation guide rail 4 is adopted to connect the CMOS image sensor 3 and the optical conduction unit 4, so that the CMOS image sensor 3 and the optical conduction unit 2 are used as a linkage whole and move in a two-dimensional plane range, local images of the fluorescence sensing film are sequentially obtained for the fluorescence sensing film 1 through translation scanning of the high-precision guide rail, and then two-dimensional fluorescence signal synthesis and sub-pixel level accurate splicing of a large-view-field array image are carried out, and integral imaging is achieved. The system size and the weight of the device are effectively reduced while the large view field is ensured. The object plane obtained by the translation scanning is a plane, and the large-range or large-field measurement can be carried out on the section of the sediment.
The device also comprises a power supply and data acquisition module 6, wherein the power supply module provides power for the device, and the data acquisition module 6 is connected with the CMOS image sensor 3 and acquires and processes the detection data of the device.
As shown in fig. 4, which is a path diagram of an optical system of the portable wetland soil monitoring device of the invention, the LED light sources 8 are uniformly and annularly distributed on the upper side of the plane reflector 7, and the plane where the LED light sources 8 are located and the plane reflector 7 form an angle of 45 degrees. The plane reflector 7 and the plane of the fluorescence sensing film 1 form an angle of 45 degrees. Three lower optical lenses 9 are arranged at the lower side of the electric rotating optical filter 10, three upper optical lenses 11 are arranged at the upper side of the electric rotating optical filter 10, and the optical lenses and the plane mirror 7 form an angle of 45 degrees and are vertical to the plane of the fluorescent sensing film 1. The CMOS image sensor 3 is at the end of the optical path.
Exciting light generated by the LED light source 8 is reflected by the plane reflector 7 to uniformly irradiate the fluorescent sensing film 1, and fluorescent light generated by the fluorescent sensing film 1 is reflected by the plane reflector 7, then sequentially passes through the three underlying optical lenses 9, the electric rotating optical filter 10 and the three overlying optical lenses 11, and finally is converged to the CMOS image sensor 3.
According to the technical scheme, the portable wetland soil monitoring device disclosed by the invention realizes probe type acquisition of large-field two-dimensional fluorescence information by establishing rotating target wheel filtering and guide rail scanning imaging and light source and light beam converging and homogenizing technologies, forms an original miniaturized fluorescence detection system, and has the advantages of convenience in carrying and putting. And the device of the invention has short response time (response time)<20min), high spatial resolution (mm-submillimeter), multiple measurement parameters (DO, pH, pCO)2Etc.), has wide application range, and can be applied to the fields of marine sediments, soil science, plant nutrition and environmental science. The device fills the blank of in-situ monitoring means of the sediment on site, can be used as a normalized device to be adopted by an environment monitoring department to carry out daily monitoring on the sediment environment qualityFrequent monitoring, pollution risk evaluation and quality standard formulation.
Example 2
The apparatus of example 1 was used to monitor in situ two-dimensional distribution information of pH and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) of lake bottom sediments in the gulf area of the mei beam of the tai lake. In the device, a PO sensing membrane for detecting pH is a modified 8-hydroxypyrene-1, 3, 6-trisulfonic acid trisodium salt (HPTS-TOA) fluorescent dye matched with a reference dye, namely fluorescent yellow 10GN (MFY), and has the membrane size of 4cm multiplied by 2 cm; the PO sensing membrane for DO detection employs a dual fluorophore, namely platinum octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) fluorescent dye and reference dye MFY, with membrane dimensions of 4cm by 2 cm.
A PO sensing film for detecting pH and a PO sensing film for detecting DO are attached to a window mirror outside the device in parallel. After the PO membrane was fixed for 10 minutes, the device was slowly suspended vertically into lake water until the window mirror portion of the device was inserted into the sediment at the bottom of the lake. The portable computer and the driving motor are connected with the top end of the device through cables, so that the normal work of the device and the normal data receiving are ensured.
In order to stabilize the portion of the sediment in contact with the device, the operator operates and controls the operation of the device on the vessel by means of a portable computer one hour after the device has been inserted into the lake bottom. Firstly, the power supply and the running software on the portable computer are switched on, and the LED light source of the device is switched on immediately to emit exciting light. The real-time image taken by the CMOS image sensor is observed using a portable computer. And if the image of the sensing film is not clear, controlling the automatic guide rail to focus until the image of the sensing film is clear through the computer.
After the device is started for a period of time, the pH is selected to be measured at the operation end of the computer, and the electric rotating disk of the device rotates the filter for measuring the pH to the measuring light path. The pH filter for measurement was a 560nm single wavelength filter, which can filter out light except 560nm wavelength. After the operation end operates, the device starts to work, a plurality of non-repeated local fluorescence images are obtained through the translation guide rail, and real-time pH distribution information of sediments is output at a computer end after the system is spliced. And the DO is selectively measured at the computer operation end, and the real-time DO distribution information of the sediment can be obtained by the same method.
As shown in FIG. 5, the two-dimensional distribution graph of the pH and DO of the Taihu lake sediment section obtained by the device of the present invention is shown, the test site is Taihu Meilianwan, and the color depth represents the magnitude of the pH value or the DO value. It is clear from the figure that the pH or DO can be determined accurately at any point of the 4cm by 2cm section. The dissolved oxygen concentration of the water body of the Taihu lake and the shallow sediment is between 0 and 200 mu mol/L, and the pH value is between 6 and 8.5. The concentration change of the dissolved oxygen near the sediment-water interface has obvious mutation condition, and the change of the pH value changes irregularly and gradually. The dissolved oxygen concentration value of the sediment area is 0, and the pH value of the sediment area is obviously lower than that of the water body.
It should be understood that although the present specification describes embodiments, the embodiments do not include only one technical solution, and the description is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art can appropriately combine specific technical solutions in the embodiments to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the overall description of the specification.
The detailed description set forth above is merely a specific description of possible embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is intended to include within the scope of the invention equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A portable wetland soil monitoring device comprises a lighttight shell and is characterized by further comprising a fluorescent sensing membrane, an optical conduction unit, a CMOS image sensor, a two-dimensional translation guide rail and a data acquisition module; a transparent window mirror is arranged on one side of the shell, and a fluorescent sensing film is arranged on the outer side of the window mirror; the optical conduction unit is arranged in a mode that a plane reflector, an LED light source, an optical lens group and an electric rotary filter are sequentially arranged on a light path from the fluorescent sensing film to the CMOS image sensor, the LED light source comprises a plurality of LED lamps with the same wavelength, an annular LED module is adopted, and the LED lamps are distributed on an outer ring of the light path in the optical conduction unit and are uniformly distributed in an annular shape; the optical lens group adopts glass lenses and comprises three underneath optical lenses and three overlying optical lenses, and a main optical axis of the optical lens group forms an angle of 45 degrees with the plane reflector and is parallel to a plane where the fluorescence sensing film is located; the electric rotary optical filter is positioned between the upper optical lens and the lower optical lens; excitation light emitted by the LED light source is reflected by the plane reflector and then uniformly irradiates the fluorescent sensing film, and fluorescence generated by the fluorescent sensing film is reflected by the plane reflector, then is converged by the optical lens group and filtered by the electric rotating optical filter, and then is imaged and subjected to signal conversion on the CMOS image sensor; the optical conduction unit and the CMOS image sensor form a linkage whole which is arranged on the two-dimensional translation guide rail; the data acquisition module is connected with the CMOS image sensor and acquires and processes the acquired fluorescence image signal.
2. The portable wetland soil monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the fluorescent sensing membrane comprises a sensor for detecting DO, pH and pCO2、NH4 +、SO2，Fe2+One or more of the PO sensing membranes of (a).
3. The portable wetland soil monitoring device of claim 2, wherein the PO sensing membrane has a response time of less than 20 min.
4. The portable wetland soil monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the plane of the plane mirror and the plane of the fluorescence sensing membrane form an angle of 45 degrees.
5. The portable wetland soil monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the optical lens group comprises a focal length adjusting device.
6. The portable wetland soil monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the electrically rotating filters are filters mounted on the electrically rotating disk, and the filters are parallel to the optical lens.
7. The portable wetland soil monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the light-tight casing is a cuboid with a bottom with a 45-degree section, a rectangular window mirror with high light transmittance is arranged on one side, a fluorescent sensing film is arranged on the outward side of the rectangular window mirror, and the window mirror forms an angle of 45 degrees with the plane reflector.
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